much to you it easy though real goal of architecture is to create habitat for humans about their struggles and dreams defined responsibility is hugely have so much to lose. ah, shuddering the glass ceiling women in architecture dismiss has to be really, really good stuart september 30th on d. w. creating a green oasis inside a road tunnel. what can this experiment teach us about making cities more livable plus stress in the city? what effect distress hop on our brains and good mood, food come what you eat, make you happier. feeling hungry to learn more. ah,

welcome to you. tomorrow to day d, w. science shack. jamming a meal with others is usually an enjoyable experience in its own right. and that's healthy eating together regularly helps us avoid getting overweight according to a major study. ah. but what about when we eat alone? some types of for you to believe to lift all moved. but if you're thinking of crisps or desert, thinks gem ah, for psychological balance and well being. comfort foods like these might not be the best option, says nutritionist, martina lama, i and mundane and let us talk. he will always think that sugar makes you happy. he

wondered, but anyone who's ever been in a hypoglycemic state will tell you they were anything but happy. that's because i'm after a quick sugar high comes the crash than you get by tempered and irritable eating a lot of sugar will make that happen with him. in order of past the 30 up to let's glue. plaster is often seen as a happy food path, but in the body in white pastor is biochemically nothing more than sugar is the quickest carbohydrate molecules. and the white flower are quickly broken down into sugar molecules and absorbed angie, which gives you a blood sugar spike. and a crush making you feel hungry and irritable, to pass that on to to go to struggle addison at hotmail. it is closer to a happy food because it contains the amino acid trip to fun with which the body uses to make the happy hormone, serotonin. but chocolate often has a lot of sugar, which again, causes a crash on the amount of trip to fine is so small, it's almost negligible newton could. serotonin is one of the substances that plays

a key role in happiness. alongside many other neurotransmitters and hormones that circulate the brain and influence on mood, alongside serotonin feelings of happiness can come from dopamine, norepinephrine oxytocin and endorphins. but how do we get them into our bloodstream and our brain by eating foods that contain the building blocks that make them as the gold power stein of the building blocks of many of these hormones and neurotransmitters are amino acid life. and amino acids are also the building blocks of protein which is out here and talk of man are preferably, you should eat a small portion of high quality protein with every meal. cortinez. high quality protein includes fish, poultry, meat, eggs, cheese and legumes. but eating the, this is only half of the process,

the middle is a cover yet to create hormones i, our body doesn't just leave the building along with the amino acids. it also needs a few tooth in the form of vitamins and minerals on vitamin c. regimen be fixed magnesium, folic acid, and i and i are going to making serotonin for instance, that these so called co factors are usually found in plant based foods. pistachios and sunflower. seeds are packed with vitamin b, 6 berries, and bell peppers provide with him and c. folic acid is found in green beans and fresh herbs. there's magnesium in pumpkin seeds, pine nuts, and go to mineral water. ion is found in oats and lindsay, but also in all kinds of meats. fats like oils also play an important role. studies have shown that they have a big impact on, on mood. some of the most important are omega 3 fatty acids, like alpha lynn,

alina acid, a coast to techy, and no acids and doe coast, the hex a no acid. these not only help the body fight inflammation, they've also been shown to help with low mood and depression. high levels of omega 6 fatty acids like a racket, donek acid, on the other hand, have been found in the blood. and brain of patients with depression and anxiety disorders was provided for all. this means we should eat more. if the good omega 3 fatty acid had found in oily fish like salmon back, mackerel and sardines, and also in linseed oil and algae oil. and that we should limit omega 6 fatty acids that counteract omega 3. i fair common in sunflower, oil and processed meat. i bacon and sausage in flight poodle v finest. back order was pump as also potential happiness locked sides. saturated fats often demonized

because they contain collateral. but we need kill astro, for example in the formation of cell membranes. and the body can use it to produce victim, indeed, which in turn is needed to make dope, amin, the hormone that allows us to feel pleasure and motivation. cholesterol is found in dairy products, light cheese, butter, and whole milk in coconut oil and eggs. and in fatty meets including poultry and fish. and it's also needed in another area. color saline of m collette still is very important because it's a precursor to vicki on d and all our sex hormones like eastern and testosterone via that are also linked to good moods. of with good of the multitude luly good mood, food is best prepared using fresh ingredients because studies have shown that the less processed and fresh the food is that goes into our daily diet. the better it

