[000:00:00;00] ah ah, what people have to say matters to us, but me, that's why we listen to their stories. reporter every weekend on d w. we're all set with a to go beyond all vs with all in. as we take on the world. we're all about the stories that matter to

whatever take eastman following w on fire made for mines. are you ready to get a little more extreme with these places in europe are smashing all the records. stepped into a bold adventure. just don't lose your grip. it's the treasure map for modern globetrotters, discover some of europe's wykard breaking sites on google, youtube, and now also in book form. for a wind is the driving force behind our weather. it's part of what turns a sunny day into a stormy one. but climate change is altering wind patterns, given to vans,

winds will change as temperatures rise in stagnant and such. one in the united states. hurricanes are getting more powerful, devastating ever larger areas. whether disasters are also becoming more common in europe, in part because climate change is affecting the jet stream, strong winds 10 kilometers above the ground. the just seems like it guys is a high way for storms in the high altitude winds are affected by arctic temperatures. and recent developments are alarming man, vice, do we know that wind winds increased so to extreme weather events, fun extreme, but it does at once you on a shifting wind patterns pose

a threat. ah, wind is the motion of air triggered by differences in temperatures and air pressure . multiple studies have found the wind speeds of winter storms are getting faster. increasing by up to 5 percent in central europe. storms are also lasting, longer and wreaking more havoc than before. that effect is clearly observed in our forests. in the last 30 years, 17 percent of the protective canopy in european forests has disappeared. in part because of storms getting more powerful and causing extensive damage. like here in the eastern german state of mecklenburg, western pomeranian lycos shoots and motus johnson are looking at a group of conf. forest trees in the wake of the storm heavy rains and hurricane

force winds from the atlantic snapped trees while knocking down and uprooting others. extreme summers are compounding the problem. the heat takes a toll on the trees, making them more vulnerable to insects. once the trunks are infested, they become brittle and more susceptible to storm damage. it's a vicious cycle. the fallen logs must be removed from the forest or else they'll become breeding grounds for insects. deadwood cannot defend itself. so pests can easily eat into the bark and multiply healthy trees that aren't under heat stress can produce resin and bend off attacks. and even the clock is clearly a jewel beetle. what is this cloud like pattern? in contrast to longhorn beetle or the address

a well defined different from the bark beetle guns under the temple. classic example, just yet textbook. down here that you will be the larva north. dar, this is an insect that would benefit from climate change because it loves heat and can locate weak damaged trees from about 20 kilometers away. no matter they're multiplying for mosh over climate change is triggering a dangerous chain. reaction in our forests, rush to onboarding and close it. ordinarily, this storm would create the ideal conditions for pest infestation. because now there's all this breeding material for the insects. or at least there would be if we weren't here follows that we had a similar situation in october 2017 with storm xavier and her back then there wasn't enough time to clean it up off our button outside in the spring, there were still some of this material left over on and then when the back bill was emerged around april and may they found the right temperatures and material to

breed. you can imagine what happened against a fog of i lost them in order to save the forests. storm debris must be removed quickly. but this requires more machinery and more personnel. in southwestern france, the winds sweep up the atlantic coast unimpeded workers in the town of su lock, so a man regularly clear sand off the streets. the sand must then be returned to the beach during winter storms. it plays a crucial protective roll when the waves crash relentlessly into the coast. the effect of rising sea levels can also be seen here. in 2014, a series of winter storms brought waves that were a meter high. this apartment block was in danger of being swallowed by the sea. since then,

the town has installed artificial brake waters and raised the dikes. but that hasn't solved the problem. researchers believe that the top speeds of storms will be even higher here in the future. every spring, the regions coastal observatory inspects the damage from the winter season. let's go there and set up to lie a little bit of a til marble dough and his colleagues are installing their measuring equipment at the beach and b r. it's they pair their base station to a satellite using gps. it measures the exact location of the device as well as its distance from sea level them as your phone. this is that escal engquist here the measurements have become necessary because our coastline changes drastically every year. just gotten likely to shift the threatening the coastline and some spots are ya know, i stole down new army that ha, these regular measurements

a critical to truck, the changes, and if they kept, our data provides a solid foundation for planning and risk management and endanger stretches of coastline, they're looking kind of this is your match on them in as know, just organized. mm hm. and my offshore rocks help protect the beach on this stretch of the coast. still the potency of storms has long since been a problem as has the rising sea level during strong storms. sections of the cliffs simply break off. ready the beach is battered by 2 opposing forces. the wind carries the sand away, blowing it inland, and storm surges wash the sand toward the sea. the beaches are becoming shallower by several millimeters each year. slowly leveling out with the sea level.

