ah, a ended glistening place of longing. the mediterranean sea have almost far and to far a dual career drift along exploring modern lifestyles and the mediterranean meeting, people are hearing their dreams ready to journey this week. do you w ah, [000:00:00;00] with water is

a basic need for all living being without resources out on the threat side to say fresh water supplies from the tibetan plateau will decline. it. give us the belief by 2060. what can we do today to mitigate the domino effect of such a policy in central and south asia, local supply systems. that's what we've talk about today. hello, welcome to eco india. i'm some of that. let's start in bangalore, in india, south, over the last decade, the city has worked aggressively to build systems to treat all the fluids generate following a government directive. larger apartment complexes now have to set up food treatment plans to treat and reuse their waste water. the visitor to such plans to find out if this approach is easing bengals water wars the ah, a jeep bonnie good overseas. the sewage treatment plant at his apartment complex.

the software engineer lives in banga, lew india, the fastest growing city that struggling to meet its water needs, its the country's 1st to port residence in charge of their raised water. a novel approach that explored seeking water pollution and safe, fresh water traditionally. so achievement happens in centralized treatment plans, but what daniel has done because the city has sort of leapfrogged in its development. the utilities haven't been able to keep pace with his ever growing demand for which treatments in 2016. the introduce a mandate requiring people to treat their own sewage in decentralized, so shape and plans located in apartments. apartments in complexes like the one a g binding calls whom it installed a conventional sewage treatment plant to comply with the rules. it's one of more than 2 and a half 1000 small scale sanitation systems now operating in bengal. lou. collectively this d centralized network treats about 20 percent of the cities c ridge households use

this recycle water to flush toilets and water gardens. in 2013 we had a lake, we were our water source was more well and going to another depleted totally. and we started buying water for that's no longer necessity times to the complex on site to which treat planned. but many been the lu residence complain about the high acquisition and running costs. we are selling out around $60000.00 of this settlement for the average. and also end of the year. every year we need to orally see be open to working in 3 different shapes and quantum monitoring his data every day. 2 times he used to want to and i want it to be water quality and melissa level, in addition to the operating costs and the labor required to run them. such plans also take up lots of space who are maintenance can lead to unpleasant orders. an

disturbing noise, a local start up, sought to address these issues with a small scale treatment planned that is cheaper any the to operate when a start to finish and how do you feed the seabees? we said, look at nature, how did need to far from them and need to be kind of looking at business or adding back to the number one of a is not sustainable. so how did need to solve for the phone and of the big back to the one from one organic, some less, not a big on the water coming back to the phone separate on the board and executive. and that's also present things with phonics and also the phone call. stomach is a very good and it went back to the mission so to speak. it can but i don't even to be mimicking our digestive system this 90. busy to see it with bacteria in underground chambers, gravity moves the c ridge from chamber to chamber. the for that it goes, the more the solid will settle down and the water gets cleared out until it is

finally safe to use for non portable purposes. ah, with the plan stuart of the underground residential buildings have more room for communal spaces, like playgrounds, at $22.00 lack rupees or $27000.00 euros. these plans are somewhat more expensive to install it. but in the long run, the company sees they're far more sufficient central command that roger lived in an enclave. that recently switched to this model. he's happy with the result of quality of peter rod. if you see that and it looks constantly or so during the final, how would you get to clear water? and we lay this water photo regarding the grown water, the same, but 6 years after the city mandated guy, which, which treatment recycle water still only accounts for 10 percent of bangles. daily water consumption, more than half of the water treated on private premises, remains unused. and is funneled into leaks in and around, bang

a little. this water is written new trains that are good for gardening, but harmful to lake ecosystems. here they contribute to toxic fung dropping on the water surface. we find ourselves at a very interesting point in the sewage treatment starting because if the government actually find alternate uses for this water, it will not only incentivize residents to maintain their systems better and have better quality effluent, but it can also help with the waters guess the problem, the city as a whole because it's a bring down the water that's needed for things like construction, industrial greening box and as well as even thinking about aquifer the charge if it's done well. so the possibility these are endless, but it just need to quiet planning. that's a whole full outlook for other cities across india. that fees are fast approaching what prices where innovations in least what management could make

