selection of a turbulent history ah, the cities, the mosaic of different people and languages o. e, ron's mountains reveal unparalleled beauty. the scenery is magnificent, but people are warming up with a special look at a special country. iran from above. start september 16th on d. w. with ah ah, this summer here in germany and in many parts of europe, climate change seem to really hit home recent months have been so dry and hot that

harvests have failed. forests have caught fire to rate not witnessed in living memory. and river levels have dropped here, the famous rhine nearly ran dry. the availability of water is something we've previously been able to take for granted. but as awesome as become ever more extreme, a change in behavior may be in order. the conscious management of our precious resources is a theme this week on made d w's business magazine. the scarcity of water is by no means limited to just germany, as well as the problems on the rhine, which made parts of the vital river difficult to navigate. other european rivers also suffered at least po, run with only 12 percent, its usual volume of water and the u. k. so it's hottest ever temperature topping 40 celsius for the very 1st time. europe's agriculture. so if at the hottest from the

drought, instead of burying a heads in the particularly dry sand about the impact of our changing climate, though it surely time to act, a good way to start would be to make better use of the water that we have. oh, drought in europe. harvests are at risk. the natural environment has been hit hard . after so little rain farmers need water from wells or innovative irrigation ideas . ground water levels are dropping rivers are drying out our storage reservoirs a solution? did. oh. this electrically driven cropped sprinkler system is watering of sugar bead field day and night to cut the high energy costs. 3. bleach called bo dean is using his own solar power. but

a far bigger problem is that he needs more ground water than he's permitted to extract. then get us po, blame length. if we are to get this problem under control long term via here, we need a network at storage reservoirs here in the north. for some of the water that unnecessarily wasted is captured in bath and made available and fit for sprinkler irrigation. they will not spike a martyr. the sugar be that is harvesting can also help to retain water in the region. so how does that work? the beat is sent in huge quantities to the local sugar factory and the northern germantown of ulcer 80 percent of the sugar is water. the sugar is extracted, but they aim to reuse the water that is unable to make us a substantial amount. you can imagine that if you irrigate a field with about 30 liters per square meter and not wood water, $4700.00 hector's blue,

that's the equivalent in area of $6500.00 soccer pitches. the collecting basin is where the beat water from the sugar factory is stored. the farmers use it to irrigate their fields, and some of the water seeps down into the earth and replenish the ground water reserves. clouds pass overhead with they don't bring rain. the collecting basin was the idea of the district, the head of local water and land associations. we have an, an oil pond daughter with a germany globally and principle finished. and we will have to retain water in lots of places in response to climate change while that because ultimately water is pivotal when it comes to climate change. you ma, vanetta, they will have to hurry because groundwater levels are sinking. the pumps of farmer huntsville, him harbor land, reach some 50 meters down into the ground. he has already extracted more groundwater this year than is permitted. and the electricity and running costs of

the 5 pumping stations have exploded. templates from for my you have the phone for may and june alone. i've already paid 130000 euros for electricity just those 2 months. and july's bill is still to come in his order. you do, but tell he up. it's an x to cut water consumption. he's using equipment produced by an israeli company, specializing in desert irrigation. the drip irrigation system supplies his potatoes with water. and if by not really down to where it saves me money, because the drinkers lie on the ground, the league where the water is needed on the field, often beneath connecticut. oh, the district water associations head has other ideas about how to retain more water, a local waste water treatment plant. he wants to collect the treated output and stop it running into the rivers and out to see. it's another example of how they

want to stabilize groundwater levels here. that's what i is infant. in principle, the water has been completely purified to meet the latest standards on his bed runs into the basin. it's formed here, it is pumped into a woodland area. that's why fi there. the water is filtered again as it seeps through the soil. this is the cycle. waste water from homes is taken by the sewage system to the treatment plant. rather than pumping the treated water into a river, it's diverted into a woodland area. there it's filtered additionally, as it passes through layers of soil. the clean ground water is pumped up to the service again, where it is sent via pipes to the farmers. but they use the treated waste water for