soon idea what they don't get when we have a storm of to storm with heavy rainfall as we did recently in december. some danny, we see major movements along the coast lines via victo small take us to potations that accelerates the ground movements even further. yes. and for the price of professional on polano, milan, ohio, and chris on call, i'm sure it's a combination of the sea, wind and rains that are all taking a toll and the basque coast allowed something when you're made speech, but i will not back shouldered you. total for that. as the beaches become shallower, the sea has an easier time working its way deeper and deeper into the cliffs. the sandy coastline is in danger of disappearing. protecting it against future storms would cost billions. good. okay, do they offices additional? they think will have to come to terms which relocating houses and people and then

more less the city of act on la lou at the moment. and also the legal and financial framework is lacking for such a solution. nazi hang them all day while met, one of the solution may also be off the animal curse them. it's becoming evidence that living safely on the coast will only be possible if nature is given more leeway. what that means is we have to retreat further off of i think that's realistic. you'd probably lost australian dollar gyal in, at the potsdam institute for climate impact research. scientists are investigating how climate change impacts are, whether what is the relationship between extreme heat waves, relentless rainfall and powerful storms. epi, ruthie, and stefan of om stove are studying shifting wind patterns. and now we have seen some changes. and actually what we have seen is very much dependent on the region and the season. so for example, for winter, we do see

a strengthening of the storm tracks as facing over north western europe. in summer we see the opposite that we see a weakening of the stone tracks given to vantage. winds will change as temperatures rise and because the earth doesn't get warmer simultaneously or uniformly everywhere, life may assist you either on and the driving force for winds. a temperature differences between different regions, fission for sheet and of a yawn on to a fungi is that it's quite clear that wind conditions will also change due to global warming on the south. and this will of course, impact people off dimension ah, the driving force for our weather operates at about 10000 meters above the ground. high altitude wind is created when warm air masses flow from the equator to the colder north. the earth's rotation directs these air masses around the globe from west to east. a 1st wind band is formed near the sub tropics. a 2nd

stronger band forms around the 60th parallel. it draws its power from the temperature difference between warm air from the south and cold air from the north pole. this north polar jet stream drives low and high pressure areas across our latitudes. but researchers have discovered that the jet stream is slowing down. they are, the creed, jones has been warming fast there in low level, so near the surface of the earth compared to the rest of the globe. so rapidly these means that this temperature gradient, so the differences of temperature between the poles and the quatre becomes smaller compared to that, asked to the normal. and when we have smaller differences, these would mean we can weans and weaker that streams the arctic. it's become 3 degrees warmer just the last 50 years. that's a far swifter pace than the rest of the planet. since the start of industrialization,

earth's temperature has risen about 1 point one degrees. on spits, begun meteorologist mario moto, really of the alfred vega institute is researching what's leading to the accelerated warming and what effects it's having. she also coordinates all the scientific work being conducted here at the joint french german station. 2 years fortune in research in the arctic has become more important to keep in part because climate change is more pronounced in the arctic than in other regions of the world . it when t and t and alison's. it's possible to measure and document the effects of warming in different areas, as well as study the individual processes to document you know, the answer and puts as a to him does. mm hm. no addison in western spits bergen is the world's northernmost settlement. it's an important place for climate research. 11 nations have research facilities here. the french german bases observatory has many

different instruments. matter really has already documented the 1st consequences of the rising temperatures and persona in vinto in the winter months, especially the air cons to coming more frequently from the south. austin, there is now more warm and humid, a coming from the mid latitudes cousin mitzi. this impacts precipitation and the clouds that form here. it's also altering the local climate which is concerning the schema. here for aught on this is visitors having i'll fill the balloon with gas as observatory, engineer. speaker gotta helps with various studies at the arctic station. every day at 12 p, m, she launches a balloon with a probe that sends back weather data. much really uses the data to determine how rising arctic temperatures affect the jet stream. to gain

