there has been a more yeah, we have been trying for more than 2 years at a voice our concerns them both in regional emma to national level do that. they said that people know a buddies, human tragedy, but we cannot do that alone. they believe that we need information. we need corporations from other countries who are part of these migration flow. basic is one by the 8th. if you know it's clear that without the ropes help, the situation would be much worse. commissioner, lena should says he wants to show people here that despite its own problems and despite the war in ukraine, the european union is not going to forget them. you're watching t w in his life for them to stick around. doc film is coming up next i have been threatened. i have been better because we tried to to show dory of face mafia all over the world, environmentalists or endanger enemy,

roofless corporations, corrupt government agencies and criminal cartels. targeted environmentalists in danger starts october 29th on d. w o. move here in a sparse rocky landscape and jordan, a mysterious grave has been discovered the 9000 year old resting place of a young girl who is buried below the floor of a house in a stone age settlement. ah, the girl was buried alongside valuable, elaborate grave goods which will most likely symbols of a great sense of love and loss. meet us as humans settled, the dead became part of everyday life. whole people increasingly related to those they had lost and to their ancestors. upon the archaeologists who uncovered the

remains of the 8 year old child named her shamella, the beautiful ah what happened all those thousands of years ago? and what does the grave reveal about life in barsha? this neolithic settlement the 26th of june 2018. in barger, the years excavations are drawing to a close, and the archaeologists are carefully recovering the final artifacts from the site.

it is business as usual, until the team suddenly comes across shimaya's grave. they are amazed by their discovery i. the grange was extremely elaborate, so fiendish as all the grave goods. alongside tremulous remains i would say that the necklace of this child is outstanding. it is a fascinating piece of jewelry to console against. it gives you goosebumps, it's incredible. even compared to ancient. petra was one times taught the berry treasures taken to germany for further examination, the restoration experts. andrea fisher and ali spoke heart prepare the beats so that the archaeologist ha, she can reconstruct the necklace which

will then be returned to jordan. suddenly the modern world is brought to a standstill by a virus. international travel largely ceases, and national borders are closed. finally, in autumn of 2021, the experts from the fray, only vegetate berlin's ex oriented scientific association, are able to return with jimmie loos restored necklace. the stone age artwork is to receive a special place in the new petro museum. near the barge of excavation site archaeological discoveries are only allowed to be taken out of children for research purposes. but they remain the country's property. before the meal is nicholas is mounted in the museum, the restoration experts and archaeologists make another visit to the discovery site . what will they uncovered this time?

the husky oak ca gabriel, came to basha in 1984 and has overseen the excavations ever central's valid red z ad. i. li faisal animal hammered a members of the marine tribe of some of them have spent decades assisting with the excavations along with their families. many of the local bedouins once lived in and around neighboring petra, as tourism became increasingly important. the jordanian government moved them into a purpose built village albania. the village is also the base camp for the badger, archaeologists. the necessary equipment is stored in one of el bait as simple

houses. the team only ever take what they really need with them. as getting to the site is extremely difficult. with the pickups, make their way through the dusty rocky landscape to the entrance into the deep barsha gorge. the spouse vegetation here requires irrigation to grow. with these large trees, on the other hand, grew without human interference. they marked the beginning of a gorge shaped by masses of water, of a thousands of years known locally as a seek from here, the team has to continue on foot. the luggage makes the climb even more challenging . multiple journeys are required to transport everything to the site.

