ah ah, in many countries education is still a privilege. tardy is one of the main causes. some young children walk in mind troughs. instead of going to class, others can attend classes only after they finish working with millions of children all over the world can't go to school with. we asked why. and because education makes the world more just make up your own mind. d. w, made for mines. oh, well, you become a criminal. ah franklin,

may i already know those kind of to take talk with them about hackers, paralyzing the tire societies. computers that out some are you and governments that go crazy for your data. we explain how these technologies work, how they can go in for greener, but it's how they can also go terribly. watch it now on youtube. ah sy, cleanse fire. earthquakes, volcano is what happens to animals and even plans in the face of

natural disasters or some consent to the coming catastrophe and flee ahead of time. others are forced to remain and battle against the odds to stay alive. indigenous oral history and traditional knowledge is full of stories of nature's resourcefulness. now western scientists are starting to study the ways animals and vegetation cope with the planets moods and their remarkable strategies for survival . many have managed to turn adversity to their advantage with some ingenious adaptations. numerous animals and plants managed to survive and even thrive after catastrophic events.

but as the planet warms and the frequency and intensity of fires, flood some cyclones increases. will nature continue to find ways to endure the earth ra lying in the indian ocean. the island of sher lanka is a popular tourist destination. thanks to its stunning scenery, rich marine ecosystems, and its wide range of wild life. in

the south, yon, a national park is home to a variety of mammals, reptiles and birds. on the morning of december, the 26th, 2004 tour guides like through shara paris had no idea of what they were about to witness it though we didn't see as many animals as usual that day didn't normally between 6 am and 7 a. m, we, she a lot of animals. but that day there were not many firelight day was scared of something, but we couldn't figure out the reason for that. the animals were aware of something, no human could sense, but far away. one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded struck off the coast of

indonesia and lasted for a full 10 minutes. sri lanka was far enough from the epicenter that the tremor itself couldn't be felt. but the earthquake triggered a series of tsunamis giant tidal waves along the coast of indonesia, india thailand, and cher lanka, killing over 230000 people. fishermen at sea were out of the danger zone, but they too saw changes as him. a parlor leon aggie discovered when he returned to his boat in the days following the scene, ami ah, in the model. i don't know. i mean, we went fishing a few days after the tsunami, about the fish there. we had seen them before. the twin, i mean, weren't there m a model that there were no big shows of fish in the water molecule the before in the night we had some crabs on rocks and i got on the she better than bad me. but they had also gone with nelson,

the fish show their usual behavior at all. and though i am altogether, even sea creatures like prongs and turtles disappear during this one, i mean a lot of and after the tsunami as well, the not me larvae, the again, as an army of buffalo game, of the vin. oh, oh, many people in sri lanka, the leaf animals, were able to sense the impending catastrophe and move out of harm's way. since ancient times, stories have been told of animals warning humans of impending doom. before it happens, reptiles, geese, and dogs have all been credited with saving us from various disasters. but until recently, there had been little scientific study of this phenomenon. then

in 2011, doctor martin woodkalski began studying the goats that one to the slopes of mount etna. initially he towering 3352 meters above sea level. mount etna is the most active volcano. in europe. most eruptions affect only the vicinity of the crater and pose little danger for local and their animals. over 2 years, doctor were kowalski tagged

a number of goats and sheep that live on the volcano slopes. then kat to close eye on what the animals got out to head on my a neuberger phone with the one about using the data collected, he was able to see how the movements change depending on the volcanoes behavior. all who saw was that before every major rupture before, every one of those the codes were showing erotic strange behavior. they were getting really nervous. but then when, when you have a new rupture coming up and we don't know what it is, but there's something coming from the earth, mental going towards the surface. and somehow the goats know. and it's really interesting because they are not in one group together. here are distributed around the mountain and it's a very strong increase. it activity is not just, you know, wiggling around a little bit or walking around though it's really, it's

a doubling or tripling opportunity and that's quite a massive difference. doctor, we koski knows that the goats act differently before interruption. next, he needs to find out how they can tell that something is about to happen. well, the truth is, we don't know what it is that the goals experience, what they sense. but it's actually really interesting because we can now collaborating with wilken knowledge is find out where these correlations are. and then we can go out and say, well, could it be smell as the lava, as the mag my comes up through the mountain? is it more the tension in the mountains which they measure? and maybe it's something else maybe is the seo tool that is influencing the plans that is influencing the goats. but we don't know yet. mccallski has recently returned to the slopes of mount etna to improve on his 1st experiments thanks to sophisticated tags that allow him to track their movements in

