ah, subscribe to the w documentary on you to do. oh, this is deed of the news live from berlin. ukrainian forces achieve their biggest breakthrough in the south of the country since the war began. they have in pressing their offensive in the southern region of higher san juan for regions illegally annexed by moscow last week, after a sham, a referendum orchestrated by the criminal also coming up, brazil's presidential election heads for

a run off vote. neither of the 2 leading candidates, current president, terrible scenario and former leader in louisiana. so little silva perceived the majority in sundays 1st about the nobel prize in medicine. it goes to a swedish scientist, sante pebble. he has been honored for his discoveries relating to the dna of extinct creatures and for his research into human evolution. ah, i'm nick spicer, welcome to the program. ukrainian forces are reported to be recapturing territory in the south of the country in their biggest breakthrough there since the start of the war. officials installed by russia acknowledged that ukraine has made advances in the harrison region, one of 4 that russia illegally annex last week. photos shared on social media appear to show soldiers raising the ukranian flag in several villages. they are

thought to advanced as much as 40 kilometers and a single day. that is yet to be officially verified. d, w is corresponded. nick connelly is in the capital key. i asked him about the reported ukrainian advances in the south of the country will definitely seems like after months so busy had sown was the side show to what we saw in hearty. and it seemed that basically this was something that the cranes were distracting. the russians with, while turning the attentions elsewhere, it does seem that this is now center of attention and this is where all the movement is happening. where previously, the ukrainian forces were pushing at russian pushes from the west from mich alive, in as inter, becoming also from the north, increasingly pushing the russians back and threatened to surround them in certain parts. the problem for the russians that they are basically trapped on the west bank, the deeper river and most the bridges and the connections across that river had been destroyed by ukrainian forces. and now that pontoon bridges and not much else in terms of re supply. and there,

there is the sense of the free expectation here and key of that there will be many, many russian soldiers taken prisoner in the days to come. if this offensive seat turns out to be successful, as is hope. but i think there's a bit heavier here. the information reaching us is often getting to us a day or 2 late and in very limited doses of enough, we're actually getting more information from the russian military blogs about this and from the ukranian side who doing a very good job of keeping storm so so far not much in the where teacher, but it doesn't it seem that now finally, her song is where it's all happening. and it vladimir putin has been threatening the possible use of nuclear weapons. it seems like the united states is taking that threat quite seriously. is this all just bring spend ship or engaging in ours the kremlin? do you think truly desperate enough to take that route? like say that, that that's true. i mean, we've definitely seen more reactions from the u. s. and from retired talk us generals, and that something has really changed people's perception here. and key of who didn't really take these threats very seriously before and sort of basic are empty

talk. and yet brinkman ship from the russian side to kind of symptom of russian weakness. but there is increase in worried that indeed things are going so badly for russia on the battlefield in the conventional battle. and the conventional warfare kind of part of things that indeed rushes nuclear weapons of the last thing . they've got to really scare you. crane and more importantly, perhaps even ukraine's western bacchus. there's definitely a sense that this is a definitely more dangerous situation. we're in now than even just a few weeks ago. and what more can you tell us about russia's military strategy now? is there is there one that's identifiable with 1st $2000000.00 question. and even within kind of russian pro war circles edition, it seems to be a lot of discussion, the argument as to what the strategy is and what it should be. we've been seeing a power battle between the russian army and the people like running a deer of the leader of chechnya. and the man who's known as larry preaching cook, the guy behind the wagner mercenary group,

lots of kind of blame being shifted around there. and there's definitely a sense that things in russia are not going very well. even today we had an announcement from putin's press secretary saying they didn't quite know yet, which bits ukraine, they were going to annex in terms of the actual geography on the ground. if it sounds pretty, to donate school hans, so if they don't even decide and agree on which bits of ukraine, elaine claim to that does speak the fact that things are going pretty badly for the kremlin. and there is a bit of a meltdown going on there. ok d, w correspondent, nick connelly in keith, thanks so much ukrainian forces are also pushing on with their counter offensive in the northeast. yet as russian forces withdraw from the region evidences emerging of a brutal occupation even is not coming back. months after he disappeared, his mother is still trying to figure out what happened. usually one is about the whole year he went to the forest with his friend. to pick up pine cone was to light the samovar to make tele issue as the bridge

