success stories from a bastion of biodiversity news in 2 hours on d. w. making raring to read. if there is any erotic offended between them, you'd have to find it between the lines. he w literature. 100 german must reads. ah, ah ah, how was it possible that the whole of the german musical profession and

establishment turned overnight into nazi collaborators? 4th thing that i thought spangler gave us 1st class performance is that are still admired today. building. oh ok, cool. and it was a folks that then for all, far gone down in auschwitz, 1 may have half the vienna philharmonic sitting around. it's part of the german culture, jewish prisoners performing mozart and schumann and beethoven. for the german god, denazi's denazi's succeeded in destroying many things, had music you can't destroy back up what love you can try that. it's impossible,

hulu. ah. ready mm ish, anita, alaska, and her daughter, she couldn't us but as long as she has been considered sounds like

a valid comparison. come out with yeah, we haven't approach. we suddenly heard an announcement in english of english to cherish this. you know, i can't remember exactly how it went, but it said we were supposed to stay where we were was in. when the british came, they had no idea what they would find. they thought they were liberating a prisoner camera, but this wasn't a prison camp. it was a pit of corpses and elation. goober laughlin was mr. kyle, for a lot longer to time, is in the indian others less lava farm. then she wants me to this boy mentioned yourself, and boy replenished the cry of whom i had vast. agatha vasa, but i have on your own vassar dimensions in for dos with or to food is not only

come a hot in for media leap to be live your free, remind you boss to speed, but for some it was too late to resume. that's how it was. it was indescribable because we suddenly were alive. yeah, ever. he commissioned that you probably heard timble bees description of bells, and 5 and fun. beltran nelson was unimaginable image over an acre of ground, lay dead and dying people. you could not see which was which, except perhaps by a convulsive movement or the last quiver of aside from a living skeleton too weak to move this day. a belgian was the most horrible of my life. that kind come the face of the let me have a meeting with you haven't thought that you have

a key for more loyal kind of kind of kind of me to come in when i get a chance i'm billed for minute rest as a video of my talking to a british soldier and another 3 guy walking back to the canada flag. sure glove on it's been a fat me speaking the mr. manish rest of the price in half in pretty dish. i think he's having fun to listen to the family but the guns because right after the session or not makers, i remember i was sitting somewhere and someone told me there was a jeep or something from the b, b, c. they want to interview people and that i should go over in with my 1st encounter with a microphone with me call full dimas,

make sure he should have to be in touch. ms. shane that happened to ben when dimensions and carnegie ross. hi reading, aka. that's a lot mazique democracy. that's the punishing him was he kept on the course bass, living water, mazique, mac i always somehow knew that in my mind the cello saved my grandmother's life. so that was always somehow in the atmosphere of the family story. ah, ah,

it's a still sketch and he claims spaces for i'm of that in house. does it was she's up to speed that was coming yet going mother. yeah, he's been such to absent, doesn't zulu. ah, after the 2nd world war, german conductor vill him fort bang. this career was also on the brink of ruin. the victorious power saw him as hitler's pet. maestro, he was banned from performing, and in 1946 was brought before a di, nuts, vacation tribunal. ford rang that faced. uncomfortable questions? was he a nazi? did he bear any guilt? why hadn't he left germany?

ah, in 1947, the tribunal classified fort wrangler. as a follower, a category that carried no penalty in he soon began performing again with the berlin fellow monex. and his return to the stage was a great success. ah

. home foot wrangler was born in berlin in 1886. his musical career took off at an early age of 20. he was already conducting symphony orchestras. the story but signed us. it is so powerful and i say this is some one in the same profession . i gotta keep, it doesn't get better than that. he thinks sometimes i think if someone can conduct like that, then maybe i should just pack up and quit. that's not really a nice feeling. him listening to fort langley elicits everything from profound exhilaration to the sense of being completely insignificant and powerless. guns client mock last food ah

ah stablished under as i do believe something emanated from him, something extraordinary is under that transcended the music. something deeply human at 1st. and then when he stepped on to the stage, you had this sudden sense of rapid sighing then, and actually inhabited to separate. well this man, he's at 58. ah, he's unquestionably a genius musician. but he is part of the german people and he has no particular sympathy for the victims. on the contrary, the only person or people that force angler feels any pretty for is for he says the occupy germans the way we are suffering now under the under the under the