a clear difference. but the east from bang, the noodle, the self contained community of auto. when somebody is aiming to set the standards for the net energy, positive habitat. it's cool housing. project humans keeps isn't think we need to. the community, for example, collect rain water in a unique manner. let's see how have you ever stopped and notice how was it is a devil of the buildings and there are roads. this is contacts a local and he's famous for building green buildings of other quality greenhouse of buildings are present with plants increase. but we don't feel that way since we've been doing only data. sustainability is very simple. just think twice the con, the bought barre. oh, we really need this. it can be even photo pain. when you buy auto square foot of building, you build me as an architect. she would be done to me and architect an open plan of the building. open, happy patient project in order. we'll put gd,

recorded humans cubes, and with humans case, they had one goal. if we can build differently with different kinds of technology and planning, and action of young people live in it, you actually influence a generation that is what human scapes with about. how to make changes for building more sustainable india. so you want a sustainable building. what do you, the 1st thing is never met of the land natural landscape. when a drop of water falls here. where does it go and where does it end up? you know, this is over a long geological period that water has caused the landscape and money disturbed it . what happens is, what happens in gen, every month from water goes and stands in some people's houses and other people don't new, i'm drinking water. so the best way to avoid this kind of flooding, all of and drugs is to manage water. most of the water that fall on our head is

what we should work with. so either under putting rainwater hot, this is already in water harvesting tank. we have channels in water from the roof in different areas below, then connected to chains, chains, us. we can see that gene systemic old tradition houses. the rainwater goes on to these chains and it flows without spillage. if we allow the water to hit the ground with the same force, it leads to high soil erosion. so we reduce the speed by laying bevels on the ground and the speed on the couch. hm. in the main or at the gl or on border in the main area, brakes have been placed in between the cement blocks for the rainwater to penetrate and flow. in the center, we have a board available. even if there is accessory in fall, the water will drain slowly. this is how we harvest green water. here. are you pretty low and the rainwater owner car was wonderful. now that you understand how

to build according to the topography you need to focus on the climate zone you're going to build in. humans. capes, for example, is built in a hot humans on where the main problem is heat and humidity. when these 2 come together, a person living here tends to switch a lot more than those. another agent, this directly increases wants dependency on fans and air conditioners. and indirectly, the dependent on electricity to that eustace, the architects focused on crossway installation in each house. so on the breeze, then we check for the direction of the breeze. it's in the north south direction. that's by all the openings and the buildings faced the static shade on the face, plenty of other car. next problem is heat heat. so we look at all the sun moves, what time of the day the sun hits, which part of the building, and what do you put inside the building in those places where the sun is hitting? it burned the bill in this building. the walls are 24 centimeters. take them and

are built with natural red soil. yeah. the clue type wall doesn't allow the heat to penetrate. by the time it penetrates 4 to 5 centimeters to the walls, the sun has set and so the house doesn't warm up at all. between the sun and the when and the angle of the building, you're actually work out how to put various functions inside the building. and then you have comfort. it's as simple as if you were to apply just these 2 concepts to developing of in cities, you're barely scratching the surface of sustainability while constructing buildings in cities. we need to remember that the building industry is one of the major contributors of energy in this world. in 2020, this sector accountant for 36 percent of global final energy consumption and 37 percent of all energy related carbon dioxide emissions. a huge contributor to the change is the building materials. usually we want to have building materials which have a little carbon footprint. so we look at what is it that we want to avoid

or at least reduce? for instance, of the ceiling. they use the woodstock instead of depending on reinforced concrete on the cubs phases and the surface is formed as breaks at age to between 2 beams. in normal fire breaks, there is no steel, cement, or plaster needed, or plastering needed. apart from the reducing steel, implement the cycle 3 important ways medieval in the building industry. steadwood of other ways ended up in lun since 1st construction, which was crushed and used in the other world. then to cut, don't keep, they use discarded thought quality rights that make does for the rules and baselines. don't pieces for the want. not only do these 2 material from the governing the building, but they're also cost efficient material. but the belinda, the important thing is that there is no material cost in the construction. as we use in scrap material. every 2 weeks we collected straps in small quantities from local shops in the week. we deposited this process as these materials are not found that easily. there's only so much that you can influence with design,

