[000:00:00;00] ah ah, the mediterranean was once a major crossroads at the heart of the ancient world. today it has become a barrier separating europe from africa. is there anything left of a passion, once cher, and what do today's distinct cultures have in common? journalists, xena, l moss. rog and joe power abdul karim, travel the coast of the mediterranean, in search of answers. you see yourself as of today in june? yes, with all the rights and responsibilities, this is how can you afford the food for these animals? god help you. join us to get to know the people and their dreams. a

mediterranean journey. ah hi, today i'm on the largest island in the mediterranean sicily. as you'll be able to see quite easily behind me. there are lots of love about in these parts. why this is the home at the volcanic mountain in sicily lies just beyond the coast of to nicea cataneo the islands, 2nd largest city is nestled beneath the mountain.

traditionally citrus fates has long been grown in this 1st hail reaching. let's see if i can help with the winter harvest. i find myself is an orange plantation. this may look like a lemon, but it's an orange sponge. i'm going to jump right in because i want to make myself useful. and i've got the right boots for the job, a weighty bag above effective, effective around 1500000 tons. the citrus rates are produced every year on sicily. organic pharma man played equal an audi harvest's around to 100000 kilos of orange is no just in the province of katana, but in other provinces as well. can me what a special about her and her i he out on sicily love specially thought he with this region. special g is the blood orange inside the fruit, there was this intense red color that's typical for this region. so for the area around cataneo and close to aetna, tanya,

this is because the mountain causes temperatures to change quickly. they will and the strong difference between day and night colors. the orange locked the ok for seek a lunches easy, all you know, ah the room into your file or your orange us. and what does it mean? foil palm up here in the region. we've got a rather special distribution channel engine. we sell to acquisition groups, or in other words, private individuals who join forces that you develop a relationship with the products they're buying. and these are almost always organic, ailed. our farming methods have been exclusively organic since 1992 and my father started it. and my brother and i carry on the tradition, we really believe it's the future. mm. it's,

i think it's time for me to try one of these are inches this. i picked myself. it smells amazing. it's very juicy. and sweet and says is delicious. but what about the inevitable beds up 5? you won't believe it, but someone here on sicily has come up with a really innovative way to put them to use is problem. catania is more than just an airport or a way to get to the beach. and in december, it can get pretty cold. here. i'm here to meet to enrica arena. her company orange fiber is based in an old plant. so in the old town i was nice to me most to meet you. thank you for a tire is my pleasure. okay, hold of me, i'll show you around about 10 years ago and rica and her colleague came up with the idea of combining 2 iconic italian products,

citrus fruits and fashion. you take the orange and you squeezy, and what you have left is pretty much 50 per cent of the original way. so what we thought is a way to transform despite product into something meaningful for the fashion industry. and there's a family of materials that are called men made cellulosic fiber and they all contain cellulose. as a common trade, what is less than necessary? so white part, it's everything that is not the water also. and then from that we extract the saloons and the cellulose. that we extract it looked like these pretty much so it's like paper no, yeah. touch a slide. com look. yeah, exactly. we saw a lot of things this i think observe, talk or something. yeah. how this is knocked off via and we have a scar here at the scott, scott: yeah, it looks very amazing on you. think orange fiber has already made

a name for itself. it's supplies, fashion companies across the spectrum with a seemingly endless supply of rule material on hand. there's still plenty of scope for development. wow. and left them warm off gabana you can see from here and by the elephant, i get that where you can see people to be seen when you work on a place like this was amazing. you. you get more inspiration than i think it's good for your company. your vision, any sub ledger through all your fly in, then hold meeting with other people and also just work by yourself. surrounded by beauty. cataneo is a poor city in east and sicily. many residents still depend on fishing for their livelihoods, from enriquez office. it's not far to the puerto would say the fish market the sci fi looks irresistible,

