researchers and scientists all over the world are in a race against tommy, more life d w, a thought say what grade level one the mediterranean was once a major crossroads at the heart of the ancient world. today it has become a barrier separating europe from africa. is there anything left of

a passion once share? and what do today's distinct cultures have in common? journalists, xena, l. moss rock and joe power abdul karim, travel the coast of the mediterranean, in search of answers. you see yourself as a to me and you used to go to rights and responsibilities. how can you afford to see these animals? god help you to join us to get to know the people and their dreams. a mediterranean jeremy. hi today i'm on the largest island in the mediterranean sicily. you'll be able to see i easily behind me. there are a lot of love are wrong, but in these parts,

why this is the home of the volcanic mountain? nothin ah sicily lies just beyond the coast of 2 nicea cataneo the islands, 2nd largest city, is nestled beneath the mountain. traditionally citrus fruit has long been grown in this 1st hail reaching. let's see if i can help with the wind to harvest. east i find myself as an orange plantation. this made it like a lemon, but it's an orange buttons. i'm going to jump right in because i want to make myself useful, and i've got the right boots for the job away to big bull, effective, effective around 1500000 tons of citrus tray to produced every year on sicily. organic fall,

my man played equal in audi harvest surround to 100000 kilos of our inches. not just in the province of katana, but in other provinces as well. tell me what a special about her rankoff i. p. o. on for fully love specially thought you with this region, special g is the blood orange. inside the fruit, there was this intense red color. ok, that's typical for this region. so for the area around cataneo and close to aetna, tanya, this is because the mountain causes temperatures to change quickly. they will and the strong difference between day and night colors. the orange is locked, the ok for secret lunches, easy going on ah, to room. it grew foul or your orange us and what does it mean for palm up here in the region? we've got a rather special distribution channel and we sell to position groups. or in other

words, private individuals who join forces that to develop a relationship with the products they're buying. and these are almost always organic haled. our farming methods have been exclusively organic since 1992 and my father started it and my brother and i carry on the tradition. we really believe it's the future. ah, i think it's time for me to try one of these are inches this i picked to myself. it smells amazing. it is very do say and suites and phases delicious, a cup. but what about the inevitable bed? sit up, fire. you wouldn't believe it, but someone here on sicily has come up with a really innovative way to put them to use is public cotton year is more than just an airport or a way to get to the beach. and in december, it can get pretty cold. here i'm here to meet enrica arena.

her company orange fiber is based in an old plant. so in the old town i was nice for me most to meet you. thank you for our tires. my pleasure. okay, hold of me. i'll show you around about 10 years ago and rica and her colleague came up with the idea of combining 2 iconic italian products, citrus fruits and fashion. you take the orange and you squeezy. and what you have left is pretty much 50 percent of the original way. so what we thought is a way to transform this byproduct into something meaningful for the fashion industry. there's a family of materials that are called men made cellulosic fiber and they all contain cellulose. as a common trade, what is less than necessary? so wides park, it's everything that is not water. oh. and then from that we extract the saloons and the cellulose that we extract it looked like these pretty much so it's like

paper no yeah. it touch us like a foot. yeah, exactly. we saw a lot of sing see ask i think observe talk or something. yeah. how this knocked off? yeah. i know we have a scar here at the scott, scott: yeah, it looks very amazing on you. think orange fiber has already made a name for itself. it's supplies, fashion companies across the spectrum with a seemingly endless supply of rule material on hand. there's still plenty of scope for development. wow. and that's then almost catania. you can see from here and by the edison target, that where you can see people to be seen. when you work on a place like this was amazing. you, you get more inspiration than i think it's good for your company, your vision, any sub ledger through all your clients and hold meeting with other people and also

just work by yourself. surrounded by beauty. kasanya is a poor city in east and sicily. many residents still depend on fishing for their livelihoods. from enriquez office, it's not far to the puerto would say the fish market the sci fi looks irresistible, but i find myself drawn to something else. to sicilian men singing la la la la la. 2 bravo, do your boy? no more. good, bye dog. oh, hello, how to prepare that? a grilled artichoke. filled with garlic and parsley. okay,

you can just eat it like dutch. oh, good. all good. oh it's good for the cathedral square with the black love, a rock elephant is the heart of the city. all the main shopping streets fan out from here. the piccolo t a r t. rowe is also just a short walk away. it travelled. i'm here for a very special meeting with a young man. i notice right here on pantano munoz on there. my name is c. f serrano golub aisha gala basha moore. i don't know, may nicola, boy, norma, but what color a pressure medication mapr tidmore thought, a mighty parole bugle me fun, really base. she jewel. yeah, julia b. c. de la. all them on the, on your peer group, but it's yours are very similar to yours. he be equally good on the okay,

there seems to be a lot to talk about here. but what i want to know is who's pulling the strings. i'm going to take a look at allow davi there. wow. if you're thank you for having me. yeah, thank you. are a very talented man. can you tell me more about your work with papa? so de la foot buena de gwynn, all shitty. i was fortunate enough to learn the wonderful arts from my grandparents . it seemed up equal them ever since i'm a small, passionate about my art for god was my 1st experience on stage was as the money until the person that moved to public warming. ah, the history of sicily is pure drama, and few can tell it stories as well as the daily napoli ketani his most famous family of puppeteer. oh oh, you really can be hot needs to theater in sicily. it began around the

