arno stands will have plenty to watch in venice this year. the big question is whether the world's oldest film festival can get them off the couch and back into cinemas. with that, set you up today to more world news of the top of the hour with brent golf and just a moment doc filled retards. afghanistan, the bull comes home. i'll take a look at us servicemen a year after the act of america's monkish military engagement. i'm good with music 15 years ago, the international gathering of peace and cooperation becomes the scene of a horrible tragedy. arab terrors, armed with sub machine guns, went to the headquarters of the israeli team and immediately killed one man.

they're all gone out. i witnesses experienced the terrible events, the long shadow of the $972.00 olympic massacre. stuart september, 3rd on d. w. ah ah, ah, i saw the blue shoe eye flash and then i had the sensation of floating up in the air. and that at the end of my consciousness, when i woke cobb, i found myself in that total darkness and silence. so that happened in the morning

. it was dark dug twilight. i saw some moving objects approaching me from the center part of the city. then they realize they were a profession of human beings, but then it looked like the procession of ghost. the hell was raised straight up and they were bleeding in black then long. and this skin and the flesh were hanging from the bones or as one who actually experienced driver, bull, horror. i can never let any human being till experienced that ever again. and you decision makers of the world

please. b, i him a sure she really, really it was people all over the world were very worried or including people in the soviet union and the you, it is a joe. so you're new. can arms, race was getting out of hand of boston with potentially catastrophic consequences. so you can reach them, but it's not because of the risk of a fatal political decision. but because of the possibility of a technical mishap, he's a boil wow

. 95, the pilot drops his ordinance. 50 megatar. no, we're bomb database with all the exclusives used in world war 2 multiplied by 10. we have some 30000 nuclear weapons. $10000.00 of those are targeted against the soviet union. so if anyone has 20000 nuclear weapons, 6000 of those are targeted against us in the united states. history is approach totally. iranian still sank that tomorrow is

determined by today because to water was determined. and therefore, the world was going into a blind alley to world power at the time, with alliances on the one side, most cow and devotion packed organization on the other side, united states, and nato. and after the 2nd world war 2, many was divided. and the some part became the g d o. and last summer in state. and in the g d r, about 370000 soviet troops. the stations were it's generally accepted by military analysts. but once a nuclear war starts,

it will inevitably become a major exchange with the turn to c building to get somebody to not do something. first, a cost will exceed the benefits and usually that's associated with a threat. you can deter by a massive retaliation. you can also deter by strong offense, which is called attorney through denial. if you're not going to be able to carry out your actions against me, then you're not going to try it. but the 1st place like depression and france since the times general, the goal meets all and others have always believed. total, utility terrence and not in the limited use of nuclear weapons in the sixty's which led to tension between the goal in the united states. it's going to cost us wanted to impose a flexible determine strategy. if west germany were attacked,

western powers would attack germany, france gets attacked, poland would be attacked in retaliation. and also for the onion on france, rejected at 6 the limited nuclear strikes at monstrous consequences. the sky, it's like a ladder, isn't that you climb wrong by wrongs. get the battle about me. i think it's important for people to distinguish between strength and the use of force. they are the same thing. i think the stronger you are less likely will have to use the strength. one of the great items of strength was when we had a long negotiation with the soviets. to get rid of intermediate nuclear forces and actually to cut changing forces and have and with our nato allies. we had agreed that if the oceans didn't succeed,

we would deploy missiles or on the counter when somebody had said or deployed. so that happened to the private of elliptic missiles called pershing's, and germany was a very traumatic event. and the soviets walked out of the arms control negotiations found work. and it was a very tense time. but our deployments went ahead and that was a basic show of strength. after deploying america, new care mythos was peak of a new code for no negotiate, no meetings that all pets in the 2 of us united states. and so that, you know,