despite the difficulties, the seat remains the easiest way to access the well hidden location. it is safe to assume that people took the same route to the settlement, 9000 years ago. somewhat unsurprisingly, father was 1st discovered by a mountaineer. more than 30 years ago, the austrian climber came across some stone age tools at the foot of one of the rock walls. hans kia ca gave her learned of the discovery and set out to investigate, guided by curiosity and luck. in 1984, gabriel had to navigate the gorge without equipment. these days, 3 lad is remain in place in the seek during the excavations while the others are required at the site itself. with the remote

hidden location of the stone age village protected the artifacts from grave robbers, and from later human expansion and construction towards the top of the seek opens up to reveal the high plateau. the archaeologists have named barsha after the surrounding mountains. marian benson housekeeper ca gabriel find themselves in familiar surroundings. but it is the 1st time andrea fisher and alice poor cat, had laid eyes on the excavation site, which amelia's grave and the beads. the 2 restoration experts have now been working on foremost 2 years were found for thousands of years, the only visitors to this place consisted of occasional goat herders. the 9000 year old village was discovered during the removal of the 1st layer of earth.

archaeologists can only base their conclusions on materials, able to survive for millennia, such as rock, horn, bone, or shell. the jordanian archaeologist and art historian, serene. albuquerque uses the scientific results of her colleagues, as well as her knowledge and her imagination to bring the village back to life. i shall baki was part of the excavation team in 2018 and has developed a strong bond with the ancient site. it is the 5th time marian bens has visited barsha in 2018. she and holler at ashi. uncover jamil as grave. that service is a mi vasa is like winning the lottery to him and i was able to excavate a number of graves that told me a lot about ancient and social structures. that is my specialist else. denial mind

that transition from the mandate to sedentary ways of life and the resulting social changing se, as a child find in barsha, one of the oldest villages discovered to date, this transition occurred around 9000 years ago along with jericho and hazel baster and other places basha is part of the so called mega site phenomenon along the jordan rift valley, which introduced new socio economic patterns to the area. oh, initial settlements were founded here around a 1000 years be see. these settlements expanded covering areas of up to 16 hector's . then banished again. barger lies approximately half way between the red sea and the dead sea. at the edge of what he out above. the dead sea region acts as a form of natural archive for geologists and hydrologists. the strata all layers of

rock and soil reflect the climatic conditions of the past. a warm period began around 12000 years ago, causing glaciers to melt and sea levels to rise. the changing climate resulted in cold, damp winces, and hot summer months. ideal conditions were growing grain and legumes. these changes, along with the fertile soils allowed previously nomadic peoples to settle in one place. villages sprung up and then expanded. their inhabitants farmed the land and enjoyed the new found leisure opportunities at the time, the landscape between a mom and october probably looked similar to the north of modern day jordan, where reforestation efforts are now proving successful.

to date it is not known how the people who lived on the plateau gained access to water. there was no indication that there was a spring in the vicinity. did the villagers perhaps use the seek as a reservoir? and what did this remote plato look like at the time? you know, life is changing from bus until now and i don't know, we have many things that make high temperature endorsed. and at before in the site, they have like cam water source around the site indicate from the tools the link to it's also when you find some tunes, they use it for a green dean like see. and this is indicate that they use it for planets, and it was good laden, scorn, fly. there,

death the people of vasa lived our farming and their livestock month. they primarily grew legumes. and we have found conclusive proof that they found peas, the alps as a her animal protein was provided by sheep and goats and zones would do shop. we assume that the field stretched out towards valley arabic and were also located up here towards the east of the arabian plateau. which them worthy of off. at the time this mount, the beginning of the vast stems which are now desert, or yet the calls and shipping unpinned, sought the american side, or to boost ist population numbers increased rapidly. carbohydrates were now readily available, which was not the case for hunter gatherer societies. women were therefore able to give birth every 2 years, rather than every 4 to 5 years. but

why would people choose to settle in such a constricted area? that would have been a limited amount of land available for farming and access to water was as problematic then as it is now. for tyler z even darling does as up one of the advantages of this location is that it is quite remote so far. in addition, once it was settled, there was little chance of territorial dispute. yeah. and then the people may have argued amongst themselves over land life, but there was no outside threat. it's also muffin of a neat mammoth on the because space was limited. dwellings were built close together layer by layer, the work is advanced further into the past. some of the walls reach depths of