occupation of foreign armies. the way they are making me suffer, ah ah, in the early 19 thirty's, germany was considered the land of music with a rich tapestry of sounds like music, jazz, classical music and contemporary compositions were all very popular. this musical diversity ended when the national socialists came to power in january 1933, the new right chancellor. at off hitler took control of parliament within weeks and appointed himself the fewer. and he also set the tone for the nation's music. the irish but the music of careers. biggest bouldering poker for pinned on others

for his did as commute. b b. just jump in. it's think i ended up. i'd been for startled read again. ah fine. deep side omitted by the nazis seized power. in 1933, they immediately launched a series of what have become known as wild purges, excited does few to oh, of gwinnett. because of those purges and because of the intense and frequent violence on the streets and even in concert halls, many people in the music profession left germany at this very early stage war satire also to escape persecution for last not, not in 444 boom florence in awe, as minister of public enlightenment and propaganda. joseph gerbils was responsible for music and culture in the nazi stage. soon after the nazis came to pass, he established the right chamber of culture which included the rush chamber of

music. membership was compulsory for any one in the field. and so these institutions allowed gerbils to control german cultural life. and the allocated posts and titles to his office of choice is that the video men of dominant had an independent maintenance come on the country up because that, that even even if depth you feel that i would do a comma. it is m u d i was the gamma whom lady denton. and i am was if you liked or dr. lee got the house to mislead on this, blair did the art that and i'm really kicked out that dr. lambert dangler as vice president of the right chamber of music, fill him for wrangler, was turned from an un political artist to a political figure. he also received the honorary title of prussian state

counsellor food wrangler was so important to the nazis that they put him on the list of god began arbiten artists that were gifted by god. ah lucy, god twisty deutsche music was considered the most german form of art hosta asked at spoke directly from the racial sold because it was so important. the state invested a great deal of money in it when they believed music shaped the racial soul of a puzzle from within. just have an educational quality. it shake. the racial essence of the nation and mission were built in san addison plague. oh ah

ah. the nazis could say, we are a cultural nation. we are a cultural people, you couldn't possibly suspect that we're doing something that was on cultural. this is our justification. we are a nation of culture and culture is our cover. ah, [000:00:00;00] ah, it's you know, if they was driving for global recognition, greatness and national pride when music became so intertwined with race,

everything derived from a foreign race had to be eliminated. aussies for oscar, she'd mm. ah . gavin and duchess data and induction and a died ship west and died. she slipped 2 and a died, forbidden the const and a dodge and was eager and indulgent onto the out. we are of egan on spoke about the i van. it's gave the kind of move it got. you didn't ask him good, good, good to a laban to design began vedantam to feel that they would be the league and let them know if it gets you can't and it lengthened italy. oh yeah. i think i was happy ever kind asked glen glen gather, said we can spectacularly replaced these jewish musicians. we don't need them musica oft burleson. i believe they did. even in germany. yeah, most java. my box is taught staple oxygreen,

deutschland ah versa, around 300 kilometers east of the rise capital berlin. today the city is called broad swath and belongs to poland. anita alaska was born here to a german jewish family in july 19. 25 is almost an august i. catherine was at the time a fairly ordinary family. was eager. and so just let us know, marlowe music was just normal, which heightened before mom. these were the days before the bell had televisions. we played music at home. my mother was also a musician, so there was always music, mississippi and build for movies though. there's a photo of me sitting on the ground with a little broom and a comb, ease, and sheet music in front of me. and i'm pretending to play the cello to just be

sharon billy, or my parents probably said, i think the child wants to play the cello. so they bought me a very small one. and her auto. he says to auto this one was my 1st teacher. but then things became difficult and unlike them because as i grew older, i still wanted to play the cello, but there were no cello teachers left in bracelets who were willing to teach a jewish child and shallowly, la, and bertha. and you to just kinda understand what i read to what's worth recently and i went to the house from the to warehouse was walked around the city to imagine the space center walked to help on both walked over and over the university. and you think this was a really concert direct german jewish family. they're unsafe,

they were safe until suddenly done. com. d z to as soon as mom, he's not belinda sheet. that was, i was sent to berlin, where there was still a jewish cello teacher who would teach me as records that was shortly before the 9th of november. so i was in berlin at the time. when i had shallow lessons with lay of hostile for 6 months, luckily i dunc gigi's ex mona gave me something i could draw on hold just not a yard when he shouted you and then came crystal, not the night of broken glass, did he coastal enough to him my mother called and said, i should come home straight away. behold, at that moment everything changed. his faded. we realised there was no place for us, but unfortunately it was too late to speak. ah, who?

