are being turned away at the board, families playing bomb attacks in syria. these critical thing is we are against administrator people fleeing and extreme around again, 200 people has sunk in the gmc around the world. more than 300000000 people are seeking refuge. we ask why, because no one should have to flee and make up your own mind. d. w. for mines, drought and flooding. extreme weather events are becoming ever more frequent all around the globe. in the united arab emirates, they've been trying to be increasing heath for years with rain making techniques, but doesn't work. at the polar ice caps, glaciers are melting at a terrifying speed. and the glaciers are in the mountains. 2 researchers are

battling to collect ancient ice, which is packed with climate history before it disappears forever. ah, welcome to tomorrow to day. the science show on d. w. damon lane. hindu kush region is sometimes referred to as the 3rd pole. there are more glaciers in this region than anywhere else. apart from the north and south pole, they feed rivers with vital water. but the big melt is even affecting lofty innovations leading to flooding and lance lives like here in pakistan. in the ups, global warming is also hitting hot. in summer 2022 glacier has shrunk more quickly than ever before. tina of scientists is trying to preserve the informational

climate history that they contain by taking ice coal samples in the else on the austrian italian border. it's 8 in the morning and the austrian alps. glacier researchers are heading up the vice. they spit the mountain a peak, that's 3500 meters high. they want to collect something valuable before it's too late. ancient ice cores. the ice on the vice, they spits a mountain is getting thinner. i said there was only 10 meters thick and 6000 years old. when it disappears or melt will lose 6000 years of climate history . uncovering the ice cores at heights of 3500 meters require special equipment that's delivered by helicopter. the helicopter makes

multiple trips to transfer equipment and the research team to the summit of the vice they spitzer. the helicopter flies almost 1000 meters into the air over the glacier ski resort. but the researchers aren't interested in the ice from these normal glaciers, which are also known as temperate glaciers. there on a search for what's known as a polar glacier glaciers are formed high up in the mountains where the snow never melts. when it snows again, the old snow underneath it is pressed to ice. the majority of glaciers in the alps are temperate or warm based glaciers. that means the temperature of the ice is just barely below freezing. under the ice itself is a layer of water which allows the glacier to slide into the valley. that's why its ice is rarely more than 100 years old. toller glaciers like the

one on vices, a schmidt on the other hand, don't move at all. it's ice is a few degrees colder than that of temperate glaciers and they're frozen solid on the bottom. polar glaciers are rare in the alps. up here at heights of 3500 meters is 6000 year old glacier ice. for now, at least, researchers fear that in 10 to 20 years, all of it will be gone. temperatures up here can be as low as minus 15 degrees celsius. tough conditions for spending an entire day in one spot. strong winds complicate their work as well. midland, it's a v we are currently building a wind fence so we can work in areas that are protected from the gus for that. so we need these pieces of wood to keep it stable. that

there's more than a meter of snow on top of the glaciers. ice it has to be removed before drilling for the ancient ice cores can begin. the 5 person team needs about an hour to prepare everything. they opened the wind guard in the tent, set up the required devices and prepare the bore hole. opiate from here out to the sun has to work for us. when it goes away, we lose our power source. so we do have a battery, but it doesn't last for the drone process happening. that's why our drill is attached to a solar panel of solar charged controller and to battery can my, it's nothing we can actually get started. now i initially the drill goes in easily, but 1.5 meters down. it's already more difficult than with a miss. and south,

i really have to watch out that the drill doesn't get stuck and pull it out on time degraded austin, or north it was an army, there shows how much power the drill is currently using. if it suddenly swings upwards, the drill must be removed immediately. otherwise it will freeze the ice cores have layers that are similar to tree rings. light airy eyes alternates with dark eyes full of dust, soot, and organic deposits. some layers contain dust from the sahara desert or volcanic ash. the age of the ice layers can be determined by historical records, yet seen vill oh here with somewhere at the beginning of the modern era. at the end

