varying suits her plan to cats. texts is something that she was forced to ah, take back and to that, to lead to her resignation. in the end probably are brussels beauty, for example, are phenomena there. thank you will examine and that was it from a me and the new steam for to day. i don't go away though. next hour, documentary series doc fil laws. one of the world's oldest human settlements in jordan, on the cold, foolish, we'll have a well news update for you at the top of the off, up gab office in berlin from me and the team to watch ah ah, and he tagged along to this vision starts in germany,

europe and the world d. w. travel freely when i am here in a sparse rocky landscape and jordan, a mysterious grave has been discovered in the 9000 year old resting place of a young girl who is buried below the floor of a house in a stone age settlement. ah, the girl was buried alongside valuable, elaborate grave goods which were most likely symbols of a great sense of love and loss. meet us as humans settled, the dead became part of everyday life. people increasingly related to those they had lost and to their ancestors. bonnen,

archaeologists who uncovered the remains of the 8 year old child named her shamella, the beautiful ah what happened all those thousands of years ago? and what does the grave reveal about life in basha? this neolithic settlement on the 26th of june 2018. in barger, the years excavations are drawing to a close, and the archaeologists are carefully recovering the final artifacts from the site. it is business as usual,

until the team suddenly comes across shameless grave. they are amazed by their discovery i. the grange was extremely elaborate. as all the grave goods alongside tremulous remains i would say that the necklace of this child is outstanding. it is a fascinating piece of jewelry to cleanse off against. it gives you, goosebumps, it's incredible. even compared to ancient. petra was one times taught the buried treasures taken to germany for further examination. the restoration experts, andrea fisher and alleys book heart prepare the beads so that the archaeologist ha, she can reconstruct the necklace

which will then be returned to jordan. suddenly the modern world is brought to a standstill by a virus. international travel largely ceases. and national borders are closed. finally, an autumn of 2021. the experts from the fire when we visited berlin's ex audi into scientific association, are able to return. with shameless, restored nicholas the stone age artwork is to receive a special place in the new petro museum. near the basha excavation site, archaeological discoveries are only allowed to be taken out of jordan for research purposes, but they remain the countries property before jemila nicholas is mounted in the museum, the restoration experts and archaeologists make another visit to the discovery site . what will they uncovered this time?

husky, oak ca, gabe who came to basha in 1984 and has overseen the excavations ever since khalid read z add a li, fazel and mohammed a members of the amarillo tribe. some of them have spent decades assisting with the excavations along with their families. many of the local bedouins once lived in and around neighboring petra, as tourism became increasingly important. the jordanian government moved them into a purpose built village albania. the village is also the base camp for the badger, archaeologists. the necessary equipment is stored in one of albedo as simple houses

. the team only ever take what they really need with them as getting to the site is extremely difficult. with the pickups, make their way through the dusty rocky landscape to the entrance into the deep barsha gorge. the spouse vegetation here requires irrigation to grow these large trees, on the other hand, grew without human interference. they marked the beginning of a gourd shaped by masses of water, of a thousands of years known locally as a seek. from here, the team has to continue on foot. the luggage makes the climb even more challenging . multiple journeys are required to transport everything to the site.

despite the difficulties, the seek remains the easiest way to access the well hidden location. it is safe to assume that people took the same route to the settlement 9000 years ago. somewhat unsurprisingly, barger was 1st discovered by a mountaineer. more than 30 years ago, the austrian climber came across some stone age tools at the foot of one of the rock walls, housekeeper. ca gabe are learned of the discovery and set out to investigate, guided by curiosity and lock. with in 1984 gabriel had to navigate the gorge without equipment. these days, free lad is remain in place in the seek during the excavations while the others are required at the site itself. with the remote