wishin noise in the midst of the stucco or you don't you shun among the war by ina right? literature food. she knew lawyers only sugar feverish . tough adults with miller hold off. oh my god. oh oh oh. the fascination of foot wrangler begins with that with the wave that he conducted the way to communicated with musicians. the ways we communicated with audience. and there was nothing like it at the time. but every major conductor, since certainly every major conduct, alive to day, has had to absorb something footprint in order to achieve what they want to do as musicians. oh,

exclaimed zone absolute, it sounded so completely spontaneous and his freedom with temper radiated such amazing simplicity. of course you had to submit yourself to his well is i know it is, i am good, wasn't just vertical by this law right up and down there because he's conducting was often very elastic with, with a great sense of naturalness. you had the sense that he was composing the music while conducting company is very as d o, as was gaap, sheesh, niemen diaz. there was no single person who could have been more of an embodiment of german music. if you want to call it that than foot bangla, he was the head of germany's most important orchestra's, the berlin philharmonic and the shots cappella morning. and he performed his cor repertoire there in a way that was ground breaking and influential signed can repertoire. is it just out of steel mutant fog?

ah, don't he looked as unknown higher? there was something quite different about it. in a freer, darker, not as luminous seemed billing t, and yet very powerful. without will you know her well make of i take it had the force of convictions, homeschool fight. ah, ah, ah, why? he always talked about german music. there might have been something a little bit too much about it, but it was important to him and so was staying in germany. can't blame it. blame. i love that has been with charles lincoln. what

a person she come into bertram with bryan paid for sometimes you gotta switch. oh sweetie. look at them aint bit ah, come a hush on. i feel sad came from a family where conversation revolved around things. if great, beautiful michelangelo talked about michelangelo, he was extremely knowledgeable about olsby as of out that art and only uh huh. asking when it came to politics wow. yeah. ah, does mad us be with our possessions on foot wrangler, on wrangler, was convinced that politics and art were 2 entirely separate entities. when does and that because music embodies eternal values in a sense and transcends day to day politics. it was obvious that music had to be free of political influence. and does he a desk beaten off eyes?

i was from 20 to shine. philos nominate propaganda minister. gerbils sought power and control. even in the arts. this made the berlin philharmonic orchestra all the more important to him. in 1933, the privately run ensemble was in financial difficulty. gerbils nationalized the philharmonic and turned it into the right orchestra, saving the jobs of the musicians. but there were 4 jewish musicians among them, including concertmaster. she moaned goldberg as this, but in fear fair and yahoo, the com, you know that in these 4 cases the musicians were subjected to increasing pressure in order for their contracts were simply not extended. so does he, that they were all pushed out of the orchestra by 1935 at the latest orchestra or schofield vill home fort wrangler backed the musicians. but the pressure from the

regime was too great. shimon gold bag and the other jewish musicians of the berlin philharmonic left germany to escape the nazi dictatorship. damn pan, brown pan but on it and i dont on that. i'd be glad i get right into it. right. ah. in 1934 foot finger stood up for composer. pol hinder mit her symphony. mattie there marla, he planned to perform with the berlin philharmonic. what followed was a power struggle with gerbils who forbade the concert. the nazis found hinder mits, modern style of music, unacceptable. and foot wrangler, who had made his one stand against the regime on this thing on this one, on this item in a brilliant fil, a volley program never had another confrontation with the regime. they simply

stared him down and he was too afraid for his position. an ad for his personal interests ever again to stand up to gerbils, let alone take. ah. under pressure from the nurse's foot wrangler, came to a decision. he stepped down as leader of the berlin philharmonic conductor of the stage opera and vice president of the rice chamber of music. gobbles manipulates him in an almost faustine fashion. and the relationship between for to england girls is very much a false deon relationship. that's our her easy bream. when the fact is, he stayed there and participated in his own way. me through music was regarded ah,

by spring 1935 viewed him, fort wrangler, was back on stage, conducting the berlin philharmonic. he was rehabilitated and once again celebrated by audiences and high ranking nazis. ah. and so he makes his pat with the devil. this is the deal. he stays in germany. he doesn't make waves. he conducts for the nazis wherever they want him to conduct. he conducts in front of a huge swastika. he is morally degenerate. ah ah.

