new yorkers, that's when it begins to really look a lot like christmas. and it's all the news at this hour, but stay tuned. coming up next is a d w documentary. and how people in europe are dealing with climate change by changing the relationship with nature. and don't forget our website where you can find all the latest news that's d, w dot com. and of course, you can follow us on social media where our hash tag or rather our handle is at the w news. i'm aaron chilton, berlin, thanks for joining us. our interest in the global economy. our portfolio d w. business. beyond here, the closer look at the project,

our mission to analyze the flight for market dominance. get a step ahead with the w business beyond literally 90, but the human kind does not very resilient where easy to kill the cutter throats and it's all over. yeah, not a tree. you can cut in half, and that'll still survive. shall body tree. mother fall belong at a fin. this not good enough. my goal is to preserve nature. that's. that's the great thing about our professionals, that we can do that with our residential care staff or can assure high click authentic so low. it that he thought eeoc his time was beginning to this whole area is transforming into a natural ecosystem or color with must not to rather one titian von inhabited areas . that fire diversity are not mutually exclusive. but this cannot and should not be

left to chat for the laughter. it's an iconic spaces, only if we can really save species like this. then we can, we can do anything ah ah, from the arctic north to the mediterranean south europe landscapes are incredibly diverse. but in recent decades, industrialization has done enormous damage to this diversity. what is needed to revitalize it? for most of our existence, human kind managed to harness nature without destroying it. many classic european landscapes are in fact a result of human activities. what can be done to establish a new harmony between human kind and nature?

aah . in europe, forests or places people go to relax to hike, to explore. but they also have a more practical function here in the hearts mountains. mining has been underway for centuries. the forests have also long been exploited for profit, but it's only in the last few years that they're starting to look the worse for where i've been so slight 1030. not tonight. parker and i have called, i think working in the national conference 2012. when i 1st arrived, it was completely green. when there's a showing yada gateway on the line, b schnell dusky. it's incredible how fast it can change,

and how uncompromising nature can be sure. it's hard to deal with lunch. we gain a veteran forester. sabina bowling has witnessed the catastrophic impact of development in the hearts mountains 1st hand that com slice huck torn some some. i muddy ost of oak. a sheepdog always goes with the young fish, but i understand what you factors have come together. this is on the one hand, there are the spruce trees that have been planted here over time. and then on the other is that climate change shaped hello bruce is a species that needs a balanced, cologne and humidity climate. java. and that's exactly what we haven't had over the last few years. it's it of a high temperature as the star lack of a water, strong sunlight and all so high windows are uniform. there's a lot of evaporation on. the spruce is dry out washed the that makes them fragile, and easy targets for bark beetle visited balkan k for b. if the trees don't get enough water, they can become vulnerable to inserts. he bought land,

beetles come along and identify a perfect breeding space. if this bruce doesn't fight back to the beatles emit vermillion center trapped all their friends, the females drill tunnels in the bark where they lay their eggs. and then the trees do down to chung kind of shrugs smell. but the state of the forest can't be blamed solely on climate change. mismanagement is another contributing factor for forests all across europe. you are the fish that is now spruce is the tree that promises the best he can make return to harbor. it might be like the market, it's looking for. if you invest in fruit, if you don't have a high yield, i'm good profit. course not only so long as nothing goes wrong in the fine. it's like in light, steven leave him thousands of square kilometers. a forest across europe are dying for the same reasons as they are at hearts. and the continents landscapes are

changing radically as a result that might not sound too alarming. after all, central europe has more force to day than in the 17th century. but that's because the 18th century saw mass of reforestation efforts, fast growing and lucrative spruce was the favorite species, and was often planted in mano cultures. as well as in places where it would never grow naturally. this map shows how popular spruce still is. it's one of the most important commercial trees in europe. despite its vulnerability. climate change and pets might be causing havoc to spruce forests. but new forests are now emerging that are more diverse and more resilient. the almost not to not quite close to shadows on the lp here in the national park. we're in a position to say, okay,

