the mediterranean, ah, it's waters connect people of many cultures. siena almost rock and to fall dockery drift along with exploring modern moist niles and editor ringing booth where has history left its traces. reading people, hearing their dreams letter to me this week on d. w. ah, ah ah, how will coven infection numbers likely develop over the coming months? what effect will the new vaccines have that target the omicron variance? welcome to this week's coven. 19 special. will also be traveling to garner where

agriculture has been hit hard by the pandemic. that 1st were off to morocco. the moroccan government started a comprehensive vaccination drive last year. now though the project is losing momentum, people standing on line for a cobra to vaccination. this was the situation in january of 2021. when morocco started its massive vaccination campaign, at the beginning of the pandemic, the north african country introduce strict measures, so as not to overburden its health system as one of the 1st successful steps was acquiring the vaccine. and then he did a lot of people took part in the campaign from the very beginning, so many have gotten there 1st. second and even 3rd shots. today we're doing a 4th shot as a booster up in the car after it's introduction, morocco made the vaccine available to all of its citizens,

as well as foreigners living in the country to walk. i mean, i've been mighty, according to the official count, 80 percent of the population is now vaccinated. this camping casablanca was set up specifically to receive and distribute the cobit vaccine. most of the doses came from the chinese producers sino farm. to day morocco has around 12000000 doses stockpiled. we met with doctor aviv, molly saheed, who coordinates the national vaccination campaign? fema can she model whenever there was an illness for which there was no effect of treatment, but there's only one solution. and without vaccination, there were no other solutions. and we've all seen whether we agree with it or not, that life was started to return to normal because of the vaccine i was at lazoodo. but interest is waning. mobile vaccination centers were meant to make it easier to

reach people, but the numbers tell a different story. where is 24000000 people received a 1st dose? only 7000000 got a 3rd. and few of them. $40000.00 have gotten a 4th shot. vaccination centers are and t reports and rumors in the press and on the internet of weakened the populations trust in the vaccine. that's the case across all age groups. we talked to flutter who is 56 and wants to remain anonymous . he hasn't gotten vaccinated and that bars him from many places and regrets you're for groups of there are even doctors that don't want to be vaccinated. well and i am convinced by them because no one knows better than doctors do other customers. will you hear terrible things about resigned fragments host did. oh so but like i have big problems. if i need an official document and have to go to the authorities, all the countries that they ask for my vaccination card, and i don't have one. not only because there was the la jolla with her issue

surrounding vaccination status and the rights of individuals was hotly debated in parliament. many civil rights activists say the vaccination path introduced in october 2021 infringes on people's rights. as these garley is the president of the american association for human rights and his unvaccinated, he says people like him encounter many problems, made them look as long as vaccination is voluntary, citizens should be able to enjoy their basic rights ab, for example, what we accept that unvaccinated people will, shouldn't enter a nightclub or other entertainment venue syllabus can, but that they're prevented from entering an administrative building or a court room because they don't have a vaccination pass. also, that's unacceptable. the government failed to make citizens understand that the vaccination was primarily for health reasons and not just administrative purposes. the moroccan government says the vaccination passport was introduced to keep the

epidemiological situation under control to avoid a new wave. and by doing so to recover economically. the head of the vaccination campaign is hoping that people will use their common sense if to been to luca been thus little when vaccinations started, there were 2 groups facing off those in favor of the vaccine pump and those against it can no, no, i think that's normal in mall wasn't in the chalice. we may be a little impatient. we have to listen to the others and try to convince them scientifically how long ago indian the government hopes it can convince more people to get their shots. and it has a large supply, ready to be used. vaccination is still the best way to get the pandemic under control. house organizations if now began to approve the 2nd

generation of m r n. a vaccines which is specifically tailored to battle the new on the cross variance. we spoke to his railey verola jest, jonathan gosh, showed me. we wanted to know if the new vaccines are really necessary and how they work. when science covey to infect cell, a co opt sit systems and they start making corona virus proteins. instead, the pathogens genome acts like a precise instruction manual for making more virus. so if something changes in that manual, if the directions mutate, it can cause changes in the virus components that a chant out in the army kron variant. one protein structure in particular, has changed pretty dramatically compared to earlier versions of the virus. the spike that don't sit surface, the spite protein is that protein on the surface of the virus which is exposed.

