oh, a ended glistening place of long mediterranean sea have almost hard and so far, dual career drift along with exploring modern lifestyles and the mediterranean meeting. people actually hearing their dreams like you to me journey this week. do you w ah, with oceans are one of the most important, an elementary fall of life on the stabilizer climate system and spoke

a few times more greenhouse gases than the atmosphere. in fact, they are the most important goblins sink on our planet. they're also home for hundreds of thousands of marine species with saliva is crucial to our life on, on, on ego india. today, let's talk about what's being done to take care of fido ships. hello, and welcome. i'm some of that for our 1st story. we don't go very far, just a few kilometers from here in will by marine life and especially coral colonies. sure. are threatened by pollution and environmental degradation. a collective of young marine activists is working to create awareness and safeguard the city school . slide number is known for being india's financial copy for its beat, friends, and densely populated discreet. but when the tides recede from its shoreline,

every day, the real a part of the city you that only a few of its residents have ever seen. clear this, this been things you can see. basically these are 8 capsules of one from the enclosure musics. ok locally called blocks in it. yeah. plenty of them are there. and one died in the snails where you can see it for deep, but dodge is a sill who teaches water sports on the side. he started coming out in 2018 book and camera in hand to walk the shoreline. oh wow. where is it? place one, 0, maybe julie julian al, because the color is not being ha simple. and it started pretty serendipitously for him. one day when i was scanning fisherman's name, i got to see you and see horse in fisherman's, nate, entangled, stay

a small animal lake. 3 inches long, it was very close though shore. i don't find it because from our shores towards now remembering. and i was legs that are a so much of life every there to quarter. so i do to see vans. spawn years. it's late. i bought it in 2018 petard is started documenting the cost today. dozens of volunteers walked with him and 4 other members of his group now called maureen life. mom, by looking for vital life that has still far remained largely unseen. one member of the group signing night uses photography to reveal the ecosystem. he has photographed new the bronze corals, sauntered octopuses in the starfish, among other small to microscopic species. here the deem has set up an organization called ghostly conservation foundation. and along with other members like sean at monty,

their goal is to secure legal protection for the species the document we have along with the war for protecting light. we don't even know one exist till so we go from shore brochure during lot aids. what that does is basically builds a baseline for mission of all the marine dollars. if the of the city we really want other people to make use of the need that recollecting. in fact, we will have a fantasy organs wondering a dissertation have use our data and it has been used in news articles in our, in the court. what we want is mobile. people don't provide deductible the database and what every stakeholder to make use of it, including the government and natalie's while this community works above water. another resident of mom buy goes under 23 year old scooper dive, who read the book has a similar love story with the ocean. and the idea for me was to go and explore what exactly other mysteries of the ocean that i am not able to comprehend. living and bon b, and i wanted to see marine life. i wanted to see sharks monday store do the lead

will natural habitat, bubner photographs, a coral reef and the life around to just show residence. what's down there? she then conduct workshops with locals, including fishing and other local communities. the hope is to mobilize people into standing up against pollution and see that that has been flowing into the ocean, destroying happy dots. so i think for any community or for any individual to realize the importance of climate change, they really need to see what's happening. and because the oceans are so polluted in bombay, they cannot seek oils down. they cannot see the marine life clearly. and to educate more people about god a life. what we do is we host workshops where we project beautiful images of gardens as well as many life and educate people that these things are there in the oceans. and they need to be protected because we are being threatened. so the and ideas, the stead awareness to the level i been know that this beautiful moody life as

a to you, i, nation's actually impacting them. bit therefore work towards saving it. the bit thread that all citizens groups are up against at the moment is a 1600000000 euro high. the project that is blown in this area. it was supposed in court, but the city authorities defended its viability and one, the case the court do has asked the city to cross look into coral life elsewhere, but people like google not concerned how that will affect the entire system if the cottons don't survive. so it is, i the basic unit off the muddy in ford ecosystem. display plans are the basic units of the land ecosystem and the land 14 served part of the day. the small officials are going to die as a result of that. and the larger fishes i'm going to die on the in diety, in reborn together and separately, concern citizens of them. boy are working in their own knishes to push the cause of by life and bio diversity in the city for my mission is to give the