is for our mental health. mm hm. in stressful situations, we tend to tend to fast food to fatty or sugary treats for comfort. scientific studies have shown that we ought to a calorie rich consumables. stress is experienced by city dwellers every day. and that affects the brain. the psychiatrist mazda ugly is researching exactly what impact it has depending but fell off. mom, i can draw that for you when he is, and i think those are the inner workings, hon. the i looked aisle and here's the a medulla, which is where emotions stress and threats are processed for alberto and the bigger the city in which you live, the more active leave out of this region react with stress. if that is into your

month lipped vac mean city dwellers brains are extremely sensitive distress and i got another young here there and then there's another region here. you're got the ford anterior or fronting single it cortex. it also processes stress and emotions are bad. but if you want, if you go and it reacts more strongly in people who don't just live in a big city, but also grew up their city dwellers brains, therefore are almost programmed for stress. despite that, not every urban dwellers get sick, the body seems capable of balancing stress well. to investigate that, mazda oddly and his team have used an m r i machine to analyze the brains of city dwellers while putting them in a truly stressful situation. his test subjects were given math problems with a mischievous twist. they weren't solvable in the allocated time,

and they were showered with negative feedback full on stress. then the research team looked at the environment in which the test subjects lived. did that influence stress levels within india that would look and guns carry in by the, in this experiment that we see extremely clear signs in the i'd that the proportion of green space around where someone live soccer field plays a big role and have active the brain areas are in that regulate emotion, what swollen and help balance stress and stress. also glycogen health. and can, we can say the group is in the green or the living environment to the more active the brain regions that regulate stress. like leven hood like you on a simply having plenty of trees and parks near your house is enough to guard against long term stretch. they also act as social spaces that help combat loneliness. they promote contact with others and encourage people to look around

and linger. that's why mazda ugly recommends more green spaces for cities, but only ones that encourage communication. too often ugly plantings and sad green spaces are found between dreary apartment blocks. no one wants to stick around there. because financial concerns often dominate construction plans. the area around houses is rarely of much interest, but it's the city planners responsibility to change that new studies. i've found out that even small green spaces between apartment blocks or many parks like this encourage social interaction. there's always time for a little chat here. and projects like this are even better when neighbors take over green spaces together. urban gardening is a trend that helps counteract stress and loneliness. there are now open gardens

like this in cities, the world over my big city dwellers are all say more exposed to another problem, more than mice, appellation from fine particulate matter. road traffic is mainly to blame. particulate matter describes the dust or liquid droplets, but is suspended in the air. particles that are smaller than 10 micro meters are classified as fine particulate matter. they can impact our house because they penetrate deep into our lungs. scientists are asking whether more green re in the city could help me. dumb stance. city tunnel is a surprising sight. biologist, killian lincoln and landscape architect kitty and fun. leah have created a mini jungle made possible by u. v. lamps and artificial irrigation. the isaac soon followed others,

indiana mc, yes is really crazy. number here is an extreme location is extremely high air pollution and the tunnel that's been the case to the last few years. and we're trying to find out here what influence these plants and systems in the tunnel can have on the reduction of particulate matter until nitrogen oxides take oxy that up? so they hope that the plants can absorb particulate matter and other air pollutants . and perhaps even break them down via them metabolism. you can even see how large particles a court fast by the leaves. the tunnel experiment also aims to show how resilient the plant saw idea after a year's growth glucose developed. under the wall, looks great. the city of damage that hopes it will reduce appellation, but it's not an easy task. this is the reason oh, fondest influence. we're making quite an effort that's true. but particulate matter

is very damaging to the body. even small doses under the harmful limit or damaging to the human body rather than some food with forensic rubber. it's still not clear whether the plants reduce pollution, kilian fund. leah takes regular samples to see what the plants absorb and which if any pollutants they collect. your last week we analyzed the pakenio and a swiss log killer war. the off mama, microscope images showed that the plants actually do absorb particulate matter. they act like a filter, as other studies have also shown, if it goes well, this experiment with the green particulate matter filter in the dark tunnel will be repeated above ground. ah, at the bavarian center, she replied, energy were such a team, tests by the plants can cool a house. facade, temperature senses in front of and behind the wall measure. any difference