a comprehensive understanding of the effects of global warming at various altitudes, balloons are launched simultaneously from different locations around the world. they fly up to 30 kilometers high before they're rubber bursts. for minute, miss holmes, these crucial for my research. it is, it's the only way to get measurements 30 kilometers oft on and the height resolution is very high as well as a deb, i don't like the balloon rise is 5 meters per 2nd and take some measurement every 2nd fish. we get a reading every 5 meters, other devices can't do that, and i'm going to him moto release measurements. clearly show that the jet stream has changed. oh, changes to wind patterns. inevitably impact earth's living beings in a forest near the village of cheese, a lies one of the most important bird research centers in france.

ah o v vi. miss kish regularly sets off from here on expeditions to the planet's most remote regions. for years he's been going to the kazi islands off the coast event, arctica to study albatrosses at a breeding colony where they raised their offspring in 2012. he made a discovery on and then he's only doing the i don't after analyzing the long term data, which we've collected over 20 years of observing these birds. we know this changes in the movement, patterns of albatrosses course or called it up. we also noticed the birds were having more success, reproducing. oh, good on here. those, you know, what, even the average weight of the birds had changed depending on average, the adult birds wait about one kilogram more than 2 decades prior, even though they hadn't increased in size. the population of albatrosses in the

breeding colony also changed with more checks, surviving each year. the researchers only discovered the reason for these developments after analyzing the regions, whether data from the past 20 years of it, se dunbar before the change in wind conditions is why it has deval at them. we could prove that the flight speed of the albatrosses had increased and i go month, i showed them or says you to the high wind speeds. the birds flew significantly fast us us up our meal and their weight increased to do again you. they spend less energy foraging because they found the same amount of food and less time at all. that's why they gained weight. the albatross is benefited from a westerly wind flow that had shifted further toward the south pole due to rising temperatures. it was a chance discovery that proved for the 1st time how profoundly changing winds

affect life on earth or that into the off at the us did a google but until then the impact of climate change on animal behavior was completely underestimated called dr. morgan, then you might look the fact that it could change the speed of an animal species movement, especially surprised us players shot on all icky they not on the drastic effects of changing wind patterns are already being felt by german farmers. the interaction between rainy and dry phases has become more erratic. farmers have to increasingly deal with crop failures. rama yon written back now relies on plants that can cope with freak weather events. the lupina had an osgood site as war. lupin has excellent root grocer. 5 ward, so they're showing it stretches downward with a top root and can unlock water reserves that allude other plants, plants in for bar. i'm glad i was,

i deem it also helps improve the cell structure so that other plants contrived to. and then val foyer and oh, good. so they come on in their tod was, in fact, last year, which was her 2nd extremely dry year lupin give us top eels despite it being so dry that paper and all the others, especially the grain essentially failed for him. to get hyder arden's and fast on climate change has long since arrived in the heart of europe. but for farmers who still doubted that fat, the heat wave in the summer of 2018, opened their eyes to the harsh reality. wind didn't drive rain clouds over their fields for weeks. yeah. there's got to. yeah, yeah you, i think we've been discussing climate issues and the advent of extreme weather events for a long time. what is god? yeah, and unfortunately there were still people who didn't want to believe it or a florida, but i think that was a wake up call for everyone. think that the situation was getting worse. that's

meant that weather conditions had changed and we had to adapt on styles. i innovation yon bitten bag in lower saxony already began adjusting to these changes years ago. new gave out, we may have, i'll have a cloud for over 20 years because i'm convinced that no, til farming is better for the soil, the plants on the system the same as the current battery. so for lighting x, it can manage extreme rainfall, better with ground infiltration infinity, yet water can travel down through those vertical corridors. sinking deep into the soil, an indy t for in borden, i'm putting on some unknowns. we don't experience as much erosion for wind and water mix up transports yet become while the lupin has just been sown, the rape seed fields are in full bloom. bitten bags, goal is to extend the harvest as long as possible. the missive has organs and so we have to try to adapt under. that means we may have to adjust

