ah ah, as you've got any issues or thoughts they will grey you i'm the green bad. do you feel worried about the planet? we to i'm neil. host of the on the green fence both ghost and to me it's clear. we need to change the solutions or out the join me for a deep dive into the green transformation. for me to do full of them.

are you ready to get a little more for these places in europe are smashing all the records into more bold adventure. just don't lose your grip. it's the treasure map for modern globetrotters. discover some of europe wykard, breaking sites on youtube. and now also in book form for a wind is the driving force behind our weather. it's part of what turns a sunny day into a stormy one. but climate change is altering wind patterns, given to vans, winds will change as temperatures rise in stagnant and clutch. one in the united

states. hurricanes are getting more powerful, devastating ever larger areas. weather disasters are also becoming more common in europe, in part because climate change is affecting the jet stream. strong winds 10 kilometers above the ground. the just seems like a guides is a highway for storms in the high altitude winds are affected by arctic temperatures. and recent developments are alarming mun, vice, do we know that when winds increase so to extreme weather events, one extreme but does it once you on shifting wind patterns pose a threat? ah wind is the motion of air triggered by differences in temperatures and air pressure

. multiple studies have found the wind speeds of winter storms are getting faster. increasing by up to 5 percent in central europe. storms are also lasting, longer and wreaking more havoc than before. that effect is clearly observed in our forests. in the last 30 years, 17 percent of the protective canopy in european forests has disappeared. in part because of storms getting more powerful and causing extensive damage. like here in the eastern german state of mecklenburg, western pomeranian miko schultz and motus johnson are looking at a group of can never as trees in the wake of the storm. heavy rains and hurricane force winds from the atlantic snap trees while knocking down and uprooting others. kind of extreme summers are compounding the problem. the heat takes

a toll on the trees, making them more vulnerable to insects. once the trunks are infested, they become brittle and more susceptible to storm damage. it's a vicious cycle. the fallen logs must be removed from the forest or else they'll become breeding grounds for insects. deadwood cannot defend itself. so pests can easily eat into the bark and multiply healthy trees that aren't under heat stress can produce resin and bend off attacks. and even the clock is clearly a jewel beetle. what does cloud like pattern? in contrast, longhorn, beetle, or carriers are well defined different from the bark beetle. gonzalez's humble, classic example to was yet textbook was down here that you will be the larva north

. dar, this is an insect that will benefit from climate change because it loves heat and can locate weak damaged trees from about 20 kilometers away. no matter they're multiplying for mosh over climate change is triggering a dangerous chain reaction in our forests, the storm bearings and close it. ordinarily, this storm would create the ideal conditions for a pest infestation. because now there's all this breeding material for the insects, or at least there would be if we weren't here follows that we had a similar situation in october 2017 with storm xavier and her back then there wasn't enough time to clean it up over a button that side in the spring, there were still some of this material left over on. and then when the bach beetles emerged around april and may they found the right temperatures and material to breed. you can imagine what happened, nancy gonzalez. i lost them in order to save the forests,

storm debris must be removed quickly. but this requires more machinery and more personnel. in southwestern france, the winds sweep up the atlantic coast unimpeded workers in the town of su locks, so a man regularly clear sand off the streets. the sand must then be returned to the beach during winter storms. it plays a crucial protective roll when the waves crash relentlessly into the coast. the effect of rising sea levels can also be seen here. in 2014, a series of winter storms brought waves that were a meter high. this apartment block was in danger of being swallowed by the sea. since then, the town has installed artificial brake waters and raised the dikes. but that

hasn't solve the problem. researchers believe that the top speeds of storms will be even higher here in the future. every spring, the regions coastal observatory inspects the damage from the winter season. let's go there and set up to lie. a little bit of a so marble toll and his colleagues are installing their measuring equipment at the beach and b r it's they pair their base station to a satellite using gps. it measures the exact location of the device as well as its distance from sea level them as your phone. this is the escalating quick key. the measurements have become necessary because our coastline changes drastically every year. just 2nd button, equity shifts the threatening the coastline, and some spots are young. oh, i strongly went down new family that ha, these regular measurements a critical to track the changes. and if they kept, our data provides a solid foundation for planning and risk management on endanger,