cooling for houses is increasingly important as cities experience hotter and hotter summers due to climate change. the team use a thermal imaging camera to illustrate any cooling effects, and it actually shows a clear difference on the to some baked rules. the plants on the surface of cooled it down by a whole 15 degrees through evaporation had in my house the average homeowners. it's still not really viable just now, especially if the house is already built receive. the goal is to integrate this oil into new houses at the building phase, so that you can maybe leave out to certain facade features and save money that way . come and go. i'm spawn, green facades could mean there's no need for air conditioning. the team is also investigating where the green walls can bring a bit of nature to the city. a rich variety of plants attracts insects. who in turn

draw predators like the bush cricket. a small bio type with its own food chain seems to have appeared on the test facade ecologist to deter miles bag is surprised by how much he finds in the walls. p square meters. mr. ink doses strand. i think it's a huge gain for urban living spaces, but makes a real contribution to biodiversity. beauty was a table. a study in singapore even showed that the variety of species on the green facade of a skyscraper was rich ethan, that in a neighboring park, a little slice of nature in this city. lights more stop cities around the world getting really dark at night. that can disrupt the buyer, rhythm of humans and other creatures. it can also obscure a fascinating spectacle in off skies, scoop egg light, all night glide. the ad satisfy consists of various layers. the lowest level of the

troposphere is about 12 kilometers. it's thickest above that is the stratosphere, which reaches up to about 50 kilometers. then as the masses fair and the thermos bear, the very uppermost layer is called the axis spare. the magical phenomenon that we're going to tell you about next is formed in the thermos fair and massive sphere. it mainly occurs when some light slits oxygen molecules into individual atoms. when the electronically excited oxygen atoms recombine, they release energy. and that's visible as green light. from space, the anglo can be seen as a small illuminated bond high above our planets. back down on earth. it's not quite as easy to observe on the ascent at dusk, tight rowley and spent filling

a and norbert barn are going to spend the night on the mountain. i dare say if it's a magical night, very dry. yesterday snowed burnt, and i want to go up to look for the air glue or in german, the magical light of the night sky, bacteria site. ever since they discovered a green glow in one of their photos. about 7 years ago. they've been trying to photograph the air glow phenomenon. at 1st they thought there was a technical problem with the camera. but now they know the air blow was another form of the northern light, but it can be observed in central europe to be experienced. stargazers also photograph other celestial phenomena like stars, interstellar gas, nebula, and galaxies. today, they are hauling 90 kilos of equipment to 1600 meters above sea level.

it's a real grind. besides, i'm, we to insignificant human beings under this canopy of stars, sensing the universe with these 5 or 6 things we might discover. i don't think there's anything more magical in the world. the pair go to great lengths to capture the best possible images of the stars on spending in the night out in the mountains in winter is an adventure when they arrive at the frozen and snowy open band lake, nor batch bon and bent willinger set up their equipment, a tripod with a computer controlled motor. the motor guides the telescope so that it compensates for the motion of the earth and contract objects moving in the sky. even if they are millions of like years away. lou social to take action also follows the x axis at axis. that's their sexes. come out, run smoothly, and no,

you can set an object 50. that's the 2nd axis. that's the one there. and in for can record a moment. there we can take an object from the sky in this case, the moon, more the more to run smoothly. we close at once, close at twice on this kind of now we can observe as again of them all directly organize the moon. really, there is the again, i or the morning exactly on form in order in orbit men orbit until it set an over there is the summit angle. but to night they have something very special planned for the moon. you get a long night. this is defense ins, fixed into the height of the smoke night. we really want to observe the entire air glue of the night, sky glow. that's the reason fight. we went up a little but bound to night tried to catch 2 or 3 other highlights in the sky, usually than one of them is the moon set at the summit cross and difficult to get him in the boat. we always go until mountains to take a picture so that we can avoid all the smoke and light pollution. then the moon still dominates the night sky,

nor batch bon wants to capture the exact moment when it sets behind the mountains at around 1 o'clock in the morning. in the meantime, the temperature is dropped to minus 10 degrees, but you stargazers climb into their warm suits and use anything they can to keep themselves warm, including heated socks. the cold is good for the camera because it means there was less image distortion on the processor, and the image is become clearer and sharper. the time has finally come. the moon is about to set. the camera needs to be aligned precisely so that it disappears directly behind the summit. cross of the open bag tubal down about 2 and a half kilometers away. will it work on jojo, please look. i'm a giant cross small wagon now leo. oh, super right on the summit, cross and blown away from her. good mister joe doesn't get any better than this. does it hang music to dreamer?