around 4 meters, which suggests the buildings had at least 2 stories. ah, the rooms are small and have little or no daylight. the excavations confirm that they were largely use for food preparation and storage as yet, there is no indication of any part. so lanes between the buildings never couldn't. we can say with some confidence that the settlement was very densely constructed. wherever we dug, we uncovered wolves come on, it is increasingly clear that the little rooms be excavated and the initial phase is on that were too small for people to live in the i'm of we therefore assume that much of the village is life to place on the roofs and in nature of physical indiana to off that to fall. as hunters and gatherers small numbers of humans had spread

out across bos territories. now hundreds lived close together for marianna benson. this raises a number of questions. how the people lived in houses built side by side for at least 500 years, often bought largely without any apparent conflict. it's hard to imagine that the neighbor wasn't 500 meters or a kilometer away. we thought right next door. exactly. that is extremely socially challenging. enormous, it allows multiple little is known of how the people of the time organized their lives. what rules were stablished to protect social cohesion, and which familial constellations made use of the buildings. and how since associated with jojo gretzky of the german archaeological institute examines the bones found during the excavation to learn more about how the people were related to each other, the ages and the causes of death. dick not the bones are very fragile and when he

brushed the dirt away, you can see them very clearly and bad as soon as you pick them up. they fall apart and we have to reconstruct them in the laboratory and therefore unable to obtain the results we can get from well preserved skeletons. nonetheless, guleski is able to come to some initial conclusions thus, yes, and this is a child scuttle it's facing in my direction. part of it still concealed in the earth under the wall. unfortunately, there are at least 2 people here, one adult, one child. there might be more children, flight of martina at the time, people were buried under the floors inside the buildings rather than some distance from the village. as as dunker dozens of why i think our modern burial prices would be as much of a mystery to them as theirs are to us. we try to keep our distance from death. of

course our burial sites are not located in our houses. in fact, we try to establish them outside population centers, so we can stay as far away from death as possible. i mean, it may be, this would have been considered inappropriate back then for the da modeling for it may even be the complete opposite of what they believed that i from the embassy this good afternoon. ah jemila was also buried below the floor of a house where she would have remained close to the living. as most a forced air. they will be up to lay i was sealed and whitewashed. i to resemble the rest of the floor. winter ha! below that was a layer of stone chip safely touch log and then intentionally shattered sandstone tiles that glitter like a mother of pearl in the sunlight when the broken dan won't come d quarter below that was the largest land monetary and raising that was very exciting. how was it we lifted it up and when we saw was sand comes out

a we brushed over and brushed and brushed. the team feared that the grave was empty and was close to re sealing it. and then come the us and then we saw the beats. at 1st we numbered each one individually, and then we began numbering groups, national from eventually we were just taking photos and making small sketches before we removed whole bundles. if there were 2500 beads and all and calls and 12500 beat more than had ever been found in one place in this area. where did they come from? and what was their purpose? in the spring of 2019, the valuable objects are sent to the academy of art and design in stuttgart. which spec wise is in conserving historical cultural discoveries. ah, elise pu account is responsible for restoring each individual element of the

artifact. while the archaeologist halla ashy is tasked with reconstructing the entire piece by evaluating traces left during the production process and in use, allora, she is able to determine what purpose certain beats served. ah, the barger treasure is kept safely in a small back room on the 3rd floor. alleys workout knows, every inch of it an incredible detail as that. so as initially when the objectives were connected in bags, and it was impossible to determine what condition the individual beads were in that as i'm one of course the archaeologists expressed their wish that me would produce an exhibition piece. but we had to evaluate everything 1st. but what time, whether this would be possible, depending on the condition of the beats, and how many could actually be exhibited. and austin 1000. mm.