why? when the nazis came to power in 1933, germany had around 65000000 inhabitants. about half a 1000000 of whom were german jews. a so called non ariens, they were dismissed from the workforce. almost all german jewish musicians lost their jobs even extend happen, given very few people had the financial means to emigrate them, but it was a hugely expensive undertaking. by few vast not. and many people also identified with germany when the torch lunch deal was where they lived and worked to see many for decades. and they identified very strongly with that when sees. and vaccines docked immediate and if it's yet, hm, ah,

in 1933 unemployed, jewish artists established the co tolben deutsch. are you the cultural association of german jews? it was a kind of self help organization that enabled jewish musicians to continue performing with their own orchestra's and ensembles. alongside berlin, munich was a hub of this cultural life to settle santa nissan coolant. asked us, as the interesting thing about these cultural associations, was that for a long time, some form of jewish cultural life continued to exist in nazi germany. strickland, of course it was kept entirely separate and under the firm control of the nazis or but it did make it possible for jews to perform works that were drawn from the german musical tradition, while at the same time renegotiating their jewish identity, excited quantity of interest in 2010 more founder. ah,

you offended to shorten northeast and cargo. this is still where the main shopping area is today. no. how's the and coughing a toss out. he worked here and i'm from and on this side street until 1938. that's where the main synagogue was, where major symphony concerts took place and concerned about this was a start from ah, in that we met about that so hope to know and right by the main synagogue, there were at least 2 jewish music shops. where until the mid 19 thirty's, you could still buy recordings by jewish artist, often content with them and one part stross and i'm just a few streets further on pulmonologist processed on you'd find the palais points. yeah. which hosted smaller concerts for the jewish cultural association to your district. rhetorical instructor for non o d. u booked as union deportations did not start an earnest until 1940 towards noon. that's why and 5th,

c o . d different as you want on guns for. she had munch and each one was different. some people was snatched from the st. paul, in our case, our parents received and left at telling them to report somewhere within 24 hours. that only my parents, not me, your renatta is dead. witnessed you not to and of course we wanted to go with our parents represent in retros. hm. i think i know what my father did. he told us he'd go to the gestapo and asked for permission. we lived nearby. wonder aloud miss fog, looking back. i suspect that my father went outside, walked around the block a time or 2 and returned the book and then simply told us they didn't give us permission to go with them. he buys and walter gets out. i can still hear his wise words. he said to where we are going, you will join us soon enough and we survived and they didn't. that's how it was,

too about us. after the deportation of their parents, anita alaska, and her sister renata was sent to a jewish orphanage in breast law. they worked was forced laborers in a paper factory. it was here that they helped french prisoners of war to escape with forged documents. they were discovered and put on trial. for pressure, shooting, iron possessed criminals were sent to trial. it juice were murdered, ties. so we were actually lucky to be in prison for about a year. yeah, i am giving not sent straight to outfits near the house cuz she chilion the f one. miss anguish beth. when it left the water that i have dancer thought, i might have yankee. thank the photo not unless has ground box models by the left ward valve, the going to put you in florida out with dignity band and the prisons were

overcrowded. ultima jews were taking up space. so they sent me to ash vets. in yosh it, she called me, i didn't serve my phone, sent him to side. i even wondered if i would have to make amends for that. when i returned to germany, merged often up gazette rabbit, damaged wisdom under i was, i should be doted as i then we knew what our shreds meant just from we went there to be murdered of his other. yes, it was clear. this was the n station colony by alice, unless husband but everything always happens differently from what you expect right enough that i arrived at auschwitz at night. the next morning was the intake process. and was he not argo? that it was very different the way i arrived at auschwitz and the way ordinary prisoners arrived there, should go on those huge transports. there was always a selection committee who decided who would go to the gas chamber and who wouldn't toddy? i was because of the big excursions. god,