there was a period when i was involved in some research and computer modeling of the consequences of the so called dynamic balance of the extra strategic exchange. on november, the 983, moscow and washington were linked by satellite and television for a most unusual scientific conference unit. there was a special institute working mathematical institute and you keep them, we have this academician was leading this girl, but they have come to this conclusion on the nuclear winter, which practically proved. and there will be no winners in case of the new claim or beneath the globes

or to domesticated and wild sources of food would be destroyed. most of the human survivors would starve to death. the extinction of the human species would be a real possibility. everybody's talking about re carrick, but for me, the most important was she leave a meeting in 85 when gorbachev and reagan signed an declaration that there will be no winners in the nuclear war. and for nuclear wars cannot be for this recognition on both sides. i think it is a tremendous achievement. oh, main interest was how to continue the policy of dialogue, disease and when awakened was re elected in the when the 84 q re

slater chancellor call met him and they signed a common common key. and for the 1st time ever, it was not usual to do that. but 1st, it was absolutely important if you eat it. reagan promised to start the dialogue with the soviet union again, if possible. and he agreed to start control and arms with actions negotiations. the union as well, if possible. unfortunately, the months later the college of came into the office and said, i'm so glad i most. i finally met with president reagan in geneva in november 985. that was the 1st meeting. yet then the leaders of the soviet union and the us hadn't met 6 years, awarded the whole world in attempt situation, a very real threat of nuclear,

if anything could have happened. so that time the 2 countries holding the most nuclear weapons, wouldn't people talk to each other over short, brief. you literally had to get how ridiculous dead n situation when build a healthy relationship. yes. someone had to take the 1st step. they tried to scare us and overwhelmed with the arms race. so a lot of things were miss job. it wasn't working. we offered a different approach, a shot to acknowledge the situation that it was dangerous. and to announce to our people that we had to process. and work on piece cooperation and creating a new well on a lot of that process as it started in geneva. and the 1st thing that happened was i'm sure i've came in and they were taken, i pre arrangement, to a special room fireplace. and the 2 of them just went on one and they

were much longer than people. so i remember every white house as a guy whose job is to go instead of noxious way to make clear time with them. they came out of me and he said, sure, i bet he wouldn't break this up their way overtime. listen, stay out of there, the more they ship together, the better offers was you the, it's a low level of though the law, national of the most important thing achieved in geneva is increasingly forgotten about a piece of ship. we need to be aware of it. so i'll repeat it mission, you're going to show you one yet, jim, you media in geneva, we agree to that. that new club law must never happen. i wouldn't know when she has a piece of sheet gadget. lay why? what we want a nuclear arms race yet? if there would only be loses and the whole world was under threat was visual rows

of that issue in geneva declaration was for the whole world. this is yet, we were to be for body issue a hugely important result. lose appeaser. and she did after that i relationship with the americans changed get that salary level with the down jail of new can i was looking in the background. it was we started looking for new opportunities to cooperate ledgers, boys, teens, cut region. that always reykjavik and other meetings followed by globally. yeah. but ultimately finally we decided to disarm and destroy nuclear weapons. they used to really a low facility through g. she brought and that sounds great. you ca, disarmament program began. thought he will of is me luck of luck. would you love to

get there? so those don't ah, w h as each the meeting and rank, it was kind of like a meeting between 2 utopians. the u. s. industrial military complex was horrified by reagan rule. deep on it, we thought there was this side to reagan. even gorbachev was almost obsessed with the idea that his country was on the brink of collapse. he couldn't go on like that . it would have led to disaster. and he said fully also. busy all of you, i think we should know that a general i one idea in coming from friendship be totally i to be like virgin is merely rising royce guys with ah, yes, you just looked at a year leukemia of from the situation in the us. i saw had become critical

