on while they're running away, my biggest fear is the law supply of antibiotics and also tennis vaccine because a lot of these individual would need tennis boosters and are running loaned out to how many messages to your good doctor. i extrapolated based on an hourly message close to 302500 messages a day every 24 hours is no sign of an end to iran's protest, so the government's cracked on that number is only likely to increase. this is the dublin is live from burning, stick around duck thumb is coming up. next i have been said and i have been better because we try to to shoulder your face mafia all over the world. environmentalists are in danger. the enemy,

roofless corporations, corrupt government agencies, and criminal cartels. targeted environmentalists in danger starts october 29th on d. w ah. m. here in a sparse rocky landscape and jordan, a mysterious grave has been discovered. the 9000 year old resting place of a young girl who is buried below the floor of a house in a stone age settlement. ah, the girl was buried alongside valuable, elaborate grave goods, which were most likely symbols of a great sense of love and loss. meet us as humans settled, the dead became part of everyday life. people increasingly related to those they had lost. and to their ancestors bannon,

the archaeologists who uncovered the remains of the 8 year old child named her shamella. the beautiful ah what happened all those thousands of years ago? and what does the grave reveal about life in basha? this neolithic settlement with the 26th of june 2018. in barger, the years excavations are drawing to a close, and the archaeologists are carefully recovering the final artifacts from the site.

it is business as usual, until the team suddenly comes across shimaya's grave. they are amazed by their discovery i. the grange was extremely a lateral fantasia. as all the grave goods alongside tremulous remains i would say that the necklace of this child is outstanding. it is a fascinating piece of jewelry to console against. it gives you goosebumps, but it's incredible. even compared to ancient. petra was one sized todd, the berry treasures taken to germany for further examination. the restoration experts, andrea fisher and ali spook heart. prepare the beads so that the archeologist ha, she can reconstruct the necklace

which will then be returned to jordan. suddenly the modern world is brought to a standstill by a virus. international travel largely ceases. and national borders are closed. finally, an autumn of 2021. the experts from the fire only vegetate berlin's ex adi and to scientific association are able to return with jamil as were stored necklace. the stone age artwork is to receive a special place in the new petro museum. near the basha excavation site. archaeological discoveries are only allowed to be taken out of jordan for research purposes, but they remain the country's property before jemila. nicholas is mounted in the museum, the restoration experts and archaeologists make another visit to the discovery site . what will they uncovered this time?

husky, oak ca gabe who came to basha in 1984 and as overseen the excavations ever central's khalid read. z ad i. li, fazel, and mohammed a members of the marine tribe some of them have spent decades assisting with the excavations along with their families. many of the local bedouins once lived in and around neighboring petra, as tourism became increasingly important. the jordanian government moved them into a purpose built village. albedo village is also the base camp for the badger archaeologists. the necessary

equipment is stored in one of el bait as simple houses. the team only ever take what they really need with them. as getting to the site is extremely difficult. with the pickups, make their way through the dusty rocky landscape to the entrance into the deep barsha gorge. the spouse vegetation here requires irrigation to grow. these large trees, on the other hand, grew without human interference. they marked the beginning of the gorge shaped by masses of water, of a thousands of years known locally as a seek from here, the team has to continue on foot. the luggage makes the climb even more challenging . multiple journeys are required to transport everything to the site.

despite the difficulties, the seek remains the easiest way to access the well hidden location. it is safe to assume that people took the same route to the settlement, 9000 years ago. somewhat unsurprisingly, father was 1st discovered by a mountaineer. more than 30 years ago, the austrian climber came across some stone age tools at the foot of one of the rock walls, housekeeper ca gabor's, learned of the discovery, and set out to investigate. guided by curiosity and luck. in 1984 gabriel had to navigate the gorge without equipment. these days, free lad is remain in place in the seek during the excavations while the others are required at the site itself. with the remote

