and the tiller of sticks and society taxes the right to loving taxes and the obligation to pay them both inherent in the sovereignty of relation states and their citizens. but what happens when the power of taxation is undermined? you pay won't pay taxation and politics starts october 21st on d w with ah ah, welcome to global 3000 empty seats. how brazil schools are trying to attract students back to class hot. i and the steel industry

needs to clean up. it sounds good is that even possible? and low current? how south africans cope with an erotic energy supply and without electricity, our modern world would grind to a halt. no power means no. mobile phones, no internet access bridges, no heating, no cash machines, trains at a standstill and no petrol either. and crucially to it means douglas, according to one study last year alone, 350000000 people worldwide experienced major power outages. why do they happen? poor maintenance of power plants lack of modernization or simply to few power plants for the growing demand. on top of this climate change driven extreme weather regularly brings down power lines and pilots. in sounds, africa had cancer,

a frequent occurrence for years, the state attic tricity supply has struggled to meet demands. they've spent the means to find a way around when it's dark and the power goes out. it's especially hard 2 and a half hours of total darkness and large parts of pseudo because the national energy provider can't generate enough power and it happens up to twice a day. for no, to love debate, it means that her scans won't be ready in time. they need to be banked fresh each day if they're to sell like hot cakes. normally business is good enough for nope, which will the do bet and her daughter to get by. but recent weeks have been tough . the power was switched off daily in their district. a state mandated energy saving measure, known in south africa as load shedding. you know,

changing duty jo, chugging is driving us crazy. i've seen them. i have a small business and we're trying to grow. but this is holding us back a long time. we gazed in, sometimes i have things in the oven when they shut off the electricity and i can't finish baking them in, then they all have to be thrown out. agatha, she's angry at the government, 2 and a half hours without electricity means getting her scorns to market that much later . and then cuts into her earnings the whole country is suffering as a result. for the past 15 years, south africa state owned electricity provider has had to interrupt supply to certain areas to prevent the power grid from collapsing. however, this winter has been especially hard and it's affecting all sections of the population. janice schecter is an entrepreneur who also runs a guest house and one of johannesburg wealthy suburbs. her life is organized around

the power outages. so we have it, whoa, whoa, f that shows pers suburb where we're going to have mckinney that we're going to have stays went from 7 am to 4 pm and not every one on the group is going to serve in the or suburb. the power will be switched off every night this week. at least there stove runs on gas. so luckily we could finish making dinner. we can, we can, we can be on line for on, on the call. usually we actually sit and chat. i. yeah, there we go. okay, sir. okay, so would i need to do a need to get some lights on? well, yes sir, janet schechter turns on the battery powered lights that were charged during the day and are distributed throughout the house, powered by

a battery. and this recharge as, while the power is her husband brings a battery powered light for the stairs. so no one falls down has been coming down. is this a, this is the darker side of south africa, so that august's of 5, the country has all the raw materials. it needs to produce energy, mainly domestic coal. it's bad for the environment, but there is enough of it. there are enough power plants to but after years of mismanagement and corruption, there so poorly maintained that they're feeling more and more often. the power has never gone out as often as it has this winter. those who can afford it are making themselves independent from the state power grid in johannesburg. many are installing solar panels the ideal solution and a land where the sun shines for 9 hours a day. even in winter. that's crazy busy. it's a fixed rate in the demand to people wouldn't understand. we getting up to 500 phone calls

a day. a lot of the people that tell us just money. it's so long. take lunch in the power cuts are promoting the use of green energy, but only for those who have enough money. most people here can't afford the roughly 15000 euro investment. for many years ago i to we, we headed the electric stove and we made it a conscious decision to move away from electricity. we had a nice serene top glass top and we moved away from the the glass top and we went to guess. i would suggest to 2 people out there to look for you. alternate of sources . look at green energy. look at your solas a and see what's available on the market. he advises people to have as many different energy sources as possible. that way there's a back up if one power source fails. but that's too costly for people in the

townships. not only do they have to live with the power outages, the constant shut offs have damage. no, go to the do bed stove. it's still heat, but only on the highest setting teacher or an offer. yeah. get back to me that i had to go to meeting and i wish the government would listen to us because it's not just my stove that's broken. it's my fridge has stopped washing my tail with keith . when the power came back on, there was a power surge. and now i don't have a fridge. let a government good tell us when a let this thing and and she just doesn't make enough money with her scans to buy new ones. in europe to the war in ukraine has led to rising energy costs and fears of fuel shortages. more than 50 percent of the energy used in germany's manufacturing sector comes from electricity and gas. the chemical and metal industries are the biggest consumers, but they also offer the greatest potential when it comes to reducing our overall