and its role is to interact with the target. so the virus will infect, the spike, binds to a corresponding protein on the cell which it's infecting. so long is the spike can bind to the receptor to ace to that is what is going to mediate efficient infection, to help fight off covey. 19 vaccines induce defensive measures in the body. among them, the production of protective antibodies that can recognise and latch on to the surface of the corona virus, especially it's like protein that can stop the virus from docking on to cells to infect them. and like you talked for destruction by other immune system defenders. but if the structure of the spike protein changes due to mutation, it can have consequences. the immune system might no longer quickly recognise the

invader. ami kron has over time adapted to become all the more efficient for infecting human cells. there are a number of parameters and characteristics that make it a really difficult virus to deal with. one of which is because it has changed some of its surface structure by a mutation. and the spike has a number of changes. it is less efficiently recognized by the preexisting community, either through vaccination or recovery. some of the new coven 19 vaccines use what's called messenger r n a or m r renee to primal strengths and the bodies immune response in the vaccines contain a short stretch of precise genetic information that causes cells to stop producing corona virus by protein. not entire viruses as the cells would,

if they were infected by sounds covey to. it's a novel approach r n a vaccines is a shift in concert. if you will, they are software vaccines. they are providing the genetic information, the blueprints in order to instruct our body these. so pick up the are a day and express the spike protein. so ultimately they are generating the same protein that the traditional vaccine would you change it to the spike protein could help the variant evade existing immunity. to some extent, one reason why even people who received 1st generation vaccines including messenger r n a vaccines can still catch cove at 19. even in them, microns altered spite protein lightly helps provide it with some chemical ship fast . if the immune system doesn't react fast enough to stop the rapidly replicating

virus entirely, it can contribute to a breakthrough infection. that's still a lot to learn. ah, if we understand the mechanisms of the virus on the one hand and the in adequacy of natural immunity. we might be able to come up with solutions that will our width corona and provide and stimulate more effective defences, such that we won't have to suffer from recurrence infection. m r n a vaccine technology has a potentially gain changing advantage over other platforms. rewriting the code is a pretty fast and straightforward process, and changing it changes the vaccines associated spike protein. so why have on the chrome specific vaccines taken so long to arrive?

this has a lot to do with 2 factors. factor one, we're not sure. the better adapting and refining the vaccine is genuinely going to afford a market improvements in protecting against future infections. and then of course, at the level of the manufacturer, decisions have to be made. when do we bite the bullet and actually now produce a new vaccine? experts hope messenger r n a vaccine technology will help us keep pace with new variance, have sounds k. v to as the virus continues to evolve. many people around the world are still not vaccinated against coven 19. and yet millions of expired vaccine doses end up being spreading away. in some countries up

to 30 percent of the vaccine doses audit never get used. the devotee reporter hangs when li totes to health economist and michelle stole part about this problem. and once can be done to sell things like michael sto, why is it that many wealthy countries order so many vaccine doses that some of them end up going to waste? i'd be padded me when the pandemic emerged in 2020 uh there were of course no vaccines. nice tech are kinda in stock. got it was their 1st type to be developed and they were in clinical studies for months. do you think you oh, i'm cups not the government's in high income countries wanted to pre order and back then they didn't know which vaccine candidates would be successful in clinical trials, which ones would be approved and which would be really effective in fighting the virus could cbs, yeah, often fight inch tufts as it says, to minimize the risk of betting on the wrong vaccine. instead ordered large

quantities of several different vaccines that it is. he has it here been here. i know that way. if one didn't work out, they'd still have enough doses from another developer who's vaccines successfully made it through the trial phase. i go to maine, the com. i will use that and now we know a lot more about the vaccine. so why can't government just order less? if you t politicians tend to take a wait and see approach and they're still risk averse to day labs would have been done and under no circumstances do they want to face accusations in the fall or winter that they were ordered to little vicki. gov. so governments would rather order more than they need it already. and it's still the case today that some of the vaccines being adapted for the omicron variant are still in clinical trials and need to be tested there too. i don't know how reliably manufacturers will be able to deliver those shots in fall and winter. so here again, governments would rather order more than be accused of ordering 2 little that so be