hidden location of the stone age village, protected the artifacts from grave robbers. and from late a human expansion and construction towards the top of the seek opens up to reveal the high plateau. the archaeologists have named barsha after the surrounding mountains. marian benson hans kia ca gabe or find themselves in familiar surroundings. but it is the 1st time andrea fisher and alleys, poor cod, had laid eyes on the excavation site, which amelia's grave and the beads, the 2 restoration experts have now been working on. foremost 2 years were found for thousands of years. the only visitors to this place consisted of a k personal goat heard as the 9000 year old village was discovered during the removal of the 1st layer of earth. archaeologists can only based

their conclusions on materials able to survive for millennia, such as rock, horn, bone, or shell, the jordanian archaeologist an art historian, serene. albuquerque uses the scientific results of her colleagues, as well as her knowledge and her imagination to bring the village back to life. i shall baki was part of the excavation team in 2018 and has developed a strong bond with the ancient site. it is the 5th time. marianna bens has visited barger in 2018. she and halla, al at ashi, uncovered tremulous grave that over the me, vasa his like winning the lottery to him. and i was able to excavate a number of graves that told me a lot about ancient social structures. that is my specialist else to now mind the

transition from the mandate to sedentary ways of life and the resulting social changing se, as a child, find that in barsha, one of the oldest villages discover to date, this transition occurred around 9000 years ago along with jericho and hazel baster and other places. basha is part of the so called mega site phenomenon along the jordan rift valley, which introduced new socio economic patterns to the area. oh, initial settlements were founded here around a 1000 years be see. these settlements expanded covering areas of up to 16 hector's . then banished again. barger lies approximately half way between the red sea and the dead sea. at the edge of what he out above. the dead sea region acts as a form of natural archive for geologists and hydrologists. the strata all layers of

rock and soil reflect the climatic conditions of the past. a warm period began around 12000 years ago, causing glaciers to melt and sea levels to rise. the changing climate resulted in cold, damp winces, and hot summer months. ideal conditions were growing grain and legumes. these changes, along with the fertile soils allowed previously nomadic peoples to settle in one place. villages sprung up and then expanded. their inhabitants farmed the land and enjoyed the new found leisure opportunities at the time, the landscape between a mom and october probably looked similar to the north of modern day jordan, where reforestation efforts are now proving successful.

to date it is not known how the people who lived on the plateau gained access to water. there was no indication that there was a spring in the vicinity. did the villagers perhaps used to seek as a reservoir? and what did this remote plato look like at the time? you know, life is changing from bus until now until i don't know, we have many things that make high temperature endorsed. and at before in the site, they have like cam water source around the site indicate from the tools the leak to it's also when you find some tunes, they use the pool again, like seas and pieces indicate that they use it for planets and it was good these aiden's comply the death the people of vasa lift off farming and their

livestock lance. they primarily grew legumes and were found conclusive. proof that they formed pays the alps as a her animal protein was provided by sheep and goats and zones. the would do shop. we assumed that the field stretched out towards valley arabic and were also located up here towards the east of the arabian plateau. reached him while the anava at the time this mount, the beginning of the vast steps which now desert, or yet the calls and stepan unpinned. so at the american side, or to boost ist population number's increased rapidly. carbohydrates were now readily available, which was not the case for hunter gatherer societies. women were therefore able to give birth every 2 years, rather than every 4 to 5 years. but

why would people choose to settle in such a constricted area? there would have been a limited amount of land available for farming and access to water was as problematic then as it is now. for tyler z, even darlin does as up one of the advantages of this location is that it is quite remote law. in addition, once it was settled, there was little chance of territorial dispute area and then the people may have argued amongst themselves over land wide, but there was no outside threat. it's also muffin of a neat mammoth on the because space was limited. dwellings were built close together layer by layer. the work is advanced further into the past. some of the walls reach depths of around 4 meters,

which suggests the buildings had at least 2 stories. ah, the rooms are small and have little no daylight. the excavations confirm that they will largely use for food preparation and storage as yet, there is no indication of any pav. so lanes between the buildings never can. we can say with some confidence that the settlement was very dense. we constructed wherever we dug. we uncovered wolves come on one, it is increasingly clear that the little rooms be excavated in the initial phases, were too small for people to live in the i'm of we therefore assume that much of the village is life to place on the roofs and in nature of the home in the la to of that to fall as hunters and gatherers, small numbers of humans had spread out across bos territories. now hundreds lived