and we'll just leave it there. uh huh. of course, that's impossible. in the commercial sector where their goals are different ultima truly areas like these initially look alarming. if it looks like there's nothing here for boy. but in fact there's a whole new forest quietly growing up around us. but we'll start to see it in 2 or 3 years when you're interested. i learned a completely different forest is emerging than the one when you before missed plan of just they're not as old. yes, but structurally rich and a type of forest that will be more resilient to climate influences my own flu. so the national park shows how it can be done. the sick forest is simply left to its own devices. while a new generation of trees grow. the assumption is that nature will find its own ways of adapting in ghana soon his days, we think in terms of generations, lex thereon. no quick fixes with nature. nature will go its own ways and find its

own solution. safe to say nothing will ever be the same again, also signed be swallowed often dish. oh what does that mean for the future? what effects will these altered landscapes have climate change is dramatically transforming our environment and not just in europe. we are the 1st generation able to identify such changes in nature in time to react all the necessary tools are available like the satellites that monitor europe, day and night and transmit the data to the copernicus, emergency management service in italy. this was founded to detect hazards as early as possible, and prevent worst case scenarios you can. yet, we're still often unprepared when disaster strikes,

as it did in the summer of 2021. me i here in the out, the consequences of global warming are impossible to overlook. temperatures are rising here especially fast and the glaciers are melting as a result. listen to we're up here at 4 and a half 1000 meters on the colony. 30 glazier in the monte. rosa massif along the border between italy in switzerland. doctor mortgage macowski is working to collect ice memory. the information stored in glaciers that's lost when they melt. the

emotionally yet, so i eyes kind of gone through this ice memory project. we want to drill to ice cause here for the ice memory project, just land please. hi. alpine lacey as their archives. that can teach us about climate development in the past. and also about manmade pollution. these are the idea is to collect these valuable archives, stored in alpine glaciers from the ice cores and take them to a safe place where they cannot be damaged by melting service. that safe place is antarctic, harvest the other actors on dom that notion. good. and are we want to make that material available to future generations of researches for through bookstore and santiago, the continent 20 years or so? you will be able to drill. an ice caps still contains the information that it does today. in some studies indicate that by 2100,

the glaciers in the alps will be gone. if this is true, it puts the earth water balance at risk. so far, the apps have been a kind of water reservoir. they make up only 1.9 percent of europe, surface area, but supply water to more than 160000000 people. if the opt lose, their glaciers, europe loses a vital source of drinking water. it would also be a disaster for agriculture. ah, climate change is altering the continent dramatically in the process revealing how human kind and nature are inextricably linked. there needs to be fast for reaching decisions made in the political space and with technology. otherwise, human kinds destructive way of life will not change in time.

a number of small scale projects in europe are already on the case groups, institutions, individuals, all united in the struggle to preserve the natural environment such as the typhoon project in lumniss and greece through almost under gifford, there have been different areas in the history of mankind he to lead the stone in the iron age, the bronze age. today we could say we're living in the plastic age or he to plastic or every summer. a boat is chartered for volunteers to help clean up the greek coastline. the project funded by a greek philanthropist, is one of the largest of its kind in europe. i ought the pharmacy man approaches the threat. he thought was accepted. the medical no, no. but the typhoon is a project that runs $365.00 days a year. oh my god,

we're still fine tuning 1818 months, and we still only in the pilot stage. we still learning and adjusting was on the original aim was to clean up 50 meters of show line. then we decided to extend it to a $150.00 met. have of us coming up on missed i got the window may that i did the rest of the guy days got the situation has gotten worse in the last 10 years like this as if every minute we were dumping the contents of a garbage truck into the sea, the scale is massive. it came again that austria around $33.00 kilos of plastic packaging, waste per citizen, per year are generated in the u. that's in comparison to 28 kilos 10 years ago. and unfortunately, it doesn't always end up in the trash is that i see id plenty of it. is it the horn a marine pollution affects our country and others in many different ways. if it,