watching lazoodo something had to be damaged, bridge the technology gap between the soviet union and developed country legit, worthily. we had to raise our standard of living ridge, the leash fee for his gypsy when we were a huge country to proceed on. with many resources, lucia lua, brochure brochures, alicia beach, and a well educated population floyd who g of rollers are long, so they're only mutual for me. in at the same time, we were facing serious problems in trade or she was real problem with larry q e. she said, you know, with the fact it found, surprise, i and the general attitude in society, new toxicity, yeasty, died. duke awaited in line for hours or days or yearly to buy shoes. for example, some italian stockings. i said yes ma'am. it's

a sign that things weren't walking over to grammy total, her parish, regular blue book, something had to be done article to improve living standards with locals. book rose, pleasantly energy, dudley go. it shows himself, it started to reform polish. she called glosson. those 2 pairs told her, and more important he had the longest during a wash or packed summit, that he would not any more interfere in the domestic policy of his allies. and he kept, wert. she'll look political prisoners out over the presence 1st contested the election . took place at the time when the party eruption was just swept aside from the political landscape. and new people came to politics. ah, a. so give them

a little bit of people. john avo did a huge my old old old old bunch b as well. my young lady is going to sound like he like he has lives on the bill also while little so of he well, he's of is lady ah, those with ah but with

awe he has guilty in poland in so great to entangle thousands and powers. and therefore we had to beg, charles, run most gen service sheila not so to explain to him what should we do with so many her through cheese and the 2nd spect channel was so cheerful, there for good chance or minister sar does. does it show you our government, the crash laws? grille, they accept the people trim leave to withdraw money or not. and the soviet union to

draw and choose the way to has to agree. unfortunately they did. 5 0 boy yeah, a ah

with a death die working inside kremlin walls. you heard the sounds of men full of history which was going at that

tongue, cyril was a world and changing a world bakersfield, the personality of garbage for me. gorbachev was a man novak let me say, she is not religious, but internally is driven by christian morality. and whenever a jewel sink about the decisions are very hard decisions like he had to pick, i thing that this course miss compass was always prompting him. the decisions, i also think gorbachev was one of the great heroes of the 20th century, in the sense that he wanted to reduce the tensions and tempo of the cold war. and when things did become difficult and began to fall apart, he could have unleashed war and he did. and i think he deserves great credit for that. main

concern 8990 was all the time to go so there was is proven is deal so with your name that was not so easy for him. he was not absolutely free. what to do was philip bullet bill. there were 2 things for quality of the party who filled or were the army. therefore, it was not for sure that he was a lot bye with

ah with a 2 has taken place. this anti institutional action is based on a tremendous lie with

the current fails, but the soviet president had an effect returned to a different country. much had changed during those 3 days in august. you know, i defended the soviet union to the last bullet. that's what i did, but i failed now how did you tell me to bam, the party as a criminal organization? i can't agree with. you allow me to sign this degree. nobody is suspended in the communist party of russia, but he's a guy, a guy. but he's a guy so yell to thank you lou. well, at least i have the russian federation with could just declare independence from the soviet union for desert by f, who was a communist leader of the unit,

which was cas extent was yeltsin. that said, well, i'm going to be the president of russia. 3 i be the president transit started. this gang luca shrink of leaves i'll grade, will do go over c bar. venture chords were signed in 1991 by the leaders of belarus, russia the formerly dissolved the soviet union and established the c i. s c plots. and because of the formulation of a community of independent states, i have decided to resign my duties as president of the soviet union. my principal's guide, my decision open on the trend to disintegration of the country alone has prevailed . and i cannot agree to it, nor can i accepted. in general, i leave my office with concern. but i also have hope. i have faith in you the

people of russia in your spirit, and in your wisdom, i must say that for this process is far from being finished. she started, she had to live from bower, maybe remember, but joseph goldbright, galbraith once said it politics. sometimes you have to take the right site and lose. so gorbachev took the right side, she lost power, but she had won historical battle. and you're one cause of personnel. ah,

after the walk him, no. people felt the problem. euclid baldwin has ended. so they went back to sleep. 0 so i could say no, come out again, wake up. the problem still going, loan into was oh, to purchase a mirror with brushes. oh, don't choke shelter in place. oh, shoot. this process attracted the hallmark regular smoke. anything was possible through law. oh, rachel brooks id. just be either one of the things that happened was the collapse of the soviet union. so there was no way for using e. v. could you alliances were formed, lawyer knew for she's entered well, politics were here, sir. rich?