close together from out on benson. this raises a number of questions. how was the people lived in house is built side by side for at least 500 years often, but largely without any apparent conflict. it's hard to imagine that the neighbor wasn't 500 meters or a kilometer away, but right next door, exactly. that is extremely, socially challenging, enormous, it allows for the home little is known of how the people of the time organized their lives. what rules were stablished to protect social cohesion, and which familial constellations made use of the buildings. and how, since i seen jojo gretzky of the german archaeological institute, examines the bones, found during the excavation to learn more about how the people were related to each other, the ages and the causes of death. dick not the bones are very fragile and when he

brushed the dirt away, you can see them very clearly and bad as soon as you pick them up. they fall apart and we have to reconstruct them in the laboratory and therefore unable to obtain the results we can get from well preserved skeletons. nonetheless, guleski is able to come to some initial conclusions. thus, yes, i, this is a child skull. it's facing in my direction, part of it still concealed in the earth under the wall. unfortunately, there are at least 2 people here, one adult, one child. there might be more children. flight of makena. at the time, people were buried under the floors inside the buildings. rather than some distance from the village. as, as dunker dozens of why i think our modern burial prices would be as much of a mystery to them as theirs are to us. we try to keep our distance from death. of

course, our burial sites are not located in our houses. in fact, we try to establish them outside population centers. so we can stay as far away from death as possible. that may be, this would have been considered inappropriate back then for the da modeling for it, it may even be the complete opposite of what they believed that i from the embassies is a good afternoon. ah shamella was also buried below the floor of a house where she would have remained close to the living. as most a forced air, they will be up lay i was sealed, and whitewashed. i to resemble the rest of the floor. won't the ha below that was a layer of stone chip safely touch log and then intentionally shattered sandstone tiles that glitter like a mother of pearl in the sunlight when the broken van won't come because the car below that was the largest lan monitor and raising that was very exciting. how was it? we lifted it up and when we saw was sand comes out,

we brush and brushed and brushed. the team feared that the grave was empty and was close to re sealing it and then come the us and then we saw the beats. at 1st we numbered each one individually, and then we began numbering groups, national from eventually we were just taking photos and making small sketches before we removed whole bundles. there were 2500 beads and all and calls and 12500 beat more than had ever been found in one place in this area. where did they come from? and what was their purpose? in the spring of 2019 the valuable objects were sent to the academy of art and design in stuttgart. which spec wise is in conserving historical cultural discoveries. ah elise pooh account is responsible for

restoring each individual element of the artifact while the archaeologist, allah, allah! she is tasked with reconstructing the entire piece by evaluating traces left during the production process and in use. a lot of she is able to determine what purpose certain beads served. ah, the barger treasure is kept safely in a small back room on the 3rd floor. alleys workout knows, every inch of it in incredible detail as that. so our, initially, when the objectives were connected in bags found it was impossible to determine what condition the individual beads were in the find. one of course the archaeologists expressed their wish that we would produce an exhibition piece. but we had to evaluate everything 1st. but what time, whether this would be possible, depending on the condition of the beats, and how many could actually be exhibited. and austin 1000. mm

mm. i least poor card examined every single one of the $2500.00 beats checking the deposits on the surface. and carefully removing them under the microscope using a variety of methods boycott attempts to restore each valuable bead to as close to its original state as possible. she then use a synthetic resins to conserve the beat, and prepare them for the process of reconstructing the entire pace. this treatment can be reversed if future generations of scientists have access to new technical processes and wish to re examine the original beats incredibly restoration. that's our eventually able to pass around 80 percent of the 9000 year old be john to holler ashy.