i was bad that because there were only about 10 of us. we were criminal disorder for breccia. his mission courses, dish bottom. yet i couldn't dig it in out discussions in. but ones are unkempt, had mouth has yet, what happens and in newman, i am entered viet on da gasha, foreigners, devonne, feely. this is what happened next. are prisoners carried out the intake process. so this girl, a prisoner asked me to what is your name? where are you from? do you know how long the war will last? we were chatting like they thought i'd been outside, but of course i'd been in prison for dalton has come. she asked what i used to do, and i said, i played shallow. gemacht. jackson. augustine. and dusty sch fantastic. she said there's an orchestra and stately. i was naked with a tooth brush. that was a great kindness. she put a tooth brush in my hand and said,

stay here and wait abuse. and she fetched the orchestra director alma jose's regular ward hut, geek a pair my stolen fontes, a capella gold dust. while the al mozy was rare, me guys that she was thrilled to help her. finally, she had a cello for the orchestra's gabino cellist but she had died. i'd arrive just at the right moment. fantastic company. that is if we had this peculiar conversation, i was naked alma jose asked me where and with whom i'd studied. she said i had to quarantine, but they'd come and get me soon. the doctor. and that's how i joined the orchestra, but we were ornish done, but up and so virginia got political. that's right. imagine gone. you've up leak. yep. and that they gave me

a i don't think there's anything militant or aggressive about his music. very good music. so i don't see wagner as being malign in the music that he composes. he isn't. he is a composer. he's tried, great, great work ah, master hand fastened him on his fascinating is that this music completely absorbs you fairly. and that's the precise thing. it's also been accused of death lost money. ya for roughness was he chin softness, music appeared to coincide quite well with the ideology of national socialism. us

what an adult hitler's worship of wagner was a driving force behind a. i'm do, coughed. ah shattuck. now fancy, hellish, z december voice had back now was certainly aware music can express a state of mind of soul, but an actual opinion that something rather different of my norbish via house van fried in the bavarian town of bye raj was once the home of richard wagner, who to day it's museum that recognizes wagner as both a composer of opera and author of political writings, such as the student tomb into mazique, jewelry in music. wagner published the text in 1851st under

a pseudonym. then again under his real name in 1869. they shot voc, now var i'm slum. and on tuesday meet das grew to english ducati shout. lardner was a raging anti semite and torn or dust, said, there was certain circles in germany that was almost a matter of good manners. in them was egos, as was behind the essay about jews and musicians leash super gordon. it was an attempt to justify in historical terms why jews are incapable of producing authentic art as also as occupy the eigenvalues have no nation of their own. they can only imitate and impersonate actual culture and language harmon laugh if jews can't actually produce anything original or authenticate this lists ot touches. of course that rubbish doesn't hurt, but it's where a cultural and theoretical justification of anti semitism was born to appeal later . if you ask me to dance, the real scandal behind wagner does it, does i dishes scandal on by wagner? as it is up kind of,

i have no particular connection to wagner. i'd never go to buy right away, but i've played dizzy creed. it'll a 100 times, it's fantastic music. the man was a genius, a genius, greece, but he was loathsome route as aco. she was fine, he was an anti semite, but he didn't need to write down all of that poisoned gift of time down. his anti semitism went a step too far. it's on him under the image is most, it was like a breach in the wall. it was like, it was respectable society. it was countered society. it was a composer, the highest form of german bas, as being a composer. it was a german composer, saying, it's all right to be anti semitic. actually it's quite essential if you are a german composer de juice.

ah. the rice mazique target took place in may 1938 in dusseldorf. it was a showcase of german music in national socialism. but the event was also intended to disparage what party ideologists called degenerates music and art at mazique. ah, this was the title of a museum exhibition, put together by hunt severed of siegler, the director of the national theater in weimar. inspired by the degenerate art exhibition, he presented examples of music that he considered repellent. does fire and guns she deciding how exactly was degenerate was a rather difficult task. the general tart was all made by abstract artist or artist

who distorted the human face. testamentary he could eat, but se, uti i and i don't sound like i just don't include them in their book. so those are you to kind of go must be a conflict with dyna and i've never kitson boss. so what is degenerate music? festival siegler meant a turn on music music because he believed that triad was germanic and natural come on, and eternal music was jewish music. utterly music is to you. dish is mckenna, may i have ruled on what you call or go? don't want to go to the angel that the, i don't, i did. i gave him his doctors don't know, donnelly did, and i don't want you. his was the da da da da da da da da. your good log into harmony. leave us your honor, turned back up. jack here is, do you have us? what do you guys we are funny is that it was an abusive exhibition. replete with contradictions. not only jewish musicians were