hidden location of the stone age village protected the artifacts from grave robbers, and from later human expansion and construction towards the top of the seek opens up to reveal the high plateau the archaeologists have named barsha after the surrounding mountains. marian benson hans kia ca gabor's find themselves in familiar surroundings. but it is the 1st time andrea fisher and alleys, poor cod, had laid eyes on the excavation site, which amelia's grave and the beads, the 2 restoration experts have now been working on for almost 2 years. were found for thousands of years. the only visitors to this place consisted of a k personal goat heard as the 9000 year old village was discovered during the removal of the 1st layer of earth. archaeologists can only based

their conclusions on materials able to survive for millennia, such as rock, horn, bone, or shell, the jordanian archaeologist an art historian, serene. albuquerque uses the scientific results of her colleagues, as well as her knowledge and her imagination to bring the village back to life. i'll show baki was part of the excavation team in 2018 and has developed a strong bond with the ancient site. it is the 5th time. marianna bens has visited barger in 2018. she and halla, al at ashi, uncovered tremulous grave. that's over his a me vasa is like winning the lottery to him and i was able to excavate a number of graves that told me a lot about ancient and social structures. that is my specialist else. denial mind that transition from the magic to set in 3 ways of life and the resulting social

changing se. as a child, find that in barger, one of the oldest villages discovered to date this transition occurred around 9000 years ago. along with jericho and hazel baster and other places, basha is part of the so called mega site phenomenon along the jordan rift valley, which introduced new socio economic patterns to the area. oh, initial settlements were founded here around a 1000 years, b, c. these settlements expanded covering areas of up to 16 hector's then banished again. barger lies approximately half way between the red sea and the dead sea. at the edge of what he out about. the dead sea region act as a form of natural archive for geologists and hydrologists. the strata, or layers of rock and soil reflect the climatic conditions of the past. a

warm, a period began around 12000 years ago, causing glaciers to melt and sea levels to rise. the change in climate resulted in cold, damp winces, and hot summer months. ideal conditions were growing grain and legumes. these changes, along with the fertile soils allowed previously nomadic peoples to settle in one place, villages sprung up and then expanded. their inhabitants farmed the land and enjoyed the new found leisure opportunities at the time, the landscape between a mom and october probably looked similar to the north of modern day jordan, where reforestation efforts are now proving successful.

to date it is not known how the people who lived on the plateau gained access to water. there was no indication that there was a spring in the vicinity. did the villagers perhaps use the seek as a reservoir? and what did this remote plato look like at the time? you know, life is changing from pass on to now enter. i don't know. we have many things that make high temperature in toward and i before in the site. they have like cam water source around the site indicate from the tools the live today. also, when you find some tools, they use it for a green dean like sees. and this is indicate that they use it for planets, and it was good laden, scorn, fly. there, death the people of vasa lived, our farming and their livestock,

lance. they primarily grew legumes and we have found conclusive proof that they formed pays the alps as a her animal protein was provided by sheep and goats and zones would do shop. we assume that the field stretched out towards valley arabic and were also located up here towards the east of the arabian plateau. reached him while the r barr at the time this mount, the beginning of the vast steps which are now desert, or yacht, the calls and stepping unpinned. so the american side, or to boost ist population numbers increased rapidly. carbohydrates were now readily available, which was not the case for hunter gatherer societies. women were therefore able to give birth every 2 years, rather than every 4 to 5 years. but

why would people choose to settle in such a constricted area? there would have been a limited amount of land available for farming and access to water was as problematic then as it is now for tyler z even darling does as up one of the advantages of this location is that it is quite remote law. in addition, at once, it was settled, there was little chance of territorial dispute here. then the people may have argued amongst themselves overland life. but there was no outside threat is also muffin of a neat mammoth on the because space was limited. dwellings were built close together layer by layer, the work is advanced further into the past. some of the walls reach depths of