a crop rotations will cultivate other crops. and most importantly, cultivate many different types of crops. was i van on dime it we must increase diversity so that we spread the risk as high as the risk is lowered when diversity is greater. if you fire growth other are extreme summers in germany, a result of changes in the arctic morgan, my to really is seeking the answers to that question on spits back in where the weather is much too good for researchers liking. in past september's, it was often above 0 degrees celsius 2. but the difference in the past was that the fjord was rarely completely free of ice. those times are now over. even in winter, it no longer freezes over. mutter really and her team are on their way to another measuring station here. the scientists filter and analyze particles

driven in by the wind air pollutants show us just how connected when systems are around the world as foot o p officially. so we measure pollutants here that the wind has carried a great distances yet foot feeder mate invent. no truly fits in this illusion from industrial regions in or even from siberian forest. fires reach the arctic and can be measured here. and this year miss, bah, ah, the next stop is a glacier on the bays eastern shore. this is where the ice in the fjord comes from, but it's continuing to break away. the glaciers on land are also retreating. as a result, the sea levels rising, but compared to the south pole, the masses of glacial ice here at the north pole are small matter, really considers the disappearance of the ice cover on the oceans to be even more serious. and us me,

i asked when sea ice retreats and covers less of the ocean. it exposes more of the water surface study. that means less sunlight is reflected simply because there's no white surface to do sat monday room. instead, you have the dark water surface absorbing the heat and further warming, the ocean atmosphere, system theatre. that's a feedback loop would cope it. also, the exposed water surface is conducive to more evaporation into the atmosphere. feel that means the atmosphere becomes more humid and wumer overall washed, that impacts cloud formation among other things. and there again is that feedback loop. so the climate gets warmer. victo, who does the ski moses? i found yet another reason the arctic is getting warmer but doesn't really affect the jet stream. at the alpha, vega institute and pottstown climate scientists are processing the data from the arctic and creating models they're calculating. if what's happening there is

accelerating climate change. meteorologist dirty handoff also studies the sea ice and the arctic by analyzing satellite photos. just us me eyes we can see from these curves that the sea ice is decreasing relatively continuously un deason calden than via d. if we look at individual years through the lens of any given month eisen and jaga for heat, and so here, for example, the values in september men, we see that the sea ice is d crazy. since the late 19 seventy's side and the seed cigar yahoo! and this negative trend is about 13 percent per decade via i'd some good st paul d cod without sea ice in the north pole region. the arctic continues to warm at a much faster pace due to handoff has factored this trend into climate models and

is studying what that means for the jet stream, the a hum good site. thus, we shown that reductions in arctic sea ice cover can impact the jet stream clean cut and dim via that. so in less less c, eyes cover, the jet stream weakens in light winter dead generously and blocking weather patterns can occur more frequently. keon of the lung often. blocking weather patterns occur because the slowed down jets dream is no longer flowing as tightly around the earth. it's loops increase in size and come to a standstill. as a result, high pressure or low pressure areas remain over a region for longer than usual. the red, high and blue low pressure areas are not alternating as they once did, which can result in extreme weather events. such fluctuate sions and the jet stream have always existed. but the potsdam researchers have proven that climate change

can trigger them with catastrophic consequences. as captain guns clang it says, among fission, there's a very clear connection between the jet stream and extreme weather events. i and for example, there's sometimes a phenomenon where very strong lube star vibrations in the jet stream from north to south in font stop on the spot, even the done often. and that results in long lasting weather situations along unhide and, and, and depending on what that situation is, the boss, if it's rain, for example, and he can lead to flooding one on to event. and if it's a high pressure system overhead, he can lead to heat waves and drought. so it's event on to talking hyde feel on. we don't know yet whether those am weeks phases of their estates of the dead stream are becoming more frequent or different. however, what we can say is that even small changes in the dead stream, even if it is

a little weaker in summer, for example, could bring and this proportionate an ang, bucks on the surface and an extreme weather changes in wind patterns or a one catalyst of extreme heat waves and devastating droughts like those we saw in the summers of 20182019 high pressure systems stuck in the weakening jet stream. when low pressure areas are trapped in the jet stream, it can lead to steady and heavy rainfall. as was the case with the flooding does faster in germany's eiffel mountains in 2021. but when is a single weather event directly linked to climate change? in potsdam, at the german meteorological service font, kayane comp calculates these correlations. this new branch of science is called attribution research. yes, but since you've been a climate models, we 1st stimulate the situation as it is now as the reality of where we are as humans, and the changes we've brought about on the new mask that we take the same climate