see it's new. it's not being done right now. and i wanted to be done. when we look at protection, when we look at the holidays and when you look at the location, it's done for sort in 3 feet. why? because the ecological important. oh, why? i just lost me to like a lot of mean. what have you studied? are we others we should still see that they are not important and war. we will decide what is important wanted they may be level equal to somebody or normal. i will. i will, my, my in is to have a more holistic vision for our shoreline and our to dig the team house documented to were 500 to small and virtually invisible, a species along on bicycles. by drawing attention to the ready existence, the citizen warriors hoped on shore, valuable marine life can continue to fulfil its role and more vice environment.

now safeguarding marine life is very commendable and the need of the hour. but sometimes we're faced with difficult choices. for example, when extracting rare resources from the seat that could enable a more sustainable energy supply. manganese nodules are one such case. they contain valuable metals that can be used in batteries, e, carves, and solar panels. but is the deep sea mining of these nod youth? environmentally friendly? let's find out. cobalt copper and nickel. their own was a known as transition metals. they're all around us. and yet a considered rare elements. we need them to make batteries, smartphone, laptops, electric cars, photovoltaic systems, and other types of power storage. the extractable amounts of copper,

cobalt and nickel is very limited. these results is could soon be exhausted. that's especially true of cobalt. it's estimate said that the global demand for it could double by 2026. the largest cobalt reserves are in congo and australia, where it's often mind under a pooling working conditions. poly metallic nodules from the c bed could alleviate the problem. it's been estimated that they contain around 270000000 tons of nickel, 230000000 tons of copper and 50000000 tons of cobalt. oh, the nodules is spread across large areas of the sea bed at a depth of between 3 and a half $1006.00 and a half 1000 meters. oh, in environments that have hardly been explored,

poly metallic. no. jose grow very slowly and require a steady supply of oxygen, as well as a constant stream of arc take deep water. just how those no jewels grow is a pretty complex process. but in simple terms, it all starts with minute organic particles like shell splinters or fragment of shocks. tooth over millions of years. metallic compounds dissolved by the sea water accumulate around those particles and grow about to send to me to every 1000000 years until that the size of potatoes, or even cauliflower heads. the 1st of findings of pulling metallic nadia ones are actually done by the challenge expedition. 1874, that's been a long, long time. and they just brought up a few with towards where they took sediment samples of interest

for economists. stoddard, really in the, in the seventy's people found out that these metals are in there. and that that's where it sparked more awful exploration. oh, so scientists and not the only ones interested in poly metallic nodules. a lot of companies are also came to extract and exploit them. deep sea mining advocates say procuring the nodules from the sea is more sustainable than conventional mining. no forests are destroyed and no mining galleries have to be built. there would be no child, labor or toxic fumes. the no jewels could simply be collected from the sea bed, at least theoretically, but one of the problems engineers are facing is the high pressure present in the deep sea. no machines have been able to harvest the nodules on the sea bed in a commercially viable way. yet, machines that looked like vacuum cleaners currently being tested.

other prototypes are also in development. the biggest concern is the impact this technology could have on marine wild life because it won't just be sucking up not jewels as it moves along the sea bed. so who makes the rules that govern the deep sea? it say you an organization called the international c bed, all sorority in 1994, the e u and a 167 countries signed a multi lateral agreement that regulates deep sea mining. so far, the sea bed authority has only approved licenses to research the poly metallic modules, not mine them. a german research project has been studying the effects of deep sea mining for several years. the g o ma research center and the max planck institute for marine micro biology participated in the project. they discovered that the

nodules play an important role for the c bed foreigner by providing a vital habitat for sea creatures. ah, ah, we saw that a lot of these manganese nodules, harry resorted for. no, sir, you have glass upon just and then you can literally like for example to live. so you have long stalks and then you have is born men main body on top and they am really grow attached to the nozzles and they can hold a variety of species. the research project simulated the effects of deep sea mining in an area of a few square kilometers of sea bed. the dimensions of large scale commercial, deep sea mining would be vastly different. we're talking about a 1000 so correct. let me just being destroyed here. the main and pakistan in these