year 1830. so yet it flourished until the arrival of cinema and television in the 1966. the leak when that was the beginning of christ's law that her family survived or any thanks to the tenacious nurse and come up with my grandparents, the name on me. k not determined not to give way to the looming monstrosity, but was television gaydar lot the ladies yawning. for generations, local children have grown up plenty about the sicilian mix of the middle ages. they're very familiar with the heroes and heroines that feature in the legend o, oh, we have here, children and adults, they come and watch your, your show. oh not what i meant at the um, what it is. we have a very broad repertoire without from carolyn genetics, off through the shakespearean tragedy associates. next week we're presenting a very special text or anti fascist. not on the puppet control do anything they will need. the sicilians maintain

a special bond with momma. aetna then nickname for the to list active volcano in europe. vulcan ologist, you said, pe salon know takes me up the mountain. we start inc. atanya in glittering sunshine. 3000 meters above sea level. it's a completely different picture. but can interrupt what can happen to the people in catania, and what are the factors on the pants are obviously of the kind of an option. one thing these are very, very low. are to do that option where the lava flow can reach to the doubts, not anyway, since 20 or whoever barry this astonishing gets placebo option,

but to the effect is not the saw. stronger felt the society don't affect these, the dash that fall out in there. in the towns and surrounding greater but the kind of exposure activity the last few hours. it's quite windy up there and i've had enough. okay, and we get out of the colds. you're into the car and drive back down the mountain sheep. we're headed for the national institute, video, physics and vulcan, ology to what's known as the war room here, scientists keep a close eye on it. now it's one of the world's most active volcanoes and pits on a sporadic lava display. to remind us of that fact, this is the, the center line g v. war where all the morning to activity of the cc them will council look just ethanol. also will connel's thrown body. it also about his,

his mic activity in part of the c. c. these models during the 4 hours 7 they are, you show me this monitoring thing, but what's done here here we are a leica and also with me goes away the several upon meters. we are changing sagan's by sagan's, the life, the behavior of the mouse, thrown volleyball gum. so add a thing here and the boss to try to photograph it up because the meeting day by day is a quiet that to you here in sicily. call for aetna, mama, if not. yeah. why? if you're born here, when you go open your eyes, the face the thing, so i think you spoke it. so we grew up with is a huge mountain torso for the rest of the life. so it's something like a mom mom. mm.

for me mama, aetna was a very cold experience and i'm glad to be heading back to miles and mediterranean climbs to palermo to be precise. so my next meeting i have to travel across the island from the east to its capital city. almost 700000 people live in palomino. for a long time, it was seen as the stronghold of the sicilian mafia until popes of the population started to push back. a 2 man you see behind me and the facade is that building a giovanni? 5, corny and paolo, both sally know that the 2 judges supposed organized crime on this island and paid for it with their light adam smith, jim leaving for the sun in

the historic center of palermo, i meet kiara altro from the anti mafia movement a deal. so more and more business people are refusing to pay protection money to the mafia and they're making no secret of it. they're putting stickers in their shop windows. mm. a lot of people are, escalade talks about the mafia. yeah. why, what do you think behind this fascination alone i see so booked up for that or what? yes, unfortunately, that's true. and it is highly detrimental to those who are trying to fight against the mafia every day. very often, this fascination emanates from stories and books and movies of the godfather, for example. but there's nothing charming or glamorous about the mafia. father. the mafia is violence and harassment. and when the functional law mafia, you'll and saw everybody got fuel on it,

but when it did slows associations start their work. okay. and left up to another movie association emerged in 2004. but initially, by chance, when a group of university friends decided they wanted to open a bong sheet, if that was preventing up to carly said, how are we going to deal with a math, yours the who come to demand extortion money from our list? or are we prepared to pay? the answer was clearly know what the school still forgot that this was the thought of humans to know a deal pete, so means farewell pete. so or extortion money kia it would show has been involved with the initiative since her student days. now, she works as a tour guide showing tourists, the other palomino without the mafia. we meet valentina a shop owner who also refuses to pay the pizza. i father official logo over there, had did you ever have problems with the mafia? come to you and say, hey go, i think you have to pay for it?