mm. elise poor cat examines every single one of the $2500.00 beats, checking the deposits on the surface and carefully removing them under the microscope. using a variety of methods book out attempts to restore each valuable bead to as close to its original state as possible. she then uses synthetic resins to conserve the beat and prepare them for the process of reconstructing the entire pace. this treatment can be reversed if future generations of scientists have access to new technical processes and wish to re examined the original beats incredibly, the restoration. that's our eventually able to pass around 80 percent of the 9000 year old be john to holler at ashi. first of

all, we try to understand the position of all disputes without saying that this is a nicholas or this is a belt or didn't we just try to understand the relation of the beads with the bones until he saw during this commission that these beats. wherefore saturated on the neck of the child. after considering the archaeological data, we started to concentrator exclusively on the beats and her try to understand the initial position. one discovery in particular, proves useful in reconstructing the ancient jewelry. one of the 1st things that we found during the desk evasion was there, ink as it was completely in a vertical position. so we started by excavating the edge of there in which a, which was very, very fragile. and we had to go down very,

very carefully. after i think, 3 days we finally got the entire ring, but it was fragmented, of course. and during this conversation, we found that we still have small beats stuck to these before asians. and so we not, we knew her since the beginning that there ink had a very important role in this necklace. the mother of pearl ringing is the centerpiece of the necklace and ties it altogether. the ring itself is produced from a single large shell. ah, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the methods and abilities of the people at the time, the akio technician, voice pain attempts to create an accurate replica of the original. this may not be

a rigorously scientific experiment, but it provides some indication of what tools and techniques we used 9000 years ago . that is from him. from the moment i heard about the badger bead necklaces, i'll to recreate it using original stone age tools. or, you know, once i didn't touch the 1st and i had to find a large shell for the shopping. the ominous at the outline of the ring is edged on to the shell using a beerin made by splitting a sanction of a piece of flint, with a single well aimed blow clear it. yet if you could have killed that worked, the edge here is what we will work with. the other cut to metabolic layer motion, at least this metal was probably used to call the entire ring out of the shell. but

you have to be very careful when julie you have to turn on to be and exert very little pressure. otherwise the drill bit all the shell my break, the shell may have been somewhat exotic, but the people of bars are most likely found the raw materials for the sandstone beads on their doorstep vanished what they were probably produce using the same method to be seen elsewhere i've tried it several times. it takes a lot of patience and care. every 5th beatle so breaks his clenched eye. these small stones, a ground smooth with the edges of the stones or sand down to produce the necessary curves.

the next step is particularly risky. voice haine carefully uses a flint bit to drill a tiny hole through the beat. so if this is lost now the whole is completed color, we could sundown each be individually. but there is also another possibility. we can place several beats on a stick i'm stuck stricken when brittany is the guy down, run the entire row over the slab together. mikayla. now, of course our strength letter, which sorry, did you read about in struck him by turning the stick back and forth? i could ensure that all the beads and up the same size is quite a fast process. the corners and edges are already gone. if i continue doing this for half an hour or an hour than the beats will all look fairly similar the to turn

i limited when you got the beach were unbelievably swollen, intricate. the people must have been very skilled and i've had sensitive hands in order to produce something so fragile. ah, the necklace is proof of the exceptional workmanship and the aesthetic sensibilities the early sedentary humans were capable of. and in no way conforms to familiar cliches about primitive stone age, people are inspired by the nicholas the teen named the girl in the grave. shamella, the beautiful blue. imagine that this importance of this child that they took this hull o masterpiece and put its hides in the earth or after all this work. so yes, it's that now it has

a lot of dimensions that we are only starting to understand. every element of the necklace has several stories to tell about the raw materials, the production techniques, its place within the greater whole. and about the dead girl herself, ah tamela that in so fennel league is jemila has made history by changing accepted preconceptions of the neolithic age. youngster. the new stone age is often depicted as crude and simple. but the jewelry and the construction of the gray suggest that people had special skill sets and that there was a far ranging trade network or key the d. c. m quite the necklace is turquoise stone. this came from sinai while the shells were from the red sea. and the way it was thread, it suggests it was something very special. i'll skin that this alice kansas on that as far the discovery of other delicate pieces of jewelry,