model and simulated as if humans had 0 influencing fosco. in other words, that leader greenhouse gases, no land use, had changed somebody by and when we compare the results of the 2 models, we either see a change or we don't in kind of the 2021 flooding disaster in germany that resulted from heavy and continuous rainfall was one of the year's most severe weather events . attribution researchers use their comparative models to assess the incident. the chemo, when the hot climate change played a role in the events that triggered the flash flooding in the r valley and aft river, he was 100 caught. it increased to probability by a factor of $1.00 to $9.00 compared to pre industrial times. could see that's why we can't give an exact number because the information is not the precise. but you can draw an example from it after a currently, this occurs every 400 years. and if we take a number between 1.2 to 9, namely the number 5, it would have occurred if a 2000 years if it weren't for climate change. princeton university and the us

state of new jersey is one of the world's most prestigious research institutions. when it comes to understanding climate change, professor tom newson and his research group investigate hurricanes and how climate change is altering them. he also studies the consequences for people living in regions where hurricanes occur. more frequently we're expecting hurricanes are going to be more intense as the climate continues to warm. if not a huge effect. the size of that effect is something like 3 percent. now that 3 percent, ah, in wind speed, ah implies a greater percentage increase in damage by the way, because we think a damage from hurricanes goes up just linearly with wind speed but, but perhaps the as the 3rd power of the wind speed. so that really may indicate

something or like a 10 percent increase in wind damage potential. ah, new orleans in the state of louisiana. the debris lining the streets and the blue tarps are signs of a recent hurricane. exactly 16 years after katrina destroyed large parts of the city. another hurricane reeked havoc here. ida, a category for hurricane the 2nd highest designation, swept through the city at about 240 kilometers per hour. repairing the damage is a daunting task. ah, for d'artagnan stovall, august 29th 2021 marks the day he lost his home. he since moved in with his brother it's difficult to stay in here, look at it. and now they have so many memories, so much work that i did on the house of a family had been here since 1978. so it's been quite

a while as through as the only word i didn't really find to describe any of it. as you look at the other houses you think maybe i have some roof damage? oh, so funny baggage is my house. well, this is, this is unbelievable. the storm reached louisiana. on the morning of august 29th, meteorologists warned the danger, but evacuation was out of the question for many residents, including d'artagnan stovall. he remained at home, hoping the storm would pass he was upstairs when the wind hit his house, tearing it apart at the seams. he had to escape from the rubble. i'm

up in the air with a lot of it because i'm deciding if i stay in wallace, the entire process of her chain preparedness and gonna hunker and down are decided to go somewhere else. and they seem to be occurring more often and like this was the anniversary of katrina, the 16th anniversary and you just get tired of the process even when you don't get hit by the the prep to deal with it. louisiana got hit with a full force of ida, but experts think hurricanes will be even more destructive in the future. another effect that we're expecting out of hurricanes is an increase in the rainfall rates, because a warmer atmosphere holds more water vapor typically. so these hurricanes that are happening in this large scale environment where there's more water vapor in the hurricanes are converging this water vapor in toward the storm. so we expect that

to be about 7 percent increase in rainfall rates for every one degree celsius rise in the sea surface temperatures. hurricane ida is seen as the filling the prophecy of climate change. the storm moved along the east coast of the united states, bringing relentless rainfall more than 90 people died in lambert vill, new jersey. the rain caused a stream to burst its banks, transforming it into a raging torrent. the waters pushed the house of the separate low family off its foundation. the family of 4 had evacuated thanks to a storm warning to my left would be the children's room. my my, my daughter and my son would, would have been their rooms were right here. that's where the water 1st came in, hit and i pushed everything out from of the ground floor. we had

a large hardwood floor and it buckled into a v. and once the water came into the house, it pushed everything right out of there and right down the creek. the simple rulers, house has since been demolished. their neighbor's house was also unsalvageable. officials won't allow them to rebuild because the chance of a similar disaster is too high. the dangers of heavy rains brought on by future hurricanes or increasing the propagation speak of tropical storms and hurricanes over the us. land regions has decreased since 1900 when storms slow down, that means they're going to spend more time over in a given region. so a storm, it's going more slowly. you're going to have a greater accumulated rainfall in a region which leads again to

