to day this week, one to a foreign planet. in the 16th century, it meant being a captain and setting sail to discover a route. a race linked to military interests, a race linked to political and military proceed. but also to many financial and adventure full of hardships, dangers and death. my jillions journey around the world. start september 7 on d. w. ah, with water is a basic need for all living beings. but that resources out on the threat side to

save fresh water supplies from the tibetan plateau will decline. india mostly by 2060. what can we do today to mitigate the domino effect of such a po labs in central and south asia, water supply systems? that's what we talk about today. hello, welcome to eco india. i'm some of that uncle. let's start in bangalore, in india, south, over the last decade, the city has worked aggressively to build systems to treat all the fluids and generate following a government directive. larger apartment complexes now have to set up food treatment plans to treat and dreams, their waste water. the visitor to such plans to find out if this approach is easing bengals water wars. the ah, a jeep bonnie good overseas. the sewage treatment plant at his apartment complex. the software engineer lives in banga, lew india,

the fastest growing city that struggling to meet its water needs. its the country's 1st to port residence in charge of their raised water. a novel approach that explored seek and water pollution and save fresh water traditionally. so achievement happens in centralized treatment plans. but what daniel has done because the city has sort of leapfrogged in its development. the utilities haven't been able to keep pace with his ever growing demand for which treatments in 2016 the introduced a mandate requiring people to treat their own sewage in decentralized. so shape and plans located in apartments. apartments in complexes like the one a g funny guy calls whom it installed a conventional sewage treatment plant to comply with the rules. it's one of more than 2 and a half 1000 small scale sanitation systems now operating in banga. lulu. collectively this d centralized network treats about 20 percent of the cities c. ridge households use

this recycle water to flush toilets and water gardens. in 2013, we had a lake we were our water source was more will and don't want to depleted totally. and we started buying water for that's no longer necessity times to the complex on side through which treat plant. but many bengal lew residents complain about the high acquisition and running costs. we are selling order on the 60000 of this settlement for the average. and also end of the year, every year we need to order only the be open it about the 3 different shapes and forms in the morning thing is the, the, every day to time to use who want to and i want it to be water quality and melissa level, in addition to the operating costs and the labor required to run them, such plans also take up lots of space. who are maintenance can lead to unpleasant orders? an disturbing noise. a local start up sought to address these issues with

a small scale treatment planned that is cheaper any easier to operate when a start to finish. and how do you feed the seabees? we said, look at need to how good news so far from the richmond needs and the most because i was looking at minnes or adding back to the number one of a is not sustainable. so how did need to solve for the phone and of the big back to the one from one organic on with less, not a big on the water coming back to the phone separate on the board and executive. and that's also going to be fun. and also the phone call stomach is a very good and it back to your mission so to speak. it can be going to be mimicking our digestive system this 90. busy to see it with bacteria in underground chambers, gravity moves the c ridge from chamber to chamber. the for that it goes, the more the solid will settle down and the water gets cleared out until it is finally safe to use for non portable purposes. ah,

with the plan stuart of the underground residential buildings have more room for community spaces, like playgrounds, at $22.00 lack rupees or $27000.00 euros. these plans are somewhat more expensive to install it. but in the long run, the company sees they're far more efficient central command that roger lived in an enclave. that recently switched to this model. he's happy with the result of quality of peter rod. if you see that and it looks constantly or so during the final, how would you get to clear water? and we'd like this water photo regarding the grown water the same 6 years after the city mandated guy which, which treatment recycle water still only accounts for 10 percent of bangles. daily water consumption, more than half of the water treated on private premises, remains unused. and is funneled into leaks in and around bank

a little. this water is written new trains that are good for gardening, but harmful to lake ecosystems. here they contribute to toxic fun. dropping on the water surface, we find ourselves at a very interesting point in the sewage treatment starting. because if the government actually find alternate uses for this water, it will not only incentivize residents to maintain their systems better and have better quality effluent. but it can also help with the waters guess the problem, the city as a whole because it's a bring down the water that's needed for things like construction industrial greening box and as well as even thinking about aquifers charge if it's done well. so the possibility these are endless, but it just need to quiet planning. that's a whole full outlook for other cities across india. that fees are fast approaching what prices. where innovations in least water management could make a clear difference. but the 8th from bang, the noodle,