around 4 meters, which suggests the buildings had at least 2 stories. ah, the rooms are small and have little no daylight. the excavations confirm that they will largely use for food preparation and storage as yet, there is no indication of any part. so lanes between the buildings never can. we can say with some confidence that the settlement was very densely constructed. wherever we dug, we uncovered wolves come on one. it is increasingly clear that the little rooms be excavated and the initial phases were too small for people to live in the i'm of we therefore assume that much of the village is life to place on the roofs and in nature of the home in the la to off that to fall as hunters and gatherers small numbers of humans had spread out across bos territories. now hundreds lived

close together for marianna benson. this raises a number of questions. how the people lived in houses built side by side for at least 500 years, often, but largely without any apparent conflict. it's hard to imagine that the neighbor wasn't 500 meters or a kilometer away, but right next door is quickly that is extremely socially challenging. enormous it's law off on the home. little is known of how the people of the time organized their lives. what rules were stablished, protect social cohesion, and which familial constellations made use of the buildings. and how, since with her, she was a jojo gretzky of the german archaeological institute, examines the bones found during the excavation to learn more about how the people were related to each other, the ages and the causes of death. dick not the bones are very fragile and when he

brushed the dirt away, you can see them very clearly, but as soon as you pick them up, they fall apart and we have to reconstruct them in the laboratory and are therefore unable to obtain the results. we can get from well preserved skeletons nonetheless, guleski is able to come to some initial conclusions. thus, yes, i, this is a child skull. it's facing in my direction. part of it still concealed in the earth under the wall. unfortunately, there are at least 2 people here, one adult, one child. there might be more children, flight of makena. at the time, people were buried under the floors inside the buildings, rather than some distance from the village. as the stinker dozens of why i think our modern burial practices would be as much of a mystery to them as theirs are to us. we try to keep our distance from death. of

course our burial sites are not located in our houses. in fact, we try to establish them outside population centers, so we can stay as far away from death as possible. that may be, this would have been considered inappropriate back then, should be da modeling, for it may even be the complete opposite of what they believed that i from the embassies is a good afternoon. ah shamella was also buried below the floor of a house where she would have remained close to the living. as most a forced air. they will be up to lay i was sealed and whitewashed. i to resemble the rest of the floor. winter ha! below that was a layer of stone chip safely touch log and then intentionally shattered sandstone tiles that glitter like a mother of pearl in the sunlight when the broken band won't come because the colo that was the largest lan monitor and raising that was very exciting. how was it we lifted it up and when we saw was sand comes that we brushes and brushed and brushed

. the team feared that the grave was empty and was close to re sealing it. and then come the us and then we saw the beads. at 1st we numbered each one individually and then we began numbering groups actual some eventually we were just taking photos and making small sketches before we removed whole bundles. there were 2500 beads and oh and also 12500 beat more than had ever been found in one place in this area. where did they come from? and what was their purpose? in the spring of 2019, the valuable objects are sent to the academy of art and design in stuttgart, which spec wise's in conserving historical cultural discoveries. ah, elise poor cats is responsible for restoring each individual element of the artifact

. while the archaeologist ala allot ashy, is tasked with reconstructing the entire piece by evaluating traces left during the production process and in use, a lot of she is able to determine what purpose certain beads served. ah, the barger treasure is kept safely in a small back room on the 3rd floor. alleys book out knows every inch of it in incredible detail. as far so as initially when the objectives were collected in bags, pan, it was impossible to determine what condition the individual beads were in that as i'm one of course the archaeologists expressed their wish that we would produce an exhibition piece. but we had to evaluate everything 1st. but what time, whether this would be possible, depending on the condition of the beats, and how many could actually be exhibited. and austin 1000. mm

mm. i least poor caught examines every single one of the $2500.00 beats, checking the deposits on the surface and carefully removing them under the microscope. using a variety of methods book out attempts to restore each valuable bead to as close to its original state as possible. she then use a synthetic resins to conserve the beat and prepare them for the process of reconstructing the entire pace. this treatment can be reversed if future generations of scientists have access to new technical processes and wish to re examine the original beats incredibly restoration. that's our eventually able to pass around 80 percent of the 9000 year old be john to holler ashy.