stretches of coastline there, or can kind of this is your much on them in as no, just always. mm hm. i offshore rocks, help protect the beach on this stretch of the coast. still the potency of storms has long since been a problem. as has the rising sea level. during strong storms, sections of the cliffs simply break off. the beach is battered by 2 opposing forces. the wind carries the sand away, blowing it inland, and storm surges washed the sand toward the sea. the beaches are becoming shallower by several millimeters each year. slowly leveling out with the sea level. soon idea what i did on pets when we have a storm of to storm with heavy rainfall as we did recently in december. and then we

see major movements along the coast lines via big or small. aha. take us to potations that accelerates the ground movements. even further, yes. at 1st think kristen, professor on polano, milan, ohio. okay, so i'm sure it's a combination of the sea, wind and rains that are all taking a toll and the basque coast or something when you meet about not back solar. you also just as the beaches become shallower, the sea has an easier time working its way deeper and deeper into the cliffs. the sandy coastline is in danger of disappearing. protecting it against future storms would cost billions. good look at them frankly, is additional. so i think we'll have to come to terms which relocating houses and people and then more or less the city of act on la lou at the moment. and also the legal and financial framework is lacking for such

a solution. here. hang them on there while met on us as racial may also be off the animal curse them. it's becoming evident that living safely on the coast will only be possible if nature is given more leeway. what that means is we have to retreat further up. i think that's realistic. you robert most australian dollar gabriella, that the potsdam institute for climate impact research scientists are investigating how climate change impacts are whether what is the relationship between extreme heat waves, relentless rainfall and powerful storms, etc. ruthie and stefan at om stove are studying shifting wind patterns. until now we have seen some changes. and actually what we have seen is very much dependent on the region and the season. so for example, for winter, we do see a strengthening of the storm tracks. as basically over northwestern europe in some

there, we see the opposite that we see a weakening of the stone tracks given to vantage. winds will change as temperatures rise, and because the earth doesn't get warmer simultaneously, or uniformly everywhere, life may assist you by on and the driving force for winds are temperature differences between different regions, fission for shooting and of a yawn on a fungi has got, it's quite clear that wind conditions will also change due to global warming on, on the south, and this will of course, impact people off dimension. the driving force for our weather operates at about 10000 meters above the ground. high altitude wind is created when warm air masses flow from the equator to the colder north. the earth's rotation directs these air masses around the globe from west to east. of 1st, when band is formed near the sub tropics. a 2nd stronger band forms around the 60th parallel. it draws its power from the temperature difference between warm air from

the south and cold air from the north pole. this north polar jet stream drives low and high pressure areas across our latitudes. but researchers have discovered that the jet stream is slowing down. they are, decreed jones, have been warming fast there in the low level, so near the surface of the earth compared to the rest of the globe. so rapidly these means that this temperature gradient, so the differences of temperature between the poles and the quatre becomes smaller compared to that, asked to the normal. and when we have smaller differences, these would mean we can winks and the weaker that streams the arctic. it's become 3 degrees warmer in just the last 50 years. that's a far swifter pace than the rest of the planet. since the start of industrialization, earth's temperature has risen about 1 point one degrees on spits, begun meteorologist mario my to really of the alfred megan institute is researching

what's leading to the accelerated warming and what effects it's having. she also coordinates all the scientific work being conducted here, the joint french german station to you. fortune in research in the austic has become more important came in part because climate change is more pronounced in the arctic than in other regions of the world. it and he and he and allison, it's possible to measure and document the effects of warming in different areas as well as study the individual processes to document in on of the insulin and puts as a to and does no addison in western spits bergen is the world's northernmost settlement. it's an important place for climate research. 11 nations have research facilities here. the french, german bases observatory has many different instruments. matter really has already documented the 1st consequences of the rising temperatures. and bizarre miller in

inventory in the winter months, especially the air cons to coming more frequently from the south. austin, there is now more warm and humid day coming from the mid latitudes cousin mitzy. this impacts precipitation. and the clouds that form here. it's also altering the local climate which is concerning the schema here for aught on this is visitors of it. i'll fill the balloon with gas as observatory, engineer. speaker gotta helps with various studies at the arctic station. every day at 12 pm, she launches a balloon with a probe that sends back weather data. much really uses the data to determine how rising arctic temperatures affect the jet stream. to gain a comprehensive understanding of the effects of global warming at various altitudes, balloons are launched simultaneously from different locations around the world.