energy consumption and cutting greenhouse gas emissions. this of the metal that makes the modern world tick. imagine life without it. now cause homes dodge electricity, but this one, the material that alive the built around, terry, the dirty secret that nobody's talking about. the steel industry is responsible for jaw dropping, 8 percent of the wealth, greenhouse gas pollution. and bizarrely, we're actually going to need a lot more of it to clean up our economies. so how can we make steel green and what's wrong with the industry favorite solutions? there are 2 reasons. the steel making process is so dirty. the 1st, if purifying thine or needed the steel by heating, i annoy the charco, fires o mixing it with coca cola and big blast furnaces. you can extract pure iron from rock. that's because oxygen atoms in the iron ore fly off and bind with carbon

atoms in the cold. what's left behind is essentially pure iron known as reduced. i'm and a whole late of sierra to the 2nd reason steel sat said that it takes colossal amounts of energy to power this process. and most of that comes from you guessed it, burning coal today. 72 percent on the global level are produced by other productions out. this is vito, a touch go steel analyst at german climate think tank a got any given to. he says we're running out of time. the investment decision, steel make of make to day a crucial because the coal fired blast furnace of have a lifetime of 15 to 20 years. and after that need to be repaired or retired. the 2020, a very critical became in disregard because more than 70 percent of the global

blast phone fleet will reach the end of the campaign lives and require reinvestment and re investment decision. so what should still make us be doing right now? i do j hydrogen, hydrogen gym wonders of hodgen hydrogen gas and fuel that can be made cleanly with renewable energy much less cleaning with fossil gas. if you reduce ion or with hydrogen, oxygen atoms no longer react with carbon atoms to make c o 2. instead, they react with hydrogen atoms to make h to the beauty about this concept is yes, you need a new production process. but as a byproduct, you have water instead of 2 and, and this is how we can make the fuel making process. the 2nd step is then feeding the purified ion into an electrical venice. these devices meltdown scrap steel or reduced. i am with high currents of electricity

that turn them into liquid state. and ideally they would be running on electricity made from renewable energy. that's pretty much what swedish steel make a s s a b did last year when it delivered the wealth 1st batch of fossil free steel to comic of over europe. steel make the betting that hydrogen will be the future of steel right now. it costs more to make it this way. but if the gas prices stay high in carbon taxes, rise, switching away from fossil fuels will become increasingly attracted from a business perspective too. but of course, using hydrogen learned doesn't make steel, greek. it's a process with several layers, kind of feels like an onion. this is caitlin wallack. a steel analyst at the u. s. based non profit global energy monitor. the 1st layer is to make sure your electric arc furnace unit is running completely on like green energy. but then you need to make sure that the reducing agent and the direct reduce iron plants is hydrogen.

but that's not enough. you have to make sure that that hydrogen is actually being produced through an electrolyzer that's operating on 100 percent green. ah, renewable energy. sir, time for hydrogen, right? well, unfortunately, we're the catch. you need a lot of hydrogen like really loads, making all the seal into you out of hydrogen would require about 6000000 tons of the gas. just to satisfy the steel industries hydrogen needs. you need almost as many wind turbines that you have to date is not impossible, but it is a logistical nightmare. one of the big challenges is where we build these hydrogen ah, production facilities. it needs to happen in places that have that renewable energy capacity. the problem so far is lots of still making regions don't have that capacity for at least don't have plans to build a top anytime soon. and piping more shipping green hydrogen from elsewhere requires

infrastructure to do so. and that all means hydrogen can't be the whole solution. but the powerful way to simplify the problem that sounds almost too good to be true . recycling you might not expect it, but still is already one of the most recycled materials in the world. more than a quarter of the steel may to day comes from recycled scrap steel that nobody needs . that's basically because the 1st step of purifying iron or is expensive melting. not all steel. well, that's much cheaper. we have a rising, stuck up global steel scrat because whenever a car, when ever a breached when ever a building beaches the end of its life time is steal. scrap is collected sorted, and then can be melted in electric arc finances to produce new still reciting will steal, could massively help in cutting the industries energy demand. but their element

each time you press a steel little impurities like copper and nichol can sneak in and weaken the metal . that means you caught re cyclic forever. a 3rd solution is keep the blasphemous as we're already using, but catch the emissions before they escape into the atmosphere. that's what advocates of common capture cooling for. fossil fuel companies say, the principal is simple. stick a box on top of the polluting pipe and suck up the c or 2 that comes out so you can use it and industry oh stuart, safely underground. the reality is trickier. today, capture rates are often low and casa hot. what's more of the fossil fuel industry has used the promise of common capture and storage will cease? yes. as an excuse to keep on polluting. but when it comes to the colonizing heavy industries, i must do broadly agree that c c s of the vital role to play alongside hydrogen. we're way behind and where will departmental shelton going? and this is largely down into complete inaction on the of the policy level. this is