first of all, we tried to understand the position of all this beats without saying that this is a nicholas or this is a belt or didn't we just try to understand the relation of the beads with the bones . and we saw during this commission that these beats where for some traded on the neck of a child. after considering the archaeological data, we started to concentrator exclusively on the beads and to try to understand that initial position. one discovery in particular, proved useful in reconstructing the ancient jewelry. one of the 1st things that we found during the desk of asian was there ink, as it was completely in a vertical position. so we started by excavating that edge of their inc witcher, which was very, very fragile. and we had to go down very,

very carefully. after i think 3 days, we finally got the entire ring, but it was fragmented, of course, and during this collision, we found that we still have small beats stuck to these before asians. and so we know we knew her since the beginning that there ink had a very important role in this necklace. the mother repelled ring is the centerpiece of the necklace and ties it altogether. the ring itself is produced from a single large shell. ah! in order to gain a deeper understanding of the methods and abilities of the people at the time, the akio technician voice hain, attempted to create an accurate replica of the original. this may not be

a rigorously scientific experiment, but it provides some indication of what tools and techniques were used 9000 years ago. that is from him. from the moment i heard about the badger be necklace, i'll to recreate it using original stone edge tools or, you know, when for to touch the 1st. when i had to find a large shell for the shopping. the ominous at the outline of the ring is edged on to the shell using a beerin made by splitting a sanction of a piece of flint, with a single well aimed blow calling it. yet if he could have killed that worked, the edge here is what we will work with. the other cut to metabolic bag. 3 motion at least this metal was probably used to car the entire ring out of the shell. but you have to be very careful when drilling you have to turn

on to be and exert very little pressure. otherwise, the drill bit, all the shell may break. the shell may have been somewhat exotic, but the people of bars are most likely found the raw materials for the sandstone beads on their doorstep vanished what they were probably produce using the same method to be seen elsewhere. i tried it several times. it takes a lot of patience and care. every 5th, beatle so breaks, which is clenched i. these small stones, a ground smooth with the edges of the stones of sand down to produce the necessary curves.

the next step is particularly risky. voice hain carefully uses a flint bit to drill a tiny hole through the beat. zoe, this is lost. now the whole is completed, how that we could sand down each bead individually. but there is also another possibility. we can place several beats on the stake. i'm struck stricken when virginia is to go down, run the entire row over the flat together meter none, none of those us thank letter which sorry ah, did you read about it and struck him by turning the stick back and forth. i could ensure that all the bees and up the same size is quite a fast process. the corners and edges are already gone. if i continue doing this for half an hour or an hour than the beats will all look fairly similar the to turn

i limited when you got the beats were unbelievably small and intricate. the people must have been very skilled and have had sensitive hands in order to produce something so fragile. ah, the necklace is proof of the exceptional workmanship and the aesthetic sensibilities the early sedentary humans were capable of. and in no way conforms to familiar cliches about primitive stone age people inspired by the nicholas, the team named the girl in the grave. shamella the beautiful. ah, imagine that this importance of this child that they took this hull a masterpiece and put its hides in the earth or after all this work. so yes, it's that now it has

a lot of dimensions that we are only starting to understand. every element of the necklace has several stories to tell about the raw materials, the production techniques, it's place within the greater whole. and about the dead girl herself, ah tamela in so fennel lucas jemila has made his change by changing accepted preconceptions of the neolithic age. youngster. the new stone age is often depicted as crude and simple. but the jewelry and the construction of the gray suggest that people had special skill sets and that there was a far ranging trade network or key cities in them quite the necklace is turquoise stone. this came from sinai while the shells were from the red sea. and the way it was thread, it had suggests it was something very special or skin that this alice, kansas and alpha. the discovery of other delicate pieces of jewelry,

including fragile pendants and apparently mass produced rings made of red sandstone, reveals that the people of the age devoted a lot of time to producing hand crafted luxury goods. the artifacts uncovered by the archaeologists confirmed that they were made in almost every single house to the limitations on struggling infant bond. shaw to the renowned barger sandstone rings were made from coast disks that were more or less round. they were then hollowed out by scraping a deep grooves in which eventually he allowed the centerpiece to be removed. heil done her last name. these the experimental archeologists reveals the next steps in the production process. not have little ruined after the center is removed and there are 2 ways of working on the ran frida. we can either use of

b or into achieve the shape go want or we send it down into the right side. syndicalism. lighten lies sound a sounding and grinding it would have been audible to any one approaching a neolithic settlement for a long way away. the fragile sandstone rings remained something of a mystery. ms. nick can we don't know quite what they will use for. we assuming that quantity played an important role, the more rings one had the more prestigious one was he shot. my theory is that they were used as coupons for trade and that objects could be exchanged for certain services or favors through the india. such objects may also have included shells or ring, and there were symbols of appreciation and help to increase social cohesion. yeah.