a judge. and i never saw him again that melissa, she believes even was tortured in the basement of this house. neighbors identified his body by the jacket he wore from the local grain factory where he worked he had the photo with him over when he was a boy. oh boy, you the town of easy him was among the 1st taken by russian forces after the war started. and it became a command center for them. they set up at least 10 torture sykes ah, andre caught sal was captured shortly after joining the ukraine. an army. once his captors let him go, he sought shelter at a nearby monastery, an immovable they

b. b only where my kidneys and liver are rather than directly in my face. and they beat the hell out of my back. was when you, but they tried not to leave any scars, all most of is young has been destroyed. the city is without electricity, gas, or water. many families rely upon humanitarian 8 to get by one your preparedness. we're here to get close for our children and food. that's what we need. but despite the difficulties after months of terror under occupation, life seems to be slowly returning to the city. brazil's presidential election will be settled in a 2nd round of voting on october 30th. that's after no candidate took an absolute majority votes on sunday. with nearly all the ballads counted, the former president left his louisiana eula. the silver has 48 percent in common

president, the right wing populace jr. a bull scenario receive an unexpectedly strong 43 percent. moderate. see monet ticket is trailing in 3rd place with 4 percent. that i raced means voters now face a tense runoff between the 2 leading candidates rallying for 2 very different kinds of brazil. the mood is festive despite an unexpectedly tight race. many hope a change in leadership will bring about an end to economy, hardship. okay, but as you, why am i celebrating here? because jesse is experiencing difficult dimes for 4 years, we have had a government that has been left to people that isn't give for the people. supporters of left wing candidate and former president lula hope he will make good on a campaign promise to address socio economic inequality is as well as stem and alarming increase in deforestation. was it okay cool. you know,

for the economy is not good. the video quality of life isn't good, but drop market isn't good so that the health system isn't good. we want to make our country better again, lula is remembered by some pretty economic prosperity during his presidency. but supporters of ball scenario also recall louis conviction on corruption chargers a judgement leader overturned. oh, yeah, i think there's a thickened down and we must work live, you call them. it will be the truth against the life. dale wisconsin. oh god against corruption. olivia, that freedom of both denado against the censorship of lula leslie was bol sanara has outperformed. despite being blamed for the economic decline during his term low ball scenario has also faced criticism for miss handling the pandemic . but the level of support for his conservative brand of god, country and family politics is still high. and to put this result in perspective on

join on by valentina so dare, she leads the work on brazil at the atlantic councils. adrian osh latin america center. thanks for joining us. boston our approved the pollsters wrong. it would seem by performing so strongly. why were the predictions? so off the mark? thank you for having me. yes. and he did cru, deposed wrong in a way, many of us are looking at the polls in analyzing some of the things that also happen in 2020 year in the united states. because we're off by how emerging that he was going to lose against law on the 1st round, some predicted even to liquid wayne on this 1st round in that clearly was not the keys. mean you're saying that the expectation there was in the sense of it. so it's not the, it pulls not capturing the tactic, loading, that's what we call it in brazil, not going to is when people decide to go for

a candidate rather than someone that they would actually be more aligned with. so they can actually not have this other in that one they basically going for i'm against e t kind of a team lead workers party. having said that that none of the lease shows gives this extreme difference. not only that, we also have some of the team votes, and that's what we call it when they don't want to necessarily announce the deer voting for one versus the other. so we don't necessarily account for those books. i think that happens well lot with far right? candidates and in elections everywhere. but let me just come back to bull. so narrow could he now when the run off, i think it's possible. i think that on a 2nd run, he has a very, i'm stronger chance of winning as well. i think that this has been happening for the longest time on the average of