irrigation. the water from the treatment plant comes to this area of woodland thus far, couldn't be a hint to turn years though in the line of remove it from the ground water again for field irrigation and name feverish carbo dean will also benefit at some point. his sons will take over his farm and for them to getting enough water for their fields is sick to remain a very hot topic and some encouraging examples that we'll hopefully catch on elsewhere. however, we also need to tackle the root cause of human made climate change if we're to stop it and it's tracks. unfortunately, that's become less straightforward. since russia's invasion of ukraine, germany is rushed to end its reliance on russian gas has seen it. switch to even

more polluting, coal fired power stations and environmental step backwards for sure. but how green is natural gas anyway? alto rover calvin reports we cook with heat with it, generate electricity with it, and also save the climate with it. natural gas is versatile and cleaner than other fuels, so it's really become the post the child of politicians proving that we don't have to choose between our environment and our con, and fossil fuel companies, the cleanest burning fossil fuel. the world needs fuels that are abundant, affordable, and lower carbon fuels, like natural gas fats. hang on the minutes, should we really trust the fossil fuel industry that's responsible for half of all industrial greenhouse gas emissions since the industrial revolution to suddenly do what's best for the planet? i'm probably not. so let's drill down and see how environmentally sustainable

natural gas really is. oh, broadly speaking, natural gas is a mix of different hydrocarbons. mainly methane. it's found in rock formations deep below the earth's surface, where it formed from the remains of plants and animals over millions of years. we developed techniques to extract it from there and have done so for decades. and global output has constantly gone up ever since. in the early 2, thousands refined processes like fracking allowed companies to access previously untapped reserves, especially in the west, the world's biggest gas producer. this spock to real boom. and behind this boom, there was one big promise that natural gas could clean up the power sector. you burn gas, natural gas, that is me time, and you get half the c o 2 emissions of burning co. this is james henderson who

leads the gas research program at oxford university. so natural gas still emits c o 2 when burned. it's not entirely clean, but it's cleaner than it's alternatives like coal, well generate getting the same amount of energy. and so the 1st step for many countries is to switch away such as comb, particularly in college and ration. and you can imagine this like switching a color stove for a gas heater just on a much bigger scale. so instead of building a new coal power plant, build a guest power plant or retrofit acorta plan to run on gas kind of like the industry is showing up here. ah, so as a lot of relatively clean natural gas became suddenly available, it turned into more than just the fuel. it was now a bridge fuel making power, our economy with less of the carbon pollution that causes climate change. the thinking was this gas could be the bridge between fossil fuel power, past and future power by renewables. up until today,

politicians and the industry pushing this narrative. and that's because it works in this sector in the us. typically, a gas has been a boon for the climate knuckle naya is a gas market. the analyst research fun, bloomberg, and yet if you work a lot, us carbon emissions from the power back there from 2000 to 2020 the u. s. it is probably in the leads in terms of the cognitive, cognitive power and much of that can be attributed to the use of natural gas. it's no surprise them that much of the western world like the u. k. and the you have been following similar strategies. and there's great potential for natural gas elsewhere. you move to a country like china or india. black coal plays a huge role in the energy economy. they haven't really gone through that tells you gotta switch yet. josh, that can grapple play a role as a cleaner fuel. he's like is a bridge due to a nice feature,

but all that is only half the story because there's one big problem with gas that those in favor of it don't like to talk about much. lou. ready simply speaking, once gaskets extracted from the ground, it goes into a refinery, west processed. ready from there, it's distributed usually by a pipelines to power stations, homes or businesses, or it gets cooled down and turns into l. n. g liquefied natural gas, and then shipped around the world. and at every single one of these steps, methane can escape into the atmosphere. methane as a greenhouse gas, that's 80 times more powerful and warming the planet than c o 2 or a 20 year period. it's invisible, but with the help of satellites or very expensive special cameras, it's possible to spotted move, climate change is happening. and natural gas, which is by the way, also called fossil gas, ultimately is a fossil fuel that will make it worse. the science is clear on this. if we want to