first of all, we tried to understand the position of all these feats without saying that this is a nicholas or this is a belt or dia, them we just try to understand the relation of the beats with the bones until he so during today's commission that just beats wherefore saturated on the neck of a child. after considering the archaeological data, we started to concentrator exclusively on the beads and her try to understand the initial position. one discovery in particular, proves useful in reconstructing the ancient jewelry. while the 1st things that we found during this conversion was there, ink as it was completely in a vertical position. so we started by excavating that edge of there in which a, which was very, very fragile. and we had to go down very,

very carefully. after i think 3 days, we finally got the entire ring, but it was fragmented, of course. and during this conversation, we found that we still have small beats stuck to these before asians. and so we not, we knew her since the beginning that there ink had a very important role in this necklace. the mother of pearl ringing is the centerpiece of the necklace and ties it altogether. the ring itself is produced from a single large shell. ah, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the methods and abilities of the people at the time, the akio technician, voice pain attempts to create an accurate replica of the original. this may not be a rigorously scientific experiment,

but it provides some indication of what tools and techniques we used 9000 years ago . that is from him, from the moment i heard about the badger be necklace, i'll to recreate it using original stone age tools or you know, transportation to traverse. when i had to find a large shell for the shopping. the ominous at the outline of the ring is edged on to the shell using the beerin made by splitting a sanction of a piece of flint with a single well aimed blow clean it. yet if she could have killed that worked, the edge here is what we will work with. the other cut to metabolic layer motion, at least this metal was probably used to car the entire ring out of the shell. but

you have to be very careful when drilling you have to turn on to be and exert very little pressure. otherwise the drill bit, all the shell, my break, the shell may have been somewhat exotic, but the people of bars are most likely found the raw materials for the sandstone beads on their doorstep vanished what they were probably produce using the same method we've seen elsewhere, should've i've tried it several times. it takes a lot of patience and care. every 5th beatle so breaks his clenched eye, these small stones, a ground smooth blue . the edges of the stones are sanded down to produce the necessary curves.

the next step is particularly risky. voice haine carefully uses a flint bit to drill a tiny hole through the beat. zoe, this is lost now the whole is completed, how that we could sundown each be individually. but there is also another possibility. we can place several beats on a stick. i'm struck stricken when burton it is to go down, run the entire row over the slab together meter, none of those us thank letter which sorry ah, if you read about it in struck him by turning the stick back and forth, i could ensure that all the bees and up the same size is quite a fast process. the corners and edges are already gone. if i continue doing this for half an hour or an hour than the beats will all look fairly similar,

that he turn alameda vinegar the beats were unbelievably small and intricate. the people must have been very skilled and have had sensitive hands in order to produce something so fragile. ah, the necklace is proof of the exceptional workmanship and the aesthetic sensibilities the early sedentary humans were capable of. and in no way conforms to familiar cliches about primitive stone age people. inspired by the nicholas, the team named the girl in the grave. shamella, the beautiful blue. imagine that this importance of this child that they took this whole, oh masterpiece and put it, hide it in the earth or after all this work. so yes, it said now it has a lot of dimensions that we are only starting to understand.

every element of the necklace has several stories to tell about the raw materials, the production techniques, its place within the greater whole. and about the dead girl herself, ah tamela in so fennel lucas jemila has made history by changing accepted preconceptions of the neolithic age young that the new stone age is often depicted as crude and simple. but the jewelry and the construction of the gray suggest that people had special skill sets and that there was a far ranging trade network is a disease. and quite the necklace is turquoise stone. this came from sinai while the shells were from the red sea. and the way it was thread, it had suggested it was something very special. i'll skin that this alice, kansas. and i wasn't the discovery of other delicate pieces of jewelry,

