his successes in a weekly coven, 19 special next on d. w. a just got easier to thought they were great with the lessons uganda learned from the corona virus pandemic approving helpful in its approach to the current a bowler outbreak. for now they still know vaccine against the virus species, but the east african nations medical professionals are better prepared.

welcome to the cove at 19 special house the about a virus different from cove at 19. we took to the erotic just wolfgang prize. what's the difference between a virus strain and a virus variant? but we start the sho in germany where the latest cove at 19 barian sa, causing a fresh spike infection rates, and adaptive vaccine targeting on the chronic now available. and one doctor in berlin is being kept very busy here and berlin's nie cone district. patients have come to the doctor to get a booster shot. since the start of the pandemic, they've been flocking to g. p. sybil cuts inch times practice to get tested and vaccinated in the early days, the doctor's office was overrun. but now things have come down. for

susan's jo is a quick we make a point of reaching out to patients who are vulnerable and also testing to see if someone has a pre existing condition. and then we offer them pack fluid, otoh, elderly patients to them. but it's a completely different situation compared to last winter, at least in my practice and lesson been cover. dr. constantly dying has vaccinated about 20000 people in her practice. at the moment, the elderly and people with underlying conditions are keen to get boosters and flu shots. but she believes that as winter approaches the situation calls 1st and foremost for the right information mentioned here on to people who are vulnerable need to protect themselves as if i were mosque at work to protect my patients and my staff. a few men, i'm not sure if government efforts are working, trust me. i'm not sure it helps to re introduce compulsory massive measures and doles every winter. yeah. it's me that she isn't, couldn't, doesn't, in one mustn't talking about,

listen is from this one. it makes sense and the health sector in hospitals and doctors and physiotherapy practices, but i don't think the authorities should dictate our every move. so dear again, how to finish relisted. in germany's inner cities, most public health and safety measures have been dropped. but authorities are mulling a re introduction of restrictions such as mandatory masks indoors. most people are taking a relaxed approach and more or less stick to the current rules. middle of i loan, monkish murder. i'm not worried these thousands hold on. i just keep to the rules, try to protect myself. it's been, i'm vaccinated. we're happy to have the chance. i used to be really worried about going shopping. i, it's my 1st us and, but now i feel pretty safe and i trust that people are protecting themselves and sticking to the rules. oh, did i assume the hired as a coronado even got some recently before i'm kind of worried. we're not out of the woods yet. oh, so it's been 2 years. this is the 3rd winter i and it seems like we haven't learned

anything shine, so it's open. it's 100 on tom. politicians are now discussing re introducing safety measures to ensure the health care system doesn't get overwhelmed. the number of home patients in icey use is currently stable. but as the 3rd, coven winter approaches, hospital staff are feeling the stress. and they're struggling with high infection rates. found god and he lives in the last few weeks. infection rates have gone up among the general public and among doctors and nurse maps. and this puts additional pressure on the system and we've had to reduce the number of available beds because so many are off sick, both in the short term and the long term for the higher energy costs are putting hospitals under further pressure, making it all the more important to avoid another covert wave this winter patients admitted with omi, grow,

and tend to have mild cases and are treated on normal wards. but staff shortages mean that some hospitals are already postponing non emergency surgery. so i'm not going to all of it in no trouble. we have to keep up with emergency operations and emergency care list on the tumor on the clock. we have a duty to do so, and we are doing that looking at the old school to anger anger, but we're putting off certain procedures as well, so long as it's safe to do so for the patient and so on with the german health care system is understaffed over stress and an urgent need of reform. this applies to clinics as well as doctors offices. sybil concentrate, i would like to see some big changes as a master's leading. don't make life harder for health care workers than it needs to be as much bureaucracy. and the system is to hierarchical and

you've got too much jobs in health can need to be made more attractive life people are going to do them. muffin, choppy, the attractive, and come up loiter. rising infection rates are just one of many challenges facing germany's health care system this fall in the northern hemisphere that, that covered winter is approaching. let's take a look back at how the global pandemic and funding the 1st year of the pandemic was about unprecedented changes. st. emptied more or less over night. countries all over the world closed borders and locked down. masking up became compulsory. there were no vaccines, and because health care professionals had little experience with the disease catching, it was a terrifying proposition. as the 1st vaccines were rolled out at the end of that