avoid catastrophic global warming, we need to be reducing our use of gas drastically. not keep expanding it in countries that still use a lot of coal, particularly in asia, switching to gas can still save emissions. but on a global scale, we need to start phasing it out. that switch from tulsa gas can be one of the initial stages towards reducing emissions. but of course, you know, ultimately as and when that switch has happened, gas then becomes the bottle. it becomes the hydrocarbon that emits to c o 2 when burned. in fact, if gas use were to continue to grow as plans, it would be completely out of line with our aim to limit global warming to $1.00 degrees, according to a recent un report. plus every bit of infrastructure we build now will lock in gas use long into the future. new instructor, things like power, land, or elegy, journals. i have a typical lifetime of 30 years. this is avi robbie humor,

research us how to lower emissions in the energy sector. so when you build a plan right now, you make $22.00, it operation lifetime will extend to 2052. and the question is, you know, we do need natural gas. we are using that natural gas structure be useful, so 2 years from now. but despite all these warnings, it seems to be pretty much business as usual. a recent investigation by the guardian reveals that oil and gas companies have plans to massively expand that production. again, we put this to the gas industry, the i o g p said using gas to replace coal is a no brainer. that it's the job of energy companies to meet demands at the job of government to change that them on the edge. and you said that gas is critical for an achievable, affordable, sustainable, and secure the carbon evasion of the global energy system. they also respectfully

disagree that there's no room for more natural gas. that's the thing that the gas industry completely overlooks. this is lauren stockman, who had the research at oil change international climate advocacy group that they're locked into this kind of fantasy that their fossil fuel is the one that is okay and can grow and it still has room for growth and that the others will, will carry the burden of getting us to to our mission is goals and there's really not a credible climate scenario in which gas can grow. but that really backs the question. if we need to use less gas, what should we use instead? well, most importantly, we should tap cleaner energy sources like wind and solar, which are by enlarge also cheaper. however, we do it,

we need to cross the gas bridge sooner rather than later. because that's the thing with bridges. they have a beginning end to end. more cars are of course, a major emitter of harmful gases as well. thanks to the continued dominance of the internal combustion engine. that's why there's been much talk of alternative biofuels are made from wheat or rape seed, for example. over the past 30 years, their production has increased significantly last year, output reached $1700000.00 barrels of oil equivalent per day worldwide. oh, there's put that into context. united arab emirates produces almost double that amount of actual oil each day. recently, food prices worldwide have been soaring, driven up as a result of the war in ukraine. now the question is being asked, should we be dedicating farm space to fuels or to food but gas tank is no place for food. environmental

step hung a banner on the reap seed silo in the port of hamburg. they are angry that more and more arable land is being used to produce biofuel, rather than to grow food crops. bill cuts tougher. imposing biofuel and car tanks is environmental. nonsense. i we are facing a global foot crisis and turning valuable grain into gasoline is responsible for the german government has to stop this nonsense immediately. land food belongs on our plates and not in the tank. good often tell our mission and tank biofuel is mixed with conventional fuel to reduce c o. 2 emissions in light of the energy crisis manufacturers believe there is more need for this than ever. be a kernel. mia? we could produce more biofuel, but we would have to focus on that one out in focus. but the moment i think germany is caught up in great change and impulse, but that's the challenges that we are facing. those are gigantic history,

isn't decamped? ish. farmer court anchor also has no time for the proposed ban on biofuels. he supplies grain to a biofuel factory near the eastern german city of leipzig, but it's low quality grain that isn't suitable for bread making about 20 per cent of his harvest. his destined for the gasoline tank that asked as craig neil garth head more for wheat that can be used for bread after all, over the humour for high quality wheat with a lot of protein for the past industry probably get an even better price. i've gotten last of all, there's the wheat that is used for animal feet. and by you ethanol. so let's gun foot. all right, so be, i don't know if he sells his low quality grain to crop energies. the company uses it to make bio ethanol. and when they entered the market 30 years ago, they got subsidies from the e. u to take the surplus grain off the market. now they have become whipping