a more flood risk. the european organization for the exploitation of meteorological satellites in darmstadt, european whether services get their data from its satellites, which are a key source for monitoring whether palo rooty is the facilities chief scientist. he's working to improve forecasting, but his employees have only been able to measure the wind and space indirectly. we get very detailing formations on the infrared and visible channels. and we derive these information. we have different clouts at the fur high. and so we did to mind the movements of the clouds and from the movements of the cloud we've for the wind vectors. it's important because it gives to the malden the capacity to well positioned the storms and to well position the dynamics of the storms, or they move towards a certain part of the continent. so far,

satellite observations have revealed little about the jet stream, but a new measuring system is set to change that it's already being tested in space so that researchers can clean how high altitude wind influences the weather on earth. what is up to the surface and what is up and into to the thick thank you know, meters high are really extremely important to understand than to predict those systems. so are those are the areas where we would like to have more and more observations. and we have now kind of prototype who is already flies, which is called a oh no sir, one dead golda or of wind. so, and he's already giving, how's the possibility to understand these systems the european space agency develop the satellite and it's when measurement system a u. v laser scans,

the area between the satellite and the earth's surface. it uses the reflection of molecules beneath it to measure their speed. the satellite has been orbiting the earth since 2018 at the lightness institute for troposphere research in leipzig, holger boss, and sebastian bly regularly check the data from the eye. all the satellite stuff that these are last week's measurements can all, yes, i am kind of tied with think amazon is it's measurements, become available about 3 hours after a oldest pass is over any given region on indices that i say each of these rectangles represents a wind measurement taken by alice and alice measures about 30 kilometers from the ground up or visit. we can see blue colors and yellowish red colors. what you can see here on the scale, in this example, red colors show easterly wind and blue colors show westerly wind is indeed darker

rectangles indicate stronger wind. that dark blue strip represents the jet stream, or anything that is in it is a bit of color variation that visualized here quite nicely. beautiful. well, that's because there's a lot of turbulence. so it's difficult to take precise ground measurements from space aquatic missiles so much have a shallow with it. let's see with the radio. so on to measure to meth, not every friday, the satellite flies over lupsi. then the researchers launch a weather balloon outfitted with a measuring probe. how high up did it measure? i think missing the radio sound was 24 kilometers high. okay, good. and then it covered the entire altitude from the aisle as measurement addict exactly. the balloon probe in leipzig may take more precise measurements than a all this but only the satellite can provide comprehensive data on the jet stream . illness miss dale, this measures with a precision of 5 to 8 meters per 2nd and cloud free areas. and then if you know, you'll get a random error or in precision within those parameters, and that's perfectly fine for use. and whether models in the bottom would in the

german media, logical service, and often back here, scientists review a all this data from space and translated into weather forecasts. this is where alexander class 1st gained direct access to data about the jet stream with little funding. i, we use a all this in our global model in the jet stream drives the high and low precious systems on earth, especially in the northern hemisphere. the better we can predict the path of the jet stream, the better we can predict the path of low and high pressure systems, auto beacon for his audience. if the jet stream slows down, there could be a cluster of extreme weather events. this data should help better predict disasters in the future, allowing authorities to order

a vacuum patients earlier. the sink hole so shrieked flesh and think it's a big advantage to have comprehensive wind observations that we didn't have before . but the, let's take the last flight catastrophe, for example, home in india. next such events will increasingly affect us in the next 10 or 20 years via them. and the better and more accurately, we can measure the winds over the atlantic or the pacific. and so yeah, the sooner we'll be able to predict them and warn people like they said, well, he has on von the lloyd's with but merely predicting the weather conditions brought on by the changing winds is not enough. we also need to adapt in lower saxony. a long dry spell is battering the fields of organic farmer. yon written back is lupins aren't getting enough rain in the late summer. do you know the anti and escort these here? actually good. and then he's 3 and the other 3 haven't fully matured. this is for

your lack of water makes things difficult for all plans for life next the loop and handles, it's like a pro but yield less. i don't see if it's still a good product. oh, the market, if you remove the little ones, you'll still get full beautiful grains and it's good quality and suitable as food. but there's less of it. that's how it is the guy that nature cuts back when one fact to become scarce. lewis, and in this case it's water yet been i in fact or not, but he is just as water lupins are just one of 10 crops yon bitten bag is harvesting this year. he already harvested a great portion of his fields before the dry spell began. in general, he opposes irrigating fields, calling to one of the there's no question that some crops need targeted irrigation . but i think it's fundamentally wrong to react to this increasing water shortage by pumping in water artificially previously. so again, hiding ones that's making a fight. why does that dining congo and that leads to competition between drinking water and irrigation water?

