ah, hello guys, this is a 77 percent the platform with issues and share ideas. you know, on this channel, we're not afraid to talk to any kids. young people clearly have the solution, good future loans to the 77 percent. every weekend on d w. d ah ah, since the beginning of human history dies, hubble concoctions of natural remedies have been used by men and women to enhance the beauty, health, and identity. today, this is an industrial, with

a market size of hundreds of millions of dollars. it's no secret of the production process. packaging and drama agents used to place the heavy bottom of the environment. the demand from consumers for sustainability is only increasing on you . going to have to be, let's talk about a few ways in which this can be achieved. hello, welcome. i'm fund that in india, many young and open consumers are consciously choosing to buy non toxic biodegradable and sustainable beauty enforced so care products. even though these products remain in accessible and affordable to the masses to be a few entrepreneurs are setting the foundation to build an industry that a scalable, yet sustainable, ah, money needs. she welcome. our son displayed an intolerance to supermarket soaps and creams in early childhood. in search of alternatives,

she began to experiment herself. i started making simple products that home lately, thorpe's live bombs, shambles. and just you know, using it on my own, you know, sell fuse and my son's use. that's how it started for me. i think the journey went a little, the i c, d as in 2016 and the bulk got me a big blue. see this and i wanted to studies can get on the nation again. governor trained in banking, she now began to grapple with the science of surfactants, fat, and oil. it marked the beginning of our company. oh, through them today, it produces sustainable body care products such as soaps and shampoos, but honey sure, welcome on. doesn't call her products organic we don't classify chemical and non chemical. we don't classify natural organic, but we classify ingredients only based on their box to be live and that are the

multi fires that can biodiesel easily into the soil, right? so they might be slightly expensive, but there are such ingredients available. so we choose to consciously target ingredients that are more sustainable. and my old is what exactly is in the products we use every day or in the clothes we wear? these are the kind of questions that also interest 25 year old or did the my of the indian american influenza uses social media to spotlight are through of a society and call for changes in consumer culture. i think there is this under current of folks wanting to know the stories behind their products, who made them, how was it made and the ingredients. and i think this coincides with living in the age of the climate crisis. so whether that's the question about the labor behind who major clothes or the ingredients that populate or beauty products, people want to have a more critical dialogue about that mercury in face screens. heavy metals such as

chromium and nickel and lipstick, x exports see long term exposure to substances like these poses a health hazard. se sinner is a scientist who publishes facts that the cost medic industry keeps under wraps. all these chemicals are likely to impact and barbara big will impacted requirement. what will you use on your body? it'll impact you, but a lot of food get washed out. it going to the waste water system, a lot of the tubes that you discard that route warranty or where stream. where does it fine if you go to the waste from anywhere to the landfills that starts to leech into the sub swine adding to surface water. ne hutch audrey is a makeup artist in delhi. she's is that for a long time now, her customers have valued the sustainable ingredients in the cosmetic products she

uses. as a result, she has also changed her tools earlier. there were only plastic youtube that used to get, but now we get bam, was to execute tips across brands and across 30 dealers and everything. that's not the thing. and for makeup remover instead of cotton's because a cotton is also very huge waste. i use a natural nick of razor flooding, m divorced, and he used any number of things. the cosmetics and personal care products industry is a $1000000000.00 business. last year alone, sales totaled around $425000000000.00 us dollars worldwide. in the, as the 4th largest market after the usa, china and japan, sustainable products are still a niche market. accounting for less than 70 percent of the total, but their market share is growing every year. oh, through them is one of the few players in the indian market that produces packages and also organizers distribution here. the company is breaking new ground not only

in terms of ingredients, but also in terms of product packaging. glass is not sustainable. it may look sustainable, but producing glasses not sustainable any more. so then we started looking for alternators to they use a wide range of materials like say sugar, kimberly's based plastic on based plastic b, c are post, consumer reasonably is plastic, which are more, you know, a part of it as biodegradable. so we try to ensure that at least 60 percent of the tubes composition is, is a, is biodegradable. but rhythm sells its product to its online store. donors, sunscreens conditioners, the top cello solid chapel. unlike it's liquid counterpart, it doesn't require plastic bottle. plus it's supposed to last for many more users than liquid shampoo. hot statistics was if we are able to can miss even 5 percent of indian population to move into forget 5 percent of that population.