real time a. so we did studies here before on the goat, 6 years ago, study them for 2 years. but only locked that they to us only wrote them in the memory of the tag. and now we have for the 1st time, a real time system which is really exciting because now we can determine what the goats are doing when the mountain is going crazy. so from the previous data, we know that the goats are active 4 to 6 hours before major will kind of eruption which is really enticing. so within 10 minutes or so, we get the data from these animals and can tell whether they are going crazy or not . the same scene having confirmed that goats make good vulcan ologist woodkalski, now hopes to apply his knowledge to other animals. mm . the next steps are that we go to different parts of the world and ask people

which animals are known to tell you something about disaster that are coming. and those will be the animals we tag with the people here and determine whether they are as good as the goes here. the animals in sri lanka and the goats in italy . and not alone in figuring out that something is about to happen before it takes place. and one study has even identified the clues that some animals are picking up on the o search organization was set up to help scientists collect data in the ocean. the deep sea and its many inhabitants remain largely misunderstood due to the difficulty of acquiring hard facts. despite their high media profile, there is very little concrete information known about even some of the most recognizable animals, such as shocks. dr robert shooter

has been tagging various species of shocks for the last 35 years in 2001 he and his colleague, doctor michelle. hypo had marked a group of young black tips shocks that were living in shallow water in tampa bay, florida. that on september, the 11th tropical storm gabriel formed in the gulf of mexico. 3 days later, it hit the florida coast with winds of a 110 kilometers an hour and heavy rainfall. we

had a receiver's acoustic receivers that were tracking the movements of about a dozen or so young sharks when the storm approached our coast. and when we downloaded the data, we saw that these little sharks had left the comfort in the confines in the protection of the nursery area and had gone out somewhere off shore and to lower tampa bay, perhaps out in the gulf itself, where they're actually vulnerable to to being eaten themselves by, by larger sharks. what's plotted here in the hashed area is the times when the 13 black sharks left the nursery. but they began to leave with the downturn in barometric pressure. and we're, we're fully gone, even before they're metric pressure hit its bottom point. the shocks reacted to the low pressure associated with hurricanes,

rather than the wind and rain. it's actually sensed in the sharks. we now know in their ears and yes, sharks do have ears. they have inner ears, arm that can pick up the pressure difference that's associated with depth. some of the animals reacted very quickly after this happened. a few others took oh, an hour. so to, to kind of make a decision. it's time to leave. 20 years after doctor sheet, his 1st observations, and no such te, set off on an expedition to nova scotia, to tag and follow the movements of great white shops. when they arrived in september 2020, the location was ideal for finding shocks, and the weather was beautiful. but they were clearly gone. they had left ah, they were avoiding that area and, and staying off shore. it seems the sharks had sent something and sure enough,

shortly after hurricane teddy pummeled the nova scotia coast, the calm seas of attacking sight was seen transformed by 10 me to waves. from his previous work on black tit shocks, dr. hutto was able to make deductions about the great white shocks in nova scotia by inference. we. we conclude that the sharks that could have been there and that in that very productive place, left, roll it out off shore and deeper water. and then when the hurricane effects were we're pretty much cleaned up returned. and that's where we found several days later . tolbert further down the coast. when the sharks returned,

the team was able to catch intact them on light goats. the shock tagging operation requires a large team of experts and a huge amount of logistics. using an elevated platform, the shock is towed into place and the specially set to work like a formula, one pit stop. each person on the team is responsible for their task, which they try to perform as quickly as possible to limit the distress to the animal samples. are taken, and the shock is tagged before being sent on its way. dr. hue turn, his colleagues follow 70 great whites in real time, and can observe how they react to changing barometric pressure and incoming weather disturbances.

while these animals show signs of being able to forecast natural disasters, others are unable to escape from danger. they live in a world where extreme weather events a part of their lives. the island of puerto rico lies in the caribbean sea, 2000 miles off the coast of the united states. it's an area of immense natural beauty, with its mountains, waterfalls and forests. ah, on the eastern side of the island lies al young key, tropical rain forest. this area has an average rainfall of 3 meters per year, and a highly diverse ego system. as well as birds and mammals. the tropical forest is also home to more fragile creatures both in the water

and on land. hey, each year the caribbean is hit by hurricanes arriving from the atlantic. puerto rico lies right in the path of these huge storms. when hurricane land, they bring huge amounts of rainfall to the island over very short periods of time.