eva penner from the cleaner task force. it's one of the few environmental organizations calling to put money into capturing carbon. one of the reasons why we, you know, we don't know answers to questions like capture rates or how would it work on a commercial scale is because seo companies, how them, how to actually reduce their mission. the international energy agency expects carbon capture to cover half of will steal production by 2050, the climate friendly scenario. if it works, it would free up hydrogen to be used in other processes that are also hot clean. but to date, we don't really know what share of a mission c. c s can actually capture from steel. if steel make a stick to blast finances, but ccf doesn't quickly become cheap or efficient. the cold a burn, we'll just keep on polluting. we console steel by giving up on it, but there's a huge amount policy makes and companies can do to get the tech solutions working

access to education, a shared learning environment and a group of peers barely anything is more important for children. but the corona virus pandemic turned life upside down for around one point. 5000000000 children worldwide. with schools closed homeschooling and remote learning became the reality for many education was already a global issue. even before the pandemic, the 258000000 children worldwide had no access to schooling, the pandemic made the situation much worse. for months, 463000000 children found themselves out of school. and even in early 2022, millions of children were missing from classrooms. most schools have reopened, including in brazil, but many children, a still staying away to i. hey victoria,

lima loves to slew the route. she wagner and gabrielle have tough cases to solve together there for school detectives on a special mission lies them again and if you go back and i l u vomiting got that was c. as in nancy, we're detectives, because we look for missing students and bring them back to you. nancy can also in which one when this school in rio de janeiro re opened a year ago, almost half the students didn't return. during the pandemic, homeschooling was an illusion, says principal carolina taylor, a lot of students have no smartphone or internet access. they stay away, but schoolmates, track them down with a penguin, asian with asian life. it's good for the children themselves to play a major role. you think they can motivate their classmates in the say, i'm here, learn any, come and join us like he them say the wish to land. the school sleuths are inspired by budding detectives from tv shows and the principal found their outfits in

carnival collections. dressing up makes the paperwork more bearable. together they pour over lists. students who are often absent or fell to hand in assignments will get a phone call later or personal visit 1000 students. one goal with visitors don't cancel in the wrong things on the street. they should come to school and learn something valuable. every one should go to school in bush oh, carolina taylor looks out for her students. here their days are structured and they receive a meal and moral support for to annie. her principal is a role model and confidant. i wish this isn't for martha. the children need to change their reality themselves at age. now the school is open and waiting for them as quiet that may i but by wild ways. yeah, they are planning to pay a surprise visit today. have you though? not far away from the school. cutlass edwardo is also looking for missing students

. known as car do, he's one of the few who venture into the fabulous insert of them are clues my place . socially invisible is a bit of extra help. people don't talk about already. affirmative fuel guy. there's nothing here active. it's me present. it of forgotten place. dorothy, now i got gauge garcia, students are older, so instead of studying many of them work to help support their families. will he find missing students here? anyone who wants to enter this for vale or needs to know someone like silver people year work without contracts or future security. and as brazil social inequality grows. so do the fabulous. without it to cation car do, says it's impossible to get a good job. suddenly high school dropout, gabrielle shows up nice all up, but on which one would apply? no, savage, air conditioners of the scrap yard. with this i watched up on the new system you

dropped out before the pandemic. right. right. and phonology, and i've been in a couple of lunch, gabriella, before the pandemic. but like so many, we weren't able to reach emily about. he's one of those who dropped down. i mean, for you, i could do hope gabrielle will return and that schools won't have to close again. due to curve at 19 each qualify closer cools, be no safe space, no food, no education. meanwhile, carolina taylor and his students, suwannee visit marlena, the face of the check her when school reopened her children didn't show 3 missing kids. with the same last name, the detectives alerted the principal the one long when the student may area to me, they all shouted at the principal, catalina. then everyone knew i was tell you that. but if i go back then she popped by in person because marlena didn't realize school has started again despite

all the news in the papers and on social media. that's because marlena is illiterate. you don't wish you can look, i can bosky, i don't want my children to be like me. i can't read and write and i want them to go to school and have a future scala. wonderful, thank you ma'am. a lot of students will need years to catch up back at the school, the 3 detectives are handing out documents for the new academic year. after the holidays they'll be moving on to high school. they all plan to keep on studying. oh boy, you know, things going to prefer my dream is to be a teacher and a principal though. so i need to work hard lab. i don't my some a proof that i'm the bow of the tree. i will have to be replaced by 3 new detectives. as they have accomplished their mission, by the end of the school year, almost all of the missing students were back in class.