the move into using sample bars. imagine the impact that we will create in reducing those many sample bottles. going to lengthen by just replacing one product at around $252.00 piece or just over 3 euros. the solid chapel is not cheap and is probably only affordable for the open middle class. as long as this remains the case, sustainable cosmetics will have a hard time establishing themselves everywhere on the indian market. in recent years, the mineral, micah, which gives the shim unaffected makeup, has caused a funeral for how it's sourced. we visited a german cosmetics company trying to follow ethical standards when importing and using micah and also explore micah mines in northern india. coma, davy and her 5 year old son, roger scoured the soil in search of micah. the glittering mineral plays

a vital role in this region. the economy, even though many minds have been officially closed. mining the raw material is the only way to survive. for many people here, children work for hours in the blistering sun in the indian state of georgia, and this is nothing out of the ordinary thought that at bella tele glerison, my children are so young, but there's no other way of making a living here. there's no farming, nothing is that i can't afford to send them to school. i was, they have to help me had that though, but they managed to to 2 and half kilos a day. and then that we work until 5 in the evening class was it to day some 50000 adults and children work here illegally. local authorities don't intervene. almost all the workers are dilates. who occupy the lowest rung in the indian cast system? a kilogram of micah can bring the equivalent of up to 20 euro cents. but often they only receive half of that middleman clean the mineral enlarge filtered

rumps, the platelets have been cut into varying sizes. this is how it enters the market. the word micah describes a group of naturally occurring silicon materials that are rigid, yet elastic. at the same time, micah is used for electronics and paints and lacquers and for construction. it's also used a lot in the cosmetics industry. a few years ago, anna maria jaeger and her husband kai founded their company lethal cosmetics. the yankers emphasized that all the ingredients the firm uses are vegan and ethically sourced. in other words, they guarantee that no animal testing or child labor was involved in production. one of the key raw materials they use is micah, and some of it comes from india,

the acres hand pick their supplier in india. one who assured them that their mica only comes from mines that don't use child labor. but in that industry, it's often difficult to determine where the material originated with our suppliers . it's one supplier, that's also the manufacturer that also works directly with the mines that also does the audits of the mines and has them independently audited as well. and that is where we gained that confidence with meanwhile, coma, davy is glad if she receives a $150.00 rupees a day, a little under 2 euros. that's enough to buy some vegetables and rice. but for that, everyone has to pitch in order including her 7 and 8 year old daughter's work. oh, it's called finance on one i'd really like to go to school. all is gone,

but we need money that they will have. we don't even have our own house at school, so i have to collect mica. milton. according to indian law, no child under the age of 14 is allowed to work. but millions of children are doing just that. in the states of john d ha, around 22000 children are working in illegal mines. since kids are small, they're often made to crawl into freshly dug pits and shafts that aren't safe or less. i mean, i'm always afraid when i'm looking for mica are not long ago over there. 2 or 3 children of my age were buried in one of the shafts and they died like jack, i want to go to school. i don't want this region. the cosmetics industry is very secretive when it comes to micah in 2017,

the responsible mike initiative was launched. it's an alliance of companies obtaining micah from india who aim to in child labor in mines. but no one from the initiative wanted to talk on camera. in germany, a supply chain act is set to come into force in 2023. it would require businesses to uphold basic human rights. but on an e, you level, an equivalent law is still being negotiated. i think it's absolutely within our responsibility. of course, it's also within the responsibility of everybody in the chain to make sure that it's produced and saw ethically as well. mm hm. if you ask the miners and jock on how to solve the problem, they say genuine change can only com if mining is once again officially allowed. because then workers would be provided with clear safety standards and a fair wage. then their children wouldn't have to work any more.

one important ingredient, of course medic products is farm oil. it's all material that's also found in many other products. for example, it's often used in the food industry. however, the production of pharma is often problematic for the environment. we tried to find out what are the ecological disadvantages of families, and how could it be produced most sustainably? if you want to know why palm oil is in every thing, you have to look back to the 19 ninety's. the food industry was in turmoil. as research revealed, the horrors of trans fats. eating more of these trans fats meant more bad collateral and less goods. which lead to increased risk of heart attack. most vegetable oils are made up of unsaturated fence, but these are relatively unstable and liquid, the making them rubbish. ingredients for food like marine to make these fats more