yeah. awesome. at that all. this is the home of the help. i think i've been trying to calculate that somehow the whole morning cracked and i've got to type of astronomy software. you or i can lay the panorama over the software. so exactly this area from the open burn lake. i tried that for 2 or 3 hours on the 57 meters back and forth. and then by chance, i found a point where i could catch the summit cross and it was all. and then i shifted the position until we got it spot on object. and function it ah, the moon pictured behind the summit, cross a real highlight for the 2 photographers. finally, it becomes dark enough to begin the search for the air glow, the night sky light of the mead latitudes. they don't need a telescope to do this. instead, they are using a highly sensitive professional camera with a special wide angle lens sketson's over 20 seconds. they expose the image and search for the green glow. the skull clog on disappointment,

lots of stars, but no air glow. this is completely clear. it's collected from monica and it's that been them. i misled, i'll hold my leg, but it will alley from the vice most the northern lights that are a few ups that tell you if there is strong light radiation on a particular day. yeah. can you see more of an aurora? there's no art for the air glue yet, keep sicily, it's not yet truly understood. white shines in this direction and there's no forecast for it. you just have to try it out a bit more often unclaimed the modes and was mumble housebroken lifter of a bucket. but they have photographed the air glo before. in the meantime, scientists have figured out how it's created. uv radiation causes oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the upper atmosphere to glow. but what remains a mystery is why the air glow only appears at certain times

nor that spawn and then drilling of hope to find out the conditions under which the phenomenon appears. meaning they will be spending many more nights to come out in the mountains. if our blood is red, y a now over to you, do you have a question about science? then send us a video, a text or voice message. if we answer your question on the program will send you a little surprises. a thank you. come on. just ask this week's question comes from last year, my shadow montero from brazil. why is the universe talk soon? i'm milky way alone consists of hundreds of billions of stars. and there are countless other galaxies out there to 10 times more than previously thought. in

fact, as the hubble space telescope has shown, that means we should see stones shining everywhere in the sky. and yet the night sky above us looks dog firstly, because the intensity of light decreases sharply with distance. stars which are far away appear as tiny dots in the night sky. rather like sky lanterns do when flying off high into the air. and secondly, because ever since its birth with the big bang, the universe has been expanding from us, we can only observe a tiny part of the universe. many stars are so far away that their light is yet to reach us light from on neighboring galaxy. andromeda

needs 2 and a half 1000000 years to get here, and in cosmic terms, andromeda is just around the corner. thirdly galaxies, a not just made up of stars. they also include clouds of gas and dust. these blocks the light emitted by stars behind them. and fourthly, space is not only expanding, but doing so at increasing speeds. the further away the galaxies, the faster they fly away from us. with expanding space, the night waves emitted by stars change shifting their light towards wavelengths in the infra red, which can't be seen by the human eye. the european planck spacecraft has detected light created shortly after the big bang and which is found across the entire universe today. this image shows the several 1000000000 year old relic radiation in

the microwave wavelengths made visible here. light that our eyes cannot see. that's why for us the universe is dog. that's all from tomorrow to day. thanks for joining us to see you next time and remember, don't stop asking questions with ah, with

ah. with 277 percent. for many young people in nigeria, the picture does not mean to look good. more people are using drop anywhere else in the wealth. we're on the ground at asking if it's possible to wait for the war on drugs, you got to push it to death because that legislation,

opinion opinion about the toys begin object, good that percent. as someone go in 30 minutes isn't on d w. yeah. oh sure. i'm you can that i think that's hard and in the end they send me, you're not locked up to you anymore. we will send you back. are you familiar with this reliance of the what's your story? a. ready he wasn't, i was women, especially a victims of violence, seen a lot of them take part and send us your story. we are trying always to understand this new culture. so you are not a visitor, not the guests. you want to become

a citizen in so migrants your platform for reliable information by grant habitat ended the listening place of longing, the mediterranean sea scene of l muster, and to far a dual career drift along exploring modern lifestyles and the editor rainy's ready to lead journey this week on d, w. mm hm.

ah ah, this is the w news line from berlin you credit accuse is russia of launching another attack of civilian infrastructure as strikes leaf, a thermal power plant in flames in the eastern city of hockey, if applied to the region into darkness. this is ukrainian forces make more territorial gains in that counter offensive in the east. also on the program, sweden's.