as the water rises, the equivalent of a full year's worth of sediment can be washed into the rivers. within the space of a few hours. rain fallen flooding threatening the forest. tiny inhabitants these sudden seasonal onslaughts mean even the river's smallest residence had had to look for solutions. the shrimp cope with the rising waters by heading to find shelter or hunkering down. some shrimps simply avoid the worst impacts of the storm by getting out of the water and walking on land. in fact,

very few shrimp die during these events. many times they are merely relocated and can even find themselves in the midst of a hurry can induce smorgasbord surrounded by food. ah, though they are small, these shrimps eat a huge amount of the plowed matter, and actually clear the rivers of storm debris. without these creatures, the streams and waters of pereta rico would be completely overwhelmed by organic litter after storms and hurricanes. when a cyclone approaches fire ants find themselves in a very vulnerable position, faced with rising waters and to wrench will rain. but they have adapted and come up with a flood, drill, forced to abandon their home. the ant version of noah's ark is an incredible feat of survival engineering. the work ants literally stick together hanging on to each

other by holding taffy, the insect equivalent of hands. enough air is trapped on the bodies of the workers around has on their legs to prevent them from drowning, and the ants constantly move on the raft. taking turns in various positions. the queen and larvae are protected in the center. the driest safe is part of this nautical pancake. a fire, an draft can survive for several weeks drifting with the currents when the water recedes, or they encounter dry land, they sworn to shore and re established themselves on new territory.

the queen is escorted off the raft and taken to a safe location where the ants will continue the next stage of their lives. the animals are proud to recap, have found some incredible adaptations in order to survive in their stormy environment. elsewhere some species, cheese to head directly into the danger zone. in north america, the genius eastern shore is made up of a series of undeveloped buria islands. here one, my great re sure bird stalks up on food before embarking on an immense, his jenny that has intrigued owner, fun ages for hundreds of years. mm

. mm. dr. bryan wants from the center. the conservation biology tracks wimberly and studies and migration. we had the opportunity to deploy satellite transmitters on birds and over 10 years we tracked almost 50 birds as they crossed the atlantic and built up a dataset to look at halla, interacted with storms. there are 2 main populations of wimberly in north america. the birds look identical and those spend the winter in brazil that doctor waltz discovered that the 2 groups had found different solutions to the problem of hurricanes. it turns out that these 2 populations have different strategies of i'm dealing with the storms. the one mckenzie delta population basically stays out over cooler water where storms don't

form and so they avoid storms and the hudson bay population flies directly across hurricane alley. but it does so in a place where their islands that it can use as pores during a storm. and if it does encounter, if they do encounter storms, they'll put there on those islands. wade out the storms, refuel, and then move on to the winner and ground. the mackenzie delta birds. take a massive detour, an epic journey covering 6000 kilometers nonstop over open water and staying well away from the storm area. the hudson bay population takes a shorter route, though it's still several 1000 kilometers, heading directly through the danger zone. they set off into the unknown, unable to tell if there are hurricanes approaching. but they have a number of options if they get caught up in storms. if they are confronted with a hurricane, these birds either battled our way against the head, winds,

or land on one of the many islands in the area. sometimes they're even rewarded with powerful tail winds. that sling shot them out the other side. by either avoiding storms or risking storm interaction, those populations have adapted to the seasonal dangers. yet their population continues to decline. while he was tracking one particular bird named goshen, dr watts discovered that the risks were not always weather related. goshen was flying over the west indies. i encountered hurricane irene was put down on monserrat and then flew over to antigua and was on antigua for 7 days and then flew to guadalupe and was shot the morning and arrived. no one will buy hunters and a shootings. doctor

walks believes that these birds show remarkable resilience in coping with extreme weather conditions. but it remains to be seen if they can survive once they reach dry land. birds have an amazing ability to adapt to changing conditions. on one species of bird has actually turned a bad situation to its advantage. on the island of new britain in papua new guinea, 2 volcanoes have been erupting on and off since 1994. the local town rebels is situated directly in the crater. many of the towns inhabitants have left to avoid the thick ash and aerial bombardment, and find some why less geologically lively. it certainly doesn't seem like an ideal location for rearing youngsters, but when the humans left, another creature moved in, choosing this apocalyptic landscape as a nursery for its babies.

