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what is aging? is it possible for us to affect it? how much more can we do? these are big questions. they're going to take us 2 answers that are going to be illuminating to mankind as a whole. asian has become a hot topic. we are right now at the point where we can already develop strategies for this innovative injections simulation stimulation methods, personal programs, pills course we're in the midst of a seismic shift. it will open up possibilities for more healthy aging. and it's up to with a, something in the air and we can feed it. and plenty of people who already show you gold nuggets in on fe. they ask goal it here. you know, right now where it seeing a huge gold rush. once the proof of concept is established on longevity, it will go viral. ah,

what was your name and date left there? so the person will live to 150. it's probably already been born. it's highly likely . it's was his with ah . 2 i'm 15 right now.

how old i think i will be. i think that you know, i do want out live a full and help you i so i think whatever number i can live into at that time, that guarantees need to have a very healthy life. i love the number i go about earlier, we got burly just because it's important for my house to do this. so i do it literally going to be consistent in your sleep schedule. it's easy for me to be consistent with waking up at 5 the sort of some nice quiet time and yeah, i mean it's, it's, it's, so i do, it's that i'd have consistency because that's really important thing for sure. kane or them

nina care. i 1st became interested in longevity research when she was 12. now the teenager is one of the scenes rising stars. nina stands for a generation that takes a new view of aging that wants to see aging eradicated when she's not in school. nino holds talks around the world. she's launched a small start up with a couple of friends. the groups searches for scientific clues on how to crack the aging code. yeah. yeah, and one of our proteins is probably involved in that process in some way. so we could weigh how much that protein is involved in that process and try to give an estimate even if we're not adding a whole new protein involved with that process. yeah, i think that definitely something that we could that's useful to measure my grandfather did have it for me to my check. that was not

a problem and i wanted seasoning with that one in 6 women get dementia after the 65 and i'm one in 10 man which is a lot of people when you think about it, right. it's these diseases that you previously thought were inevitable. so we thought maybe we'd have drugs to alleviate the pain or to sub one particular type of disease from occurring, but never sort of to, you know, look at the root cause of these diseases and haggard from there. each animal species has in certain ways an expiration date in a mouse. it's less than 5 years in the bo had whale. it's 211 years in humans. it's a $120.00 to each species has a time that's kind of allocated to it. and the question is, why is that in nature? death is a normal part of life. but can we humans push this biological age limit?

human life expectancy has risen steadily and recent history back in ancient rome, it was to 25 years by the middle ages. it was still only $35.00. now we live in to our seventy's on average medical advances and better living conditions are enabling us to get older and older. but can we extend our lifespan indefinitely and what we really want to as if you could leverage vision to the lots of people want to live forever. and then they wonder if we can reverse or slow down the aging process and unkind in exist. he tells us so much about violence which steph and dying,

but it also touches on reincarnation and live live. it's a hugely popular feeling. immortality is a topic double. never die is or stablish. in germany, there is a famous painting the fountain of youth, and on the painting you see all the old men and women, particularly taking their clothes off and getting into the fountain of youth and swimming across to the other side and emerging young and healthy on the other side then going off to the tents and dressing and then having a wonderful dinner together with plenty of wine. ah, and it's, it's man's age all dreamed to be able to reverse aging his room wounded. this fountain of youth is become an allegory in biomedical research and that's no longer just about eating a healthy diet and leading a balance lifestyle. and we want to make more serious adjustments if you and we can take pills or get injections and so on. and well, end up living longer when you come into the idea,

the fountain of youth that's outside ma'am, and that i can jump into as it was shifted to a fountain that's put inside the main one injected into my anger plan. i'm good, i'm good busters, we're closer to finding the fountain of youth than ever before. but what if aging were kind of program a program we could hack into an initial clue as to how humans might be reprogrammed, leads to an unassuming setting in central america. ah, i've lived in costa rica since 1972 and just completely fell in love with costa rica peninsula. natoya is

a place where people age very well and long. i think about it all the time. i think about it all the time because it's really mysterious and they themselves cannot give you any clue as to why you ask them. and they say, i have no idea. it just is what it is. but yet we are more curious and we want to know more on a gail. glenn takes care of some of the regions, centenarians, the residence of costa rica, natoya peninsula. not only live longer, but stay healthy for longer to go and die. i will hang on to my leg. okay. and the way, oh navy sa codo is 90. 1 people here often live to be over 90. many