including fragile pendants and apparently mass produced rings made of red sandstone, reveals that the people of the age devoted a lot of time to producing hand crafted luxury goods. the artifacts uncovered by the archaeologists confirmed that they were made in almost every single house to bloomington on struggling infant vonsha. the renowned barger sandstone rings were made from coast disks that were more or less round. they were then hollow down by scraping a deep grooves in which eventually allowed the centerpiece to be removed. heil done her last name. these the experimental archeologists reveals the next steps in the production process. not even those ruined after the sender is removed when there

are 2 ways of working on the ran feeder. we can either use our b or into achieve the shape go want or we send it down and ties the right size nickerson. her license lies sound a sounding and grinding. it would have been older boy to any one approaching a near lithium settlement for a long way away. the fragile sandstone rings remain something of a mystery, new business. and we don't know quite what they will useful. we assuming the quantity played an important role, the more rings one had the more prestigious one was he shot. my theory is that they were used as coupons for trade him, that objects could be exchanged for certain services or favorites of the india. such objects may also have included shells or ring, and there was symbols of appreciation and help to increase social cohesion. yeah.

interestingly, there was also a type of forgery at the time, similar rings with the same distinctive red color. well sir, produce using mall in nearby basta. it was much easier and faster to work with mildly than with sandstone. and the rings were then simply dyed red. these rings were produced in areas where there was no sandstone. wooden forgeries have been a part of life ever since humans learned to make things sad. the mental or duty of motto, philip and copays, for the demand for certain goods and far ranging trade networks came at a cost. ah, the villages existence increasingly depended on access to raw materials and market forces. the exotic materials used to produce tremulous necklace are just one

example of the significance of valuable objects. objects which had to be paid for somehow a further challenge was maintaining a peaceful society in such a small space as yet no indications of any form of hierarchical structure have been found. ah, madame modern study if reveals that once a group consists of a 150 people or more, it becomes very difficult to maintain control and ensure that disagreement stand escalate. megan aiden does. conflict management is essential. watchman up to 500 people lived. in barger, a large settlement by the standards of the time social conflicts could have led to a rapid breakdown of the community. this is just one of the possible factors that may have caused the inhabitants of barbara to abandon the settlement for ever. around 6900

b c. up days and things on. it is difficult to say whether this development was a result of collapse or simply change then, and perhaps a greater differentiation set in among the later settlers before one season began to move about and returned to the nomadic lifestyle. while others settled in small villages incline on and off on perhaps this was a better model fiarty, but that was both more sustainable and more so she compatible had for practicum much of basha has been preserved as a result of the settlements remote location, jemila grave and her necklace are the most significant artifacts found at the excavation side to date. and we'll now we put on display in the new petro museum. ah, the countries entire history is on display here. with barsha, appearing almost at the very beginning. barger also marked the beginning of

development, which changed human lives far more than industrialization did in the 19th century or digitalization is today. cultures came and went settlements, rose and fell. people moved on, but humans never returned to their former hunter gatherer existence. these ground breaking developments are preserved at a meal as burial site. hussein al sabah is therefore determined to ensure that the grave is reconstructed as accurately as possible. my part is to rebuild the system of the grave in the museum. and this is what i am doing right now, and i think it looks good. what do you think? in another room, in the museum, andrea fisher alleys poor, cut and ha ashy, are similarly excited to see their work finally come to fruition. sole after world . now events and the necklace was

broken down to its component parts for the journey from germany to jordan, to ensure that the ancient piece of jewelry arrived unscathed. the strings of beads are now re attached to form the necklace that 9000 years earlier, grieving parents had placed around the neck of their deceased daughter. allah alada, she has produced a sketch to use as a guide. the concepts they year really thought before composing this necklace. it was studied and not only in terms of needs, it was also measured and conceptualized in terms of strength and chords. and this means that the other people were also involved, not only bit makers, but also probably people who wears specialized in making chords or making strength certain tasks were most likely performed by specialists. an early