in forested areas, chicken sized polynesian mega pod birds bury their eggs in deep nests of decaying vegetation. but around the crater, they lay their eggs up to 2 meters deep in volcanic ash. egg laying takes place during calm periods between eruptions, mega pod parents don't incubate their rags like other bird species. instead, they leave that job to the volcano itself. have

sometimes the mega pods brave the disaster zone to return and lay a 2nd or even a 3rd egg. the sparse trees provide little protection from the constant rain, volcanic bombs. in

some cases, the stress is too much on the birds abandon their eggs before they have a chance to bury them. as usual in nature, nothing goes to waste mega pod eggs have the largest yoke of any birds making up to 50 to 70 percent of the eggs weight. deep in the womb. ash the surviving eggs kept to the constant temperature. unlike most other bird species,

mega pod parents never see their offspring and play no part in raising them. when they finally hatch under ground, the young chicks must claw their way to the surface. they emerge fully feathered, with eyes open and ready to fly from day one. it seems like a risky venture, but every year, thousands of birds come here to lay their eggs and entrust them to the bowels of the earth. in the face of natural disasters, bird show adaptability and ingenuity. in the north of australia, certain species of birds have learned to go even further. harnessing the elements with a skill previously thought to be unique to humans. for thousands of years, indigenous tribes in australia's northern territory have managed the landscape by

using control burns when burning begins, black kites and other birds of prey arrive for miles around, known as firebirds. they prey on insects, reptiles, and rodents, as they escaped from the heat. ah, within minutes of an area catching fire, birds appear as if from nowhere ready to take advantage of the bounty of food. the blaise creates a feeding frenzy, a small animals flee the frontline of the fire wildlife cinematographer mart lamb bowl has worked in the northern territory for many years

. the birds good will around the fire and then i would start to sweep down some would swoop in front of the fire. and some would swim behind the fire and pick up dead dead morsels on the ground of insects and little izard's and small mammals. and the all, am julian, and i would pick them up out of the air, sweep up, grab them with them up, and then fade on them. but in several aboriginal dream time ceremonies. indigenous tribes refer to birds flying into bush fires, picking up a burning stick, and dropping it elsewhere in order to spread the fire. mark camped out with indigenous guides to try and capture this response on film for the 1st time ever.

the firebirds don't display this behavior frequently. on the odd occasion we saw a bird swooped down and pick something up that wasn't an insect. and that was a firebird. picking up a stick. bringing mark one step closer to filming the birds, picking up a burning stick and spreading the fire. now, even skeptical western scientists have started to take indigenous stories seriously and believe there is compelling evidence that fire starting is not just accidental . but for mark, there is no doubt about what indigenous people have known for generations. i've

heard stories about far birds for a long, long time. 30 fuss is in the top in. i'd never fully seen it before, but i'd say the results of it. and when you're driving along and you stop and you might be even filming afar, and suddenly that far is on the other side of the road. and the only thing made to have done it is a bird. you assume it's been a firebird that picked up a stickin and moved that far. it seems that the birds only start a new fire when an existing one has reached the barrier and is in danger of going out. the birds appear to want to flush out more prey and understand that fire is the key to this abundant food source. fires a part of life in australia, but recent years have seen some of the biggest bush fires in recorded history. now, the australian government is showing renewed interest in indigenous burning practices in the hope of keeping these fires under control

of the south coast of australia. kangaroo island is well known for its unique ecosystem, but in 20192020. this wildlife haven was badly affected when bush fires burned more than half of its surface area. on the island and around the world. experts and laymen watch the fire spread concerned for the future of the endemic species found here. this is an area that is used to fires the plants and animals here have developed strategies to cope both during the fires themselves and afterwards. once the danger has passed. renowned environmental physiologist peggy wrist. miller has discovered that even the smallest animals have developed some surprising behaviors. the,

the termite species on kangaroo island. mister determined excuses is a very special termite that eats timber. and the inside of a termite man is like a catacomb. and that's formed by the termites eating wood and going in with the wood and the termite spit forming these these catacombs. but then the outside of the mound is actually covered with a soil type from the surrounding areas. and from what we've learned, it looks like the termites actually mine certain minerals and put them over there mount to actually fireproof them, or at least making make them more fire retardant. termite mounds are not impregnable to fire. some of them do burn, but they rarely burn all the way under ground. to where the queen chamber is located. after the passage of the fire,

the termites get back to work rebuilding the empire. thanks to the termites inventiveness another animal has also been saved from the danger of bush fires, a cabinet, a found only in australia. these unusual mammals lay eggs directly inside termite mounds. taking advantage of the termites fire proofing to protect them. when threatened by fires it killers go into a type of hibernation, known as torpor. they'll dig in, they'll get soil between their spines and that causes them to, to have sort insulation. they also have the unique ability to lower their metabolism, the respiration, their heart beat, and they can survive things like fire,