thing to over a 100. dana florida ski photos in both of these are herbs. you've used to heal diseases, corner, stuff he had a bas ah, that's right. what you're hampton and lots of people all around the world, want to know how to live a long and healthy life. what's your advice to have a component? i live for many years. huh. guam bed, try eat a healthy diet, job that a that and lead a peaceful stress free life. well to you or will. oh oh i so vitamins it. aha, she is. so when a person eats lots of chines their heart won't stop. you dang not. i have to go about vill this area was very, very distantly removed from the mainland, so to speak. it's a peninsula,

it's still connected, but our roads were bad. communication didn't exist. people survived here on what they planted on, what their parents taught them, how to survive. there was no pharmacy to go to say yet was now. so good luck when this armed treat had a fever and all kinds of things. in the fact that people in natoya live to be older than average went largely unnoticed until one scientist stumbled onto some unusual data some years ago before monsieur professional in seattle, i was initially an economist, but it never really felt like the weight field for me eventually i found my knees and demographics up to much more precise with clear cut rules. it's black and white . oh, it naked on them,

anita castilla. not by sheer coincidence. we discovered that mortality rates in the region were much lower than the rest of the country. you know, let him which important help initially i didn't pay much attention to it, martha, i'll knock on when i presented my findings at a conference and there was a lot of skepticism. we assess about whether it was really so public in costa rica element that less causality. then on a persona, but one person from the audience approach me afterwards and said, lucy, it's because it's a blue zone. you cannot get him for his mom. and at that moment, i realized that nicola really was a special place, his young north korea, nicole. yeah. fike, so called blue zones, had been identified so far on our planet. these are locations where an unusually high percentage of the population lives very long. men in natoya have the world's highest life expectancy. an 80 year old male here is likely to outlive his

contemporaries elsewhere by an average 8.2 years ago. but why this is our lovek? is it the diet rich and fruit in acoya or does religious faith explain it? apparently she ought. there wasn't any real data center there. yeah, i meant and off. yeah, that's my daughter mama, robbie i love them. think the question is, is, is it genetics or is it lifestyle and young people in costa rica say put of either good. i mean they can just only okay see most of it campus. we carried out a study to see what happens when people leave natoya to have. yeah,

you got an what happens and people from other parts of the country it moved to nagoya as part of the price of eating the core. yeah. the mosque a we found out that neither of these groups that she had the same one jabber to me, that is those who are born in spend their whole lives here in our navy, vo, tim, in blue zones, eating seems to proceed more slowly. income coming up, the environment and the lifestyle appear to positively impact human biology. but notable matthew, but how exactly and will this help us crack the aging code? and the molecular biologists viacom's. i'm interested in understanding the origin of

diseases. the majority of diseases are those associated with the agent grocer. so i'm interested in understanding why we h o m molecular liver. i wanted to have all my life to on this found the origins of concern asian. i felt illness could be to keep the human body consists of around 37 trillion cells, some last a few days. others live for years. we constantly produce new cells to replace the old ones. it's a process that involves duplication. before cell division can take place, the chromosomes in the cell nucleus have to be duplicated the dna double helix. they consist of is unwind and separated. and 2 strands, each strand then becomes a template for any one. the ends of that chromosomes,

which are especially prone to replication errors, are protected by telomeres, which are sequences of non coding dna. but with every cell division, these safety caps become shorter charged. i feel charged with the show on it till on. i imagine this so shoe lace is our chromosome. so the spark of a shoe lace is the dna where the genetic information is. and this little plastic bart, which is very important to predict the shoe lace,

would be the tiller. so the d lamerse are very important to protect our chromosomes, to protect the dna. as we age, the domains become shorter and shorter these because every time that we have a damage that says half to want to blight over janae, the damage on these shortens the dilemma they're the cell division of the sort of implication. so at the end, the dilemma began so short by we don't have any more a t t m. so now our dnas, i'm protected and this is leading to asia as listen to the c's. ultimately, we'll be leaving to this cell division and the rate of telomeres shortening may be influenced by our lifestyle, smoking, stress, environmental pollutants, and poor nutrition are all negative factors. some researchers believe living in harmony with the natural world has a positive effect. and con thomas k, less persona than eco. yeah. generally people from the koya have longer telomeres,

significantly longer telomeres than people in the rest of the country just on ice. scientists like maria glasgow, are exploring ways of artificially lengthening telomeres in order to slow the eating process. but this does come at a risk digger fata by is this, does creeps the danger is a cancer could develop it because cancer cells are immortal? and is alina, we're walking a fine line here yet? do we tell the cells to resistor preprogram, cell death and risk, that it will result in cancer of lesson? or do we leave things to run their natural course and let the cells die when their time is either stooped on a scrap. so there is no proliferation. and we just accepted or vine destination involves around 122100. 25 year will not sponsor this will not from an sponsored liam's. yeah, but of course, what can we all know the answer? humans wanted test the boundaries and see if they can really live to 150 or 300. and how far can we go?