example of division of labor, how the inhabitants of badger source, the raw materials remains a mystery. if you want to have exotic materials, it's better that you'll be in a very or well situated village, where you can work your network and relationships. and in order to get her nice, a good quality for mateus, and it's strange that they are almost hidden between the mountains. so this is weird when you see their environment. when you see the village, when you see the location. despite the remote nature of the village, barges inhabitants had close ties to their surroundings. it is impossible to say just how extensive this network was. but the people were certainly part of the wider world. while the experts in the museum are hard at work rebuilding jemila

necklace, excavations, continue on the plateau. marianna bent discovers a slab from a grave. is history repeating itself? once again, a burial site is found just as excavations draw to a close. but hans, gail car gabriel has his doubts. it's not him after clearing the entire area, i now have a different idea. it's possible that the slab is simply lying on the floor and that there isn't actually a grave at all. but i'm not sure. the plaster and the lay of ash would suggest that it is a grave, but i can't be 100 percent sure. on his own, i would brush away some more of the dirt and then use the scrape or to uncover mold batter quotes, much as you know may be lifted slightly on cobra and then check if there is anything underneath or not. there's a 90 percent chance of it being a grave with lots of bones. so you're very optimistic

it sounds different here than it does here. can you hear it? does come and i national the might just be a hole in one place among mazda williams. i'm under it now leaked from it's lou snap on tool. it's on pull it out horizontally as we don't know where the frank jer is. it's not islam. now it's more damage than before fuzzy. what kevin lee, he. oh dear, it's of puzzle pieces. now i did, one of us resumed fortunately we have so restore as long as thorn the buck i know precisely the slab has been removed and the tension mouse there are some larger stones here. once again, molly on has to work quickly as the excavation is about to finish for the year.

evening falls and work stops for the day. bozza has a welcoming mystical atmosphere despite its remote location. and the hard work of the excavations, the archaeological team has been rewarded for to years of perseverance. with the discovery of jemila and her necklace. at the petro museum, hollered us, she, andrea fisher and elise boycott are also about to be rewarded. jemila nicholas has been completed and it's ready to be exhibited. finally, we finally found the appropriate place for it. funny. yeah. okay. yeah. so i'm, yeah, that's how it should be. it looks good. ah,

we have, it's here. it's not only on paper, so we have it's really in the museum, so it's 3 did great. ah. on the barge a plateau. the last day of excavation has begun up, so i removed the layer of plaster. but there's nothing but sand underneath my son's shaw this with it. that's a shame. i thought they'd be more nothing has been found below the stone slab, but jojo guleski has discovered and laid bare a child sco in another room. a 2nd sco, remain stuck in the earth. despite the time pressure gretzky hopes she can extract it in one piece. ah,

pollyanna, mary, on hands georg, look what i found yourself when was, what is it? yes, the child scowl was here and he is the cervical spine. and the ribs in situ, the upper arm is precisely where it should be. and as a beautiful necklace around the neck, yet a bead necklace of pancoast is of yeah, yeah. with long beads and a beautiful red and green stone greenish time. but with your fantastic. and that the last possible moment. ha, ha ha. see this? the situation is reminiscent of 2018 back then. hello law. she had to stop what she was doing in order to retrieve shamela sensational necklace. now, in 2021, the same thing happens again. jojo caskey who discovered the grave, has to catch a flight. and hal allora, she assumed responsibility for retrieving the jewelry. it is as though the ancient

graves of badger are telling the team. make sure you come back. there is still much to discover. ah, hello laura. she has collected the beads and numbered them. she will remain in obey the 4th time in order to examine the artifact piece by piece. what will this discovery reveal about human existence, 9000 years ago. in recent decades, barger has provided a wealth of information that has changed, accepted wisdom, about the people of the neolithic age. our distant ancestors were able to spend time engaged in creative aesthetic and decorative pursuits because of an abundance of food. basha has fundamentally altered our understanding of the past yet so much about the ancient settlement still remains a mystery for now

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