they fly up to 30 kilometers high before they're rubber bursts from mine and missiles and vizier crucial for my research. it is, it's the only way to get measurements. 30 kilometers on, on and the height resolution is very high as well as a deb, i don't like the balloon rise is 5 meters per 2nd and take some measurement every 2nd fish. we get a reading every 5 meters, other devices can't do that. and great to him. my to release measurements clearly show that the jet stream has changed. oh, changes to wind patterns inevitably impact earth's living beings in a forest near the village of cheese, a lies one of the most important bird research centers in france. ah all v vi miss kish regularly sets off

from here on expeditions to the planets most remote regions. for years, he's been going to the cause a islands off the coast event, arctica to study albatrosses at a breeding colony where they raised their offspring. in 2012, he made a discovery and he's only doing the, i don't day after analyzing the long term data, which we've collected over 20 years of observing these birds. we know this changes in the movement, patterns of albatrosses course or cold at all. we also noticed the birds were having more success, reproducing all good old heroes. you'd hope what even the average weight of the birds had changed didn't. on average, the adult birds weighed about one kilogram more than 2 decades prior, even though they hadn't increased in size. the population of albatrosses in the breeding colony also changed with more chic surviving each year. the researchers

only discovered the reason for these developments after analyzing the regions, whether data from the past 20 years of it se dba before the change in wind conditions is why it says deval at them. we could prove that the flight speed of the albatrosses had increased and i don't want to show them off as you to the high wind speeds. the birds flew significantly fast us. it's up m u and their weight increased to do again you, they expanded less energy foraging because they found the same amount of food and less time. all, that's why they gained weight. the albatross is benefited from a westerly wind flow that had shifted further toward the south pole due to rising temperatures. it was a chance discovery that proved for the 1st time how profoundly changing winds affect life on earth. although i

think he off at the us did a google but until then the impact of climate change on animal behavior was completely underestimated. called dr. morgan, that an email with the fact that it could change the speed of an animal species movement. especially surprised us player short on all icky day, not on the drastic effects of changing wind patterns are already being felt by german farmers. the interaction between rainy and dry phases has become more erratic. farmers have to increasingly deal with crop failures. rama yon written back now relies on plants that can cope with freak weather events. the lupina had an osgood site as wide open, has excellent root grocer, 5 or so they're showing it stretches downward with a top root and can unlock water reserves that allude other plants, plants in for bar lime i was i deem it also helps improve the cell structure so that other plants contrived to and then that all poisoned. oh good. so they come on

in, their tod was, in fact last year, which was her 2nd extremely dry year loop and give us top eels despite it being so dry that a block and all the others, especially the grain essentially failed fire. and you could either arden's in fast as the climate change has long since arrived in the heart of europe. but for farmers who still doubted that fat, the heat wave in the summer of 2018, opened their eyes to the harsh reality. wind didn't drive rain clouds over their fields for weeks. this got to yan. yeah. you are people. we've been discussing climate issues and the advent of extreme weather events for a long time. and unfortunately, there were still people who didn't want to believe it or a florida, but i think that was a wake up call for everyone that the situation was getting worse. that's meant that weather conditions had changed and we had to adapt to install. i innovation yon

bitten bag in lower saxony already began adjusting to these changes years ago. moving involved with me as i haven't plowed for over 20 years because i convinced that no, till farming is better for the soil, the plants and the system the same as the current battery. so for lighting x, it can manage extreme rainfall, better with ground infiltration into caea water controller down through those vertical corridors. sinking deep into the soil on indy t for in, in borden. i'm putting on some unknown just we don't experience as much erosion for wind and water mixed up transports yet. acom while the lupin has just been sown, the rape seed fields are in full bloom. bitten bags. goal is to extend the harvest, as long as possible. the misses has organ on fans, we have to try to adapt low. that means we may have to adjust a crop rotations to cultivate other crops. and most importantly, cultivate many different types of crops. was our van on dime it we must increase

diversity so that we spread the risk as high as the risk is lowered when diversity is greater. if, if i, it goes up, are extreme summers in germany, a result of changes in the arctic morgan, my to really is seeking the answers to that question on spits back and where the weather is much too good for researchers liking. in past september's, it was often above 0 degrees celsius 2. but the difference in the past was that the fjord was rarely completely free of ice. those times are now over. even in winter, it no longer freezes over matter really and her team are on their way to another measuring station. here the scientists filter and analyze particles driven in by the wind air pollutants show us just how connected when systems are around the world. it's built