oh sure, yes. go thing in the west, they were secretly celebrating the collapse of the soviet union. bo those even if they didn't admit it, up by da, what happy the u. s. s. i was breaking up to get this balloon the bookstore to put your own the videos. you people picked up on that loader's religious beliefs and it caused issues. we're still dealing with to day after w. jenny, a low price for you as dish $13.00, we have to revive co operation between the former soviet countries. but who is your look of which live together within one state to a decade. so maybe salary battery, a study was renew mr. logan was with us

law to protect the sense of triumph among western politicians also when but even though, especially in america, virginia. but he was premature, but he's you shall see. you'll have shuttle immediately. you know, he's a british, you've seen your sort of big america you asked saw the demise of you. i saw that we as the disappearance of an enemy, we should meet issues, boys or something. you we come shortage, go things or better still? yes. like disappear. lucy brewing is dollar. no. what you wish dollar we're a no right. that's how i disappear. so probably shake we'll just, oh it was a celebration. by now you have to understand won't that lead to

a bit slower? we have an arms race again today, but she'll still continue. labradoodle a lady looked ah the good. cuz yeah, i will. 3. 0, but the gorbachev has called to the coming to your pin hawks that everybody has the same security. everybody including russia. we started with the yearly confines of the funds and content for more than 20 years

. nothing really happened. we decided to establish a santa to prevent conflicts and you know, you never heard anything. and when it was president, he came forward in the speech in berlin. thank you. let's try to agree on the treaty for an all european peace and security, or he didn't get any onset by the rest, therefore be missed out of paternity and put in total events. personally 40 came as the president of european commission to moscow proposing all european economic free trade area from the spawn to a lot of us talk put in said to me, that's a great idea and favor. but nothing happens. question was disappointed many times. but i mean,

any book in 1991, there was a g 7 major, a quarter called me to all and a law called the trough needed economic support. they decided to expand the g 7. and she also had gorbachev. which of should always, it was the beginning of the g 8 in london called the law and meter that we had to help overcharge because it was in their interest. stop the ussr becoming completely stabilized. they had to help with the transition in the americans, english, and canadian said not a big idea. then came from churchill. it's a b graph in the beginning of his volume on the 2nd war. and he says in victory magnanimity. so the concept was, if you, when you then still have

a world history should go on and a magnanimous engagement can produce an entirely different world than what happened after one with foresight and an onerous piece which then left a sort of receiving germany which then was ready for something like a hitler and a lot of the home we were to. so the window of opportunity was the product of a study group. so you've lensky and i had gotten together in the fall of 90 and we would work day and night on this project. so call grand bargain. and the proposition was, if the west will be magnanimous, including providing $30000000000.00, the soviet union will undertake a very ambitious economic and political reform, pro and security. first, economically, market economy politically, onto participatory government and we call democracy. and then in security terms, the securing of all the nuclear weapons and materials and the withdrawal of soviet

forces from all of the occupied territories. i was a pretty, pretty grand package. and i never quite figured this out. but partly the bush administration was so preoccupied. i walk, well that push never was never seized. reduction or daunted the west was arrogant, at the end of the cold was the all go we want. that was damage. they told their ideas, and christy in the markets economy would catch on every way she can do that. does she, westerners were celebrating themselves and the russians felt that was very strongly a trip up to mobile. salty. but it was the position of chancellor, have a call from the very beginning because i have security in europe without russia against russia, and therefore retired hard to bring russia as close as possible. take it