how much should science interfere in nature is blueprint we don't have to necessarily accept current biological limitation because that's what we do as a species. we're problem solvers. we don't just sit around and get rained on, we build houses. so we may want to transcend normal biology at some point and set goals for ourself beyond just normal concepts of health. ah, ah, when you wonder what the, what is aging, you end up asking how tissue repair this is the process or the sustie,

poorly understood says progressively accumulate damage. they age. that when they re to something threshold, they undergo it switch, they become kinessa. i like to describe them as zombies, because you know they're like in a middle stay between alive and dead. deny either, but they're at the same time they're really damaging higher than this and says produce an alarm signal so that they, well this has him to body, realize that there is a damage or a big go and they repaired. the problem is that as we get old these repairs, they are also and they don't go and they don't repair. and we accumulate the says that are constantly producing these alarm. this is a phenomenon that is called inflammation. old people who have inflammatory things

innovative, caused by their own sadness and says that are not eliminated. we are trying to clack the code of the necessary times understand they wouldn't need these how to kill them without killing the non finance and said in some initial experiments. manuel serrano and his team were able to show that mice lived longer once their senescence or zombie fells were eliminated. but that does not guarantee eternal youth. it's a double edged thought. finesse himself play also very good. an important role with for example in wound you doing if you ever want, if you don't have senescence, the wound will never hear. so you could have a treatment that removes all sin s themselves, and suddenly you have terrible side effects. it just means we need more research

and research into telomeres and saw the cells are only 2 approaches in the race for longevity. and one thing is certain, whoever cracks the code is set to earn millions. all right. so guys, how do i look guy? i look old. so you've seen what we did. we've announced that $255000000.00 res is the largest rays in our industry so that ah, hong kong has the highest life expectancy on the planet today, which is no surprise because it's very often correlated with well. and i hear

people are filthy, rich welfare is increasing dramatically in the region in china and mainland people who are present just 35 years ago. they are now multi 1000000 years and people demand one of the heel for biotech company. i tried to collaborate with a lot of people and they tried to contribute to as many projects as possible. wife clinic is a very fun concept where the founder is decided to bridge the starbucks concept with preventative medical care. you choose a cocktail of all kinds of nutrients that will be going into your blood while you're sipping on

a juice may offer ivy drips and all kinds of other interventions. i cannot vouch for some of them are in hong kong or anything geared at increasing life expectancy already, promises mega box dubious wonder drugs and ib drips are readily available. the region is also attracting biotech companies from around the world. money from wealthy investors has created a much higher startup. he longevity research is hong kong. new dot com boom. i'm brooklyn noise and new development is that the research is being carried out with business started with massive capital. you got cut, we're investing, we're pumping funds into it, and we're throwing cash out and you're from them that will invariably result in

a product. it's an infallible economic model about which will always work in 5 from noon. we some market, there's a huge market for these new companies. one really is to have treatments for, for the season. so that's where the big box that i'm willing to experiment on myself because there is a lot of data on me and one of the most well studied humans on applied now. now i try to optimize for high performance at this point in time, i tried to perform my teeth. i've tried to mice in the past. it's very often referred to as a magic drug in longevity, in not in the same line. those met foreman, but likely to be stronger than the form and it's not with outside of things. so there is a challenge that you're going to see me beside us and a few others. so we decided to try to lower self in a very controlled mode. and he's not at all 0. if

anything was that decided in the hotel. i got some serious ones on i think i feel good. all right. thanks. thank you sir. i see a lot of literally go away in rather my sin metformin m e d boosters. do any of these substances really help? how can their effectiveness be tested?