but i find myself drawn to something else. to sicilian men singing la la la la la. 2 i believe your boy lot more good room. you bob john? oh, hello. how to prepare that? a. she's on the grilled artichoke. filled with garlic, and parsley. okay. you can just eat it like that. oh, good. all good. oh it's good for the cathedral square with the black love a rock elephant is the heart of the city. all the main shopping straits fan out from here. the piccolo tiara through is also just a short walk away. they traveled. i'm here for a very special meeting with

a young man. i notice right here on font on oh, well you're not there. my name is c f. e. so no go lavetia gala basha moore. i don't know, may nicola, boy, norma, but what color a perishable kick? mapr tidmore thought, a mighty parole bugle me fondly. bass she jewel. yeah, julia beastie de la raul, them on the on your peer group. but it's yours are very similar to yours. he basically get out in the, okay, there seems to be a lot to talk about here. but what i want to know is who's pulling the strings? i'm going to take a look. hello david there. wow. if you're thank you for having me. yeah, thank you. who are very talented, man, can you tell me more about your work with papa? so de la foot buena d can all shitty. i was fortunate enough to learn the wonderful arts from my grandparents a seem to be call them ever since i'm a small,

passionate about my art for god was my 1st experience on stage was as the money until the person to move the public is more of a ah, the history of sicily is pure drama, and few can tell it stories as well as the for daily napoli. ketani is most famous family of puppeteer. oh, oh, you really can be neat. soon. theater in sicily began around the year 1830 or so. yet it flourished until the arrival of cinema and television in the 1966, the leak when that was the beginning of a crisis law that her family survived had already thanks to the tenacious no 2nd commitment of my grandparents, the name on me, k. no more determined not to give way to the looming monstrosity. that was television had a lot, the ladies yawning for generations. local children have grown up plenty about the

sicilian mix of the middle ages. they're very familiar with the heroes and heroines that feature in the let you know, the oh, we have here, children and adults. they come and watch your, your show or not. what i meant at the, um, what it is. we have a very broad repertoire without from college in epic, soft through to shakespearian tragedy is shakes. next week we're presenting a very special technical, anti fascist. not on the property can truly do anything a little needle. the sicilians maintain a special bond with momma aetna. then nicknamed the tallest active volcano in europe, vulcan, ologist, you said, pe salon, no, takes me up the mountain. we start inc. atanya in glittering sunshine, 3000 meters above sea level. it's

a completely different picture. what can interrupt what can happen to the people in catania? and what are the factors on the pants are obviously of the kind of an option one sees are buried very low, are to do that option where the lava flow can reach to the doubts, not anyway, since 20 or whoever barry this astonishing gets below fever option but to the effect is not the saw stronger for the society don't affect these are the dash that fall out in there in the towns and surrounding greater but the kind of exposure activity the last few hours. it's quite windy up there and i've had enough. okay, and we get out of the colds. you're in to the car and drive back down the mountain shape. we're headed for the national institute, video, physics and vulcan,

ology to what's known as the war room. here scientists keep a close eye on it. now. it's one of the world's most active volcanoes and pits on a sporadic lava display to remind us of that fact the season that the center line jewelry war where all the morning to activity of the see she them were council. look, just ethanol also will connell's throne body it also about his his mc activity in part of the c. c. these models written during the 4 hours. send them they, you show me this monitoring thing. but what does movie out here we are like, and also with me go. so we the several part i meters. we are changing sagan's by sagan's, the life, the behavior of the mouse, thrown, believe will come. so add

a thing here and the boss to try to photograph it up. got tv day by day is look like that to you here in sicily. call the aetna mama. if martha. yeah. why? if you born here. when you go open your eyes, the face, the thing, so i think you spoke to that. so we grew up with these huge mountain torso for the rest of the life. so it's something like a mom. mm hm. for me, my, my aetna was a very cold experience and i'm glad to be heading back to miles and mediterranean climbs to palermo. to be precise. for my next meeting, i have to travel across the island from the east to its capital city. almost 700000 people live in palomino for a long time,