areas, they biological active, i, us own the top $5.00 to $10.00 centimeters of the teacher are completely wiped out and destroyed together with a follow up and the, and it kind of off re colonization or recovery of the system for the soft sediment will take hundreds to thousands of years. many deep sea micro organisms and animals could be disturbed or destroyed by the machines. even the relatively modest research project altered the environment. figured out that after more than 25 years, the most of the parameters that were analyzed didn't recover fully. so you can expect that even the pod that might recover that is independent of the nodules that there was definitely be gone. will needs decatur to center is if it can be covered on the mining could even disrupt the oceans,

complex food chains. so is there any way to make deep sea mining sustainable that is not sustainable because it's not re growing. very simple as that. i think we can already make up our mind society if we want to accept this impact or not. it's a dynamic. if the deep sea, no jewels are off limits, where will we find enough of the metals we need to produce clean energy? first we can reuse what we already have by taking precious metals out of batteries and other devices. several companies are already optimizing the recycling process. and we can reduce our consumption and use the devices that contain these precious metals much longer. another treasure is being retrieved from the oceans in

india, stomach seat, yukon bars are banned from being sold in india because they are considered to be critically endangered. but fortune still pre on them while they're so important and what's being done to protect them. let's find out under these christine waters lies a strange creature that's creating quite a stir. not only in the local fishing town of monday, upon one of the sudden most of india, but all the way into the mainland and beyond to neighboring china. to see cucumber, this one can do up to 30 centimeters long. conservationists have been trying to study the marine animals seek you'll come. birds are called the other ones of the see just like how are 2 arms out of farmers?

friend, the are seeker, gamma plays the role of earthworms in the sleep, which means um, it helps to make the soil more fertile. and uh, this is good for the see glasses and also other associated organisms that live on the c c floor. i. and even the water column above, over the last 4 years looking for a strange officer as the thief has taken on the role of protecting the sea cucumber because of its important ecological vote already a color when the sea cucumbers. excreta is alkaline in nature. and so it neutralizes the increasing acidity on the sea surface. and as it neutralizes the coral reefs underneath, fallen are saved from the thread of bleaching when the coral reef is healthily. fish cross crabs and other creatures tribe around if any body. so only if the sea cucumber tribes of yellow sea will there be fish in the sea for our future generation? this is what i'm really other with the threat to the sea. cucumbers began when

demand for them started soaring, mostly in china. dr. t cucumber, known as batch the mare is a popular delicacy and also considered an aphrodisiac. as a result, putting in india has increased 13 fold over the last 5 years with one i can larry, you'd wonder the loan will get more lightened. lots of young people were involved in crime when in big smugglers where misleading young people is saying that they would like only go to jail for 5 to 10 days. and then they come out and, and the case of detroit frequently. but 2 events campaigns conducted by the force department and we have reiterated very much for that. and now this is a highly dangerous act. the punishment is similar to the crime of posting a tiger and an or an elephant to lower punishment. get a gamma either equal on or punishment. les the gate to see cucumber is listed under the wildlife protection act as a scheduled one. species, which means the punishment could go from fines of to lactose peace,

about 2000 euros up to jail tank. the forest officials petrol this area checking for the contraband, and also teaching people in the villages about the consequences of getting caught. some farmer porters have learned their lesson. we spoke to one who wishes to remain anonymous. lou and again, whether anna got cancelled by the way, i once got caught on halting the told me that the punishment would be between 3 to 7 years. imprisonment. guessing by the elders in my community decided that it was wrong to do the sound when it illegally on them. so we decided that we would stick to catching fish, or crab limone. they are, even if you come burst, get caught in on natalie when it would take them out and returned them to the water nala, other than hung up and yellowed for that, you know, but this hasn't been easy for the fishing community who have traditionally fish to foresee cucumber for their own needs, the bow which came in 2001 has affected their livelihood. would have been regular.

