hey, won't pay taxation and politics don't talk tobar 21st on d w. ah, this is dw news live from berlin, ukrainian forces achieve their biggest to break through in the south of the country since the war began. they had been pushing forward with their offensive in the strategic southern region of her song. one of 4 regents illegally annexed by moscow last week after a sham referendum, orchestrated by the kremlin also coming up brazil's presidential election heads for

a rough vote. neither of the 2 leading candidates, current president gerald bull scenario and former leader louis enough to look at silva received the majority in sundays 1st about the nobel prize in medicine. he goes to a swedish scientist to pablo. he has been honored for his discoveries relating to the dna of extinct creatures and for his research into human evolution. plus, it's germany's national holiday today. unity. it's been 32 years since east and west germany unified. but is there more that divides that unites german society today? ah, our next spicer welcome to the program. ukrainian forces are reported to be re cap

in territory in the south of the country in their biggest breakthrough there since the start of the war. officials installed by russia, acknowledged that ukraine has made advances in the higher san region. one of 4 that russia illegally annexed last week. photo shared on social media appear to show soldiers raising the ukrainian flag and several villages. they are thought to advanced by as much as 40 kilometers in a single day. that is yet to be officially verified. and let's go straight to d. w correspondent, nick connelly in the ukrainian capital. keep nick reports of major ukrainian advances in the south. what can you tell us? well, definitely seems like after months we're busy fits on was the side show to what we saw in her give her. and it seemed that basically this was something that the cranes were distracting the russians with while turning the attention elsewhere. it does seem that this is now center of attention and this is where all the movement is happening. where previously the grading forces were pushing at rush buses from

the west from michel i of and i seem to be coming also from the north, increasingly pushing the russians back and threatened to surround them in certain parts. the problem for the russians that they are basically trapped on the west bank, the deep pro river, and most the bridges and the connections across that river have been destroyed by ukrainian forces. and now there's been, pontoon bridges, and not much else in terms of re supply. and there, there is the sense and if the expect taishan here and key of that there will be many, many russian soldiers taken prisoner in the days to come. if this offensive seat turns out to be successful as, as hope, but i think there's a big caveat here. the information reaching us is often getting to us a day or 2 late and in very limited doses. often enough, we're actually getting more information from the russian military blogs about this from the ukranian side who are doing a very good job of keeping storm. so, so far, not much into detail, but it doesn't, it seem that now finally that's on is where it's all happening. and it vladimir putin has been threatening the possible use of nuclear weapons. it seems like united states is taking that threat quite seriously. is this all just bring spend

ship, we're engaging in ours the kremlin? you think truly desperate enough to take that route? well, actually that, that, that's true. i mean, we've definitely seen more reactions from the u. s. and from retired top us generals, and that something really changed people's perception here in care of who didn't really take these threats very seriously before and sort of basic are empty talk. and yet brinkman ship from the russian side to kind of symptom of russian weakness . but there is increase in worried that indeed things are going so badly for russia on the battlefield in the conventional battle. and the conventional warfare kind of part of things that indeed rushes nuclear weapons of the last thing. they've got to really scare you, crane, and more importantly, perhaps even ukraine's western beckers. there's definitely a sense that this is a definitely more dangerous situation. we're in now than even just a few weeks ago. and what more can you tell us about russia's military strategy now? is there, is there one that's identifiable with 1st $2000000.00 question and even

within kind of russian pro war circles. additionally, seems to be a lot of discussion. the argument as to what the strategy is, what it should be. we haven't seen a kind of power battle between the russian army and the people like running a deer of the leader of chechnya. and the man who's known as larry preaches cook, the guy behind the wagner mercenary group, lots of kind of blame being shifted around there. and there's definitely a sense that things in russia are not going very well. even today we had an announcement from putin's press secretary saying they didn't quite know yet, which bits ukraine, they were going to annex in terms of the actual geography on the ground. if that sounds pretty to the net school hunt, so if they don't even decide and agree on which bits of ukraine, elaine claim to that does speak the fact that things are going pretty bad if the kremlin and there is a bit of a meltdown going on there ok d, w correspondent, nick connelly in keith, thanks so much and ukrainian forces are also pushing on

with their counter offensive in the north east. yet as russian forces withdraw from the region, evidence is emerging of her brutal occupation. even is not coming back. months after he disappeared, his mother is still trying to figure out what happened is the one this about them will? yes, he went to the forest with his friend. to pick up pine cone, was to light the samovar to make t issue. or as the bridge a judge and i never saw him again. never melissa. she believes even was tortured in the basement of this house. neighbors identified his body by the jacket he wore from the local grain factory where he worked he had a photo with him of us when he was a boy. oh boy, you the town of easy him was among the 1st taken by