it was seen as the stronghold of the sicilian mafia until popes of the population started to push back. a 2 man you see behind me on the facade. is that building a giovanni? 5 pony? and paolo boastfully? no. it is that the 2 judges supposed organized crime on this island and paid for it with their lie aladdin smith. jim leaving for the sun in the historic center of palermo, i meet kiara altro from the anti mafia movement at d o p t. so more and more business people are refusing to pay protection money to the mafia and they're making no secret of it. they're putting stickers in their shop windows. mm. a lot of people ask escalade talks about the mafia. yeah. why,

what do you think behind this fascination a lot, i'll see what's so booked up for that or what? yes, unfortunately, that's true. and it is highly detrimental to those who are trying to fight against the mafia every day. very often, this fascination emanates from stories and books and movies of the godfather, for example. but there's nothing charming or glamorous about the mafia. father, the mafia is violence and harassment, todd and one of the functional law mafia you'll and saw everybody got fuel on it. but when did slows association start their work? okay. and left up to another movie association, emerged in 2004, but initially by chance, when a group of university friends decided they wanted to open a bong, she had i was preventing up to carly said, how are we going to deal with a mass of yours the who come to demand extortion money from our list or are we prepared to pay?

the answer was clearly know what it's supposed to forgot it. that was the thought of humans to know a deal pete, so means farewell pete. so or extortion money key it would show has been involved with the initiative since her student days. now she works as a tour guide showing tourists, the other palomino without the mafia. we meet valentina a shop owner who also refuses to pay the pizza. i father official logo, obadiah had. did you ever have problems with the mafia? come to you and say, hey go, i think you have to pay for it? no, no, no, no. we've never had any problems of it. having the logo in the store scares these people off of best buy. so we've never had any issues. and from that was from one people on a bill. my older problem, me put a norwegian out of sunni, killed g r, but a thing, but i saw new generations opening and running businesses in sicily to day have a different mentality one, keep up and that's why they're not paying all of a seamless up. and fortunately, there's no way of knowing how many are actually paying the number's probably gone

down, but that doesn't mean we should be dropping our god after all, even if it's not extorting any one, the mafia is trying to assert its dominance in other ways and cannot the more it's remarkable how valentina and many other business people in sicily taking a stand against the mafia. tragedies occur almost daily in the poor to spell ammo and across the region as a whole. the mediterranean sea is now the world's deadliest c crossing. last year alone, almost 1600 people died or went missing, trying to reach your up from africa. the maris palomino nail. luca orlando allows rescue vessels to duck in the city,

in defiance of orders from central government. it's no surprise that we're meeting at the motif, i take a cafe and education project for young refugees. i would like to know why i was so open ended and support. see, watch and all the people who helped the people in the see i mash hold. just people know rescreened the human being. i gave to the crew. she watch, including a couple other kids in the order as soon as she po palermo. and, and she watch sheet for there is the plug that she go. palermo, cause the people in this. she cannot be left body. sometimes people talk about migration and problems, but you have other view of the situation with my question. i have been on the view

because own ribbon or migrant in color. blue super was problem for you. is that my question? i'm not mike. they met the problem that was did not exist up there upon them. okay . i made it will be fusion. we do a new voice, warming, palermo. yes. for that, we'll just leave me a little more actually for you. yeah. but for my, for my, this issue. not a problem. okay. you really for labor, what do we ship to what new state you are planning a blind that will condemn the to but easy to we are proud to leave in this part of the war and the we believe that meet the radio is not the she is a continent is not this, she dividing the people, but it's a complement of what julie with the club, just letting the people can be able to meet. so when you come in, alana more will see lat pole. now i'm traveling out of the presence across the island to traces of the islands passed in syracuse