as it got the housekeeper with music than the 1st of all, it ruined the landscape. you see that every time you go to the beach to take a walk or have a swim epidemiology thing, he hasn't got the. it affects the health of local residents. isn't it? because it doesn't stay on a b legible. f dash on my computer. it was against about aaliyah can't beat as it also contaminants, water the food on her plates donate. even fish now contain plastic particles together preparing among glass. the goal was to form as the typhoon project works together with scientists, and helps them advance their research into marine pollution. be it. coastal or deep sea pollution or gift is the we thought is fossa. every come. we found pieces of junk with bar codes from russia, nausea, and from turkey, up with the bod, ward's mother, given that both the mc authority, the bar codes allow us to determine the origin, country date and factory where the rubbish comes from them. we can compile

a database and analyze our findings, dilemma, but of modern but when we're working in collaboration with the volunteers, scientists have managed to stimulate the circulation of plastic in the mediterranean. this animation shows why the problem requires an international solution. the problem almost, even though given the problem is it's not enough to pick up the rubbish show. when i'm, if done, we need to ensure that no more garbage ends up in the environment by taking action to avert and stop the constant flow of waste into r c has made enough. the solar sandwiches could be yeah. under pressure from the general public researchers and activists, the european union band, many single used plastic products and 2021. the hope is that eventually plastic

plates, cups and straws will be banished from everyday life. what the continent suffers from many other ecological abuses as well. many landscapes these days are increasingly devoid of bird song and the buzzing of insects. nature has become troubling. lay silent. what's happened for thousands of years. human kind has coexisted comfortably with nature. farming activity even contributed to local biodiversity. but once intensive agriculture, which relies heavily on pesticides took over plants and animals began to die out. and their disappearance is now accelerating and a dramatic rate. today,

40 percent of infect species worldwide are at risk. and around 15 percent of bird species, native to europe, are in danger of extinction. ah, the decline and insect populations is a cause of great concern. in 2019 the popular saved the bees initiative and bavaria forced the local government to take radical steps to promote biodiversity. this demonstrates that citizens can act to protect nature and are doing so across europe . been unusual experiment is underway in the south of england. rather than protect what already exists to scientists are attempting to reverse the

process. it seems utopian, but the results speak for themselves. the large blue butterfly became extinct. people were absolutely horrified that you could no longer see it in this country anywhere. and nobody could really understand why i lived with the last colony for 6 years measuring almost every thing. and alas, it was just too late to save it. jeremy thomas and david sim cox are to entomologists who became famous for having successfully reintroduced a rare species of butterfly. the large blue. it was no easy task. after years of tireless detective work, jeremy thomas discovered that the butterfly depends on a very specific species of and without it it cannot reproduce. and the species of ant itself needs a very specific natural environment. this is a very much

a heat loving end, and ground temperature is actually determined by the height of this, of the graph. so the total of the grass grows the cool of the ground gates. and once that happens, lucas of the late fee is replaced by other species of bread, and this is why the bus light became extinct as a result of modern farming practices. cows disappeared from the meadows, upsetting the prevailing natural balance. the grass grew, the ants were driven out and the large blue disappeared. it went extinct in 1979. but almost immediately, we took the decision that we would try to re introduce it. because we thought we understood what it needed in this country at last. the 1st step was to restore the grassland to its former state,

jeremy and david convinced livestock farmers to allow their cows to graze there again. only this specific interaction between humans, ruminants and grass lands, could restore the butterflies habitat once that had been done and once the site's had recovered, we set about finding a suitable source of large blaze to see if we really had recreated the habitat and to release them in britain, i was really fortunate to wind up on an island off the east coast to sweden port o land, where are actually found large blues. i had one of those moments that you only have once or twice in your life, arriving there late in the evening. and the 1st thing that happened was a lot blue landed at my feet. i'm. it still gives, she was at my spot, thinking about it now. oh dismissal. i'm

here. i was able to find eggs and we were able to bring eggs back to do our 1st trial introduction. that was really very, very groundbreaking. this meticulous and pioneering work took decades and in the end, they achieve their goal, the return of the large blue historically, the lodge blue used to occur in the back 6 different regions in the u. k. and we've now got it established into repose. we could also show that maintaining li sites in a suitable condition of the large blue benefited. many of the species we didn't have to sit and objectively watch these things declining. we could actually do something by actors. it's iconic spaces early. if we can