russian forces after the war started. and it became a command center for them. they set up at least 10 torture sykes ah, andre caught sal was captured shortly after joining the ukrainian army. once his captors let him go, he sought shelter at a nearby monastery. b one hon. they beat me only where my kidneys and liver are rather than directly in my face. and they beat the hell out of my back was when you, but they tried not to leave any scars. all most of is young has been destroyed. the city is without electricity, gas, a water. many families rely upon humanitarian 8 to get by one. you probably have, we here to get close for our children and food. that's what we need. but despite

the difficulties after months of terror under occupation, life seems to be slowly returning to the city. let's take a look now at some of the other stories making news around the world. in indonesia, a police chief has been fired. 9 officers suspended after a weekend stampede at a football stadium that left a 125 people dead. a spokesman said melange cities, head of police had been replaced as part of an inquiry into the tragedy. dozens more officers are being investigated for unethical behavior. iran's parliamentary speaker has warned, unrest could destabilized the country as anti government protests continue. video shared on social media showed it dozens arrive, police surrounding tea rounds. sharif university overnight. local media said police beat students and fired tear gas. officials say 40 people have died since the protest. again. outside observers say the figure is likely much higher.

british prime minister less trust is reversing her plans to slash taxes for the wealthy policy has sparked a rebellion in her own party and led to turmoil and financial markets. when the decision is likely to put trust as leadership under increasing pressure less than 4 weeks after she came to power, there's not been many about brazil's presidential election will be settled in a 2nd round voting on october. the 30th that's after no candidate took an absolute majority of votes on sunday. with nearly all of the ballots counted the former president less dis, luis, ignacio louis silva has 48 percent incumbent president. the right wing populace shire bull scenario received an unexpectedly strong 43 percent in moderate simone. a template is trailing with 4 percent lulu spoke to supporters in excess commercial capital sao paulo, its abolition,

k quote. you know that the economy is not good. quality of life isn't good. the market is good to know that the health system isn't good. we want to make our country better again, including our international affairs. yes, i always believed we were going to win those electrons. and i want to tell you that we will win these electrons and the rate is proven tighter than most survey suggested revitalizing incumbent president shire boston iris campaign after he insisted pause. couldn't be trusted. is surprising showing dash louis hopes of a quick when was the similar me today we overcame the light. i was out of appalling institute, predicted something around 50 percent and 30 percent. we overcame that light. we have a 2nd round of voting. there will be a level playing field for both sides. well,

we'll be bringing you more updates on brazil's presidential race throughout the day was also more on our website, d, w dot com. this year's nobel prize for medicine has been awarded for genetic research on human evolution. swedish scientists. fancy, pavel is known for sequencing the genome of the neanderthal and extinct species closely related to modern humans. he also discovered that the niece over another extinct early human relative. he show that both contributed to genes that still exists in modern shoe, missing these let's hear what the swedish academy had to say. i providing genome sequences from our closest extinct to relatives from the past, provided a novel, much more recent reference point for studies of who we are and where we came from. thanks to his seminar discoveries, genetic variance that are shared among all non leading humans. but absent in the on

to thompson, denise of us have been identified. and for more on this, i'm joined by d. w, sr, science correspondent derek williams, to break it all down for us. thanks for being here. that derek, what does this does to this come as a bit of a surprise to have this dark pebble? when would it, it did come as, as kind of a surprise and for a couple of different reasons. because generally when you follow the nobel prizes for as long as i have then you, you notice that they tend to often kind of alternate when it comes to, to, to particular prizes. medicine is one that, for example, they, over the course of the years they'll, they'll tend to give it sort of one year for basic fundamental research into something like physiology, how cells work or how some cell membranes or, or to something along those lines. and then the next year they'll do it for, for breakthrough medical innovations. and, and, and this is neither nora. this is neither the one thing or the other thing it's, it's, it's, it's a look at the history of human evolution. so it's a,

it is biology it's, it's a feel called evolutionary anthropology, which is really, which is really founded by paypal. but it's, it's, it's neither one that has to do with fundamental research nor one that has to do with medical impact. the other thing that's interesting actually about this is that is that he wanted as an individual, which is pretty rare nowadays because it's the way science of the way. yeah, i generally 2 or 3 generally a split between at least 2 or 3 researcher. so for a couple of different reasons. yeah, it is kind of surprising. and i miss and identified him as derek. a public course, it's fun to pub. excuse me. can you tell us more about 20 pablo science and how he deserved the prize? well, the research that he performed is based on one protect or technology, which is called high throughput genome, ec sequencing, which is the technology. it's a platform that allowed us to, to, to,