a few fish. what so we measure pollutants here that the wind has carried a great distances yet foot. feet are made to invent no truly fits in this illusion from industrial regions in or even from siberian forest fires reach the arctic and can be measured here. and the see miss bah, ah, the next stop is a glacier on the bays eastern shore. this is where the ice and the fury comes from . but its continuing to break away. the glaciers on land are also retreating. as a result, the sea levels rising, but compared to the south pole, the masses of glacial ice here at the north pole are small matter really considers the disappearance of the ice cover on the oceans to be even more serious. and us mia as when sea ice retreats and covers less of the ocean, it exposes more of the water's surface that that means less sunlight is reflected

simply because there's no white surface to do so, monday room. instead, you have the dark water surface absorbing the heat and further warming, the ocean atmosphere, system theatre. that's a feedback loop and we'll call also the exposed water surface is conducive to more evaporation into the atmosphere. that means the atmosphere becomes more humid and wumer overall oyster that impacts cloud formation among other things. and there again is that feedback loop said the climate gets warmer effect of as the key moses . i found yet another reason the arctic is getting warmer but doesn't really affect the jet stream. at the alpha, vega institute and pottstown climate scientists are processing the data from the arctic and creating models they're calculating. if what's happening there is accelerating climate change. meteorologist dirty handoff also studies the sea ice and the arctic by analyzing

satellite photos. as thus me eyes, we can see from these curves that the sea ice is decreasing relatively continuously deezen calden than via d. if we look at do the jewel years through the lens of any given month eisen and yahoo feet, so here, for example, the values in september men, we see that the sing ice is decreasing since the late 19 seventy's side ended a seat ca yahoo! and this negative trend is about 13 percent per decade lithia, i'd say, would send cold the cod without sea ice in the north polar region. the arctic continues to warm at a much faster pace, door to hand off has factored this trend into climate models and is studying what that means for the jet stream. the hum good site. thus,

we've shown that reductions in arctic sea ice cover can impact the jet stream, please come and india that. so when his, let's see, i say cover thing. the jet stream weakens in light, winter dead generously and blocking weather patterns. see can occur more frequently of rocky, another. the lung often blocking weather patterns occur because the slowed down jet stream is no longer flowing as tightly around the earth. it's loops increase in size and come to a standstill. as a result, high pressure or low pressure areas remain over a region for longer than usual. the red high and blue low pressure areas are not alternating as they once did, which can result in extreme weather events. such fluctuate sions and the jet stream have always existed. but the potsdam researchers have proven that climate change can trigger them with catastrophic consequences.

as give them guns clang, it's as among fishing, there's a very clear connection between the jet stream and extreme weather events. and for example, there's sometimes a phenomenon where a very strong lube star vibrations in the jet stream from north to south infant stop on the spot. even the done, i'll have to. and that results in long lasting weather situations long and heightened and, and depending on what that situation is, the boss, if it's rain, for example, and he can lead to flooding one on to event. and if it's a high pressure system overhead, he can lead to heat waves and drought. so it's event on to talking hyde fuel on. we don't know yet whether those are weak status of their states of the dead stream are becoming more frequent or different. however, what we can say is that even small changes in the dead stream, even if it is a little weaker in summer, for example, could bring. and this proportionate an impact on the surface and an extreme weather

. changes in wind patterns or a one catalyst of extreme heat waves and devastating droughts. like those we saw in the summers of 20182019 high pressure systems stuck in the weakening jet stream. when low pressure areas are trapped in the jet stream, it can lead to steady and heavy rainfall. as was the case with the flooding disaster in germany's eiffel mountains in 2021. but when is a single weather event directly linked to climate change? in potsdam, at the german meteorological service on chi and comp calculates these correlations . this new branch of science is called attribution research. the woodson, even the climate models we 1st simulate the situation as it is now, as well. the reality of where we are as humans, and the changes we've brought about on the name of that we take the same climate model and simulate that as if humans had 0 influencing floss go. in other words, that need a greenhouse gases nor land use,