really say you've species like this, then we can, we can do anything they are achievement demonstrates that human intervention can be constructive what their work also lays bare at the complexity of the process and the need to act before a species disappears. this is why over the last few decades, europe has been giving sanctuary status to certain areas in order to preserve their biodiversity. europe is home to numerous nature reserves, not 2 or a 2000. and the emerald network form the largest coordinated network of protected areas in the world. their main objective is to protect on across national basis,

the most endangered plant and animal species in europe. today this network represents 18 percent of the continent land territory and 8 percent of its maritime territory. one of the most valuable nature reserves is in the varden c. in this coastal landscape, located in the netherlands, germany and denmark. human activity is reduced to a strict minimum. this sewn has always been a haven and an important resting area for migratory birds. so time i click the skakel, the devil to say with the aid of ill tribute, the length of that and see to the entire world, which is something that's developed over thousands of years. it's an incredibly important link in the world wide ecosystems that these birds are a parcel even every year in the spring after wintering in africa,

the birds fly off to nest in the north. a 10000 kilometer flight with a vod and c marking the halfway point here, up to 15000000, migrating birds can rest before continuing on their way to siberia. it's also a stop over point on their return journey. in the fall the area is closely studied by scientists. among them ornithologist ab hobbins mother fall belong and i think this was most important to me is conserving nature is not that's really what drives me here about why i chose this job. even small changes can have a big effect on things. there's a lot when allure is past, protecting a certain area, you immediately see a lot more species that work design and all that. so it's really great about our professionals fucked up by that. our research can make that happen, therefore can assure high flic of 8 of the fin,

the little apple industry. this is it that we're trying to find some birds that we've already tagged. and we log all the data said that we know where they are. we can then use the data to track where they are and do all sorts of other analysis and research. for example, we want to find out what they've been asynchronous in of often our little mayor, born just thought of. i love building by the ball to say is an inter could they could be the small, dark robert? the varden c is an into title area lab. there are various different mudflats which are under water at high tide and dry at low tide. filica, and this is happening constantly so caught up all the birds followed the water line . i think so as soon as the mud flaps become accessible, the birds go there in search of food. i ain because that's where they can find the best of freshest things to east recycling music renovated. ah. the vaughan sea is almost completely protected. yet it's not immune to the effects

of global warming on sea levels. since the beginning of the 20th century, sea levels have increased more and more each year. what exactly does this mean for life here? with us a is an dynamics that and see is a dynamic and tremendously resilient system of energy. and it's quite good at adjusting the site because the amount of time it's under water can change daily. the temperature swings in these small systems can be massive. and all the animals in that system can adjust well to that of so in that sense, the vitamin c is very robust, hook, protecting nature means preserving its resilience. this applies to coast lights and other bio tops to pete box like those of the old fine region in belgium are a very special habitat, the acidity and the soil gives rise to

a fascinating flora. including carnivorous plants. ah the oat fine, you have been protected since 1957. and with good reason, the pete bogs decomposed plant remains trapping their carbon in the soil. they are thus able to store 10 times more c o 2 than any other ecosystem. peterson's cover only 3 percent of the earth's surface, but they store at least twice as much c o. 2, as all the forests on the planet combined. for far too long marshes have been drained and turned into farmland. but to day many regions of europe are seeking to restore them, including in germany, ah, but many bogs still remain unprotected. in lithuania,

pete is still used for heating and generating electricity which triggers the release of the massive amounts of carbon dioxide stored inside your. it's primary forests are a unique heritage and yet measures to protect them have failed miserably. these virgin forests, the oldest on the continent, most a wealth of liter species, and unparalleled biodiversity. their value is immeasurable, and yet they are in danger of disappearing. according to recent studies, only a few isolated primary forests are left in europe. and even these are under threat, one of them is in romania, forgot osh mountains region under the chow chesko dictatorship. it