to sequence gene genomes very quickly. so, you know, it's what allowed us to do with, through the human genome project, allowed us to, to sequence the genome of modern humans, what, which we all carry. now his idea was to do the same thing, but with extinct branches of archaic humans like neanderthals. for example, but in order to do that and you have to isolate the dna from fossils. now that's a very difficult thing to do. it's, it's much easier to take it directly out of a living human being and isolated and run it through the high throughput machine. but to do it with, with a fossil it's, the dna has disintegrated over the course of hundreds of thousands of years has been contaminated by bacteria and by and, and by the people who dug it up. and so he developed protocols and, and ways of sequencing this and putting it back together that worked quite well and that is allowed us. and then further on, kicking it down the down the down the road to make these kinds of comparisons. it's

this new field that he basically founded called paleo genomics. now now here's the, at the press conference for the award. a member of the academy explained what kind of an impact that's had in how we define ourselves. santa payables to groundbreaking discoveries allow us to address one of the most fundamental questions of all what makes us unique like us, the undertones had a big brains. they lived in groups and they use tools. but these changed very little during hundreds of thousands of years until the neanderthals for unclear reasons disappeared. homo sapiens, on the other hand, rapidly developed complex cultures, figurative art and advanced innovations. they crossed open waters and they spread to all parts of our planet. the basis for this dramatic development must name

genetic changes that occurred after we separated from me on detox, anthony 7th. not so long ago. not so long ago, by the way, is actually really pretty relative because in evolutionary terms, it isn't so long ago, but it's still hundreds of thousands of years. so right. you know, a while ago and just, you know, given that a took a place a long, long time ago in, for people who lived, you know, our life spans. what kind of impact does it have on us? well, this is one of the most interesting things is because as i, as i mentioned earlier it's, it's not, it's not this kind of research doesn't lead to, to products. it doesn't lead to new treatments, which is maybe what you would expect from an award that's given for the prize for medicine and for physiology. but what it has done is it, it, it widens our scope of knowledge about where we come from. i think that that's the most exciting thing and why john,

i personally am so convinced by this award is because it's telling us about where we come from and, and, and by telling us about where we come from in genetic terms, it's also telling us something else about these early archaic humans that didn't make it. and so the question is, is, is why. and so really it's this kind of award or this kind of of topic and getting an award for the nobel prize is for me absolutely a complete fit because it's answering some of the really big questions explaining our story of explaining our story. ok, thank you. so much for that, derek williams, you know, be science while life expectancy in the west still far out strips that for people in poor parts of the world, long overdue progress is being made in africa. world health organization recently announced that health, healthy life expectancy on the continent has gone up from 46 years at the start of the millennium to 56 years in 2019. that's almost 10 extra years in which

a person enjoys good health. key element to extend the healthy life expectancy is improving health care for women. advances and health services like cancer screening could lead to better and more timely treatment. the w. h. o estimated there are some 700000 cancer deaths in africa in 2020 in cameroon . one physician has come up with a device that helps ease cervical cancer. screening for women, d w news is africa correspondent, blaze young reports from young day s no, the sir has regular checkups. surgical cancer can be cheated even did early detection. new screening was more cleanings like this one in the capitol, yolande. that used to be a problem. there's no special his doctor, or any cancer screening machine. these smart device has changed all that.

this is the 1st time, sorry, has tried all the lou calling me keep up. lucy, bestows michelle from out of the screening. i feel totally fine. that's very different to the previous test that i've done from on the speculum, is very different to the multi, the one they used before was often very uncomfortable and income for it did with flemish noise ammunitions. use the metal to call a spec, hulu, to whom of the vagina? many women find that invasive and distressing. have walker, she finding out about the smart device for the 1st time, is made up of a mobile phone and a smart sprinkler. i'm not sure that there's a for the irene can screen her patients with a smart keyed in on the 10 minutes. this is a measure relief or people like her walk in mothers health facilities across the central african nation. said like a level that is true that we do not have

a specialist here at the but tanks to this equipment. we can solicit to help with a specialist from a distance who can help with diagnosing a patient can and provide better care for the patients when they up. he's on salary, the bus so local what it will be broncho, the fancy diesel did. new thing was developed by the of the titles of data for you . oh, camry and medical doctor and entrepreneur dick, actually the device says data in real time, allegro says are right within minutes. then formation is let us as remotely hooked by so schanzer with these objective is that all remained mother were to leave the mother with their found the mother. this was economic levels can have access to our civic against escreen. another point of care with doctor taco hope to launch a small casa skin and innovation across the continent by next year. at the same time, he continues to develop autotech solutions that on south africa's health needs to

day is german unity day. 32 years ago on the 3rd of october, 1990 west germany and the communist east germany came together and formerly were unified. it was the 1st time since the end of the 2nd world war and 1945, that there was a single german state to follow. the soviet union ushered in a new era for a freshly unified germany, but 3 decades on divisions remain the line on the 3rd of october 1990. when to germany's became one again, it was soviet leader gorbachev's, policies of glass not than perestroika had thought about german reunification. the whole of the war marked the beginning of a new chapter for germany and the beginning of a new era of appeasement, between east and west. russia and europe. we sold at 32 is later putin's