reviled non jewish ones were 2, such as the austrian catholic composer and chronic, and his jazz opera, johnnie spirit of which is the, the main character is a black man from a black jazz musician who said, uses a white one button and that was considered race development as husband musicologist al, brush tooling is an expert on the nazi degenerate music exhibition. he's documented and annotated the material in a book. i think the booster says the cover that the degenerate music brush f as in boy as a symbol of degeneracy of degenerate music. they've taken a black jazz musician and an african american is musica and portrayed him can as repulsively as possible. at least abstruse does bulging limps and earrings and ordering them, but also in

a top hat and tails. fuck is you can't see the towels here. and a big saxophone sucks reform it's and the finishing touches star david. want him hinder go. this reflects the nazi belief that the jews had masterminded the infiltration of jazz music into germany. jazz music, this was race mixing, par excellence science and the nazis is race mixing was degenerate and huffman mission trust mission while for the nurses and asked it, ah, [000:00:00;00]

ah, there goes dutch owen, but lake and for adam. this good target, the spirit. and a firestone did, and not when i looked at efficient budget about a 5 day a fairly nottingham wanted. acosta. was that a light come from the handful thing? light speed. the 9th is infill need, the model, which was cool and divided by lucas fan, b poker, jacob woodside concert or for hitler, the frequencies i'm and the birthday concerts for hitler were a fixture in the annual national socialist calendar are kind of massage on fuses, keyboards like a sheila's birthday on april 20th was an important event. carla m if and it became the custom that the night before, they would hold a birthday concert. this is in my am for armed and so bananas keyboard starts consent. gov ah, in previous years, gerbils had tried to enlist foot wrangler for the birthday concerts, but he had excused himself on medical grounds. in 1942 gerbils triumphed,

he managed to coerce foot wrangler into performing with the berlin philharmonic. ah ah, had to kind of damage and they contact us lounge up even before i knew what the occasion was. i wondered what's going on there. and if you can just sent some things happening, which is really quite fascinating, was known as are practically forced to sit up and take notice of us once. today, the concert makes a huge impression on us, but handle it took place at a time of great unease and disquiet. stucco. food? not the musical performance is outstanding in any case. some call it the concert of the millenniums. i didn't as as yet 1000 concepts. ah, ah, he's a man with

a conscience who chooses to suppress his conscience. ah, it was a propaganda event entirely to the taste of yoseph gobbles. and the maestro played along with the physician as it am of the face. he makes when he shaking hands speaks volumes, lo, it said that he wiped off his hands afterwards, his stomach was a. so you do get a sense that something strange is taking place of would it be if he was so sensitive, but he just told himself, do what needs to be done,

knocked us yet. but he delivered an interpretation of beethoven that evening. that was more profound than maybe even he realised, was defeated having never experienced those conditions. oh, so we have to judge. we hooked of a moral line that tells us if something is right or wrong and causes if something is good or bad, we have to say would. what would i have done in that situation? what are my motives? what are the benefits to me? what are the, what is, what are the detriments? am i under mortal threat? am i going to lose my life? if i don't conduct this concert very, it was birthday. and if the answer is no, if you're not going to be thrown into concentration cup, because you don't conduct the mind conducting oh room, you fear shield sheesh. we had a man shooty instruments. i several highlands mandolin, missouri,

one guitar. her record is a cello, a cello event. we will nestle children on amateurs. you can't imagine what it was like. it wasn't an orchestra track hand or kiss death on december. ah, don't ask me how she managed to make something out of it. that was acceptable. but if we'd been so terrible that it was unbearable, that would have been late and her fafsa yeah. but she, i wonder, indignation. 2 ah, mother was a, was in her own right. an extraordinary violinist for a successful had established a really successful career for herself. a 19 twenties, 1930 europe. she also came from a very esteemed musical lineage. so her father arnold rose

a. she had been there concert, master of the vienna philharmonic, and he had founded their rosy quartet. she was also the niece of gustavo marla. ah, making sure that the orchestra was good keeping its quality up. was the best way that she could ensure the survival of the orchestra and its members. of course, we don't have any recordings of the orchestra, so it's difficult to know how they sounded, but probably less mediocre and less poor in quality than many of the other camp benz zuber in milan and candy, the germans addressed her as how old might look on oma, even that was unheard of, we would doubt that she was well aligned and she had