1st pandemic year, around $90000000.00 cases of coven 19 had been reported. world lied since then over 7 times that number of people had tested positive for the disease. at experts estimate, there's been many, many more unconfirmed cases at the peak of the amok on variance surge last january. the highest number of cases in the pandemic. so far, over 20000000 people worldwide were testing positive for the disease. every week. throughout the pandemic, deaths world wide, unsurprisingly, have reflected infection world wide. a series of waves struck the planet, though different countries suffer differently at different times. a retrospective reveals at least one detectable pattern. it was as simple and devastating equation when the number of cases rose and fell in

a new wave. the number of deaths followed a couple of weeks later. the deadliest waves so far, piqued and early 2021. when in one terrible week over a 100000, people died worldwide. but the equation is change somewhat since the massive on the conway. currently this year, large numbers of people are still getting sick, but on average, fewer are dying. the changing relationship between case rates and death tolls is at least in part due to another factor wide spread vaccination so far over 12 and a half 1000000 doses of vaccines have gone into arms all over the world, significant percentages of populations in the americas europe. and asia are now fully vaccinated, though there's still a lot to do in africa. the biggest vaccination drive in history is not all on

its own. been enough to stop the continued spread, coven 19. but coupled with the immunity induced and many people through wide scale exposure, experts say it's brought the day when we declared the pandemic at an end, a lot nearer and save tens of millions of lives. oh, do you have any questions about kind of 19 a science corresponding derek williams is always up to date with the latest findings and is here to answer them to send your questions to cov, it produce at d, w dot com this week. yonce is the question, what's the difference between a strain and a variant? oh, this is one of those questions that i get asked pretty frequently because for the general public, the term strain and variance are often seen as synonyms and,

and even some experts seem to sometimes use them interchangeably. so let's start with some background. all viruses evolve over time, which means their genetic code changes during replication. as mutations occur in source, go be to those mutations happen fairly frequently compared to some other viruses. we call these mutated viruses variance because they're different genetically and, and sometimes also structurally from their ancestors. but, but those changes, and this is important. they don't necessarily cause a very hint to behave in really new ways. when those genetic changes lead to new properties and a virus however, like it begins infecting cells differently, or it becomes much, much more transmissible than that's when many experts began talking about new

viral strains instead of variance. so, strains are always variance, but, but variance aren't always considered strains. unfortunately, though, there's this kind of muddy place in the middle, which is that naming viruses strains or variance basically boils down to how differently they behave compared to their ancestors. a subjective judgment, or maybe it's easiest to take an example from the macro girl to explain it though, it's just a rough approximation. um let's look for a 2nd at dogs. different breeds can be really, really different in terms of their size and their shape. and the color of their fur and, and their temperament. but they all have something that i would like to call intrinsic

li doggy. they're all variations on a common doggy ness. and if dog breeds were viruses, then we would call them variance of dogs. now let's compare dogs to their close evolutionary relatives, wolves. now here, the behaviors and characteristics really clearly delineate one canine from the other. walking us and dogging us are so different that if they do require asses, we call them different strains. they're clearly related. but they not only look different, they behave really differently to, um, it's not a perfect metaphor, may be, but may be a useful one. ah, this sudan, if thy la virus has been spreading rapidly in uganda in the last few weeks. there are still no approved vaccines against this particular virus species. but thanks to