i changed anybody by and when we compared the results of the 2 models, we either see a change or we don't kind of the 2021 flooding disaster in germany that resulted from heavy and continuous rainfall was one of the year's most severe weather events . attribution researchers used their comparative models to assess the incident. the chemo hot climate change played a role and events the triggered the flash flooding and the r valley and aft river. he was on the cut, it increased to probability by a factor of $1.00 to point $2.00 to $9.00 compared to pre industrial times. but see, that's why we can't give an exact number because the information is not the precise one, but you can draw an example from it after a. currently, this occurs every 400 years. and if we take a number between 1.2 to 9, namely the number 5, it would have occurred every 2000 years if it weren't for climate change. princeton university in the us state of new jersey is one of the world's most prestigious research institutions. when it comes to understanding climate change,

professor tom newson and his research group investigate hurricanes and how climate change is altering them. he also studies the consequences for people living in regions where hurricanes occur more frequently. we're expecting the hurricanes are going to be more intense as the climate continues to warm. that's not a huge effect. the size of that effect is something like 3 percent. now that 3 percent, ah, in wind speed, ah implies a greater percentage increase in damage by the way, because we think a damage from hurricanes goes up not linearly with wind speed but, but perhaps as the 3rd power of the wind speed. so that really may indicate something more like a 10 percent increase in wind damage potential. ah, new orleans in the state of louisiana. the debris lining the streets and the blue

tarps are signs of a recent hurricane. exactly 16 years after katrina destroyed large parts of the city. another hurricane reeked havoc here. ida, a category for hurricane the 2nd highest designation, swept through the city at about 240 kilometers per hour. repairing the damage is a daunting task. ah, for d'artagnan stovall, august 29th 2021 marks the day he lost his home. he since moved in with his brother it's difficult to stand here, look at it. and now they have so many memories, so much work that i did on the house. family had been here since 1978. so it's been quite a while as through as the only word i didn't really find to describe any of

it. as you look at the other houses you think maybe i have some roof damage. oh, this funny bank. just my house fell. this is, this is unbelievable. the storm reached louisiana in the morning of august 29th. meteorologists warned the danger, but evacuation was out of the question for many residents, including d'artagnan stovall. he remained at home, hoping the storm would pass. he was upstairs when the wind hit his house, tearing it apart at the seams. he had to escape from the rubble up in the air with a lot of it, because i'm deciding if i stay in was the entire process of her chain preparedness

and gonna hunker and down are decided to go somewhere else. and they seem to be occurring more often and like this was the anniversary of katrina, the 16th anniversary. and you just gets out of the process even when you don't get hit by the the prep to deal with it. louisiana got hit with the full force of ida, but experts think hurricanes will be even more destructive in the future. another effect that we're expecting out of hurricanes is an increase in the rainfall rates, because warmer atmosphere holds more water vapor, typically. so these hurricanes that are happening in this large scale environment where there's more water vapor in the hurricanes are converging this water vapor in towards the storm. so we expect that to be about 7 percent increase in rainfall rates for every one degree celsius rise in the sea surface temperatures.

hurricane ida is seen as the filling the prophecy of climate change. the storm moved along the east coast of the united states, bringing relentless rainfall more than 90 people died in lambert vill, new jersey the rain caused a stream to burst its banks, transforming it into a raging torrent. the waters pushed the house of the separate low family off its foundation. the family of 4 had evacuated thanks to a storm warning to my left would be the children's room. my my, my daughter and my son would, would have been their rooms are right here. that's where the water 1st came in, hit and i pushed everything out from of the ground floor. we had a large hardwood floor and it buckled into a v. and once the water came into the house,

it pushed everything right out of there and right down the creek. the separate rulers house has since been demolished. their neighbor's house was also unsalvageable. officials won't allow them to rebuild because the chance of a similar disaster is too high. the dangers of heavy rains brought on by future hurricanes, are increasing the propagation speed of tropical storms and hurricanes over the u. s. land regions has decreased since 1900. when storm slow down, that means they're going to spend more time over in a given region. so a storm, it's going more slowly. you're going to have a greater accumulated rainfall in a region which leads again to a more flood risk. the european organization for the exploitation of meteorological satellites, and dom start european whether services get their data from its satellites,