including fragile pendants and apparently mass produced rings made of red sandstone, reveals that the people of the age devoted a lot of time to producing hand crafted luxury goods. the artifacts uncovered by the archaeologists confirmed that they were made in almost every single house to the limitations on struggling infant bond. shaw to the renowned barger sandstone rings were made from coast disks that were more or less round. they were then hollowed out by scraping a deep grooves in which eventually allowed the centerpiece to be removed. heil done her last name. these the experimental archeologists reveals the next steps in the production process not in little through and after the center is removed and there are 2 ways of working on the red feed. we can either use our

b or into achieve the shape go want, or we send it down into the right size nickerson. life him lies. sound a sounding and grinding. it would have been older boy to any one approaching a neolithic settlement for a long way away. the fragile sandstone rings remained something of a mystery. ms. nick can but we don't know quite what they will useful. we assuming that quantity played an important role. the more rings one had the more prestigious one was he shot. my theory is that they were used as coupons for trade in that objects could be exchanged for certain services or favors that through the india. such objects may also have included shells or ring, and there was symbols of appreciation and help to increase social cohesion. yeah.

interestingly, there was also a type of forgery at the time. similar rings with the same distinctive red color, well said produce using mall in nearby basta. it was much easier and faster to work with mildly than with sandstone. and the rings were then simply dyed red. these rings were produced in areas where there was no sandstone. wooden forgeries have been a part of life ever since humans learn to make things sad. the mental duty of motto, gallop, and copays, for the demand for certain goods and far ranging trade networks came at a cost ah, the villages existence increasingly depended on access to raw materials and market forces. the exotic materials used to produce tremulous necklace are just one example of the significance of valuable objects. objects which had to be paid for

somehow a further challenge was maintaining a peaceful society in such a small space. as yet no indications of any form of hierarchical structure have been found. ah, madame modern study if reveals that once a group consists of a 150 people or more, it becomes very difficult to maintain control and ensure that disagreement stand escalate. megan aiden does conflict management is essential. watchman. up to 500 people lived. in barger, a large settlement by the standards of the time social conflicts could have led to a rapid breakdown of the community. this is just one of the possible factors that may have caused the inhabitants of barter to abandon the settlement for ever. around 6900 b, c. up these and big long. it is difficult to say whether this development was

a result of collapse, or simply change then, and perhaps a greater differentiation set in among the later settlers. from anthea some began to move about and returned to the nomadic lifestyle. while others settled in smaller villages incline on and off on perhaps this was a better model fiarty, but that was both more sustainable and more socially compatible. had for practicum much of basha has been preserved as a result of the settlements remote location, jemila grave and her necklace are the most significant artifacts found at the excavation site to date. and we'll now we put on display in the new petra museum. ah. the country's entire history is on display here with basha appearing almost at the very beginning. barsha also marked the beginning of development,

which changed human lives far more than industrialization did in the 19th century or digitalization is to day cultures came and went settlements, rose and fell. people moved on, but humans never returned to their former hunter gatherer existence. these ground breaking developments are preserved as a meal as burial sites. hussein al sabah is therefore determined to ensure that the grave is reconstructed as accurately as possible. my part is to rebuild the system of the grave in the museum. and this is what i am doing right now, and i think it looks good. what do you think? in another room, in the museum, andrea fisher ali's poor cut and ha ashy, are similarly excited to see their work finally come to fruition. sole after world . no events in the necklace was

broken down to its component parts for the journey from germany to jordan, to ensure that the ancient piece of jewelry arrived unscathed. the strings of beads are now re attached to form the necklace that 9000 years earlier, grieving parents had placed around the neck of their deceased daughter. hello laura . she has produced a sketch to use as a guide. the concepts they year really thought before composing this nicholas it was studied and not only in terms of beads, it was also measured and conceptualized in terms of strength and chords. and this means that the other people were also involved not only bid makers, but also probably people who, where specialized in making chords or making strength certain tasks were most