of the middle ages, the highlands that was settled at the time was soon left behind because another 30 meters of ice formed in the course of the little ice age. and the whole of europe was cold. it was warmer, the fool em, but we know that there has been ice at this location permanently for 6000 years. there would glaciers here even during past womb periods of the researchers try to recover as many corps as possible air and organic material from past centuries. and millennia had been preserved in the ice and will later be analyzed in the lab. his elbow, he oldest eyes we're finding is at the very bottom, and we're most interested in just how old it is. now i have to say really, that it's the replaceable priceless if, as soon as it's gone, it's gone, you won't be able to collect it any more, you call it, and there are a few places where you can find ice like it on them. so we're collecting it now to

enrich our knowledge. those of greg, those does in at their which means that we're possibly quite close to the bottom already. well, i am gordon from every piece. no matter how small is carefully bagged after about 3 hours of uninterrupted drilling, they finally reached their goal. oh, wrong. the last ice core is brought up to the surface. again. it's 6000 years old. and now the scientists have to hurry again. the helicopter is returning at 4 p. m sharp. they carefully low the ice cores into cold boxes. keeping them cool is essential for preserving valuable knowledge about the past. them in the veil, beverly and we'll see which epochs of the last 6000 years were favorable for glaciers and which were unfavourable. and then we can best classify today's climate

change because the basic question is how unusual the process is that we observe today. i have, they occurred before in the past no matter where their past room epoch sign, if so, how long with a, how warm with a and we expect answers to these questions here. and a lot of these are from a few ice cores will be stored for posterity. so that future scientists can study them with even better analytical methods. these scientists are also drilling deep into the past. in the c bed knows event article, they did say to dna that dates back 1000000 years. dna analysis of the sediment can reveal what lived in the war to win and provide climate information. diatoms, for example, in one kind of phases, algae species were able to breed successfully and populate the c and large number

is being deposited over thousands of years on the sea bed. analyzing the true cause can also help research has better understand how human induced climate change might affect the waters of antarctica in the future. one thing is clear as the waters war. many glaciers in antarctica are melting, including the doomsday glacier. this is weights one of the world's largest glaciers. it's located in western antarctica and covers 192000 square kilometers. that makes it roughly the size of senegal, nicknamed the doomsday iglesia, the melting of it would lead to numerous flooded coastal cities. an international team of researches has now mapped the retreat of the ice giant over the centuries. the results of worrying to say the least,

the glazier is falling apart much faster than originally thought. so wait, leisure itself could contribute around 60 centimeters globally to sea level rise. the problem is in fact that weights have such a central position in the western pike. i see that it's retreat and eventually collapse could cause the whole western. i'd pick a she to collapse and that would mean more than 3 meters of sea level rise. the threats glenitia is part of the marine ice sheet. unlike some other glaze he has on dry land sweeps is grounded in the sea bed. one part called the ice shelf floats on the water and that's a problem. as a result of our greenhouse gas emissions, the water is getting warmer as a heat south, it melts the glazier from below. in a normal situation,

the ice coming down from the ice sheet is in balance with the ice last by melt. if the system is not in balance, then there's more ice melting and the grounding length is retreating inlet because of the particular geometry of the earth, weights glazed, and also the west. and i think i see it is getting deeper and deeper towards the inland areas, and that means that the whole system is prone to a so called marine ice seat instability. scientists have found that in the last 30 years, the point where the ice starts to float retreated, 14 kilometers, further inland. to put it simply, much of the ice that used to rest on land is now floating on water or has a ready melted. research is worn that we might now have reached a tipping point where large parts of the ice shelf might simply collapse. so the ice shells half of so called but drifting force. that means they're floating on the