which are a key source for monitoring whether follow rooty is the facilities chief scientist . he's working to improve forecasting, but his employees have only been able to measure the wind and space indirectly. we get very detailing formations on the infrared and visible channels, and we derive these information. we have different clouds at the fur high. and so we did to mind the movements of the clouds and from the movements of the cloud we've fur earth the wind vectors. it's important because it gives to the model the capacity to well positioned, the storms, and to well positioned, the dynamics of the storms for they move towards a certain part of the continent. so far, satellite observations have revealed little about the jet stream, but

a new measuring system is set to change that it's already being tested in space so that researchers can clean how high altitude wind influences the weather on earth. what is up into the surface and what is up and into to the thick thank you know, meters high are really extremely important. what to understand and to predict those systems. so are, those are the areas where we would like to have more and more observations. and we have now a kind of prototype who is already flying, which is called a little so one of the goal of wind. so an is already giving has the possibility to understand these systems the european space agency develop the satellite and it's when measurement system a u. v laser scans, the area between the satellite and the earth's surface. it uses the reflection of molecules beneath it to measure their speed. the satellite has been orbiting the

earth since 2018 that the light knits institute for troposphere research in leipzig, holger boss, and sebastian bly regularly check the data from the a all the satellite that these are last week's measurements. can all yes i you guys decide within commission if it's measurements become available about 3 hours after he oldest passes over any given region on industry that i say. each of these rectangles represents a wind measurement taken by alice and alice measures about 30 kilometers from the ground up or visit. we can see blue colors and yellowish red colors. what you can see here on the scale, in this example, red colors show easily wind and blue colors. show westerly wind. does it? darker rectangles indicate stronger wind. that dark blue strip represents the jet stream or as nets. and it is

a bit of color variation. that's visualized here quite nicely. beautiful. well, that's because there's a lot of turbulence. so it's difficult to take precise ground measurements from space aquatic missile. so much of a shot mammography. let's see what the radio sound measure to miss. not every friday. the satellite flies over lupsi. then the researchers launch a weather balloon outfitted with a measuring probe. how high up did it measure? having missing the radio sound was 24 kilometers high. okay, good. and then it covered the entire altitude from the alias. measurement addict, exactly. the balloon probe in leipzig may take more precise measurements than a all this but only the satellite can provide comprehensive data on the jet stream illness. miss dale, this measures with a precision of 5 to 8 meters per 2nd and cloud free areas. and even if you know, you'll get a random error or in precision within those parameters, and that's perfectly fine for use and whether models in the middle within the german meteorological service. and often back here, scientists review

a all this data from space and translated into weather forecasts. this is where alexander class 1st gained direct access to data about the jet stream with little sunday. and i, we use a all this in a global model in the jet stream drives the high and low pressure systems on earth, especially in the northern hemisphere. when the better we can predict the path of the jet stream, the better we can predict the path of low and high pressure systems postal eaten for his audience. if the jet stream slows down, there could be a cluster of extreme weather events. this data should help better predict disasters in the future, allowing authorities to order evacuations earlier. the sink holes are shrieked lation thing. it's a big advantage to have comprehensive wind observations that we didn't have before

. but the, let's take the last flood catastrophe. for example, home in india, next the such events will increasingly affect us in the next 10 or 20 years via dom and the better and more accurately we can measure winds over the atlantic or the pacific. and so, yeah, this sooner will be able to predict them and warn people like myself or has on when von b, lloyd to them, but merely predicting the weather conditions brought on by the changing winds is not enough. we also need to adapt in lower saxony. a long dry spell is battering the fields of organic farmer. yawn. bitten back is lupins aren't getting enough rain in the late summer. do you know the anti and escort these here? actually good. and then he's 3 and the other 3 haven't fully matured. this is for your lack of water makes things difficult for all plants for life next the loop and handles, it's like a pro, but yield less. i don't see it. it's still

a good product. oh, the market, if you remove the little ones, you'll still get full beautiful grains and it's good quality and suitable as food. but there's less of it. that's how it is the guy that nature cuts back when one fact to become scarce. lewis, and in this case it's water, yet when i in fact talk an upward he is, is tougher. lupins are just one of 10 crops yon bitten bag is harvesting this year . he already harvested a great portion of his fields before the dry spell began. in general, he opposes irrigating fields, calling to one of the there's no question that some crops need targeted irrigation . but i think it's fundamentally wrong to react to this increasing water shortage by pumping in water artificially previously. so again, hiding ones that's making a fire. why does that dinah congo, and that leads to competition between drinking water and irrigation water? you know, between the water that nature undoubtedly needs toy ex wife,