states. uh huh. yeah. hey, mike, you countries just donate the surplus doses, for example, to co vaccine a should have that supposed to be ensuring fair global distribution of, of a type, fat timeline technically wouldn't go off to him. stuffy sh vaccines are being donated mainly via kovacs. but it's also happening by laterally between individual countries. but often it's far too late in the vaccines are only cleared for donation when they're shortly before they're used by dinner. countries. getting doses via kovacs may have been dealing with the big logistical hurdles and may not have always managed to use the doses on time, exact local infrastructure, sometimes the issue, but you also need the technical expertise to organize the vaccine rollout that and that's what's missing in many countries, theaters and few linda knew now that you've had an idea that could help improve things. it involves vaccination rewards in wealthy countries. and could you explain that back back, but it doesn't if any vaccine waste and the destruction of doses happens,

because the doses have a limited shelf life, make their money as i inside fence to her when, when you also have a limited time window to actually administer the doses after they've been delivered, so that they don't expire. then you need to create targeted incentives to ensure a high vaccination rate in one solution till is a financial vaccination reward that could be, that could be paid out to people on a 1st come 1st serve basis, b, g hours or in the am. for example, the premium people receive could be anywhere from $100.00 to $500.00 euros for getting the complete triple vaccination. well, for your identified steady info rather ministers driver that would help drive up vaccination rates and also reach people in germany and other high income countries that have not yet been vaccinated. who i'd consider that missed hub into less. thank you. have an infection rates in ghana and not a concern right now, but the economic impact of the pandemic is still being felt in particular,

gone as agricultural sector and it's women. farmers have large hurdles to overcome . ah, priscilla adam left her corporate job to go into commercial farming in 2019 months before the outbreak of the cove at 19 pandemic. before cove it, she was able to cultivate much of her if it is 6 acres of farmland, growing all kinds of crops, like onions, oh, cra, tomatoes, and man york. but her income has dwindled since cove it. she's unable to access extra funding to aqua, heavy equipment and labor to cultivate more of her from land. so everything has more than 100 percent doubled. so if i was you seen, let's say 20000 cities for am my own yawns. not time, ron,

i need more than 50000 cities for dawn. so, and i mean that will not be any logical reason or economic good economic reasons for me to do on a bigger scale. unless of course i get their father. i got that was why not, i really want to do more. i rooms was even bigger. she has struggled recently to access good. see fit alliances and i grew chemicals for here. found green at this shop. are you drove it? laces and chemicals are in short supply. i don't, is worried about her production this year. what effect eliza were doing was that it was death, complementing their manuals though res. we always use them. so just a complimentary that things can be, i mean, there the crops can grow faster. yes. so, i mean, it hasn't been challenged. so like i'm, you can get it out. so what do you do?

you just pray that what you are doing already work feeble farm is make up nearly half organic crop producers. but the luck of land ownership, i'm limited access to market and means of finance. and production remained major challenges. but pharmacy lies very keshay, are benefiting from our drums advancement of the icon sans and her experience in introducing new farming methods. newton my way, i'm, we're, we have benefited a lot from her training laser. it has helped us to apply the necessary fertilizer for our crops, new book, and use chemicals to protect them all monument via dia, behave. she has been very supportive. i worked with cove, it still having an impact. ganna now has a digital platform to help from as rich consumers directly with the aim with improving revenue and reducing post harvest losses. and just like most of the

e commerce website, we have a mobile version and in a word version. and the idea is that pharmacy can direct the reach market reach consumers, and this will cut post harvest losses. i don't have joined out of pharmacy to launch a vegetable pharmacy association aimed at revival this sector in a post cove in mines in error. she hopes to inspire other women to take to their fields. but whom do i do isn't given up just even growing. all kinds of crops can succeed in the hope that hey, hardwick will bring it bright a moment in the yes to come. who do you have a question about the corona virus of science correspondent derek williams, gives you the latest research and analysis. and derek and e mail by writing to covey producer at d w dot com. this week, he's answering

a question from sandra. after having coven 19, how long should i wait to get vaccinated in order to based my immunity? this sounds like a straightforward question, but it really turned into kind of a, a nightmare to research. that's because with 4 or sometimes even more shots being recommended for some people by some health care authorities. there are now just a lot of different possible combinations of vaccination and infection. and if you already had the full 3 shot course, for instance, do you wait just as long to get a 2nd booster after a breakthrough infection? as someone who got over 19, who was unvaccinated beforehand. complications aside though, the basic message is that if you're eligible for vaccines, you should get them whether you've been infected with