sea, but on the sides and sometimes also in front. they are in contact with small islands or little hills on the site. and this gives some restriction, some property to break the flow of the ice. so if the eye self disappears, then this, but through sing effect will become smaller, and threads. glazer will most likely increase it. flow velocity and weights isn't the only iglesia melting. scientists estimate that by 2100 sea levels may rise by around a meter or even more said the millions of people around the world. we live in coastal areas. that's really bad. knees rising sea levels mean that they will be hit by more frequent and more extreme floods. so it's vital to take immediate action scientists say. and the only way to do that is by

reducing our greenhouse gas emissions as drastically and quickly as possible. law hurricanes, and so those are another's been of effect of warmer oceans. and warmer air data indicates that climate change is also making them longer lasting and more destructive hurricane in hit the gulf of mexico particularly hard in september 2022. the us seems especially vulnerable, louise kara, from panama, wanted to know why, why are there so many hurricanes in the usa? hurricanes are tropical cyclones. they're extreme wind speeds and heavy rains can

cause massive damage. can strike fear into the hearts of many hurricanes can reach a few 100 kilometers in diameter and rage over the same spot. for hours they form near the equator, over large bodies of water warm to 26 degrees celsius or more. only storms that develop over the atlantic or over the eastern and central pacific are called hurricanes. the hurricane season runs from june until late november. that's when large amounts of water evaporate and rise with a warm air. as the earth rotates air masses, north and south of the equator, are deflected by what's known as the cory oldest force. these masses start to spin, producing a swirling cyclone. at its center is the eye of the hurricane,

a wind and rain fries own with few clouds. when such cyclones form and tropical or sub tropical zones, they usually move in a westerly or north westerly direction. in the atlantic, this means hurricanes off and head toward the east coast of the us, where the gulf streams warm current only serves to fuel the storms. fury in 2017, a nasa satellite captured this image of 3 hurricanes, approaching the southeastern united states from space. we can now observe in great detail how hurricanes form and where they travel the path taken by all atlantic hurricanes in 2021 can be seen here. several hit the us east coast. yet the west coast escaped largely unscathed.

most hurricanes, headed west into the open ocean. southeast asia has tropical cyclops, too. though here there call typhoons a 3rd of all such storms occur. they're making it the world's most affected region. people have always long to change the course of stores or manipulate the weather in other ways in the us. the 1940s ushered in a new era of weather modification. in 1947. these men were getting ready to fly into a hurricane. ah, they were the team behind project, cirrus, a us government initiative to try to manipulate a hurricane. vincent j shanpa headed up the team in his

navarro trey, he discovered that he could modify clouds by adding dry ice. with this knowledge, his team flew 3 i croft directly into a hurricane. they dropped 36 kilos of dry ice into the stone and they reported seeing a change in the clouds. ah, the method was called cloud seating. it mimics what happens inside rain clouds. the water vapor in the air condenses to form drops with the help of tiny particles like dust or ice crystals or artificial seating agents like dry ice or salt. when the drops get you know, they rain down. the big hope is that cloud seating can bring rain to regions where

it's desperately needed in the desert state of the united arab emirates. they've been trying this for years. okay. and as mad as busy fitting his plane with an unconventional payload. 48 salt cartridges in the hope of making the clouds crying. he's a rainmaker. and today he fancies his chances. the 57 year old swede makes one last check before takeoff. he has just 3 hours to get his charge into the clouds. above the arab emirates, a challenging task. the cloud seating, noticing it, unusual for person like me because i spent most of my career trying to avoid clouds for the comfort of the passengers. where us now are fly madness certain are inside of the cloud, but just the edge soviet and it can require to turban lift off from the desert into

the clouds with hazy visibility and a temperature of 35 degrees celsius. it's a mission with an ambitious goal. water is scarce in the emirates, but consumed in abundance and glittering cities like dubai. the construction industry is booming, and every year around $800000.00 people move to the oil rich federation. despite rising temperatures and falling ground water levels curb cultivation and the emirates is becoming increasingly difficult. sellers are hummadi thought he'd try his hand at farming when he retired from his former job 5 years ago. the 63 year old now growth figs, pomegranate maze, and dates on his small plot of land on the outskirts of dubai. he which is the water from a well 300 meters deep. every year the level drops further. he can water his fruits