even when some other spines might get melted by the heat of the fire. this period of toppa allows them to conserve energy while they wait out the danger. in fact, peggy wrist mila has discovered that the ecology of kangaroo island is not unique. but all the species oliver australia, have evolved with fire. for the most part, the species are very good as fighting fires and have their own methods for doing that. eucalyptus trees and native to australia and are found throughout the island . they contain an oil that is highly flammable, not ideal in an area where fires are a regular occurrence. each year the trees shed their balkan leaves, creating huge piles of combustible fuel on the ground. when a bush fire passes through this tinder burns quickly,

the trees may lose leaves and branches, but the fire moves rapidly, so the trunk and route, so usually sped. in fact, some eucalyptus trees depend on fire to reproduce.

ah eucalyptus seeds are contained in hard seed pods that a sealed with resin. these cones can only release their seeds when the heat of a fire has melted through this protective case. the seeds then fall on to a nutrient rich bed of ash where all competitive plants have been cleared out, creating an ideal area for young trees to re grow. small orange funguses appear on the ground directly after the fire. they have a crucial role helping to change the soil ph after it has been alkaline by fire. browsing animals, a temporarily driven out, and the heated soil reduces the number of plants heating, insects, and soil organisms. during the important early growth period, eucalyptus trees produced new growth,

which sprouts directly from the base of the tree. the stress of fire causes api comic buds to shoot directly from the trees, branches and trunk. even if the lease of the tree have been burned. these buds sprout and produce new foliage, allowing it to survive. eucalyptus is not the only fire dependent tree on the island. some of the vegetation on canker island is is quite incredible because it actually needs fire in order to germinate . so when the fire came and a lot of the plants actually threw open their seed pods and seeds were scattered everywhere. various tree species need fire and extreme heat to propagate their seeds. fire is a positive force bringing renewal and even resources to other species. now that's

when also after the fire, we saw a lot of different bird species come in and feed on those seeds. some of the plants which came back quickly are only here. and that's one of the astonishing things about kangaroo island, grass trees, or santa maria, or one of these endemic species. they are extremely slow growing, and some of the tallest species are estimated to be more than 400 years old. and yet, during that time, they must have outlived numerous bush fires. a fire may burn their leaves and blacken their trunks, but the trees usually survive. in fact, their growth point is buried under ground, protected by tightly packed leaf spaces away from the inferno above.

some grass trees or even stimulated by fire to flour. so suzanne to ria ashley needs fire in order to make its beautiful flower stocks. and those flower stocks are important for food for the nectar feeders, for such as the ping me, parsons. and a lot of our birds, spear like flowers growing up to 4 meters long, appear as a result of this outwardly destructive event. the fires seem to be catastrophic, but nature demonstrates its creativity, both during the event and afterwards. we did not lose any species, and it is amazing how resilient our wildlife is when it comes to surviving fire. a period of plenty can even follow in the aftermath of a disaster, a phenomenon that is not limited to kangaroo island

the country of nepal lies on a false separating to tectonic plates. as one plate slides under another, pressure builds up and can be released in the form of an earthquake. even a medium sized quake can devastate vast areas and kill thousands. ah . whole towns are raised to the ground, but quakes also calls mud slides, bringing the country to a standstill. however, one part of the population takes this kind of disaster in its stride never at a loss for inspiration,

monkeys are ready to take advantage of the situation. the whole recess, mac acts are protected and flourish in the jungles around the city. they are regarded as holy animals by buddhists and hindus, but they are considered pests by the local farmers. having adapted to the influx of humans in the area, they are known for rating crops, a low effort, high benefit way of sourcing food. after a recent earthquake in the poll, troops of mac acts continued this behavior in urban settings where they headed into towns and rummaged through the rubble to find food. these freeloaders don't let catastrophic, quite stand in their way. for then, the tremor has merely created

a new opportunity max, one of the most successful primate species on the planet after humans, to take what they want and escape quickly. they have develop pouches in their cheeks that let them store food while they transport it. so they can eat it later. these mac acts are also not restricted to one type of food. they can adapt to the resources available, putting them in a much better situation when disasters hit and destroy their habitual food sources . and switching food sources and the ability to store food or fat are essential for thriving after a cataclysm. having escaped the mass extinction of its dinosaur ancestors,