versatile, they can be made more saturated. but this results in those harmful trans fats. your body has a tough time of breaking down into the magic fat palm oil. one of the real amongst is of pomo is that it's highly saturated. what that means is that it's very stable, so it doesn't go runts. it's very easily pump. oil comes from the feet of this tree, which is imagined to be named the oil palm. both the fruit flesh and the kernel can produce oil and palm oil provides a healthy alternative to trans fat. it's relatively thick and solid. and so can be used in a wide range of foods with long shelf lives, without homes caused by trans fats. and that can't really be replicated with any ever oil over 68 percent upon oil is used for food. 27 percent is used for cosmetics, detergents, and other industrial products,

and 5 percent for biofuel. this possibility has seen demand for palm oil increase almost centered unfold since 990. originate from west africa. 85 percent of the world's palm oil now originates in indonesia and malaysia. despite the plants incredible properties, there's a catch. it only grows in the tropics, the location of the world. tropical rain forests. ready are growing appetite upon oil has meant deforestation in a single decade. forest totaling size of israel being lost, destroying rain price to displaced indigenous peoples, and labor abuses have been documented on palm oil plantation. deforestation destroys habitat tooth threatening fringing species from march and tigers. to the around the turn, one of human relatives. but the rain forests problems don't end in the rain

progresses, caitlin's ecological, which wetland. when that dried out to grow oil palm, they can catch fire creating evolution and foaming surrounding region. deforestation is also a leading cause of climate change. since the c o 2 absorbing powers of trees and soils are lost, good amount of the deforestation for palm oil has it could be called caitlin areas . and pete lens are very a very unique ecosystem and very important. it's a very common rich ecosystem. so given the impact of palm oil production, it's hardly surprising, but many want to avoid it entirely. but not so fast because the oil palm is an incredible over achiever. every square meter of pomona plantation typically produces this much oil from the same line diarrhea. you'd only get this

much rate seed oil, and this much so you being so replacing palm oil would mean using more land oil palms. productivity is one reason it's often the cheapest vegetable oil that money can buy. the truth is oil palm is the most efficient oil crop. we have an palm oil demand will potentially double by 2051 way of meeting tomorrow's 1st palm oil would be to improve productivity. research suggests, but better agricultural practices could boost indonesia, palm oil production by 60 percent on existing land. meaning we could increase production without destroying additional brain promised. yields could be boosted by tools. we already have from mechanization to better fertilizers, as well as know how like laying down palm front to back ration and protect soils from heavy rain new and improved oil. palm trees could also help created to

selective breeding or genetic engineering. for example, the dwarf palm which stays shorter for longer, making it easier to harvest while more trees can be packed into less land. increased intensification could also have environmental drawbacks, but seems like a better option than chopping down more vein forest. but even with moves to halt deforestation, and increase productivity, future palm oil demand might increase beyond what today's land can provide. so if we can make palm oil without the oil, palm tree that the east which can make little oil dropped inside the cell. now the real advantage of this is that we can replace pomo exactly. we can produce an oil, which is exactly the same. now chris says this oil won't ever compete with palm oil on price, but hopes it could still play a substantial role in the future. even if the future is still years,

perhaps decades away, there are plenty of ways to improve palm oil production, whether it's more capital monitoring, producing more oil on the plantations, we already have while producing extra oil using completely new techniques. but all of these approaches could end up increasing how much we pay for our products, given the cost to app and it and people, surely the price would be worth it. another problem related to the production of course metrics is the amount of packaging waste that is generated in indonesia. for example, like in india, such products are often offered in singling sashes so that it's affordable and accessible. but this ends up in landfills and makes a garbage problem, was the mom to now he does his rounds.

in this indonesian suburb, he's a trash collector, a lot of sashes land in his cart. the small plastic packages are ubiquitous in se asia. i use color that i find more kitchen waste in housing estate in the villages more, sasha is thrown away. wiggle the single use packages are part and parcel of you mom can of his own lifestyle. he lives in a small house in tongue around cilla chung. together with his older sister and his niece laundry, so shampoo, tooth paste, all supplied in single portion, plastic backs, even the spices for their food. come and sanchez dead or if there's no sashay products, i don't know what to do. the sash is very cheap. who am i? yeah, the amount is just enough for one meal. alice, i said that if i could buy