was largely out of bounds for the public obama with thought of this report than we thought that i had the opportunity to see the hunting reservations created, especially for chow chad school. the felt little josh is good and people were afraid to hunt that will do enough. apparently. there was little deforestation yet all there was actually a way of protecting natural areas knocked over to me. that's why some of them still exist. fidela my show of em aqua to day the forest is protected by rangers like me, high chic and his assistant musical whom he knows everything. the very special place. the trees are so oppressive. you almost want to hug them. i'll protect you as much as i can

on cassandra. so what i'm you know this of course maybe i'm wrong. she was at the atmosphere. the smell and the humidity seemed to have changed in an old growth forest. the air is different. there is more humidity. these trees retain a lot of water. i stem them with arbour. the other cherry of those abuses, those emboldened throw pollute enough at all, is thicker. this the tree is a symbol for the natural florida. it has had a rough time gotta, i think it is 300 years old for a while ago. it might stand for another 20 to 30 years, but in time going, it will rot from the inside of her. just that the weight of its huge crown will get too heavy and it will collapse. lancer the forest is a complete ecosystem fully intact, and it has great scientific value and it serves as a useful model auto modesty and see figure. she come model in

theory, romania, primary forests are protected. but in reality, illegal logging is taking its toll. in 2000 to romania still had 200000 hector's of primary forest. to day, there are only 70000 left but whenever lou camacho causes given the rate at which primary forest areas have been decreasing between 2002 and today, the threats are real gotta rule more than 10000 head. it is a forest were illegally logged in that far garage mountains. so this should never have happened. we 6 not liked it and not in europe. she nor nora. oh, me hi chic and his colleagues are armed for good reason. in recent years, several rangers have been killed by poachers and increased awareness of the

invaluable importance of primary forests means their defense is no longer left to researchers and activists. the entire local population is now mobilized. but protecting nature, by keeping people away from it isn't a long term solution. targeted protection can restore the natural balance sometimes within just a few years. the mediterranean fish dogs have dwindled alarmingly since the advent of mass tourism and industrial fishing. here in the bay of los gondola, of corsica, marine life had all but disappeared 30 years ago. but since then, it has become a protected nature reserve and home to an array of biodiversity.

jermel he domenici is in charge of the scandal in nature. reserve was almost yep, i started diving and protected maritime area of scandal. and then i started diving outside to reserve and i saw that it was basically a does this. yeah, he and his team are doing their annual inventory of aquatic on ah, she shit. and there is incredible by diversity in the protected areas. it's an incredible treasure and indispensable. there's an abundance of practically all these, especially bigger fish with reproduction, right? many times higher than smaller fish. and then let's just say, like a month i saw that the strength of scandal is that regulation is adapted to the management of habitat species. and that the regulation is followed. it needs to be

more than just the law when regulation is respected and specific goals for its management of followed nature is gone. we will create environmental assets that development. reserve. national talks are very strong economic drive and they can have a positive effect on the local or even national level. see not shown that today, fishermen under natural benefits, it results in greater fish which go beyond the borders of the reserve. 61 fishermen understand that they've understood everything yet to complete mankind's relationship to its natural surroundings is complex. in europe, in particular, many economies and activities are so closely linked to the environment that the line between human and nature often blurs me. ah, but what happens to these biotech when left to their own devices?

this can be seen in a studio, us in northern spain. this thomas in momento year last year, whom i know that we're seeing that the human activity underway and the last 23 or 4000 years on this land is disappearing for a center. so this entire territory will continue to evolve into a more natural ecosystem. she stammer color, it must not vast regions of europe have been deserted by their inhabitants by 2100. spain could lose half its population. ah, when humans move away, flora and fauna retake the land. this development has been observed by natural scientists, roberto after sanchez meets our hauling in 1000. yes. my work in these mountains

is to find out how nature work. it's thomas. my 2nd us come at us. we're very close now to cameras positions here that allow us to monitor things weekly. some possibly, it's quite likely that some bears are wondering around somewhere right now london, because most have never had a sources. when we began, there were only 30 bears here, was possibly over $300.00 in the area we work and it's the fastest growing population in europe. is that christian going to i get them was we did is i did anymore so, so we have vultures. there's also a few wolves excited to learn so much by our diversity throughout the entire region of a serious about believe it. the other is not part of the government and thought that he thought