the self contained community of auto will not, is aiming to set the standards for the net energy positive habitat. it's causing project. human scapes isn't think we need to. the community, for example, collect rain water in a unique manner. let's see, how have you ever stopped and notice how was it is a devil of the buildings and there are roads. this is contacts a local and he's famous for building green building for the greenhouse of buildings are present with plants increase. but we don't feel that way since we've been doing only data. sustainability is very simple. just think twice the county bought barre . oh, we really need this. it can be even photo pain. when you buy auto square foot of building, you build me as an architect. she would be done to me and architect an open plan of the building, open, happy patient project in order will put gd, recorded,

humans keeps and with humans case, they had one goal. if they can build differently with different kinds of technology and planning and action of young people live in it, you actually influence a generation that is what human scapes with about, how to make changes for building more sustainable india. so you want a sustainable building. what do you, the 1st thing is never met of the land natural landscape when a drop of water falls here. where does it go and where does it end up? you know, this is over a long geological period that water has caused the landscape and money disturbed it . what happens is, what happens in gen, every month from water goes and stands on people's houses and other people don't new drinking water. so the best way to avoid this kind of flooding, oven drugs is to manage water. most of the water that falls on our head is what

we should work like. so either wander, but the not rainwater hot. this is already in water harvesting tank. we have channels in water from the roof in different areas below, then connected to chains stains, as we can see, the chain systemic old tradition houses. the rainwater goes on to these chains and it flows without spillage. if he allow the water to hit the ground with the same force, it leads to high soil erosion. so we reduce the speed by laying bevels on the ground and the speed on the couch. with in the main or at the gl or on border in the main area, brakes have been placed in between the cement blocks for the rain water to penetrate and flow. in the center. we have a board available even if there is accessory in fall, the water will drain slowly. this is how we harvest green water here. so you put it on the rainwater on the card with wonderful. now that you understand how to build

according to the topography you need to focus on the climate zone you're going to build in humans. kids for example, is building a hot humans on the main problem is heat and humidity. when these 2 come together, a person living here tends to switch a lot more than those. another agent, this directly increases wants dependency on fans and air conditioners. and indirectly, the dependent on electricity. to that eustace, the architect focused on crossway installation in each house. so on the breeze, then we check for the direction of the breeze. it's in the north south direction. that's by all the openings and the buildings faced the static shade of on the face . plenty of other cars. next problem is heat heat. so we look at all the sun moves, what time of the day the sun hits, which part of the building, and what do you put inside the building in those places where the sun is hitting. the bill in this building, the walls are 24 centimeters thick and are built with natural red soil. yeah. the

clear type wall doesn't allow the heat to penetrate. by the time it been address 4 to 5 centimeters to the walls, the sun has set. and so the house doesn't warm up at all between the sun and the wind and the angle of the building will actually work out how to put various functions inside the building. and then you have some foot. it's as simple as if you were to apply just these 2 concepts to developing of in cities, you're veiling scratching the surface of sustainability while constructing buildings and cities. we need to remember that the building industry is one of the major contributors of energy in the world. in 2020, the sector accountant for 36 percent of global final energy consumption and 37 percent of all energy related carbon dioxide emission. a huge contributor to the change is the building materials. usually we want to have building materials which have a little carbon footprint. so we look at what is it that we want to avoid,

or at least reduce? for instance, of the ceiling. they use the woodstock instead of depending on reinforced concrete anika faces and the surface is formed as breaks at age between 2 beam strong and normal fired bricks. there is no steel cement or plaster needed, or plastering needed apart from reducing steel, insulin billing cycle. 3 important ways medieval, in the building industry, steadwood of other ways ended up in london's 1st construction, which was crushed and used in the other world. then to cut don't keep, they use discarded thought quality rights that make does for the rules and baselines. don't pieces for the want. not only do these 2 material 20 governing the building, but they're also cost efficient material. but the belinda, the important thing is that there is no material cost in the construction as we use beast and scrap material. every 2 weeks we collected straps in small quantities from local shops in the week. we repeated this process as these materials are not found that easily. there's only 4 ones that you can influence with design,