no, no, no, no. we've never had any problems of it. having the logo in the store scares these people off of best buy. so we've never had any issues. and from a request from one people on a bill may, i will the problem me to put an order of sunni killed g r, but a faint. but i saw new generations opening and running businesses in sicily to day have a different mentality. one, keep up and that's why they're not paying all of a seamless up. unfortunately, there's no way of knowing how many are actually paying the number's probably gone down, but that doesn't mean we should be dropping our god. after all, even if it's not extorting any one, the mafia is trying to search its dominance. in other ways, you cannot, the more it's remarkable how valentina and many other business people in sicily taking a stand against the mafia. tragedies occur almost daily and the poor to spell ammo and across the region as

a whole. the mediterranean sea is now the world's deadliest sea crossing. last year alone, almost 1600 people died or went missing, trying to reach your up from africa. the maris palomino nail. luca orlando allows rescue vessels to duck in the city, in defiance of orders from central government. it's no surprise that we're meeting at the motif. i take a cafe and education project for young refugees. i would like to know why i was so open ended and support see watch and all the people who helped the people in the see i mash hold just people. no risking a human being. i gave to the crew. she watch, including

a couple other kids in the others and as she poked palermo and, and she watch sheep, but there is the plug that she go. palermo, cause the people in this. she cannot be left body. sometimes people talk about migration and problems, but you have other view of the situation with my question, i have been on the view because you know, migrant in lucy was problem for you. is that my questions are not my. they met the problem that was did not exist of their opponent. mm hm. okay. i made it real diffusion between new born born in palermo. yes. for that, we're just leaving for that one actually for you. yeah. but for my, for my, this issue, not a problem. okay. you really believer when to wish? yes, i do what new state you up on a blind every condemned the to but easy to we are proud to leave in this part of the war and the we believe that meet the radio is not the she is

a conference is not this. she dividing the people, what is a complement of what time is really with the courtroom just to let the people to be able to meet. so when you come in, alana more will see lat pole. now i'm traveling out of the presence across the island to traces of the islands passed in syracuse and the backend antiquity. syracuse was the largest and wealthiest city in the entire mediterranean region, half a 1000000 people lived here. then almost 4 times as many as to day. mm i. today, i'm in the syracuse and the oldest part of the town is actually an island wireless or t j. based on the ancient greek word for quail. this little corner of the world produced

a number of things including comic setter and the 1st christian community in your home with procedure forms the cities historic center. to day 3 bridges connected with the rest of syracuse, i had straight for the old town and on the piazza, camille day, i discovered the goddess of hunting. diana protect her of syracuse in the greek arab right next to her. the cathedral of santa maria dela colony modica is about an hour drive from syracuse highlights of this unesco wild heritage site, or its magnificent pellets, the and the rocks sacred buildings. here, the picturesque town of modica is home to the islands, oldest chocolate factory. the chocolate is made according to ancient as tech

methods. i'm about to try some myself. and if you're wondering how asked tech cocoa beans got here in the 1st place, a parcel to do with the spaniards, who once occupied these islands at the antique da, jody auburn, a u. t. o, i'm due to meet the head of the family business. francesco router for a tasting, they've been making chocolate in modica since 1880. francesco explains the production process, so what makes the chocolate? so special ed, you have to be a little select. ah, okay. like this one here to. yeah. it's a volume to put it in the oven. yes. okay. this this, this one here. right? yes. okay. and here i know someone who's unable to resist. good chocolate. my colleague jennifer, he's taking

a break from his mediterranean journey to visit me in sicily. oh hey, what are you doing here? i wanted to surprise you actually. 0 0, good to see you again. i wanted to find out what you've been up to. yeah. yeah, we'll talk about that in a minute. i don't want to interrupt you this looks really interesting. yeah, almost as yeah. you should try the chocolates. i love doing that. those are rawson suits, like miss johnson almost. so you're like you. this will shivers were the quicker window will it breaks the seats and suffice the seats from the shells. okay. we make a quote from us, our 100 percent with sugar and it looks like a grain grainy. if you want a bottle of chocolate, you have to ship into the more legacy you can try. very luck.

i see here you have different saver soon. you have a saw, you have monday and you have a ginger. you want to try lemon? yes. yes, yes. so we have here lemon. yeah. wonderful. so 65 percent run. 65 percent is 65 percent coca most. the other part is sugar. do you still eat every day? chocolate? yes. and this one is with this is the cinema one. the one that i use my he goes, i love this kind of chocolate or is this merrill my grandfather? that's all i know. we made so good. now it's so good. it's really good. i think it's my favorite to now with we've been on our mediterranean journey for 2 years now, interrupted by a global pandemic. and we're not finished yet. time philip,

back with you. i mean, we've experienced so much. what surprised you them of ashed? well, actually nothing because everywhere i've been, i felt just a little bit at home ever since ohausen. i've always discovered something that i've been familiar with from morocco for a sample, and sometimes from gemini, i owned, but i'm what really impressed me was that all those southern regions are often seen as undeveloped mom. we've discovered an incredible amount of innovation, and that's been inspiring and encouraging to script off mood bus, michelle mason to vague, talk to what stayed with me the most is with all the countries we visited. things are changing. cortez during the midst of a searching process on and on. and i even call it i democratization process. dimension on people have an incredible yearning to be seen and to be heard on

robbie for long enough. the honda cannot vouch hetzel finch. my hope we can listen to each other, morton and the people on all sides achieved the kind of life there striving for dust. if i come on dustin to resist us to the steps, ah, in, ah, ah, ah, ah, ah, with

ah, one of main kinds, oldest ambitions could be within reach or what is it really is possible to reverse aging

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a design and targeted environmentalists in danger. starts october 29th on d. w. ah, this is d. w. news ally from berlin, violence leave several dead at a prison facility in the iranian capital. a flames billowed over the skyline in gunshots were heard as a fire broke out a.