a 2nd and actually turning the election in the 2nd round. but i think it's possible it's 5 percent away from the law on the polls are suggesting. but then you also have when you look into the money to vote, which is about 4 percent and then see what it means, which is about 3 percent that they have in percent of the vote. you have others there to include to. so he could, he could, there is a possibility that he could let me ask you this, you're describing what sounds like a real horse race. and if you could briefly, what kind of campaigns to expect the 2 candidates to, to conduct know. so i think that they will both be specially low will be trying to signal to the center. i think that, i mean, his vice president is actually going to be in court and think you're in this sense, we have a congress that is highly that was highly elected in terms of both the matter supporters and some right wing candidates. he's there that were successful,

so especially when we think about a potential administration, this is also going to be a challenge when governing in terms of the campaign itself. i think we're gonna have to wait to see what the money damage in cedar go means will end up doing. but then also looking at paying close attention to those things from voting this round and seeing if that will change on the 2nd round as well as the blank in knows that we're about 4 percent extension was about 20 percent of votes or non voters. so this is also something to look into and it is specific important data to, to pay attention to. ok, we look forward to talking to you after that run off valentine, aside from the law to counsel, thanks so much. let's take a look at some of the other stories making news around the world. iran's parliamentary speaker has warned. unrest could de stabilize the country as anti government protest continue. videos shared on social media show dozens of riot police surrounding tay rounds. sharif university overnight. local media said police

beat students and fired tear gas. officials say 40 people have died since protest began outside observer say the figure is, are higher in indonesia, a police chief has been fired and 9 others suspended after a weekend stampede. at a football stadium, left a 125 people did. a spokesman said malign cds, chief of police, had been replaced as part of an inquiry into a tragedy. dozens more officers are being investigated for unethical behavior. i think that british prime minister list trust is reversing her plans to slash taxes for the wealthy. the policy has sparked a rebellion in her own party and led to turmoil on the financial markets. the decision is likely to put trust leadership under increasing pressure less than 4 weeks after she came to power. and voice from the economic community of west african states are expected to arrive in burkina faso on tuesday,

following the country's 2nd military coup in less than 9 months. the new self declared leader, very trial ray has accepted the resignation of the countries. now ex president photo, he is and i do go that me but was toppled by junior army officers on friday and has now fled to tow go. the crew has part concern him a world powers as the region bottles of growing is list insurgency. and for more on this, we're joined now by henry wilkins, a journalist in well, good to go. the i was to president to me, but it's gone. what's the atmosphere in the capital right now? for the i'm assuming is much calmer than it was like the last 3 days when the key resigns to be taking place. today, people are becoming back in the business to a fee prior to all people taking the streets in the middle of the city to celebrate the arrival of new to the very small numbers. as far as i've had so far,

it's more common than it than i have been up to the last 3 days. earlier we saw celebrations in the streets. people grieving the new leader. what are the hopes that people there are placing on travel re? absolutely, the main thing is that the, they, they want to emphasize insecurity. i mean, the country's been conflict for around about 7 years now. waves conflict who's loving states and al qaeda, the democratic government, which was in power until january this year, was unable to send the insecurity. the military to was empower for just a month from january, 3 to this weekend. also unable to to stem the insecurity 3 expectation is that this time? because because con lucky hope and voice is as i was saying from, from the west, african block echo us are expected to visit bertina faster. what,

what kind of challenges they face? i think it's very clean, very big challenge. i mean, certainly with the previous military and so which took power in january, they managed to get them to commit to transition periods where they in theory they would have the insecurity and then revert back to a 3 democrats stick government. now, we've, the vision to the, came in this weekend is looking likely that they want to haul solutions to the security problem to maybe turning more in the direction of russia for instance, support. so it's quite possible that the, the, the international community and the regional community may struggle to, to create a working relationship with the agents. okay. henry wilkins and journalists in what could do to, thanks so much for that insight. thank you. this year's nobel prize for medicine