so forced occupancy. how do you actually influences sustainable lifestyle? so that's what we'll aim that we said we aim at a huge housing program that single couples and even small families to live together in a way that the share and what the share, the share space. i think you're comfortable from a company. it's very comfortable for me here. i moved here in february and i haven't felt lonely since then because there enough people to talk to here on days . i haven't prepared dinner and they make dinner for me too. but i enjoyed that sharing a lot on the, shutting it in a good mobile. he called me go and people to sharon produces a utility block with an area set aside for waste, vacation and common washing machines is included normally, tanya, now instead of buying a washing machine and spending more on electricity, water, we have common months here. i don't come when i will go to bed on the, on the new interface, but most of us he won't waste water. jamie,

what is the cycle and reuse for the garden? i didn't plan to condense. you, you can't keep talking about electricity consumption. when you thinking of a sustainable building for the indian subcontinent, particularly to me and one of the most reliable sources of renewable energy, energy, mystic scale is rooftop solar panels combined with an efficient building design. so how can you see if it's making a significant difference in electricity consumption among the residents? what is actually the average energy consumed person for emergency housing, which is middle income group housing that's addressing, not addressing a low income group. we will try for $45.00 kilowatt, spoke with them about 30 percent less and more the standards and we are changing it . can someone replicate from another? sure, it can be done, but it can be copied as design works out only in this context. we have read out appear to be of use, the order of technology. what materials are available locally?

how does it reflect in that climate? we have got to consider all this so that's me. and for being that this model of humans, gifts with a focus on co sharing could be adopted by college campuses in the future. and that's just the beginning. sustainable buildings could help develop cities that aren't. this doesn't seem to climate change, but also contribute less to it. this isn't the only solution, but it's definitely much needed stock. ah, the fruits, vegetables, and greens we eat require a lot of water to be grown well. in 2021, 22. india was the 2nd largest consumer of rice in the world, just behind china. it takes nearly 5000 liters of water to produce one kids. you drink. a special technique helps minimize this. let's see how any one who has driven through the state of been job is familiar with this sect feels of body the

rice crop. historically rice has been grown here just like this. the method is called paddling where crops are submerged in water for weeks. this is one of the most water intensive ways to cultivate body. and the results are in bun, job is now facing and increasingly severe water crisis. farmers and having to figure out ways around it. like go policing. who was experimenting with a technique that is making inroads in not india bonnie back in. okay. almost every year, the water levels falling by 5 to 10 feet or up to 3 meters in orlando give or only be adopted. the dido, sewing of rice technique, lead because it requires less water level of thought. again, you started to understand how the direct sewing technique works. so we've got to look at the old method 1st. traditionally, saplings of rice are grown in

a nursery for weeks and transplanted into the field which are flooded. but rice is not actually an aquatic crop. it just has a great ability to tolerate being submerged. the what is mean role is to repel pests and works as a natural we decide. in an on 5 month, the crops can be harvested and done into rice in the form. we know. but this method uses up to 5000 liters of water per kilogram of rice and has been jobs. water tables shrinks, it is predicted that rice me not groovy on a few decades. direct sewing or the dsr technique is the alternative by seeds us own directly by hand or machines. more seeds may be needed for the same area, but yields remain largely on par with the traditional method. machines also save labor and related costs. an advantage in punjab weather is a labor shortage. quantity to our democracy with deicide i have saved almost 20

percent of my water and you can see her here. this has not affected the quality of my paddy at all. i do not get i got the punjab state government is now offering farmers compensation for bees. 1500 around 18 euros a season to switch to the new method to conserve water landscape. mrs. fears is the mother of her version. dr. gor, they've seen kush as an independent agronomist from the region who says that dsr is of the way forward. this is very on board to inter. i totally know another country is, you know, they also do the dsr. oh, was fluid your job or i swamped united spears, so you see an order not any big. and when shim, it's dead. i mean, there's used in other places. so it should be used in north to near. but they

have to adapt it or that does to the local conditions by local conditions he means that do main obstacles him farmer than punjab. generally don't own land large enough to justify the cost of machines on their own and paying for labor to plant price by hand, especially during the labor shortage is costly. the 2nd reason is that it did a lot of me to plot. if there's no water weeds compete with plants and best attack freshly. so in seeds, this incidentally is why more seeds are needed for the same yield. controlling weeds and pests also requires more labor and we decides and pesticides. these can be expensive and also bad for the soil in the long run. it's a tough choice between saving water and protecting soil. but there are other reasons. testing has shown that d s. our crops need to be irrigated exactly 3 weeks