a disease or not. i'll get to the specific advice from different health care authorities in a minute. but 1st, i'd have to mention a factor that most experts agree on which is that people who have been both vaccinated against the corona virus and been infected with it and whatever sequence they generally exhibit high levels of immune protection. the, the $12.00 punch of vaccine plus infection. it's called a hybrid immunity. and studies have shown that it seems to be more durable and more potent than either vaccination or infection alone. which is why, for example, germany's standing commission on vaccination recommends a booster for eligible groups at least 3 months after infection. but

it also says it can happen as early as 4 weeks after covert 19 symptoms have passed in britain and where the committee on vaccination has often forged its own path throughout the pandemic. that the recommendation is that eligible adults wait to get a vaccine for at least 4 weeks after infection, while kids in general should wait for 12. the australian authorities say every one who's eligible both children and adults should wait for 3 months. and in the us, the cdc is, is pretty canny in the language that it uses. it's website says that eligible people may consider delaying their vaccine by 3 months from when send them started . which sounds like less of a formal recommendation and more of a gentle suggestion if you ask me. but one way or the other,

pretty much all of those health care authorities seemed to agree that if you were eligible to be vaccinated, and then you cock over 19 and then recovered from it. you should definitely get a vaccine to kick in hybrid immunity after 3 months or so. m dash misinformation has been rampant throughout the pandemic. and our next report shows how it's affected thousands of dogs in columbia after rumors spread that dogs could transmit the corona virus. many pets were abandoned by their owners. now some of those strays of finding new homes. ah, harko has got a new sweater. something he only could have wished for when he was still living on the street. but now he has a new owner. i formerly made ice, it was love at 1st sight had all jo beth, when i saw him, i thought he saw

a beautiful vessel, but he also seemed incredibly old. i'm pretty sure he was abundant in oliver carmella catch. been. bah, bah, parker was probably left on the street by his previous owner at the beginning of the pandemic. animal rights activists. andrea galindo was the one who found him during the lock down, rumors were circulating that posed a threat to every dog in bogota. they just hear a fight that really, that was horrible. associate a collateral for people thought the dogs were spreading. cova don't out. even though it says people just abandoned duck. no matter how long they'd have the dogs mortality, 3 to 5, even 7 years. so sonya was love when i was her condo, no i like it was just merciless and terribly hard on the animals. what came with 20 my lead. okay. nice. they weren't used to surviving on the street. and i did when suddenly they were alone. live about for over 2 years, volunteers have been working to care for the strays they collect food and try to

provide veterinary care. but they were just too many dogs. info says at the amazon, yes, we receive donations and people help unsuccessfully area. there is a lot of solidarity that i hate to us that people have to be able to a flood. and i asked son does a lot of social inequality in our country and it's fun going on this. can. those are trans equity and that means we can't take care of all the animals. ha, ah, a boy. they got up those sizzles on my list. some of the dogs are lucky and find a new home. the son of paco's owner is really happy about having a new family member and pocket. clearly he's pretty happy to and with the hope that there are too many stray dogs roaming around feeling cove, but we can improve their lives. yes, i'm you. for animal welfare activist, andrea galindo, paco's new life is validation enough for her work. she has lost count of how many

dogs she's helped, and every animal she finds has a place in her heart. no, no. it's hugely gratifying. i always tell myself that's one less animal that suffering ah, there are still over $60000.00 stray dogs in bogota, each one also hoping to find a forever on and that so for this week, thanks for watching the next time. ah, ah, ah! with

who to the point. strong opinion, clear positions, international perspective, rushes war on ukraine maybe stalling, but that didn't stop a lot of a protein from staging. a massive military drill with some help from his friends

rushes war games with china and india. this started as a global arms race. find out on to the point a, d, w. parched soil. as far as the i can see in east africa, millions of people are suffering from famine and drought. in their desperation, farmers are slaughtering their weekend animals. if it does not rain soon, their livelihood will be lost forever. global 3090 minutes on the w. o with the landscape. a reflection of a turbulent history. the cities,

the mosaic of different people and languages. the ron's mountains reveal unparalleled beauty. ah, a special look at a special country loan from above. start september 16th on d, w. i thought it's a journey across the entire continent with a variety of cars. so what on this, so the focus, the move and shake is visionaries and make it when body the meaning of modern africa. this is an egg. and d, w. b, y ah

ah ah, this is the w news coming to your line from berlin. the end of an era queen elizabeth the 2nd has died at $96.00. united kingdom's longest reigning monarch passed away peacefully at baltimore castle in scotland. the crown now passes to her eldest son, charles london's buckingham palace.