and the backend antiquity. syracuse was the largest and wealthiest city in the entire mediterranean region, half a 1000000 people lived here. then almost 4 times as many as to day. mm i today i'm in the syracuse and the oldest out of the town is actually an island i own this or teacher based on the ancient greek word for quail. this little corner of the world produced a number of things including comics later and the 1st christian community in your home with 40 cheerfulness, the cities historic center. to day 3 bridges connected with the rest of syracuse. i had straight for the old town and on the piazza, camille day, i discovered the goddess of hunting, diana protect her of syracuse in the greek erupt right next to her, the cathedral of santa maria dela,

colony. ah, monica. it's about an hour's drive from syracuse highlights of this unesco well heritage site or its magnificent pellets, see and the rocks sacred buildings. here, the picturesque town of modica is home to the islands oldest chocolate factory. the chocolate is made according to ancient as tech methods. i'm about to try some myself. and if you're wondering how as tech cocoa beans got here in the 1st place, a parcel to do with the spaniards who once occupied these islands. at the antique dodge area bonito, i'm due to meet the head of the family business francesco router for a tasting. they've been making chocolate in modica since 1880.

francesco explains the production process, so what makes the chocolate? so special ed, you have to be a little select ah, okay. like this one here to yeah, it's a volume to put it in the oven. yes. okay. is this this one here? right? yes. okay, and here i know someone who's unable to resist good chocolate. my colleague jennifer, he's taking a break from his mediterranean journey to visit me in sicily. oh hey, what are you doing here? i wanted to surprise you actually. oh, good to see you again. i wanted to find out what you've been up to. yeah. yeah, we'll talk about that in a minute. don't want to interrupt, you know, this looks really interesting. yeah. that's, yeah, you should try the chocolates. i love doing that. oh, rosen suits like news just almost. so. yeah. like you this will share. those

were the quicker window was it breaks the seats and so by the seats from the shells . ok, we make soup, commerce, our 100 percent. with sugar. that is looks like a grain grainy. if you want a bottle of chocolate, you have to ship into the more lead you can try very long. i see here you have different favors. you have a saw, you have monday and you have a ginger. you want to try lemon? yes. yes, yes. so we have here lemon. yeah. wonderful. so 65 percent run. 65 percent is 65 percent coca most. the other part is sugar. do you still re they chocolate?

yes. and this one is with this is the cinema one. the one that i use my he goes, i love this kind of chocolate or is this merrill my grandfather? that's all right. well we made so good. yeah. it's so good. it's really good. i think it's my favorite to now with we've been on our mediterranean journey for 2 years now, interrupted by a global pandemic. and we're not finished yet. time fill it back with . we've experienced so much. what surprised you them rushed last actually nothing because it's everywhere. i've been, i felt just a little bit at home ever since ohausen. i've always discovered something that i've

been familiar with from morocco for a sample, and sometimes from gemini o on to pass on. what really impressed me was that all those southern regions are often seen as under develop mom. we've discovered an incredible amounts of innovation, and that's been inspiring and encouraging you to skip the what bus michelle mason to vacate. what stayed with me the most is with all the countries we visited, things are changing. cortez during the midst of a searching process and, and on. and i even call it i democratization process dimension. i'm people have an incredible yearning to be seen and to be heard on robbie for long enough the honda can own a fetch hutsel venture. my hope we can listen to each other, morton and the people on all sides achieved the kind of life there striving for dust. if i come on dustin to resist us to the steps. ah ah ah

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rental dysfunction what can boost performance? and when should men seek met? time for a closer look. in good shape. on d w. pizza. with a touch of bertina, a near blood, a vibrant designs for courage and assessed for life. creative people from africa, giving european culture a make over. your romantics. in 60 minutes on d w ah.

with listen carefully. don't know how with to the goal. ah, feel the magic discover the world around you. subscribe to d w documentary on youtube. ah, ah, hey guys. so we all know that you're fab at fixing stuff. you're brilliant behind the wheel. you don't like right cowboys, and you lay at. but did you also know olive oil helps improve sex drive?