after sewing to create the best results technology. the main issue is that i need to pump the water at a particular time. and what do i do? electricity supply feels like it often does. i cropped dry and i she shamble belongs to the majority of small farmers who have not switched over yet. tv, okay, you convince me to adopt dsl. i agree that it will save water badly about anybody, but my father and grandfather have been practicing badly every day. how can i let go of our traditional practice? the state needs to find a way to conserve water, but equally the concerns of farmers need to be addressed from the affordability of machines to the right li decides, and electricity issues before there can be a large scale adoption. the emphasis on dies grossly due is growing rather since we're in the border. so my personal lindy's acton years or so?

no sir, really? robert prince switched not here. so the 1st steps have already been taken and supporting farmers and making the switch will take the state and of goals of water conservation. a long way who done is touted for its gross national happiness and its positive carbon balance sheet. but this hasn't shielded it from the drastic effects of climate change. the country is struggling with a water crisis. it's residents oscillate between having too much water or too little water. how would a tackling this, let's find out for the people happy tom blake. yes. mountains are sacred, like these 7000 meter peaks at the border to bat. though the glaciers days appear to be numbered, the ice is melting. g to climate change, as shown on this animation by the w w. f l e o n. the glacial lakes have become a major flood threat. nearly 20 mountain lakes are currently at rest. in the south

of the town, the monsoon season is normally in july, but in recent years, the heavy rains have come to sit on time earlier in the month of may. the seeds sewn by local farmers were washed from the fields. and the rain water vanishes almost as suddenly as it appeared. springs of running dry and mountain streams have slowed to a trickle. according to the un or them, 60 percent of returns population has no access to clean drinking water. we had out to see the source of the villages water supply some 16 kilometers away. village leader. none that al carol wants to show an environmental expert the situation they're facing her world left and frequent disputes with the neighboring villages. the rules for access to spring water, a strict nam gay who works, but returns tarianna foundation hopes to improve water management head. the project

received support from the international climate initiative is what this water belongs to. another group we've already spoken many years ago that we can share the water for cultivation. everything but see wrong take you there also. they also have $400.00 households and a population of $4.00 to $5000.00 under the like. so they're dipping into this water. yep. they already been in this, at least they share the drinking water with us, but it's not a solution with the drinking, but the young students who attend setting tase central school are also affected by the water shortage. the 860 students have just one source of water for bathing and laundry. you don't have enough water to wash your body and that they have for water to wash their coach. and because of that, when you get to all sorts of skin diseases and 31 big challenge, the narrow valley in the south of baton near the border to india has

a sub tropical climate. at the valley's edge lies the village of dutch and pel. ray, the water supply is a problem here to the monsoon has become irregular, and while it does rain, the torrential downpours often wreak havoc when the impulse for all the further coming down and all like alone, float williams before them done and destroying the local host. 3 project you want to do that? are popular movie movie read on different. i'm here, the village belt a water tank to irrigate that fields. the water comes from the mountains 3 plastic pipes, but they are often damaged and landslides. and then as the elephant didn't what own way they come into the village almost every night, your small groups of young elephants are usually they tear off clusters of bananas or bamboo plants. 5 minutes later they leave what we try to scare them off with noise. enter flashlights,

utopia and electric fence as being dealt to keep the elephants out. that way the hats will stay in their natural habitat where they have an important role to play with it. i'm really good movie. look the elephant. he's an architect of to for us. he decides what the forest is going to look like. and if there is a tick pushes, ah, he just going to trample it and he opens up for the regeneration of 4 returns. forests are important to the countries water supply. they also play a vital role in maintaining bio diversity and protecting the climate. tiny baton is doing its best to adapt to climate change, the residence of the mountainous kingdom, half little of a choice. some scientists predict that the wars of the future will be fought over water. many in our generation are already living with the inaccessibility to

portable water. the smallest individual action could help to the fix that leaky tap . turn off the running water while brushing your teeth. have shorter showers. i leave you with that and see we'll get next week. good bye. and thanks for watching . with blue. ah, with

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