one common bird continues to demonstrate its ability to survive. co i is one of the largest of the hawaiian islands. it is covered in tropical forest high mountains, crystal clear rivers and sandy beaches. but despite its delica appearance, the island is sometimes hit by storms with unexpected results. in 92 the same time they filmed that movie, jurassic park,

a hurricane came through called a nicky. and a nicky blue these chickens into the air and they wound up you know, landing wherever anna had starting a new families and stuff. and before and nikki, there was no chickens around. but since that one storm in $92.00 it so it's infestation or chickens. in steven spielberg's film, a huge storm allowed marauding bloodthirsty dinosaurs to break free and terrorized the island while in real life. hurricane a nicky allowed the islands domesticated chicken population to fly the kook and live according to their women's clothes. but they're not the 1st birds to find freedom on this island. red jungle fowl brought by the 1st polynesians, had already made their home in co eyes,

mountains. the free domesticated chickens. and while jungle fowl into bread to form a whole new breed of chicken, the feral chickens of co, i an entire population of domestic animals returning to the wild is a highly unusual occurrence. but the federal chickens have grabbed the opportunity with both feet and have adapted very quickly to the urban environment of the island . a most of the locals seem happy to share the island with their feathered neighbors. and no matter where you go, if you go back up into the mountains and in the jungle, there's chickens there. and if you go everywhere, you go to wal mart will be chickens. on the island, this new breed of chickens is equally at home in the jungle. and the city biologist eben gearing and his colleagues have come to co,

i to study this unusual bird population. lori space for you, why quite mix has agreed. i, natural lab for our studies is that we have a historical context for when these populations began exchanging genes. so we know about how many generations have you lab since those storm events. and since this population underwent an exponential increase in the size, the number of individuals. now in this case we have domestic birds that we've kind of now gotten back into natural conditions. they've been breeding, waive the kind of the native re jungle fowls. so when you have a process known as farrah lies ation, whereby a domestic population suddenly has to re, acclimatized, has to adjust to these no more natural conditions. so has this led to a chicken population explosion? even the experts can only guess all you can see that. yeah, that,

that the number of birds is dramatically increasing. the island is very, very hard to go through the i current population sensors. if i was forced to estimate maybe 10000 or going to say 10000 and some are going to say a 1000000. and yeah, my, my guess is, would be somewhere in between those numbers. however many chickens, there actually are the birds like the dinosaurs in jurassic park. we're able to take advantage of a major meteorological event and make a bid for freedom. return to the wild. it seems though, remain free for the foreseeable future. recent years have seen a marked increase in natural disasters around the world. experts predicts that global warming will lead to rising sea levels, supercharge storms, prolonged droughts and heavier precipitation.

on kangaroo island in australia, peggy ris miller believes that increase lightning strikes will cause more fires in the islands future. how that will affect the ecosystem will be really interesting because fire is natural and fire has not devastated the ecosystems, but it has changed ecosystems. and i think with global warming and with more fires, the ecosystems will survive. and it will be interesting to see what adaptations happen. but there certainly be here in the future. life on kangaroo island has evolved over millions of years to cope with fires. but it remains to be seen if nature elsewhere will be able to cope with a sudden change in the climate. certainly, humans have a lot to learn from the natural world as our planet changes. if we look closely at

how nature has adapted, we can take inspiration from examples of survivors resilience and successes with with

who is written more than 100 titles. stephen king, the grand master of horror. he's won numerous major writing awards, but not the nobel prize for literature. we want to know why not,

and to wish him a happy 75th birthday party 21. 32 . we love euro. we love diversity and the thing unusual. no mountain is too high. no road is too long. in search of the extraordinary we are the specialists of lifestyle, europe. ah, in 90 minutes on d. w. ah. the landscape, a reflection of a turbulent history. the cities,

the mosaic of different people and languages. the ron's mountains reveal unparalleled beauty. ah, a special look at a special country he loan from above. start september 16th on d, w. ah, i am the rain forest. i watched them grow up here. they've left, but they've always come back. yes, they always come back. for my trees. there would my plans, their medicines for my beauty, their escape. ah,

i've always been there. and i have been more than sometimes if i gave it all. no god for ever. but humans are so smart, so smart. such big brains and opposable thumbs. they know how to make things amazing things. now, why would they need an old forest like me, any jungle? trees? well, they do breathe air and i make air. have they sold our shoes? so smart bill, figure it out. she humans making air. that'll be

fun to watch. boy with business detail the news live from berlin. britain's charles, the 3rd is proclaimed king a succession to the throne as formerly analyses ceremony.