for a maximum of 3 hours a day. he tells us that many whither in the blazing heat and cannot be sold within sir la l hummadi often looks to a higher power for help of all of a little early pray for rain. imploring bure might provide us with water without water, a man is worth. nothing massages that are most vicious. at the national center for meteorology in abu dhabi, scientist said, trying more down to earth mouths p. o. augment our kamali, presents the current weather data to the team. and ventures of forecastle as to which clowns will appear when and where will be for with clouds are by no means rare over the emirates, but far too often. they don't bring rain with their full propeller plains. the scientist therefore shoot sodium and potassium chloride into the clouds. the salt particles bind water become heavy and rain down. interestingly,

the scientists say their activities don't lead to less rain elsewhere. they say the results from 15 years of practice are encouraging. we has done recently a study about the the enhancement of rainfall and it has turned out that the cloud seating actually in the u. e. increases the rainfall of about 23 percent on an average on best situation. it can reach up to 35 percent off in housing offering for heavy clouds, the gathering in the sky over the gulf. it's important that things now proceed more quickly. you'll augment, i'll kamali radios and does model and gives him the coordinates of a promising cumulus cloud. the pilot picks up the trail and steers towards it. timing is everything now. there's so

many things going on at the same time. you have to flutter airplane. i have to navigate the raw, the cloud, so that in time and space your in the correct glares. but you must also navigate in relation to the actual cloud formations. one command and does. marge fires full rounds slowly turning as he doesn't in the control room. the meteorologists are already looking for the next cloud that he can head full. he seats up to 20 in 3 hours. success often follows very quickly, happy moments that the whole team. i am convinced this technique works and i'm not saying that there might not be some other method that is conceived in the future, which is possibly a better method. but at the moment,

i believe in what we are doing. oh, rain is often seen as a blessing in the desert. whether phenomena have fascinated salon. uh huh. body. since he was a child, whenever he can, the farmer from dubai, films, the rain, the devout muslim, considers it legitimate that man, not allah makes it. no manila, moran doesn't forbid science. on the contrary, it's important that people find ways to invent things that are of benefit to humanity. so we ashad than file in the past. people didn't really think too much about cloud dumpster, but other than what today it's in this section what we have to look for ways to get more water. i'm john than williams. i'm a book critique, say the emory it's multi $1000000.00 seating program is unscientific and that its apparent success remains unproven. claims rejected by the head of the national meteorology center. he also points out that di saline thing, see water is many times more expensive than cloud seeding of it is success and we

encourage yeah, a lot of people will be involved with the world methodical organization. or all the in the outward of this project will be as good for them. many countries know they are to grow to approach us and get benefit of this year out of this project. and there's man climbs out of his plane exhausted, but happy he met. he fired all 40 of his cartridges successfully seating full clouds. sure, sure. today was a rainmaker. yes, i can probably say so. report to see. and as mobs, expeditions might not be able to stop climate change or resolve the lack of water, but they can at least generate a little more of that precious commodity re if i was what is read, why i gave you lately to you the science question about the space or something here,

and i then send it to us. if we answer your question on the show who sent you a little surprise as a thank you. come on to stop. that's it for this episode of tomorrow today. thanks for watching. and until next join, take curious. a with with

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ah, i have been that done. i have been beaten. i have been taken straight it because we tried to to show dirty of face or mafia all over the world. environmentalists are in danger. the enemy, ruthless corporations corrupted government agencies and criminal cartels. with all of that, then they'll decide what that would be that targeted environmentalists in danger starts october 29th on d. w o

ah ah, this is dw news life from berlin. britain gets its 3rd conservative prime minister so far this year. she still not received a rapturous welcome from her support us the former finance ministers, most pressing task, sorting out the economic chaos left by his predecessor.