likely performed by specialists. an early example of division of labor. how the inhabitants of badger sauce, the raw materials remains a mystery. if you want to have exotic materials, it's better that you'll be in a very or well situated village, where you can work your network and relationships in order to get her nice, a good quality for materials. and it's strange that they are almost hidden between the mountains. so this is weird when you see their environment. when you see the village, when you see the location. despite the remote nature of the village, barges inhabitants had close ties to their surroundings. it is impossible to say just how extensive this network was, but the people was certainly part of the wider world. while the experts in the museum are hard at work rebuilding jemila necklace,

excavations continue on the plateau. marian bent discovers a slab from a grave. is history repeating itself? once again, a burial site is found just as excavations draw to a close, but housekeeper car gabriel has his doubts. it's not him after clearing the entire area, i now have a different idea. it's possible that the slab is simply lying on the floor, that there isn't actually a grave at all. but i'm not sure. the plaster and the layer of ash would suggest that it is a grave, but i can't be 100 percent. sure. on it only, i would brush away some more of the dirt and then use the scrape or to uncover moles bottle goods, much as you know may be lifted slightly on cobra and then check if there is anything underneath or not. there's a 90 percent chance of it being a grave with lots of bones out. you're very optimistic. it sounds different here than it does here. can you hear it?

does come on. i national the might just be a hole in one place and that's true. clearly i'm wonder it now the from the it's lou snap on tool. it's on pull it out horizontally as we don't know where the frank jer is. it's not islam. now it's more damage than before fuzzy. what kevin lee, he. oh dear, it's a puzzle pieces. now i did one of us, he resumed, fortunately, we have to restore as long as thought torn the buck. i know precisely the slab has been removed and the tension mouse there are some larger stones here. once again, molly on has to work quickly as the excavation is about to finish for the year.

evening falls and work stops for the day. bozza has a welcoming mystical atmosphere despite its remote location. and the hard work of the excavations, the archaeological team has been rewarded for to years of perseverance. with the discovery of jemila and her necklace. at the petro museum, hollered us, she, andrea fisher and elise boycott are also about to be rewarded. jemila nicholas has been completed and it's ready to be exhibited. finally, we finally found the appropriate place for it. yeah. okay. yeah. so i'm, yeah, that's how it should be. it looks good. ah,

we have, it's here. it's not only on paper, so we have it's really in the museum, so it's really great. ah on the bars of plateau. the last day of excavation has begun to you. i removed the layer of plaster, but there's nothing but sand underneath and todd with it. that's a shame. i thought that be more nothing has been found below the stone slab, but jojo guleski has discovered and laid bare a child skull in another room. a 2nd sco remain stuck in the earth. despite the time pressure, gretzky hopes she can extract it in one piece. ah!

pollyanna, carry on hands gala. look what i found. one was, what is it? yes. the child scowl was here, and he is the cervical spine, and the ribs in city. the upper arm is precisely where it should be as a beautiful necklace around the neck. a bead necklace of pancake. as of yeah, yeah. with long beads and a beautiful red and green stone. we are not dying. but with your fantastic. and that the last possible moment hello has to see this. the situation is reminiscent of 2018 back then. hello laura. she had to stop what she was doing in order to retrieve shameless sensational necklace. now in 2021. the same thing happens again. jojo caskey who discovered the grave, has to catch her flight and halla, she assumes responsibility for retrieving the jewelry. it is as though the ancient graves of bars are telling the team. make sure you come back. there is still much

to discover. ah, hello laura. she has collected the beads and numbered them. she will remain in albania for a time in order to examine the artifact piece by piece. what will this discovery reveal about human existence? 9000 years ago. in recent decades, barza has provided a wealth of information that has changed, accepted wisdom, about the people of the neolithic age. our distant ancestors were able to spin time engaged in creative aesthetic and decorative pursuits because of an abundance of food. basha has fundamentally altered our understanding of the past yet so much about the ancient settlement still remains a mystery for now. ah,

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d w ah ah ah ah, a sustainable u news, lying from berlin, more political chaos in the u. k. as the prime minister announces, she's stepping down after just 6 weeks. list trust says she's resigning as leader