last fall. we can't. so these problems by ramping up irrigation isn't a name because we don't treat the symptoms in the short term, because we need to look for long term solutions and work with nature. we're missing out by the end of a long plastic. so come on, commit to where it says i'm modified back on spits, beggin beka, gotta and mark on my to really are headed to a field outside the new allison's research settlement. they're studying a piece of land that was previously iced over all year round. yes. and from september now in early september, the ground has thought out every where it's very and even though i as the info, every stretch of ground is a little bit different and isn't us once a month, fico gotta hammers down these poles into what's called permafrost, to assess how much it's thawing since it opened up. can you check if the poll still moving forward here?

if not moving any more. okay. he is the author of the depth is $95.00 centimeters. we are an a aisd on the temperature as we'd expect more of us. but as i mentioned, the ground here is very uneven. so it varies greatly. yeah. is that bonnie has their own lives on skip the stuff you don't think that's why it's important that we measure at 12 different spots and always measure the same exact whole. so we know very precisely how each specific whole changes figure also has to swap out a filter that collects the c o 2 released by the thawed soil. seen them logs and i've seen a filter in the tube that stores the c o 2 coming out of the soil i had then when

my intestines can analyze what kind of c o 2 it is and whether it's c o 2 that's been released by plants that are growing here now or that are fresh in the soil, or whether it's c o 2 that's been released by the soil itself, is in other words and booms. very old organic material that's been in the soil for many years and is now being released due to the warming off like that's to them on . the thawing of the soil further drives climate change as an ost hold their exchanges between the soil and the atmosphere. partly of gases and partly of heat and moisture flows. and that in turn has an impact on the climate. and the process is that reflected in this coupled system between the atmosphere and the soil. most fee of a who wouldn't you know, she climate change has altered the wind and the altered wind continues to drive arctic warming,

glaciers and sea ice are retreating. the jet stream is more often sluggish as a result. heat waves that lead to crop failures and parched forests are becoming more likely as are devastating heavy rainfalls. but there is still time to act. isn't data some quick mission at off and get these luckily, we're no longer dependent on burning material to generate electricity. as can limit, we can generate electricity with photovoltaics and wind down vamp, or we don't need to burn material for heating either induct. so once we have heat pumps here, and we have induction stove for cooking factor. so the key factor is to get out of fossil fuels quickly and use these alternatives. the identity even in again, are not sent for d to meet the paras targets of one to point 5 and to the grease. we have to go one step further. hall was type of to reduce the concentration of greenhouse gases. we have to take them out of the atmosphere. you don't see one way to

remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere is to increase the amount of forest area worldwide. motus johnson and hypo schultz from the mecklenburg western pomeranian state forest are doing reforestation work at a former conservation area near sh 15 if the vehicle added up more in the process of forming a new tree population here among the we're doing it now with hardwood. but particularly our colleagues are in the process of planting red oak because we want to establish a population that's better equipped to handle dry summers and ongoing periods of drought already. we no longer relying on spruce is and certainly not a mona coaches were developing a mixed forest about this young lot, much 5 inch the invoice or a lot of everything going to plan, but the good planting material. oh, all routes. okay. okay, go re forcing this area will take a lot of time work and money. it will be decades before the targeted logging of

individual trees becomes profitable. ah, the bomb odds you we don't know what the tree species of the future will be got bombed. there is certainly tree species we expect to have better characteristics than others to withstand these changing environmental conditions like droughts in summer time dry periods, extreme heat, as strategies to bed on a variety of trees. spread the risk and bring in different tree species and was physical social coin for sheena vomited sibling. this single reforestation project won't increase the global forest area. it's about repairing damage, which is also urgently needed to address climate change. but it's no easy task for mazacco. and if you look at the current climate models and projections which look very blake in parts, you really worry about which tree species will survive in the future, or how al forest to look in 2100. or whether it's just