experience game during the covered 19 pandemic, the process of identifying and isolating cases is now more efficient than in previous outbreaks. i re put a julie asthma gamboa visited the village of my did in with the virus 1st said a grieving father and husband, monaco sim, powell has lost his son and his wife to ebola health workers and closely monitoring his family. little damage like excavated up by the name of them. they said that we must be under surveillance for at least $21.00 days a while. and i often check our temperatures mozilla. you that i korean has since passed. my, you know, it was on a little uganda sense that its health care system is prepared to cope with ebola central uganda. mo bendy hospital reported the 1st confirmed case of a bowler at the end of september,

dr. say that systems set up to fight covey. 19 can also be applied to ebola we have not had any idea experience in handling such epidemics of this level in the country. so it is also valesa time, the work of the immigration of community exclusively experienced with that kind of experience have been blown over to this. well, you have seen the response this time of but no. government much much fussed. when cove at 19 broke out uganda formed a special task force to advise the government that emergency team has now been re deployed to find a bola right. we have the sim instead commander who was ah, heading are covered is though i'm heading a bowler with avi scientific advisory committee. i'm part of love that committee.

we have a steering committee. we are not pillar. we have case management. peter, we have surveillance peeler. we have all these pillars under our emergency response . so these are helping and they're the ones, those are useful covered now are being used for a bowler before cove at 19 uganda had only one laboratory that analyzed viruses. the government felt compelled to obtain more diagnostic equipment to deal with cove 19. now the laboratory examines abolla samples on site. it is to take longer even days, weeks. i did that was a problem before you intervene. but now quickly we have the labs. you can easily our quickly get the results and intervene for test takes about 5 hours. the moment the sample arrives in the lab takes 5 hours, but because we need to confirm every sample that is positive will confirm it. and it may take 1210 to 12 hours to find that is there is that

the people of uganda also appeared to be more responsive since the coven 19 pandemic. uganda began local production of medical essentials like protective gear to support health care measures such as hand washing are also widespread in the fight against the bola. let's help. i don't shit hardy. i don't hug and i keep washing myself my cookies. specifically, chris will go hygiene like wash your hands, washing the body, the mazda of prevention. hello. i think it is almost the same. doing good we. we were asked to put on musk. that's why even when i'm communicating out my own musk, some challenges that arose during the coven 19 pandemic remain during the bona

outbreak. for instance, many frontline health workers still feel underpaid, minister of health, as not provided a clear composition blood for the health was. why did he get it and risking their lives? i didn't want lane in this tough but again as a bullet emerging. ah, virus. it is is with a high for tell you to it. we remember we lost over 64, north walkers, during covey. 19 no one ever composited. the 1st bullet hayes was reported on september 20th in my due to, within weeks, the virus spread to a 200 kilometer radius of the village. even so the ugandan government is confident that it can stop the bowler from spreading further. even without imposing travel restrictions, me travel restrictions hit, your gun does economy hard. that's why the country's government it hoping to avoid

a renewed ban on non essential travel at all cost. so far it looks like such drastic measures will be necessary. if bona might be deadly as uncovered, but it appears to be less infection. ah, how come it hasn't ever spread around the world like it? $900.00 dw reporter piece finds out from south african verola just bulls gun prizes. ah, how concerned are you about the situation and you've got difficult to tell these outbreaks day start slowly and then 11 has to really watch what, what's happening in which direction they are moving. what we hear currently is that even uganda, which is a country with a lot of experience that has done very well in the past with, with outbreaks of this kind is sort of struggling to contain it. so hopefully we'll

see the, the bending off of the curve which so far is increasing with victim measures having been implemented. now, i've been holding my breath, and so we will, i think the next few weeks will tell us how big it is going to get. can you find out a little bit what's in the body? so it is, it's one of the so cultural rhetoric, fevers saw the face with massive bleeding, often after a little injuries and injection for example, but also from, from the natural orifices. and that happens because the virus interferes with the liver that produces the clotting factors to help our blood clot. but also the cells lining the vessels get damaged by the volume fiction and then the base of leak out blood. and the trusting is that this blood is very infectious. people carry a lot of virus in their blood and therefore, and this is how a transmission usually happens that, you know,