you know, between the water that nature totally needs toy. yes. why? for last fall, we can't. so these problems by ramping up irrigation isn't a name because we don't you treat the symptoms in the short term unbecoming damage . we need to look for long term solutions and work with nature. it wasn't by the end of a long platform. so back home on commit to what's as, i'm of i back on spits, barragan's, beaker, gotta and mark on my to really are headed to a field outside the new allison's research settlement there, studying a piece of land that was previously iced over all year round. yes. and from september now in early september, the ground has thought out everywhere. it's very, and even though i, as the info, every stretch of ground is a little bit different and isn't us. once a month, v, colorado, hammers down these polls and to what's called permafrost,

to assess how much it's thawing of open up the can you check of the poll still moving forward here? i think not moving any more. okay. if the alpha, the depth is $95.00 centimeters and you are an a aisd on the temperature as we'd expect more of us. but as i mentioned the ground here is very uneven. so it varies greatly. yeah. is that bonnie has their own lie shouldn't give to stuff you don't think that's why it's important that we measure at 12 different spots and always measured the same exact whole. so we know very precisely how each specific whole changes feature also has to swap out a filter that collects the c o 2 released by the thawed soil

in august and have says, a filter in the tube that stores the c o 2 coming out of the soil i had, then scientists can analyze what kind of c o 2 it is and whether it's c o 2 that's been released by plans that are growing here. now, why that are fresh in the soil, or whether it's c o 2 that's been released by the soil itself, is in other words and bones. very old organic material that's been in the soil for many years and is now being released due to the warming o hike, sets to them come. the thawing of the soil further drives climate change. as and i was told there exchanges between the soil and the atmosphere, partly of gases and partly of heat and moisture flows. and that in turn has an impact on the climate and the process is that reflected in this coupled system between the atmosphere and the soil was fee of a who wouldn't you know,

the climate change has altered the wind and the altered wind continues to drive arctic warming glaciers and sea ice or retreating. the jet stream is more often sluggish as a result. heat waves that lead to crop failures and parched forests are becoming more likely as are devastating heavy rainfalls. but there is still time to act in jazz. so quick mission that off and get these. luckily, we're no longer dependent on burning material to generate electricity. that's going limits. we can generate electricity with photovoltaics and wind down vamp, or we don't need to burn material for heating either them induct. so once we have heat pumps here, and we have induction stoves for cooking factor. so the key factor is to get out of fossil fuels quickly and use these alternatives, the identity even in a given all the notes for d to meet the power of targets of 1.5 and 2 degrees. we have to go one step further for this type of to reduce the concentration of greenhouse gases. we have to take

them out of the atmosphere, skilled c o. ah, one way to remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere is to increase the amount of forest area worldwide. motus johnson and hypo schultz from the mecklenburg western pomeranian state forest are doing reforestation work at a former conservation area near sh vaccine. if the vehicle added more in the process of forming a new tree population here demand, we're doing it now with hardwood. but particularly our colleagues are in the process of planting red oak because we want to establish a population that is better equipped to handle dry summers and ongoing periods of drought order. we don't know what the tree species of the future will be. all there is certainly tree species we expect to have better characteristics than others to withstand these changing environmental conditions like droughts in summer time dry periods, extreme heat, as strategies to bed on a variety of trees. spread the risk and bring in different tree species and was

musical switched line fashionable mountain sibling. this single reforestation project won't increase the global forest area. it's about repairing damage, which is also urgently needed to address climate change. but it's no easy task wazoo. and if you look at the current climate models and projections which look very blake in parts, you really worry about which tree species will survive in the future, or how al forest to look in 2100. or whether it's just a matter of preserving them somehow and storing c o 2 would also perhaps the economy will take a backseat hoping that could happen by genuflect. a few votes, often logical douglas, which is kind of to the sun that the cause war institute of technology researchers are looking for a way not only to remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere, but harnessed them all on did maya and his team are working with