so forced occupancy. how do you really influences sustainable lifestyle? so that's what we'll aim that we said we aim a huge housing program that single couples and even small families to live together in a way that the share and what the share, the share space. i think you're comfortable from but i'm very comfortable for me here. i moved here in february. i haven't felt lonely since then because that enough people to talk to here on days. i haven't prepared dinner and they make dinner for me to one. i enjoy that sharing a lot on the shutting. you didn't go, nobody called me go and can people to share in the useless office or utility block with an area set aside for waste, vacation and common washing machines is included, but normally tiny. and instead of buying a washing machine and spending more on electricity, water, we have a common months here. i don't come when i go to bed on the,

on the new in the base. but most of us, he won't waste water. jamie, what is the cycle and reuse for the garden? i didn't, i'm on the blind to can, did you? you can't keep talking about electricity consumption when you thinking of a sustainable building for the indian subcontinent, particularly terminal. one of the most reliable sources of renewable energy. domestic scale is the rooftop solar panels combined with an efficient building design. so how can a phase it's making a significant difference in electricity consumption among the residents? what is actually the average energy consumed per person for emergency housing, which is middle income group housing that's interesting and not addressing a low income group, housing it we will try for $45.00 kilowatts with about 30 percent less and more the standards and we are chipping it can someone replicate from the mother? sure, it can be done, but it can be copied as design works out only in this context. we have read or

appear. so we have used the older technology. what materials are available locally? how does it reflect in that climate we have got to consider all this other you know, so that's me and for being that this model of humans, gifts with a focus on co sharing could be adopted by college campuses in the future. and that's just the beginning. sustainable buildings could help develop cities that aren't just as in the, in the climate change, but also contribute less to it. this isn't the only solution, but it's definitely much needed start. ah, the fruits, vegetables and greens, we require a lot of water to be grown well in 2021, 22. india was the 2nd largest consumer of rice in the world, just behind china. it takes nearly 5000 liters of water to produce one k g o 3 and a special technique helps minimize the. let's see how anyone who has driven through

the state of punjab is familiar with this act feels of paddy the rice cropped. historically, rice has been grown here just like this. the method is called paddling where crops are submerged in water for weeks. this is one of the most water intensive ways to cultivate body and the results are in punjab is now facing and increasingly severe water crisis. farmers are not having to figure out ways around it. like good breed thing. who was experimenting with a technique that is making inroads in north india? bonnie back gayona's already every year the water level was falling by 5 to 10 feet of or up to 3 meters in our landlord only be adopted the died at sewing of rice technique. good because it requires less water level of thought to get. you started to understand how the direct sewing technique works though, we're going to look at the older method 1st. traditionally,

saplings of rice are grown in a nursery for weeks and transplanted into the field which are flooded. but rice is not actually in aquatic crop. it just has a great ability to tolerate being submerged. the what is mean role is to repel pests and walks as a natural we decide. in an on 5 month, the crops can be harvested and done into rice in the form. we know. but this method uses up to 5000 liters of water per kilogram of rice and has been jobs. water tables shrinks, it is predicted that rice may not groovy on a few decades. direct sewing or the dsr technique is the alternative where seeds are so indirectly by hand or machines. more seeds may be needed for the same area, but yields remain largely on par with the traditional method. machine also save labor unrelated cost, an advantage in punjab, whether is

a labor shortage or nidia democracy quit dsr. i have saved almost 20 percent of my water bill and you can see her reading this has not affected the quality of my paddy at all. are not going. i got the punjab state government is now offering farmers compensation for bees 1500 around 18 euros a season to switch to the new method to conserve water loads. kid mrs. fears is did model for version dr. gur, they've seen kush as an independent agronomist from the region who says that dsr is of the way forward. this is very on board to inter i took the molar, you know, another country is you know, did they also do? did you saw oh was, did your job or it won't unite you spears. so. ringback in order not any big and when sham it's dear,

i'm in houston or the bluetooth. so it should be used in north india. but they have to adapted, adapt this to the local conditions by local conditions. he means that i do mean obstacles him farmer than punjab generally don't own land large enough to justify the cost of machines on their own and paying for labor to plant rice by hand. especially during a labor shortage is costly. the 2nd reason is good to do, do not need, or if there's no water. weeds compete with plants and pest attack freshly. so in seeds, this incidentally is why more seeds are needed for the same yield. controlling weeds and pests also requires more labor and we decides and pesticides. these can be expensive and also bad for the soil in the long run. it's a tough choice between saving water and protecting soil. but there are other