a dog is a person's best friends. well, they're suddenly one of the world's most popular domesticated animals. estimates suggest around 470000000 dogs accept his pets worldwide. but the picture is not always as rosie as this one. millions of dogs a cast out by their owners. every year. they end up in rescue centers or roam the streets as strays. exact statistics are hard to come by, but animal rights activists suggest as many as 202500 1000000. and the pandemic st . made things worse. poco has a new sweater. something he could have only wished for when he was still living on the street. but now when he has a new owner, they're not as i do me a buck for more of them, it ice, it was love at 1st. scientifically. when i saw him, i thought he so beautiful as will believe that what he also seem incredibly old.

only dow cool, but i'm pretty sure he was abandoned. and when i look back, i'd been back or likely doesn't remember much about his former life. he was probably left on the street by his previous owner at the beginning of the pandemic in los angeles. go much the only allowed thought as was there. and he couldn't see out of one eye and the vents, suggested surgery to remove it if they thought he'd been bayport very badly for the war. so he underwent an operation. they seem to hear you slaps animal rights. activist. andrea galindo was the one who found him, that when i said the death during lockdown, rumors circulated that post a threat to every dog in bogota that via the user. if what that really. but okay, it was a horrible that people thought that dogs were spreading cove it. oh, don't know. people just abandoned them. no matter how long they had the dogs to what i have even 7 years inc, or yet they those tanya,

it was just merciless and terribly hard on the animal. and we thought, oh my daughter, what they were used to surviving on the streets outside of mckayden, suddenly they were alone. i gave her pills in those hill lip about for over 2 years, volunteers have been working to care for the strays they collect food and trying to provide veterinary care. but there are just too many dogs and bills as at the almost everything. yes, we receive donations and people help us. i don't. there is a lot of solidarity. young echo more by ease i asked, but people have to be able to afford it. yes, yes. one good on this. and there's a lot of social inequality in our country. jack cons, ha, and that means that we can't take care of all the animals on the mileage. some of the dogs are lucky and find a new home like poco did. the son of paco's owner is really happy about having

a new family member and polco. clearly, he's pretty happy too much with that. there are too many stray dogs running around, but we can improve their lives. yes, i'm you for animal welfare activist, andrea galindo, paco's new life is validation enough for her work. she is lost count of how many dogs she's helped, and every animal she finds has a place in her heart known as i think. i feel, you know, it's hugely gratifying. i always tell myself that's one animal of humor that suffering but too few strays are as lucky as poco. his new owner says faith led him to her. is legal. these i, because the pandemic gave us pocket for kennels i was case a give to a war last year. we have no idea how much you change your life that did it in left

field. i think he was predestined to find us. so look at 4 more, it just take him 3 years to find ourselves. the goal is to be fun. this is his home, but it does look awesome. there are still over 60000 stray dogs in bogota. each one also hoping to find a forever home and that's all from us at global 3000 this week and do drop us a line to global 3000 at d, w dot com and check out our facebook page d w global ideas. see you next week ah, [000:00:00;00]

with who i see to africa. droughts are hitting rwanda hard this year. now the government is taking action by providing free access to ground water and teaching people how to

use it sustainably of power. firstly, every one is responsible for protecting it was jeff. secondly, we have to know how to use the water without wasting it. eco africa. in 30 minutes on d. w. on the road with caravans. along the ancient trade, we discover a country between prefabricated buildings and 1001 night between nomadic tradition and modern life style oo discover. because tom travelling the silk road by train in 75 minutes on dw how did she become at off hitler's favorite director? and how did he become

a forgotten so pioneer linearly finch diet and unload funk a documentary about love seduction and power ice. cold passion starts october 8th on d. w. hello guys. this is the 77 percent. the platform for africa. you to repeat issues and share ideas. you know, on these channels, we are not afraid to. stockton denny kips toughie. young people clearly have the solution. good future loans to the 77 percent every weekend on the w. b. oh, frankfurt a ha, international gateway to the best connections, self road and rail located in the out of europe. you are connected to the whole

world to experience outstanding shopping and dining offers and johnny alice services all be all a guest at frankfurt. airport city managed by frappe waterloo . ah, ah, ah, they said, do you have any news live from berlin, ukrainian troops to retake more territory as they make rapid advances against retreating russian forces. president lansky says troops have liberated dozens of towns in the past week. ukrainian forces are now pressing their camp for offensive