he knows that should he win and quarter out. we'll finish outside the top 3. you'll clinch a maiden title, but if the qualifying anything to go by, things would be anything like that simple. and just before we go, a reminder of our top story. security forces in iran have arrested does is more protesters as anti government demonstrations extend into a 6th week. meanwhile, tens of thousands have rallied here in berlin in solidarity with iran, oppressed as an update at this hour. i'm clare richardson, if berlin thank you so much for watching. a vibrant habitat ended listening place of longing, mediterranean sea. he had almost rar enter far, dual career drift along with exploring modern lifestyles and the mediterranean

meeting. people actually hearing their dreams a detouring journey this week on d w. how about taking a few risks? you could even take a chance on what i rearing to. ah, don't expect a happy ending. literature list. a 100 german histories ever wake up at 3 a. m, and the 1st thing you do is reach for your phone a quick scroll through your latest messages, and then you check snapshot your instagram fade take talk. i used to be addicted to instagram so much though that i actually had to delete the app altogether. these apps are meant to be addictive, the tricks develop is use and how you can avoid getting hooked. that's our topic today on shift.

ah, so how do develop has gauge the success of the apps? well, it's all about the retention rate, the percentage of users who continue using the app within a given time. in other words, the amount of users staying glued to those screens. the goal of these developers, they want to spend as much time as possible on their app. the biggest, the engine for engagement in habit forming products is always a variable reward. so a variable role is studied by be a skinner, the thought of operant conditioning. and he found that when a reward is given on and a variable schedule of reinforcement, this increases the action the desired behavior. so in all sorts of things that we find engaging, you will find a variable ward at developers want to know as much about us as possible. many apps collect our data and create incredibly accurate user profiles. these are then

turned into profit through targeted advertising. getting uses hooked is not only a strategy used by social media apps like instagram and tick. tock is also used by shopping apps like the chinese clothing retailer sheehan. earlier in 2022, she it was estimated to be worth about $100000000000.00 us dollars. more than the valuation of zara and haitian m combined company secret to success. using our data for clever marketing, they have a blended business model which is only e commerce, but also social network. oh miss lee. they also have a pretty robust operations, physical operations on this 3 pillars, social media, data, data, operations, data. if it's all orchestrated and combined is gives them the clothing retailer sheehan harnesses user data to tailor the perfect marketing strategy. it has created an entire ecosystem around its products. the app is a hybrid platform of sales and social media. in one tab, you can browse through items and in another you can watch influencers,

modeling the look. you can of course comment or like, or simply buy the product with a tab of a button. they're getting more information about your preferences as opposed to just saying, hey, do you like this? sure, if you like that, sure you're commenting or liking or watching a video where somebody is using one of their items and that makes the product better with use. so called p opinion leaders, booster brands value, katie perry, little nasa x and rita, or just a few of the celebrities who have collaborated with she in the perhaps even more important is the army of micro influencers. she works with some are awarded for their tick tock, post with free clothing. others are commission for the clicks on their post that turn into sales on she and website. it's easy to get drawn in by these celebrities and influences and as uses we reveal exactly what we like with the help of smart data analysis she and can identify trends at lightning speed

and produce clothing quickly and cheaply. if any given item goes borrow, it can then be reproduced and our daughter helps feed this cycle. she and uses a variety of tools to find online fashion trends. the aims to identify our desires and capitalize on them, compelling us to spend more time on the app. she in isn't only collecting our data, it's cross linking it to they are pretty efficient in data triangulation, which is binding data from different sources. they have basically more relevant data than our, our, any other that's a normal fast fashion brand. by running such data through smart algorithms, she and tries to predict what items might interest customers in the future. precisely how such analysis works remains she ins, well guarded secret, tick, tock, instagram, and youtube also use algorithms to show users, videos, they made light, tick, tock, especially excels. at this, the app uses

a i to scan and identify certain elements and videos and play them for users with similar viewing habits. on tick tock, it's possible for anyone to get their 15 minutes of fame with a popular video on instagram going viral depends more on a craters, reach and how their content has performed in the past with a steady stream of new and attention grabbing content. it's so easy to just get caught up in an endless, scroll through tick tock, and also develop his art total experts at playing without sense of foam of all our fear of missing out. they just use pretty standard, so called behavioral design methods. it's over used may cause people being cooked into so called infinite loops. it's a pretty clever notifications which if you dont open it may cause the syndrome of fear of missing out there is this limits this behavioral design when it starts to

be harmful and i guess she is an extreme ups. lexi internal visit into a kind of game and one which you don't always win from a psychology standpoint. the she and app really leverage is what's called a variable rewards or intermittent reinforcement. and this is the center of what i call the hope model. much like you go to casino and there's this, the excitement of gambling because there's uncertainty around what you might when the fun of watching a sports match, right? you don't know where the ball is going to go next. what team is going to school? there's a very similar mechanic in an app like she in or social media for that example that scrolling of searching and searching and scrolling, ah, is exemplified in sheehan. and our prime totally falls for it. there are various situations which dopamine is released in our brain. for instance, when we eat exercise or receive a present, this neurotransmitter activates feeling that happiness and the rewards center of our brain, motivating us to repeat the same behaviors. there's kind of his popular perception