interestingly, there was also a type of forgery at the time. similar rings were the same, distinctive red color. well sir, produce using mall in nearby basta. it was much easier and faster to work with molly, than with sandstone. and the rings were then simply dyed red. these rings were produced in areas where there was no sandstone. wooden forgeries have been a part of life ever since humans learned to make things sad. the mental or duty of motto, philip and copays, for the demand for certain goods and far ranging trade networks came at a cost. ah, the village is existence increasingly depended on access to raw materials and market forces. the exotic materials used to produce tremulous necklace are just one

example of the significance of valuable objects. objects which had to be paid for somehow a further challenge was maintaining a peaceful society in such a small space as yet no indications of any form of hierarchical structure have been found. ah, madame modern study, everybody else said once a group consists of a 150 people or more, it becomes very difficult to maintain control and ensure that disagreement stand escalate. megan aiden. conflict management is essential watchman. up to 500 people lived. in barger, a large settlement by the standards of the time social conflicts could have led to a rapid breakdown of the community. this is just one of the possible factors that may have caused the inhabitants of barbara to abandon the settlement for ever. around 6900

b c. up days. and because it is difficult to say whether this development was a result of collapse or simply change then and perhaps a greater differentiation set in among the later settlers, mency sam began to move about and returned to the nomadic lifestyle. while others settled in smaller villages incline, i wonder, perhaps this was a better model fiarty, but that was both more sustainable and more socially compatible. has application much of basha has been preserved as a result of the settlements remote location, jemila grave and her necklace are the most significant artifacts found at the excavation site to date. and we'll now we put on display in the new petro museum. ah. the countries entire history is on display. here, with barger, appearing almost at the very beginning, barsha also marked the beginning of

a development which changed human lives far more than industrialization did in the 19th century or digitalization is to day. cultures came and went settlements, rose and fell. people moved on, but humans never returned to their former hunter gatherer existence. these ground breaking developments are preserved as a meal as burial sites. hussein al sabah is therefore determined to ensure that the grave is reconstructed as accurately as possible. my part is to rebuild the system of the grave in the museum and this is what i am doing right now. and i think it looks good. what do you think? in another room in the museum, andrea fisher alleys poor cut and ha, russia are similarly excited to see their work finally come to fruition. sole, after well known events,

the necklace was broken down to its component parts for the journey from germany to jordan, to ensure that the ancient piece of jewelry arrived unscathed. the strings of beads are now re attached to form the necklace that 9000 years earlier, grieving parents had placed around the neck of their deceased daughter. hello laura . she has produced a sketch to use as a guide. the concepts they year really thought before composing this necklace. it was studied and not only in terms of needs, it was also measured and conceptualized in terms of strength and chords. and this means that the other people were also involved not only beat makers, but also probably people who, where specialized in making chords or making strength certain tasks were most

likely performed by specialists. an early example of division of labor. how the inhabitants of badger sauce, the raw materials remains a mystery. if you want to have exotic materials, it's better that you'll be in a very or well situated village, where you can work your network and relationships in order to get her nice, a good quality for materials. and it is strange that they are almost hidden between the mountains. so this is weird when you see the environment. when you see the village on, you see the location. despite the remote nature of the village, barges inhabitants had close ties to their surroundings. it is impossible to say just how extensive this network was, but the people were certainly part of the wider world. while the experts in the museum are hard at work rebuilding jemila necklace,