worn. ukraine has fundamentally changed that relationship. germany has imposed far reaching sanctions on russia and is now sending heavy weapons to fight russian soldiers on ukrainian soil. and ordinary germans attitudes towards russia have changed. hats full in my image hasn't changed considerably because i hadn't quite expected russia to act with as much brutality as it has actually done. now. um meet us as, as especially in as it have anc isn't good. i have a good image relay that, but the current russian politics are of course not. okay. and i have a personal fears is wrong sir. so. so what was really positive for our reunification then now has to be seen in a totally different line on the scene. while many germans support the government's current policies towards russia, there are significant differences in opinion in the east and west of the country. a recent study shows the satisfaction with the german government's reaction to the invasion of ukraine is lower in the east than in the west. when it comes to

specific policies like the delivery of heavy weapons, the gap becomes even clearer. while 54 percent of germans living in the west are in favor of germany delivering heavy weapons to ukraine. only 32 percent of germans living in the east supported. there is, of course, a reason for this imbalance to nicks him a good. first of all, there is a different historic relationship to the soviet union slash russia, which isn't the soviet union any more. of course on this and i, there are stronger ties to central and eastern europe. but if we did an actin, it would, and just the ukraine that would probably fall, but also poland, the baltic states and so on. and that can be in germany's interests can not in the interest of east german, the south fence on, on it to emigrate or to their selections on getting more east than germans on board with the governments. russia policy will be a hard task more than 30 years after germany was reunited,

divisions remain between the former east and west and here's t w's chief international editor richard walker, talking a little bit more about those divisions. the pretty stock reminder at the brand berg hate here in central berlin today of division still exists in german society. right now. there's a protest going on by groups opposed to corona virus. vaccinations are taking place here at the symbol of german unity and some of those divisions are particularly marked between east and west germany. take, for instance, the willingness to vote for more extreme political parties either at the far left or the far right. both the left party, one of the inheritance of the east german communist party and the a f d at the far right. much stronger in east, in germany than they are in western germany. and what is causing a lot of concern in germany at the moment is you figures suggesting that belief in democracy itself in east and germany is slipping down to just 39 percent of

respondents in a recent government survey saying that they are confident it democracy compared to 59 percent in western germany. so very big difference there between east and west, about their very confidence in the system at this raising concerns about where things go from here in german politics. but it's not all negative for east germany . for instance, in the world of business have been very high profile internationally investments flowing into eastern germany in recent times. just a few months ago in tell the american chip giant announcing that is going to build a chip factory. not far from berlin and also tesla, a pioneer of electric cars, a building a factory, also quite near berlin in the eastern state of brandenburg. and that i think is particularly symbolic because germany's west german dominated car industry has often been accused of being kind of asleep at the wheel slow. they had to take up electric car technology with this move by tesla. moving into eastern germany,

you get a sense of it, but east germany is turning the tables. and finally, a new book at one of his stern bowl oldest landmarks. these drone images were taken after 5 years of restoration work at the cities underground cistern. it was built in $542.00 to supply water to the roman empires, new eastern capital. james bond, fans may also recognize the chamber from the 1963 movie from russia, with love. and reminder, the top story this, our ukranian forces are reported to be recapturing territory in the south of the country in their biggest breakthrough there since the start of the war. an official installed by russia acknowledged that ukraine has made advances in the higher san region. one afford that russia illegally annexed last week. you're watching d. w. news coming up next in d. w, and use asia. why german and peas are visiting taiwan when germany doesn't have

diplomatic ties with. and why caring for one's elderly relatives in india is moving families to business up next d w. news asia, with my call, i've been to join or news the top the hour on spicer with with

ah, who ah facts, it of new not to 50 years. humans are ready to fly to be expensive. i forget what the goal of this mission, john, an astronaut. i'm exam back. guest explains the new race. them to face the

expectations of research and the impulse and the new the mission for the exploration of mob. today. in 60 minutes on d. w. ah, will you become a criminal? mm franklin. i already know that with hackers and paralyzing the tire societies. computers that outs where you and governments that go crazy for your data. we explain how these technologies work, how they can go in for, and that's how they can also go terribly. watch it now on youtube. vibrant habitat ended glistening plates of long the mediterranean sea. it's waters connect to people

of many cultures seen of almost rock and to far abdul karim drift along with exploring modern lifestyles and mediterranean, where it has history left its traces. meeting people hearing their dreams mediterranean during this week, d w. hi, this is d w 's asia coming up to date, a visit to ty, one in the shadow of china, german m p. so they had to promote democratic cooperation. but is that old taiwan once and how to germany's ties with china change things plus, how caring for the elderly is becoming a business instead of the family affair. it used to be how to empower older.