i was interested in anti aging science since i was a teenager growing up in frankfurt, germany. i had a group of friends who were very interested in science, and at some point, we realised the most important challenge of our generation is to prolong the life we had very lofty goals. i need to tell you in our we have crazy goals. we wanted to study physics, math, biology, chemistry, also we wanted to do space travel, and then the minute you finkel space travel, you realize that you will need decades in order to travel at all costs, centuries. and so we felt we really need to solve this problem for us to extend our

lifespan before we can even think about space travel one day by accident. really, because i did somebody a favor, i analyzed these methylation data. i immediately recognized that epigenetics or methylation is really the data source that has a tremendous signal for aging. and he was able to find clusters of genes whose methylation state could tell you how old you were a particular time. the amazing thing about us is that it works from the day you're created as a fertilized egg cell, all the way until the day that you die. there are more than 200 distinct cell types and the human body. although they all contain the same dna, there was a mechanism that tells the cell whether it is the skin cell or a liver cell, for example,

called epigenetics. this involves information that sits on the dna, resulting and genes being switched on or off. perhaps the best known type of epigenetic change is methylation. the addition or removal of methyl groups on the d n a strand. these changes continue to take place throughout our lives. the dna contains for left us a c, t, g methylation, sometimes attaches to the letter c and modifies it similar to an onslaught by keeping track very carefully. which parts of the dna gain methylation or news methylation we can measure aging methylation can be thought of like the rust that accumulates by measuring the amount of thrust we can determine h. so if we have some hours glass, the passage of time is measured by how the sand,

how much sand accumulates at the bottom. the dna molecules though, has 28000000 different our glasses because we have 28000000. let us see in our dna. so by averaging the measurements of 28000000, our glasses you arrive at a very accurate measure of age. this is one of the most insightful discoveries in the history of mankind does read it and what the invention of the wheel ought is bad. that was a turning point meeting. i think that was to severe a very, very important point were like, hey, we can measure aging. now the epa genetic clock has revolutionized research into aging with the simple dna sample. any one's biological age can be determined. however,

that can produce some nasty surprises. my name is marcus horvath, and i am steve's identical. twin brother is my twin brother, 5 minutes older than me. and however, only at 1st he measured epigenetic clock a couple of years ago. then according to one of the clocks, i was actually 4 years older than him, which is not necessarily could oh the, those technologies are enabling us to accelerate aging research dramatically by not waiting until you die. we can now measure where you are in life and measure how different interventions effect that prediction. we pick

this up and applied a i to the same problem and developed many, many asian clocks. above all, the quest for eternal life requires personal biological data. the digital devices we use every day can provide mountains of it. big data is currently one of the most promising approaches to cracking the agent code. unlike conventional medicine, artificial intelligence can scour the data for hidden patterns to help prevent diseases from developing in the 1st place. this situation looks very similar to tuft on the subway. so when you pull your wallet and you don't know who every human on the train looks the same, they move, they move a different patterns. the

to observe many, many of those scenarios in many subways, globally, to develop really precise algorithm for catching a thief on the subway tray in a i to geez, to recognize those thieves and predict human behavior. and i think nowadays, and advanced countries like mainland china, there are video monitoring techniques that allow you automatically to recognize the fact on movement. so it's very similar to recognizing those proteins that misbehave during aging and cause trouble at the touch of a button. and startups can run through thousands of possible outcomes and quickly discovering new medication we recently receive 255000000 dollar is from

a group of ultra elite investors. so it turns out that we are in the right place in the right time with the right technology. i think that very soon we will see guys like amazon. i'm waiting for those guys to react. guys like facebook are guys that produce video games, netflix, those people who steal your time, they will come back and try to figure out how to make more time. so you can wasted on their product. ah, silicon valley is already on board. in 2013 google founded a secret of biotech venture called calico it's longevity, research has carried out behind closed doors with nearly unlimited resources. a group, backed by amazon founder jeff bezos has also burst onto the anti aging scene, with hundreds of millions and funding. also,

labs is recruiting top scientists from around the globe to join the project. they include steve horvath and manual serrano. there's even a longevity clinic in the pipeline. before steve horvath embarks on that new task, he's focusing on another promising project. it's the so called trend trial, designed by his colleague greg fi to reverse immune system aging. hardly any other study in the field has prompted as much interest in recent times. the flow of immune cells plays a central role in fighting illness and our bodies. but there is a limited supply of these essential cells. our bodies, thymus gland, produces t cells. the superstars of the adapted immune system. however,