excavations continue on the plateau. marianna bent discovers a slab from a grave. is history repeating itself? once again, a burial site is found just as excavations draw to a close. but hans gail car gabriel has his doubts. it's not him after clearing the entire area, i now have a different idea. it's possible that the slab is simply lying on the floor, that there isn't actually a grave at all. but i'm not sure. the plaster and the layer of ash would suggest that it is a grave, but i can't be 100 percent sure. on is that only i would brush away some more of the dirt and then use the scrape to uncover mold batter quotes martez, you know, may be lifted slightly on cobra and then check if there is anything underneath or not. there's a 90 percent chance of it. being a grave with lots of bones, so you're very optimistic it

sounds different here than it does here. can you hear it? does come on, i national the might just be a hole in one place and that's true. i think i'm under it now. leak from the it's lou snap on tool. it's on to pull it out horizontally as we don't know where the frank jer is it's not islam. now it's more damage than before. fuzzy. what kevin lee, he. oh, dear, it's of puzzle pieces, naya pye dave. we'll never see resume fortunately, we have so restore as long as thought torn the buck i know precisely the slab has been removed and the tension mouse there are some larger stones here. once again, molly on has to work quickly as the excavation is about to finish for the year.

evening falls and work stops for the day. bozza has a welcoming mystical atmosphere despite its remote location. and the hard work of the excavations, the art logical team has been rewarded for to years of perseverance. with the discovery of jemila and her necklace at the petro museum, hollard ashi, andrea fisher and elise boycott are also about to be rewarded. jemila nicholas has been completed and it's ready to be exhibited. finally, we finally found the appropriate place for it. yeah. okay. yeah. so i'm, yeah, that's how it should be. it looks good. ah,

we have, it's here. it's not only on paper, so we have it's really in the museum, so it's really great. ah. on the bars of plato, the last day of excavation has begun up. so i removed the layer of glass stuff, but there's nothing but sand underneath wasn't part of that's a shame. i thought that be more nothing has been found below the stone slab, but jojo guleski has discovered and laid bare a child sco in another room. a 2nd sco remain stuck in the earth. despite the time pressure gretzky hopes she can extract it in one piece. ah,

pollyanna, mary ann, hans georg look what i found yourself when was, what is it? yes, the child's skull was here, and he is the cervical spine. and the ribs in situ, the upper arm is precisely where it should be. and as a beautiful necklace around the neck, yet a bead necklace of pancoast is of yeah, yeah. with long beads and a beautiful red and green stone guinasso dime. but with your fantastic ha, and that the last possible momma shita ha, ha. see this the situation is reminiscent of 2018 back then halla, she had to stop what she was doing, in order to retrieve shamela sensational necklace. now in 2021. the same thing happens again. jojo caskey who discovered the grave has to catch a flight. and hal allora she assumed responsibility for retrieving the jewelry. it is as though the ancient graves of badger are telling the team. make sure you come

back there is still much to discover. ah, hello laura. she has collected the beads and numbered them. she will remain in albania for a time in order to examine the artifact piece by piece. what will this discovery reveal about human existence? 9000 years ago in recent decades, basha has provided a wealth of information that has changed, accepted wisdom, about the people of the neolithic age. our distant ancestors were able to spend time engaged in creative aesthetic and decorative pursuits because of an abundance of food. basha has fundamentally altered our understanding of the past yet so much about the ancient settlement still remains a mystery for now,

a ah, declaring bull on garbage. in bosnia, a citizen movement is fighting environmental pollution. it's founder ecology, professor at cooper,

is taking action west state authority have failed. the cross border initiative says it's time to clean up that home. focus on europe. in 30 minutes on d. w is the end of the pandemic in site. we show what it could look like will return to normal and we visit those who are finding it difficult with success in our weekly coping. 19 special every thursday con d. w. a or eternal token, dynamite, and the pillar of sticks and society. a symbol of arbitrary rule and crucial tool in the struggle for justice taxes the right to

levy taxes and the obligation to pay them both inherent in the sovereignty of nation states and their citizens. but what happens when the power of taxation is undermined with won't pay check session and politics starts october 21st on the w. ah, this is, these are the news and these are all top stories. russian president vladimir putin has declared martial law in the 4 regions of ukraine illegally annexed just weeks ago. the decree gives more power to local.