i'm even a fishers would only fish will see cucumbers at certain bill. yes or not all you're running out of the good a still survivor. there are divers from blue to cooper in the sun to damage with and they are all the stronger armies with every now and again, they were allowed to catch carlos, they could sell. don't wonder google our just or 2 years there, which would buy them recent amount of food. la la dana yarnell rang, i was, i bought a margin. it's a complex problem with the c cucumber in the middle of it all. a forest officers lexitas are able to protect the animals by keeping an eye out for poachers. the casa marine ecosystem has a better shot at surviving, and the local fishermen could get back their livelihoods or still areas of a sensitive ecosystems. fishing itself can have a negative impact on them. in spin, a group of volunteer divers is trying to raise awareness about this problem and

organize clean up expansions for the move metal and garbage from the c. shorts now did see horses, soft corals, neptune grass grow purse and a wide variety of seaweed inhabit the mediterranean waters off more sierra in southeastern spain, with 73 kilometers of coast and the biggest salt water lagoon in europe is a paradise for recreational fishing. but many fishermen use lead thinkers, they can end up on the sea bed where they pose a threat to marine life fung, i'm afraid castle them base. let's take the case of a fish feeding on algae growing on a piece of lead when that fish approaches and begins eating the algae. it also ingest, so lead meant it, it becomes part of the marine food chain. the small fish me eaten by the bigger

fish and so on, if you like me to lead is passed from one to the other more quanto. finally, we as seafood consumers, wind up with that let on our plate ah unrest, plateau. some fishers are starting to use alternative sinkers made of ceramic, or think whether you an estimate some $640000.00 tons of fishing gear, including hazardous metals still ends up in our oceans each year. to combat the problem, volunteers from hippocampus. an organization focused on the conservation of shorts . now did c, horses have launched the plume boom project grumbling ish or ny there. boom boom is a project born after so many dives. eunice, where we saw so much rubbish made from metal whip as if he got from lead and without use and sport fishing and professional fishing. they bought the way big ha nets loaded with lead sinkers, for example. it had got a team and they,

they failed to remove the metals from the see. the project relies on a vast network of volunteer divers like phalanx. arleas had outs today he's joining a cleaning expedition, a couple of the puzzles, a seaside village in one of the most bio diverse areas in the mediterranean basin, balsamic. okay, are you in the global? we're going to collect lead from the sea floor, the marine wave sent hooks from fishing. here you've only one little small pieces that settle on the bottom of it and get half buried. let's see if we get lucky with the help of metal detectors, divers can collect between 4 and 45 kilos of lead at each cleaning. the results are registered on a website that monitors their efforts since 2017, more than 14000 metal sinkers equivalent to one ton of lead have been removed from

the mediterranean. but plume doesn't just remove the metal. it also contributes to the circular economy by giving it a 2nd life. thanks to public funds and private contributions. 200 containers have been distributed at diving sinners and yacht clubs along the coast. here, all divers can deposit pieces. they've salvaged. yeah, give a label to them was a global we put the lead here government and then the association collect it and takes it to the companies. we have an agreement with that they can recycle the metal so it can be used again in batteries. for example, hydro rollover, i brought that here at the death. once the containers are full, the project coordinators bring them back to the heavy metals recovery center. to date, they've delivered more than 900 kilos for recycling. apart from lead other

garbage such as plastic cans and glass is harming the marine ecosystem. normally only divers see the damage 1st hand. so colombo members also organized photo exhibitions to raise awareness and reveal the underwater reality. aiken old, they're not shabby sheet. people who don't dive can imagine what is under water on it, but they don't really know leak. so if we show them photos and explain to them the consequences of, of having garbage in the sea, they become more aware. he dumped it. a shake on cynthia must in addition to encouraging the use of sustainable sinkers. global is working with governments to implement eco friendly marine policies. and it's appealing to all people to stop throwing trash into the see. ah, now it wouldn't be far fetched to save them the health plan. it depends on the

health of its marine life life on earth began a not oceans, and it falls upon identity from can make sure we protect it. think about that and i'll see you again next week from what entirety. good bye. and thanks for watching . ah ah, ah ah, ah, with

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