a dignity that couldn't be acknowledged either via ah! in the 19 thirty's, alma rose se led a small women's orchestra called d. v, nevada maiden, the viennese waltzing girls. she was deported to outfits, be a canal in 1943. as an experienced director, she had to specially arrange the pieces for the camps orchestra. since the selection of musicians and instruments in the extermination camp was always down to chance 2 different items that brought by the jewish he, thor, sorry, had selected and prepared for being sent for germany. this territory was called effect and the lager and in the camp jar gone, it was also called canada canada because for europeans,

those days, canada was their land of plenty damn place of emigration. their land of milk and honey canada was just here in this direction. mm. ah ah ah, she has a pharmacy to us. you imagine the situation when the deportations begin it out as you have to leave your home in a day or 2 hours, straight away, roosevelt, vice versa. what do you do? missouri,

i do believe you're being re settled in east home. so what do you do antecedent you to put on your best. she lives issue it's you fact sure. 3 best outfits. and the thing that is most deity, there was a harbor on an instrument, an instrument because you play violin, you take your violin. if you play the flute, you take your flute as him, your charlotteville. taft was so be back an hour later became one of the wealthiest places in europe. i lose all the most valuable objects. people couldn't power when it came to be our canal. a cello, a violin, it was all very large and shallow negative. alice, what? me. ready ah oh

oh, the list commander commander. i was motion i remember. thanks vince, that you mentioned kind of fun. hello everyone in the side to make a note of dish has dimension of one families. in the morning after the morning they have to graft or chairs and instruments and they all work timing for this little score which is just an excellent main entrance. and they started to play the march marches which were well known. they were maybe tabby, german music or yeah. 2 2 2 2

2 2 intelligent just just pretty much down to the factories. and the same thing in the evening available in the idea was done. the number was to be correct. the same number of those who led the camp had to be back in the even if somebody died getting to work usually was just murder. it's during the work i was unable to walk it herself because of the prisoner was beaten, was to be carried by the other prisoners. as this statistics were to be corrected and been happy when that was over, we went back to the block and just devoured sheet music. we had to learn the repertoire because they were on sunday. and so we sat down somewhere in the camp 10 various places and played with the amusement of the got to

amusement. the prison could also hear us. they didn't all react to the same way some it was an insult. ringback but i've also read that is allowed others to dream themselves out of that if only for a few minutes omen going no stone, it. ringback ringback ringback ah, when i visited our shit, i knew that i wanted to see block 12 went the music block was i remembered from grandma's book that had block was near the ramp where the selections took place and it was, as she's said, basically next to the fence. ah,

me and i went and i spent some time. i mind about that when you make them come in and i'm just going to come in these fun sounds. have elephants, i can in, in the stunt and after commandant, my uncle get on to under hampton and when he does an hour, these are what is the highest month that outer dickerson touched on one, jasmine on coming as being felt enlightened until him, the frightened ama latoya thought i'd run as happiness i could not out of his in. right. ling right fling, ice is leaving rings from coming. now knock on to that foyer with some humor. the major part,

what let's say took to our right it left can site as well. that was where they were sitting and they were practicing m. we may see the location of the building if it's still neighboring the camp, but it's also neighboring to a den. oh fans to the wire. and just behind the wire there was there unloading platform. so in the fog, when they were practicing still, as some people for on the platform, they could hear the music is

rough or can. it wasn't perfectly normal for someone higher up to come to our block and demand to have something played for them. it was of order over her i give you set up tommy lift, shakes this disease. schmidt cross showing the sized man back to flower after the canton block, seen in auschwitz and up at ins, experimental n. my city still easier to define. this has been maximilian exploit amended human and mesh mansion. so to inflict i shouldn't vanguard a good conductor to. 2 2 mentioned king and sam, what happened to one done an experiment from 1943 to 1945. joseph miller was a nurse as camp doctor at auschwitz buchanan. he was responsible for the murder of tens of thousands of people as it i want you to remember,

we wanted to hear humans too. am i? right? so i played it as fast as possible. i didn't look at the man just get out. judge allegation of those vow i wrote about it later because it's interesting to note that these people, people like men, hello, we're not an educator to when you build in light of on he knew the peaches designed to day people ask me, how can you still play schuman not sure much better as, as brute. see that silly? yeah. have yeah. how did you feel? yeah, i didn't feel anything. yes. hello, get out. ah ah ah good, i didn't eat completely lose my identity, dad say,