bleeding starts and then others can rush to help and in the process, infect themselves. if you compare this just jessica, which was really a respiratory tract infection, we know it also has effects on amongst or that the clotting system in a different way. it leads to more rather than less clotting. but primarily it's in the friction of the respiratory tract, starting in the, in the upper respiratory tract, that's basically the back of your nose and throat. and in severe cases, obviously also going all the way down to effect the lung. and that is, is, you know, it's, of course, it's much less deadly than a boiler. mortality rate is a lot less than that. but the treacherous thing is that you can fix it with a soft copy to the coroner of hours without showing any signs of illness. so you can feel perfectly well, but you are infected and maybe passing it on. if you're talking about transmission of the d. b compared, you will need to go back to maybe just make clear once again,

it is much more difficult, right? to transmit. even from one human being to another than talk over to. yes, that's absolutely right. sitting next to somebody would not transmit the picture, but it would of course, with, with the coroner virus. so for, if you really have to be exposed to the body fluids of the patient, better. oh, in columbia, one teacher went well beyond the coolest beauty to bring books to children during the pandemic. louis louisiana took a mobile library to remote corners of the country, travelling by donkey, who's riding his donkey. alpha. louise soriano is in his way to today's appointment at the d. v. no. nino elementary school in the department of magdalena, in columbia. the teacher has loaded his faithful companion with books from

his library. he believes that delivering books to school children is an effective way of fighting social inequality. rolling columbia were education in columbia, in bad shape, needs more support from the state for teachers. and really that didn't really that in the burrow was born out of sheer necessity. going to teachers like resources, especially here in the department of magdalena, which is one of the most disadvantaged in the country. and it was just a little bit of my nephew and we need to combat ignorance through reading. but i think what is going to help the future population is reading the food is luis sariana continued to bring his books to the region. even during the pandemic, defying the restrictions on movement that were put in place to help stop the spread of coverage. he refused to put his mission on hold

but little bit. so now it was a challenge because my family thought i was putting myself at risk. at one point i was detained by the police because i should have been on the street. but knowing the loneliness that exists in the countryside, i felt that moral duty that i could send you enough to keep being able to deliver his books and avoid spreading. covered, he used old farmyard cages as mailboxes. he called his plan, catch a read the fella when we started catch a read, the kids got the cages and waited impatiently for me to come by. god, i told them that they could only take the book out of the cage after an hour, but they couldn't wait that long. they went and got an after only 5 minutes. thank god, nothing happened. and i'm sure they were always hoping to actually meet again. in columbia's remote municipalities, books are simply too expensive for people to buy the few books that reached the

fierce hands have all been brought here by louis soriano. oh oh. oh no. another of his regulus is louis fernando. he's the 1st in his family to learn to read. he asked for books with pictures so that his parents could follow what he was reading from bright, simple, mid, how sad you are. he always makes you smile with his books. i always motivated as to read other kids has started reading now too. but whenever he comes to our house, we have something to read on him on ebay book on liliana, but also for teachers in the region. the b, b o. bureau visits both during and after the pandemic have been the best way to ensure their students stay motivated and keep discovering new books. a little can open enrollment for people who the books we get from school are

the only books we have seen of when we read a book, it motivates us to read a new one, no more the valet or their own oil. but if we just have the same ones as last year, the kids already know them and these are them so well, then, we don't even have internet. here they have a knack on louis soriano, has also built a public library for the school children and their neighbors when i don't be re, persona in d. c. beverly oberon goes to places that tend to be neglected to see where people are forgotten. because these are people who deserve respect them, who need to be helped, and whose imaginations are to be nurtured. i mean, you said you are smart enough. feel. luis soriano is almost like

a character out of a gabriel garcia, marquez snellville, a man who takes books to remote corners of columbia by donkey and not even a pandemic can stop him. oh that was this week's covered 19 special until next time. good bye. ah with

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