a matter of preserving them somehow and storing c o 2 would also perhaps the economy will take a backseat hoping that could happen by jonathan village. often logically, douglas was kind of to the son that the college war institute of technology researchers are looking for a way not only to remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere, but harnessed them all on did maia and his team are working with a variety of companies? this system from a swiss company sucks in air and passes it through a filter of these new filter sits in chemical molecules in this filter can't bond with the c o 2 in the air and with the water vapor was out of the. in other words, these 2 components are separated from the air and also looked at some point. this filter is fully loaded and sort of locks its doors if both front and back long up front of him. when then they collect the heats up, which causes the c o 2,

and the water vapor to come down from the filter and be extracted funding filter. then the water is condensed and you have pure c o. 2. also none of mothers go, i know seals why carbon monoxide is isolated from the c o 2 and enriched with hydrogen. the mixture contains high levels of carbon, which is the basis for combustion fuels. c, o 2 from the atmosphere is to replace oil gas and cole. i knew you crews is the real odd here is to achieve high energy efficiency during the conversion ice . while we put in renewable electricity and produce energy sources, which of course contain certain amount of energy and the rest is lost. so last one . but if you can effectively into linked the individual steps of the process, then you can achieve high energy efficiency. and if it, since i the system here function similarly to energy crops. the

idea is to filter c o 2 from the air and replace fossil fuels, climate neutrally. so far, however, these technologies have been extremely costly. it's lowered his image, hold it woof. it's if i believe that this method is indispensable for combating climate change. i'm been going and it's we have no real alternatives to kerosene for certain applications, such as long distance air travel. when, when it was killed at the end of the day, if i synthesized the kerosene using c o 2 from the air and renewable electricity low, then i basically have a cycle for this with the when it's burned it of course create c o 2 in the atmosphere again, but because i've extracted my c o 2 from the atmosphere with renewable electricity, it keeps the cycle going on behind system. on his fields and lower saxony, organic farmer yawn wittenberg has been practicing agriculture that protects the

soil environment and climate for years. he also factors in the changing when conditions by making use of trees crowded by his own, written back with a window like this. you can imagine that a row of trees can serve as a wind breaker, shown all guns go handy when there's a drought that's leaked down from the soil, doesn't just fly away. the trees help prevent wind erosion on this is yahoo! i see, boy, the trees also draw water and nutrients from greater depths to disperse for their fruits and foliage la. this also generates humus. and of course the field can benefit from that in the long term length with their archived off one of the t. this kind of integrated agriculture is called agro forestry, meaning bitten bag designates parts of his cultivated land to the trees. when he had the right, we wanted to plant 3 big linden trees here on vehicle. and with this, we want to give a signal to the states about this combination of trees feels grassland homes driver

on aka, on green light. martin diesel dell stand exactly on the border between grassland on one side design which has been newly developed and former arable land under arable land. on the other. yon wittenberg is a pioneer. he's long since adapted his farming to the new conditions brought about by rising temperatures and the changing jet stream. just carrying on with business as usual, was never an option or him. mm. yes, ian, we're seeing what we've sewn by altering the climate vice versa. and when was reckoned with the consequences as well today of our mitten file, that means we ourselves have to change has to be a mission on. so we of course have to put enormous effort into ensuring we don't to change the climate even further in that. but um mm hm. yeah, we have already created these conditions, so it's up to us and nature to adopt the on the for that we need to you ideas. vega

if there's no use traveling down the same roads, we've always gone down hoping fate will somehow intervene districts. i'm have changes to the jet stream have become a dangerous driver of climate change. and their driver is the greenhouse gases that we, as humans keep producing, ah ah, with

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or eternal dynamite and the pillar of stick in society. a symbol of arbitrary rule. in the struggle for justice taxes. in many ways, i think taxation is one of the most extreme actions by a government, but it's also the definition of government because without taxation there's no got the right to levy taxes and the obligation to pay them both inherent in the sovereignty of nation states and their citizens, but what happens when the power of taxation is undermined? a tax on top of the tax on top of the tax. that's the straw that broke the camel's back. i've been ranting forever, thinking to myself here. when's it all going to come crashing down?

can't pay won't pay. taxation and politics starts october 21st on d. w ah ah, this is the w news lived from birth to a deadly panic at an indonesian football match. more than $100.00 spectators die after losing fan storm. the pitch and police respond with tear gas and a reporter has them, but also coming up ukraine, liberates another key town from russia.