once we reach puberty, the time it begins to shrink. it is replaced by fatty tissue and eventually stops producing new t cells. once we've used them up, our bodies become more susceptible to pathogens and to age related diseases like cancer, stroke, and dementia. ah, when i saw that you could use growth hormone to regrow the thymus and take immune system function that was down to about 20 percent of the young immune system function all the way back up to a 100 percent of youthful function. i just thought we have to do something about this, but nobody took any action. so i did an experiment on myself and i re grew my own thymus. he published a scientific paper that described one person and that was himself. in 2016, the trial was repeated. this time a total of 9 test subjects when needed,

their thymus fe suspected the treatment was having a positive effect on the whole body. but how could he prove it? this person came to me and said to him, to help me to analyze a treatment, and the minute he set the word thymus rejuvenation i already said yes him a ha. steve horvath compared blood samples from the test subjects before and after treatment. and he was just as amazed if not more amazed as we were about the results. if they are confirmed, it will be a sensation. the original intention was, get rid of the fat off the thymus. this treatment had a side effect, an unexpected side effect. it really rejuvenated the methylation the epigenetic clock. all 9 test subjects turned their epigenetic clocks back

by around 18 months in a year of treatment. that means they had essentially reversed their biological age by 2 and a half years. we began to get reports for some of the people in the trial that i feel great. you know, i feel so energetic. now i feel my mind is working faster than it's worked before. before this trial was over, this volunteer says, you know, my, my wife has been telling me that my hairs growing and dark again. and i said, really i, that's interesting. let's have a look. so we looked at his hair, and boy, it was a big, very strong difference. and his hair was darkening all over the place. i need to say we're all very excited about it. but we are also very sober scientists. and therefore, we always felt we desperately need

a 2nd validation study. and that's really why i continue to work with greg. why i become a study participant. a 3rd study with more test subjects aims to corroborate the original results derive. so if successful, find the 3 generations could be the 1st scientifically proven anti aging treatment for human beings. but the scientists need more data. steve horvath and his brother have volunteered to take part in the trial. as identical twins, they are ideal candidates. steve will get the rejuvenation treatment, and marcus will join the control group. we're now ready for your baseline testing, and this is that the testing that you do before entering the trim ex trial. and i'll give you a countdown on your mark. yes. go live

in my my now that we have your blood pumping, we're going to looking at your epigenetic clock. the the 80 women and men of different ages are taking part in the latest time of study. and the treatment inventor also hopes to rejuvenate himself once again. i can't wait any longer, right? i'm getting older. i don't want to age. i'm 71. i don't know how old i will be. that's an open question. i hope but longer than usual,

that's all i can say at this point. the main component of the treatment is a growth hormone. to counteract certain side effects, the steroid hormone, d h. e a, and the diabetes drug metformin are also added down the hatch. i think about this future of biotechnology in changing the composition of our bodies, worries me, my dream is that there will be an intervention against aging free, lucky and 5 year and 10 years. and then people go to the annual checkup. the doctor says, you know what, you're aging a little bit too fast. why don't you take this pill? that's the dream. so we are now building the toolkit. many enable technologies that need to converge. and we need several more technologies to

come to life in order for us to make a major leap in terms of agility for everyone. i think we are 25 years away with the development of an anti aging wonder drug raises issues that threaten the foundations of our natural and social order. what will our planet look like if we live to be ever older? would overpopulation make our ecosystems and social systems collapse? how can longevity be in harmony with the natural world and human civilization? our lifestyle is expensive, it consumes resources. it creates over population. this is true. ah, we would live in very short life didn't have such a value and also would not care so much for nature for anything. so maybe it's not bad that we live longer because we would care more about our planet on our vitamin,

on the life of the rest of the big new planet. ah ah, a man, a bicycle and one. today i want to find out why the mozilla is one of the most beautiful river states in germany. so i'm off for right along a part of the psychopath. the beautiful landscape is certainly confirmed here. this bike tour for congress. in 30 minutes on

d. w. a license to come in 2nd to sign the chemical lobby is destroying our ecosystem. that poisonous pills are responsible for the biggest effect extinction. the history of via and pose a threat to our health. it goes to show how unnecessary insect decides actually on me, 90 minutes on w. o. sometimes books are more exciting than real life raring to read. oh. what if there's no escape? w literature list, laundry german street. mm hm.

oh ah, this is detail. the news live from berlin, a huge blaze breaks. i've and gunshots are heard at a t. t. ron prism or anti government protesters of political prisoners are held. the fire comes amid the most intense protests across iran in years. a power play in china president, she's paying open the 20th the communist party congress, members of here ready to galvanize his great on the world's most populous nation.