a big pack, i would buy laundry. so both, so dish soap, sugar and coffee. but unfortunately, i only have a little money. and if i buy a big package, oh, i'm afraid i can't buy other necessities. the important thing for me, the price of the sessions cheap and i can cook every day. who lack of pay and pay the rent as household help, she make some $50.00 euros a month. her brother earns between 60 and 120 euros, though their income does very. even together, it doesn't stretch to a middle class income. that's why they prefer to buy single sashes. it gives them flexibility, but over the long term it's an expensive way of managing their household. a large bottle of shampoo or laundry soap would be 20 percent cheaper than the same amount in st chaise. but what he will not but says shays are the main range in

local stores that, that, that, that can be. yeah. many people need these sessions. so we get lots of customers that we've got what law mean they're more in demand because they're easier to use pocket to be by customer. spend $1000.00 or 2000 repairs or then go get the low. it's very cheap for them to do out. he will in the be, then there be a gamble, my guy there. so cheap that even down at the riverside sashes are used for doing the laundry. the way it always was appalling. i sometimes i only buy one sashay, sometimes to ally can sometimes i have a lot of laundry. sometimes i used to sashay the day. i asked that with the, i mean it's a huge environmental problem. empty plastic sashes are all over and they're non recyclable. environmental as teaser,

my fear thinks it's monstrous that these packages are still being manufactured. she's fighting for a plastic free world. every single region in indonesia will have a traditional market and they used to sell daily items in bulk. they sell it in bulk. we would go there with our own containers. we'd get a keela rice, maybe a few eggs bringing our own basket. none of them were packaged and that went on fine. the same goes for so we could buy so far as back then. there was no problem at all. we didn't have to buy liquid soap in fashion. about 50 percent of global sasha production is based in se asia. and the region is where most of them are sold, a lucrative business. a lot of the gran, that whose names are on this actually packages our brand of multinational fast

moving consumer goods, who companies are all around the world. and they've originated in developed countries. they originated in europe in united states, were very familiar with these brands. the irony is that in europe and in the united states and in the u. k, you won't see sasha. you'll see the brand sell their product in bottles that are recyclable, but not fashion. the only place where i have a market sasha, in the developing country, ironically in a place where they're so little capacity to recycle those fashion. you know lever is one of the top brands here, especially when it comes to shampoo and laundry soap. the company declined in interview, but it did right to say that it's working on producing sasha a's meat of only one material and future, rather than several materials, which makes them impossible to recycle. but the company won't comment on profits

and inequality unsaturated sales. nothing's likely to change in the short term for a mom and darcy a canopy. they have to decide on a day to day basis. exactly what the family needs. i am not then that that's how can i use sanchez because the cheapest got me day. the amount is just rightly but under easy to use along with and once again, he takes off on his rounds. the companies produce the sashes. no, they can count on their indonesian customer base. in recent years, my choices, when it comes to beauty and foster care, have become more than bod, mentally friendly. thanks largely to being a part eco india. i be such deeply about the products i buy and buy a new product. only when i'm nearly done with an old one. if you've made

a change to tell us about it on eco india and d, w dot chrome until next time from all of us in india and germany. good bye. and thanks for watching. ah, with with

who with a little help from his friends, the re election of boris yeltsin. russia 1996. the players. a beleaguered president. a group of aspiring oligarchy. communist agents from the

soviet era, and the u. s. government, the stuff that makes it a big political thriller. 15 minutes on d. w. what's happening into lane it could soon become a more modern and progressive country. newly elected left as president, gabrielle bought it, it's planning major social reform. but pinochet's legacy cast and very large changing of the guard in she lay close up 90 minutes on d, w. ah. with interest the global economy, our portfolio

d w business beyond here the closer look at the project. our mission to analyze the fight for market dominance. east, this is west. good. instead, with the w business beyond departure into the room. today, this meets flying to a foreign planet. in the 16th century, it meant being a captain as setting sale to discover a route. the world famous c voyage of ferdinand of magellan. i'd rather erase linked to military interests, erase leads to political and military prestige. but it was linked to many financial interests and adventure full of hardships, dangers and death 3 years and that would change the world forever. my

jillions journey around the world starting september 7th, fallen d w ah ah, this is dw news life from berlin. the last leader of the soviet union, mikhail gorbachev is dead known for promoting openness and democracy in the communist state. gorbachev was also credited for helping to end the cold war. we look at his legacy at home and abroad review being paid around the world.