boys because they produce fuel rather than food. the managers feel misunderstood, they say they're not destroying anything that could go on people's plate. yeah, he has it's and for being primarily we use animal feed wheat, which is not suitable for baking. when we use barley and corn syrup, which are also not suitable for baking, as they are of animal feet quality, what are quantitative? a lot of c o 2 is produced as a by product that can be used in the food industry. for example, to make fizzy mineral water under the product is protein that's used to make animal feel seeming the need to import soybeans from south america, where rain forests are often illegally cut down to make way for so i plantations. the biofuel company sees itself as a reliable local producer that can ease the pressure on germany during the energy

crisis. somebody be of on them and 2021. for example, i replaced 1400000000 liters of the fossil fuel gasoline. lions with renewable by wetherill, that's that is a basis time for further reducing dependency on russian oil wasn't at a light notified by the p. c. k. refinery in eastern germany was supplied directly by a siberian pipeline up to now. but at the end of the year, that's due to stop with the biofuel manufacturer could partially plug the gap and further expand local production. but opposition is growing much to the annoyance of verbiage o c. e o, y, we, i'm indulged rental junction plants are in germany, asked us, but we are not dependent on our product remaining in germany, as addon deny. i can only repeat, the naive ity in germany is so indescribable. only do i know what else to say. the

fight mechanics, i other countries think about selves much more and in the current situation, that is what we should be doing to that we have to have a rethink biofuels, and bio energy are not just positive in terms of the climate. they also ensure security of supply for solemn. see i'd be, critics are unimpressed and are calling for farmers to cultivate food crops and nothing else. they want biofuels to become a thing of the past. and on the, on the lose on we have the solution all to with feel electric cars are much more efficient than conventional ones or to some, they are more claim it friendly. lisa, we have to speed up the phasing out of combustion engines. latoya slowing, but biofuel manufacturers have a different idea they could gradually switch from grain to energy rich straw and min, newer from livestock pens. while

they say that necessity is the mother of invention when the need is at its greatest, that's when we start to innovate. as you just saw. another pressing requirement is the need for new ways to build 14000000000 cubic meters of concrete are produced each year, but at enormous cost to our environment. so what else could we be building with? let's take a look. hey, ever heard of this? you can build houses with god. ah, no joke. you can make concrete out of carbon dioxide. well, that's what i heard from a startup in canada. wait right here. just say, hey madison, can your company really make concrete out of thin air?

we can actually me concrete out of out of been here. what we do is we have a c o 2 embedded or enhanced supplementary material, the very long word. but essentially it's an additive. they can replace a portion of cement in a concrete mix. ok, not really concrete odyssey or to, but something that replaces a part of the cement. confused. let's break it down. concrete is basically made out of 3 ingredients, cement, sand, and water. and it seems to me that it is everywhere. right madison colgate right now is the 2nd house you substance on earth, other than water. currently, the rate of growth emitted the built environment. it's about equivalent to building one new york city every month. while building house has an infrastructure is a great thing with a little problem. this is the bad guy. the production of cement,

emits enormous amount of c o. 28 percent of all greenhouse gases are caused by the construction industry. that's huge. madison said her company has a solution, a substitute made out of surprising ingredients, industrial waste like ashes and c o 2. when you have time to process technology and that kind of comes in the form of a very large reactor, especially how it works is we put our solid heat stops into the vessel. and then we pressurized that with c o 2. and you rotate the vessel for a number of hours. okay, let's go industrial wrist like ashes. and you are to ah, okay, what's happening in the chemical process?

the c o 2 molecule men of the lives with the industrial artist. it is as if the greenhouse gas fossilize is a completely different material comes out and it can replace up to 40 percent of the cement the production does not emit greenhouse gas, it absorbs it. in other words, the climate damage in greenhouse gas is topped in the concrete madison. you want to build the future with a waste of today. we project that by 2030 we'll be able to achieve 600, make tons of carbon reduction. good luck. using human substitutes can to make the construction industry completely green, but it can at least make it a bit. greener left some more ideas like that place we're going to need them.

that's all for this edition of made data, we use business magazine until next time. take care a ah ah ah, with

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