a variety of companies, this system from a swiss company sucks in air and passes it through a filter. of these new filter sits in chemical molecules in this filter, can't bond with the c o 2 in the air and with the water vapor was out of the in other words, these 2 components are separated from the air and also looked at some point. this filter is fully loaded and sort of locks its doors if both front and back long up front of him. when then, the collector heat's up, which causes the c o 2 and the water vapor to come down from the filter and be extracted funding filter. when the water is condensed and you have pure c o 2, also none of mothers go. i know seals why carbon monoxide is isolated from the c o 2 and enriched with hydrogen. the mixture contains high levels of carbon, which is the basis for combustion fuels. c,

o 2 from the atmosphere is to replace oil gas and cole. i need you cruised is the real odd here is to achieve high energy efficiency during the conversion ice . while we put in renewable electricity and produce energy sources, which of course contain certain amount of energy and the rest is lost. so last one . but if you can effectively into linked the individual steps of the process, then you can achieve high energy efficiency. and if it's inside the system here function similarly to energy crops, the idea is to filter c o 2 from the air and replace fossil fuels, climate neutrally. so far, however, these technologies have been extremely costly. it's loaded. does image hold it woof? it's if i believe that this method is indispensable for combating climate change, vandorn bits, we have no real alternatives to kerosene for certain applications,

such as long distance air travel. when, when it was killed at the end of the day, if i synthesized the kerosene using c o 2 from the air and renewable electricity low, then i basically have a cycle for this with the when it's burned it of course create c o. 2 in the atmosphere again, but because i've extracted my c o 2 from the atmosphere with renewable electricity, it keeps the cycle going on behind system. on his fields and lower saxony, organic farmer yawn bitten bag has been practicing agriculture that protects the soil environment and climate for years. he also factors in the changing wind conditions by making use of trees, crowded by his own, written back with a window like this. you can imagine that a row of trees can serve as a wind breaker, shown all guns go handy when there's a drought asleep on. the soil doesn't just fly away. the trees help prevent wind erosion and this is, yeah, as long as the boy,

the trees also draws water and nutrients from greater depths to disperse for their fruits and foliage loud. this also generates humus. and of course, the field can benefit from that in the long term plan with the aca out of one of the t. this kind of integrated agriculture is called agro forestry, meaning bitten bag designates parts of his cultivated land to the trees. when he had the right, we wanted to plant 3 big linden trees here on vehicle. and with this, we want to give a signal to the states about this combination of trees feels grassland homes drive on aka, on green light. martin diesel dell stand exactly on the border between grassland on one side design which has been newly developed and former arable land under arable land, on the other russian. yon bitten beg is a pioneer. he's long since adapted his farming to the new conditions brought about by rising temperatures and the changing jet stream. just carrying on with business

as usual, was never an option for him in his ian. we're seeing what we've sewn, by altering the climate vice versa. and when was reckoned with the consequences as well today of our meeting fall, that means we ourselves have to change has to be a mission on. so we of course have to put enormous effort into ensuring we don't to change the climate even further and outside of your home. you have to, we have already created these conditions. so it's up to us and nature to adopt the on the for that we need to you ideas. vega if there's no use traveling down the same roads, we've always gone down hoping fate will somehow intervene. districts, i'm have changes to the jet stream have become a dangerous driver of climate change and their driver is the greenhouse gases that we, as humans keep producing,

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has no got the right to levy taxes and the obligation to pay them both inherent in the sovereignty of nation states. and their citizens. but what happens when the power of taxation is undermined? attack as on top of the tax on top of the tax. that's the straw that broke the camel's back. i've been ranting forever, thinking to myself, when the door going to come crashing down. can't pay, won't pay. taxation and politics starts october 21st on d, w

ah ah, this is deed of the news line from berlin. ukraine liberates another keep town from russian occupation. ukrainian soldiers are filmed, raising their flag in lima in the countries east. moscow says its troops pulled out to avoid encirclement. also coming up. angry protestors attacked the french embassy . burkina facile is capital or going to group that's after cou leaders accused france of harboring the countries i was did president. they say he's plotting