hm. a keep it must almost hoping based on being up with her, we can see a young bear digging into blueberry bushes. august i must be, and here is a female bear with her cubs digging up an until looking for unto larvae to eat both from the last lot about the us army us. but i only meant that today. yes, d populated areas revert to a form of wilderness elsewhere. however, the opposite is underway. me with wild animals venturing into the big cities driven out of the countryside by the intensification of agriculture. they take refuge in

urban areas and in search of food and shelter. in some neighborhoods there is more bio diversity than even in rural areas. ah ah, scientists are able to reconstruct animal migrations using gps trackers. the data shows that hedgehogs, raccoons and bats tend to stick to one area. while wild boars and foxes travel long distances within the urban biotech, ah, the more varied the cities foreigner,

the more predators that attract in 2020 a wolf was even spotted roaming the german capital. this calls into question the division between the natural world and the civilized world. but wasn't that decided a long time ago? you shouldn't warn of home with beauty. this is inhabited areas and bio diversity are not mutually exclusive. this cannot and should not be met to chance when it needs to be plans me to plan. and this requires close cooperation between biology and ecologists, landscape planners and architect plan. and when i take the and i take move, mindy thomas house is a landscape architect. he and his team have developed a new approach to urban planning in an attempt to boost biodiversity in urban spaces via hm the me to the animal 8 at the so we have developed the animal aided

design method. this is a planning method with the aim of integrating wildlife into urban planning here into landscape architecture and open space planning. i don't planning to interclean this. animal assisted design is used in planning in berlin, munich, and london. the concept is evidence of a wider rethink that is now underway. european civilization has developed by pitting human kind against nature. but humans and nature are a part of the same indivisible entity. in france, biologist, paul cecily, has lodged another bold project. johan horner, came back to europe after working in the tropics and realized there are no longer any primary forests in europe. and i thought that this was scandalous. my plan is to provide them here in western europe on ogden list. ollie's objective is hugely

ambitious to create a 70000 hector sanctuary of forest straggling several countries right in the center of europe, leaving the area abandoned for several centuries until a new primary forest develops mushroom bacteria, suki bows, coolie shoals ramos bell. i believe that the really beautiful, important, and lasting things in life take time to put me keep, make that a person to lay the 1st stones of a cathedral, knew that they would never see the end result. so you can see that this tree is shaped like a spiral. it's only a matter of time. think is shoot don't. but you can't rush a project that will last several centuries quite. she beat the not long ago alleys project would have been met with skepticism. but today, the response is overwhelmingly positive, even in brussels. that european union has launched

a program to plant 3000000000 trees by 2030. so it could soon be implemented to that. i think it's definitely won't be out of bound to the public on the day before people sometimes say, but it will be a century deep. i don't like these terms. leave. this is to not only be allowed to encourage the one condition. however, many people respect what surrounds them on to them . in europe, nature has always been used and then shaped in the process, which in turn shaped those that live there. if harmony is ever to be found, a new approach is needed, one based on respect knowledge and a fair approach. me finding that path forward will not be easy. ah

ah ah ah ah ah. she's never cared for conventions, south african breakdancer. courtney, paul a female in this base. it gets tricky. the system wasn't set up for me anyway, so because people are saying he'll put through a door,

which is why the made with you in mind. so keep an eye out in 2024. she plans to shake up the olympics at re max in 30 minutes on d. w with sometimes i t t. the highlights for shipping books and free week, not the not a real natural spectacle in an improved world. a whale sharks, a remote island, a testament to the quality of the waters. one of the many success stories from

a bastion of biodiversity say don't starts november 18th on d, w ah, this is d w. news line from berlin. explosion rocks are crowded. pedestrian area in the heart of a symbol. at least 6 are dead and dozens are wounded. turkish president recham type, everyone calls it heinous attack involves to punish the bombers. we'll get the latest lie from our course.