reasons. testing has shown that d s. our crops need to be irrigated exactly 3 weeks after sewing to create the best results technology. the main issue is that i need to pump the water at a particular time and what we're doing is the electricity supply feels like it often does. i crops dry and die. shift shamble belongs to the majority of small farmers who have not switched over yet. giga g, okay, you convince me to adopt dsl. i agree that it will save water badly about anybody, but my father and grandfather had been practicing badly every day. how can i let go of our traditional practice? the state needs to find a way to conserve water, but equally the concerns of farmers need to be addressed from the affordability of machines to the right li decides, and electricity issues before there can be a large scale adoption. the 1st who do i do actually do is really rather since we're in boerger, so my personal lenders in years or so,

no somebody harbor prince, switch to daddy. so the 1st steps have already been taken and supporting farmers and making the switch will take the state and of goals of water conservation. a long way done is started on its gross national happiness and its positive carbon balance sheet. but this hasn't shielded it from the drastic effects of climate change. the country is struggling with a water crisis. it's residents oscillate between having too much water or too little water. how are they tackling this? let's find out for the people happy tom glaciers, the mountains are sacred. like these 7000 meter peaks at the border to the back. they, the glaciers days appeared to be numbered. the ice is melting. g to climate change, as shown on this animation by the w w. f. the li. the glacial lakes has become

a major flood threat. nearly 20 mountain lakes are currently at rest. in the south of baton, the monsoon season is normally in july, but in recent years, the heavy rains have come to sit on tight earlier in the month of may. the seed sown by local farmers were washed from the fields and the rain water vanishes almost as suddenly as it appeared. it springs, running dry and mountain streams have slowed to a trickle according to the un or than 60 percent of returns, population has no access to clean drinking water. we had out to see the source of the villages to supply some 16 kilometers away village liter. none that al carol wants to show an environmental expert the situation they're facing her left and frequent disputes with the neighboring villages. the rules for access to spring water, a strict nam gay who works, but returns tarianna foundational hopes to improve water management. her,

the project receive support from the international climate initiative is what this water belongs to. another group we've already spoken many years ago that we can share the water for cultivation everything but she wrung take. they also, they also have $400.00 households and a population of $4.00 to $5000.00 ordered. so they're dipping into this water out of the been in this, at least they share the drinking water with us. but it's not a solution with the drinking, but also the young students who attend setting tay central school are also affected by the water shortage. the 860 students have just one source of water for bathing and laundry. you don't have enough water to wash your body and that they have for water to wash their coach. and because of that, when you get all sorts of skin diseases and 31 very big challenge,

the narrow valley in the south of baton near the border to india has a sub tropical climate. at the valley's edge lies the village of dutch and pal ray . the water supply is a problem here to the monsoon has become irregular and when it does rain, the torrential downpours often wreak havoc when the reinforced for all the further coming down and all like alone float williams fernando and their destroying dog waterhope 3 fibro. do you want to go up a little more than the re, blonde because i'm here, the village belt a water tank to irrigate that feels the water comes from the mountains 3 plastic pipes, but they are often damaged and landslides. and then as the elephant didn't what own way they come in to the village almost every night, your small groups of young elephants are usually they tear off clusters of bananas or bamboo plants. 5 minutes later they leave whatever we try to scare them off with noise, enter, flash lights,

utopia and electric fence is being held to keep the elephant south that way the hats will stay in their natural habitat where they have an important role to play with. i'm going to go to live. look the elephant is an architect off to for us. he decides what the forest is going to look like. and if there is a tick pushes, ah, he just go in with trample it, and he opens up for the regeneration of 4 returns. forests are important to the countries water supply. they also play a vital role in maintaining bio diversity and protecting the climate. tiny baton is doing its best to adapt to climate change. the residents of the mountainous kingdom have little of a choice. some scientists predict that the wars of the future will be fought over water. many in our generation are already living with the inaccessibility to

portable water. the smallest individual action could help to fix that leaky tap. turn off the running water while brushing your teeth have shorter showers. i leave you with that and see we're going next week. good bye, and thanks for watching with ah, ah,

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