in the media that doesn't mean as like cocaine, that it gets you odd to, to do things against your will, and that's totally inaccurate. that domain reinforces learning. it reinforce lease mileage shifts between the neurons in your brain to make those connections stronger, that neurons that fire together wire together. and so dopamine is like the sealant for the glue around these connections. ab developers take advantage of the motivating effect of dopamine. they keep us coming back with virtual trophies, bonus points, and progress notifications. the audio book service audible, for instance, rewards members with badges and vouchers for extended listening. our brain learns that listening for longer is good. the strategy here is gamification. gamification means to use game like mechanics and non gaming environments, points, badges, leader boards typically, ah,

language learning apps like those 2 and do oh lingo. also use such mechanisms. progress bars show how far we're advancing in our lessons. this motivates us and even partial success is released dopamine in our brain. a hearty congratulations from the app makes us even happier, as does moving up in the ranking. is it a bit manipulative? yes. but is it bad, per se? well, that depends. of course products are designed to be engaging that is there very purpose, an app can't get you to go exercise. if it can't get you to learn a language, if it can't make you more productive at work, that company's going to go out of business that the whole point of these type of products. so gamification elements help motivate us, for instance, to learn. but this can become problematic when money enters the picture. the practice of using gamification to get users hooked on an app and then start charging the money is fairly common. in the free version of dual lingo, only

a limited number of mistakes are allowed before you have to restart the lesson. extra attempts can be made in exchange for payment in the paid version. there's no limit to how many mistakes you can make. many fitness apps like strosver or adi, does running only on mark group challenges and trophies in the full versions she and also uses game elements to keep us on the platform for longer users get points for logging in daily and reviewing products and points can be exchanged for discounts. now, when there are products and services that might take more, something more valuable, so it's not just your time and attention, but your money. then we have special conditions, right? then we need special restraints to make sure that people are making decisions that they know don't low regret later on, on average, people spend about 3 hours a day on their phones. of course, that number varies greatly depending on how old you are and where you're from. and we check our phones $58.00 times a day,

and that's just an average. the problem isn't solely how much time we're spending on apps. it's also how frequently we're using them. study showed that every single interruption hampers our productivity. so reaching out for potential means we'll likely have to put down our phones to prevent apps from taking over our lives. it's crucial to set boundaries to save us from our so need to prevent distraction with packs a package. when you make a pre commit it to do what you're say, you're going to do. so if you say, okay, i'm going to use a twitter for 30 minutes and i have a alarm clock that goes off. and if it go, if i'm still using after x, y, z, i have to pay a penalty, or i'm going to have a friend and force it, or whatever the case might be. all kinds of ways that you can use these packs to make sure you do what it is you say you're going to do with your time. you can start out by analyzing your own behavior functions such as screen time on i phones

and digital well being on android review, how much of your time each app consumes. that will help you determine which apps you should take. a break from. instagram has a feature reminding users to take breaks to get them fresh air or to tackle a to do. there are also apps designed to boost productivity by game a fine your daily life. with super better you team up with others to take on tidying up challenges, for instance. with apps like epic when are have been occur, you can watch your avatar ascend through gaming levels as you tick off to do in your real life. you can exchange gold coin for better equipment for your avatar, but beware, even these apps can't guarantee motivation in the long run. many times gamification doesn't work very well, because it's doing what we call selling chocolate covered broccoli. i'm going to take something, people say they want, they say they want to eat healthy broccoli, but they don't really want to. so i'm going to take chocolate and i'm going to put

on top of the broccoli, and now i'm going to serve it to now. will you eat? it? will know nobody wants to cover broccoli. it's gross. no, it's important to decide what you want out of life. and set intentions because with an inner sense of purpose, even the most addictive apps will be powerless against you. one more tip to help save you from addictive apps at least at night time, instead of your phone, try using a sick alarm clock. that way you can banish your phone from your bedroom, resulting hopefully in bed asleep, better concentration and more productivity. what tips do you have against addictive apps right in and let us know that's all for today. see next on, ah ah

ah, enter the conflicts own with sarah kelly. moscow has set up a pre winter campaign to strike civilian infrastructure in ukraine using missiles and drones my guest this week on conflict zone from the berlin foreign policy for him and nato secretary general young fulton bar. how far can nato members increase support for ukraine? go to help keep repel. putting the basic conflict on the w. l. god, the bed rum and the best to god cuba and felt a food shortages, inflation isolation back to cuba. fidel castro's socialism has failed. and cubans talk about hope. you've us fading revolution.

30 minutes on t w. these places in europe are smashing all the records. stepped into a bold adventure. it's the treasure map for modern globetrotters. discover some of you to record breaking sites on google maps, youtube and now also in book form. moscow has stepped up a pre winter campaign to strike civilian infrastructure in ukraine using missiles and drones, as nato members promised to send keep more air defense systems. my guess this week on conflict zone from the berlin foreign policy for him is nato secretary general young dalton burn. how far can natal members increase support for ukraine? go to help keep, repel pollutants invasion.