has been awarded for genetic research on human evolution. swedish scientist wanted pebble was, is known for sequencing the genome of the neanderthal and extinct species closely related to modern humans. they also discovered that in nice over another, extinct early human relative, he show that both contributed genes that still exist in modern humans. so addressing these intriguing questions. and for more on this, i'm joined body w senior science correspondent derek williams. to break it all down for us. thanks for being here. derek. is this a surprise? well, i, i found a quite surprising actually because generally when you, when you follow the nobel prize is the price for medicine breaks down into one of 2 different things. and they sort of tend to alternate. first of all, there's the, there's the, the prices that are awarded for sort of fundamental research into things like physiology that we're talking about, cellular research last year for example. it was given for, for particular stimulus cells that communicate with your brain. and then that sort

of tends to alternate with, with breakthrough medical research. so, so new research that led to new treatments or radical new therapies. and this is, isn't the one it is, and the other is this is from a field called evolutionary anthropology. so it's looking at the biology of humanity in general and comparing it to what we've seen in the past with other species or sub species of humans in archaic times in archaic eon. so it is kind of interesting and surprising that it would be given for this, but actually when i think about it, there's no other place that it really fit. so it makes sense to honor the, a war here. and given that it's, can you tell us a little bit about this, the science behind this surprise, what, what was done there? will a lot of the science behind this surprise, it has to do with a technology platform called high throughput genome. it sequencing. now that's the, that's the technology that enabled us to also examine our own genome. so the

genomes of modern human beings, what's the genome that's in you? and that's in me. and what paper, what he, what he did was he applied this powerful technology for sequencing genomes. to fossil so neanderthal fossils and, and ultimately the goal by doing that that's, that's not a simple thing to do because that dna, when you isolated, isolated from a, from a fossil, has been hang around for a couple 100000 years. it's degraded and imagine degraded. it's, it's contaminated with, with, with environmental bacteria. so there, it wasn't a simple process to do that he refined that process. and then that led then, of course, to the ability to say the neanderthal genome look like this. and we can compare it to modern human genome. this that it's an entire field, it's known as, as paleo gen no, mixed now, and he's kind of the grand old man of that particular field. in fact, earlier today, the researcher himself explained a little bit more about what paleo genomics are exact. the thing that is amazing to

me is that, you know, have some ability to go back in time and actually follow genetic history and connect to canes is overtime. and for me is particularly fascinating to do that. the nar opened image for humans and articles, the relatives now the tolls and the next ones. but this is not just we're human evolution. of course, it is for many groups in the world of studying manual organ, this plan, 16th animals, pathogens, and so on. it's a possibility to begin to actually look on evolution in real time like have illusion. and in real time, as a biologist myself, i find that really a pretty amazing concept. so cool. yeah. and so kind of a time machine years talking about earlier or he was sort of referencing it is kind of mind blowing doesn't have any effect on our day to day lives. well it,

as i said, it was it's, it's not one that's going to have a direct effect actually on our day to day lives. it's not going to lead to breakthrough new medicines or, or, or new diagnostics. it's, it's not that kind of work that he's done, but what it's done is what it, that's the kind of work that actually looks at the history of humanity and it looks . so it's something that's, that should be near and dear to all of us. we want to know where we came from and how we interacted in the past and why we became homeless safety and safety and looking at these extinct lineages of human beings and the way and with the ability to that he's given us to do it. with that kind of exactitude is really helping to answer some, some really big fundamental questions about humanity. ok to abuse derek williams from the to the science. thanks. the insight today is german unity day, 32 years ago on the 3rd of october in 1990 west germany and the communist east. germany came together and formerly reunified. it was the 1st time since the end of

the 2nd world war and $945.00, that there was a single german state. the fall of the soviet union ushered in a new era for a freshly unified germany, but 3 decades on divisions remain. ah berlin, on the 3rd of october 1990, when to germany's became one again. it was soviet leader gorbachev's policies of glass not than perestroika had thought about german reunification. the fall of the war marked the beginning of a new chapter for germany, and the beginning of a new era of appeasement, between east and west, russia and europe. it weighs all that 32 years later. putin's war in ukraine has fundamentally changed that relationship. germany has imposed far reaching sanctions on russia and is now sending heavy weapons to fight russian soldiers on ukrainian soil. and ordinary germans attitudes towards russia have changed.