up. they toe and russia signed an agreement. and this agreement, russia declares nato is not an enemy to russia. and later on, we stablish to nato russia council, in some respect, that was the 1st step to putting russia into natal, not into the military organization, but in the political organization. i think this was the right. it's not easy, but nevertheless was the right direction and a lot of confidence building, masha now we have to, i've had the opportunity to escape this century cycle of aggression and instability in europe, in the bill, something that has literally never existed before on undivided, peaceful,

democratic europe in the administration, which i sort of him and which i was proud to serve it. we are so i think began making big mistakes, which when we're continued in ministration to the expansion of nato, towards rush recap, saying was not threatening to us, but the threat is to the person who proceeds and not to the person who tells you i'm not threatening you, but any case expansion of data for the russian national security establishment was a big, big, big item remains a big item. was in the video. this was invited to a natal family to moderate. and she was promised establishing a missile defense system. russia will be in boston that they make and never did. that's

a problem of the history of support and of promises on the one side and discipline . and you can't deal with such re mm. no matter what we sent to our american partners to kept the production of weaponry, they refused to cooperate with others. they rejected our office and continue to do their own thing. they will do some things. i cannot tell you right now publicly, but you might think that would be rude of me and whether or not you believe me, we offer solutions to stop this arms, right. they rejected everything we had to offer. so here we are today in sibley with. busy blue

most important to do is to work for the intellectuals, the people of culture and prevent from the creation of the perception or the enemy on both sides. i think change will happen. it's a matter of realism and it can change very quickly. may we, we would like to see russia, which is in our integrated into your poetry. mm. mm. i know, it sounds like ancient history to you, but i'm still alive and i'm able to tell you what i so that program is continuing. this beautiful planet must continue.

we cannot destroy them. we cannot commit that with as you don't see, then you must have surgical and what is the point of making plans to attack and lie many or other countries. but he wants to play with it, show only people with no, no more to do that prayer. so sharpie marker, i mean generals probably have their right history and they write books, soldiers do not, they pay with their lives for right or wrong decision. so the judge today, you know, people that were soldiers at the time should be around link. that's already too little to your left eye. let me tell you an incident happened to me and which i heard about quite

a lot. after it happened when i was secretary of treasury, one of my jobs was trying to develop and manage the economic relationship between us and the soviet union. in my office number was across the whole time in this name patel which i've got to know each other reasonably well. so he suggested after one of our sessions at moscow we go for the weekend and grad now st. petersburg. so to my surprise, he took a ride on my plane, we're writing there. and he says, what would you like to see? i'd like to see the same thing. everybody else, one say one died when they said no. first we go to the cemetery. so you go to the cemetery, it's a big piece of a ridge, and there's a big platform to work out on and you see before you rows and rows of mass graves, huge graves. so we go, we walked down the center aisle,

reef at the end. and the shade ariel music playing in the office showing me about the battle of leningrad, tears streaming down his face. interpreted we had. and i look around, she's totally broken down weeping. and i told you have a saying to me. every family unit was touched and undergrad and it was, it was very moving and sad showing came back to the platform. i said to him, i have a sense of community where these people here because i also for world war 2. i also had conrad shot down beside me. and furthermore, after all, these are the people who stopped hitler. i worked the friend of this platform in h. s bearing i could isn't oh, marine gave a long salute. and when i came back, patasha said,

thank you george, that shows respect. ah i, i ah, enter the conflict zone with sebastian as rushing forward is advancing. east of ukraine here is warding allies. it's massive. lay out gum. my guess is we component

is rabbit sykowski. and so far, amanda, minnesota, there's not a member of the european problem. the thing slows pressing for a quick spot. a role with 30 minutes, d, w, with many push it out in the world right now. climate change if any, off the story. this is my flex the way from just one week. how much was can really get we still have time to go. i'm going with his subscriber all morning with

a with ah, this is dw news live from berlin tonight world leaders paying tribute to mikhail gorbachev. who has died at the age of 91, the last leader of the former soviet union. he is credited with helping to end the cold war. the west saw him as a hero but.