hats full in my image hasn't changed considerably because i hadn't quite expected russia to act with as much brutality as it has actually done. now to meet us as, as especially in as it have anc isn't good to have a good image relay that. but the current russian politics are of course not. okay, and i have a personal fears is wrong sir. little what was really positive for our unification then now has to be seen in a totally different line on the scene. while many germans support the government's current policies towards russia, there are significant differences in opinion in the east and west of the country. a recent study shows the satisfaction with the german government's reaction to the invasion of ukraine is lower in the east than in the west. when it comes to specific policies like the delivery of heavy weapons, the cap becomes even clearer. while 54 percent of germans living in the

west are in favor of germany delivering heavy weapons to ukraine. only 32 percent of germans living in the east supported. there is of course, a reason for this imbalance to make some a good. first of all, there is a different historic relationship to the soviet union slash russia, which isn't the soviet union any more. of course, on this and i, there are stronger ties to central and eastern europe. but if we did an actin, it wouldn't just the ukraine that would probably fall, but also poland, the baltic states, and so on or before. and that can be in germany's interests, can notice in the interests of each german, the south fence on, on the immigrant. although selections on getting more east than germans on board with the government's russia, policy will be a hard task. more than 30 years after germany was reunited, divisions remain between the former east and west. an extremely rare diamond is going under the hammer at sotheby's auction house in hong kong. the giant 11.15,

carrot, fancy, vivid pink star, is expected to fetch more than 21000000 euros at the sale. this coming friday is the 2nd largest of its kind ever to be offered at auction. said that he says pink is one of the rarest diamond colors to occur naturally and vivid tink stones are even rarer than diamond originated at tens. and he is williams in mind. which has been criticized for allegedly mistreating workers. finally, a new look at one of his stern bulls oldest landmarks. these drone images were taken after 5 years of restoration work at the cities underground cistern. it was built in the year 542 to supply water to the roman empires, new eastern capital, james bond. fans might also recognize the chamber from the 1963 movie from russia with love. and a reminder, the top news store this, our ukrainian forces are reported to be recapturing territory in the south of the

country in their biggest breakthrough there since the start of the war. an official installed by russia acknowledged that ukraine has made advances in the harrison region. one of 4 that russia illegally annexed last week of next mission to the moon german astronaut alexander guest talks to d. w. about white lunar exploration is so important. stay tuned for that and more in detail using the science show tomorrow to date comments foster, thanks for watching. in with

you. back to the moon up to 50 years. humans are ready to fly to be offensive life again . most of the goal that this mission, john an astronaut exam back guest, the new race and sustain the expectations of re such as the impulses of the new,

the mission for the exploration of mas i tomorrow to take that next d w ah has no limits. love is for everybody. love is live with love matters and that's my new podcast. i'm evelyn sharma. and i really think we need to talk about all the topics that north divide and denied that this. i have invited many deer and well known guests. and i would like to invite you to an in how did she become at all for hitler's favorite director and how to become

a forgotten filled pioneer. leniently french died and arnold funds between hitler and hollywood. in 1932, they set out into the icy wilderness of greenland to create a life threatening a film project that became a major milestone in their lives. love, seduction. power ice cold passion starts october 8th on d. w. hen hydro electricity be generated without any home to fish or the environment between vision and reality. all the amazing properties of super conducted materials suited for everyday use. plus the mysterious planet 9 really exist.