get the cellist, not a cellist but the cellist d. i was the only wine. very lucky and look. ah, he shall after. yeah, but i conducted him by i for 18 years. i've ever for i was very friendly with wharf kung wagner, his grandson wanted to happen and he showed me on the score which measures brought a tear to the furies i own there for i know a name all that. mm. by reuters the wagner festival. every year and during the nazi era, it was of utmost importance. since richard wagner was out of hitler's favorite composer, the slit of i, she is not a 3rd, right. she is always eminent with fondness. gov and i don't think we should be

permitted to separate his work from the history of its reception from impact and ideology. got it. that's what people trying to do. they say, well, yes, hitler and all of that. that was terrible. he's a good, but the music is divine. tim was he is girlish. yes, the music is divine about, sorry, but i am convinced that you can and may only be a lover of wagner and have a clear conscience. but if you're willing to confront that other aspect and truly grapple with it all, does he started support for t? yes. good written, meet. so dean and deep when antiques and in few o'clock that i think that's when as a chinese different date on, hadn't he can't ok, scientifically didn't. to impish madison. what niemen at once that's true. now on 8 lot, of course you may have a ah rica wagner's daughter in law,

vin afraid, wagner began directing the by royal festival in 1930. ah ah, you by the harvest, ebay, wagner, she and hitler just got along and were on the same page when it came to wagner and by white glove up you and they became close friends. you backed us also as we the as that's fun. but hitler also went to buy high because the wagner were like family to him disrupt the family. he never had either hosts. hi, it was his way of getting away from it all for guns reached ish, does one. it'll and i do think it's important to acknowledge this part of hitler. b, the human dimension kite via the terrible thing is that a man who was basically a failed artist and philistine gone man, was able to plunge the entire world into chaos. he got surveyed. it's called in

vance sense. hitler might be closer to us today than we can to believe her. near as was flights ever leaps icon. ah. mosquitoes. decor aunt was everything to him. eugene spoke about it constantly. i do, joseph. he was also a knowledgeable hog area. he knew that the pieces, well dirt or voiced carbohol's cane, wagner used to tell me how he, and his brother vaillant had to sit by this. i place right here and listen to hitler often late into the night. mm hm. asking the the off business when morgan stored hitler's presence at the festival was also a political statement. and one that was understood international artists

like italian conductor arturo toscanini canceled their appearances. jewish artists will no longer welcome but others were un deterred by 943. phil, him fought wrangler, had conducted at the festival. 6 times we'd love to touch his junk of one, had not the old hitler had a habit of going backstage after a performance, which is unusual for a politician to as much. but that's why he felt like an artist among artists, and he liked that of honor. tricia artists were planted and honored that the fewer had come and spoken to them and shaking their hands and thank them. and so for both of you, i were enchanted. it's funny notation of eyes on one of these occasions that he ended up meeting foot. thank you so much. his i'm question before take back

a comb. ah ah. oh not hard enough. i haven't been a total. oh me that i i really am but bottom get rock 5. 0, i'll get the get stronger. ah, starting in 1940 the event and by royce became what the nazis now called the war festival. and wagner, music became part of the war and propaganda machinery venue, straight rock. no voice was any fleet. wagner originally argued in favor of cancelling the festival because of the war which they done during the 1st walk, well does white up. but hitler didn't want by boss extreme. hitler was determined that by hoyt, i saw, as the grand foundation of the national socialist cultural project tool. but this

was a matter of propaganda, for, even though by then hitler himself hardly ever attend our speech. baker comp is since the start of the war, the wagner festival was financed by the nazi organization strength through joy. it was also responsible for recreational programs for the vamp. mm. this meant that the audience was almost exclusively soldiers live. classical music was also performed in factories to maintain military morale in our by them. and of course many not you know, the back of the and it was on the part of the for the in escrow mine shaft casto, florida for and started on vac powers. and contact starts at dr. vill input wrangler did a year? that's bad enough. he'd i'm owner charquetta. you're here and that's my starting

a forcefield under the count wagner. ah ah, ah mazique does most merciful clam often vermont. even the smartest, cling and the eye. what's important to understand is that this music serve the purpose of propaganda fund and not only the music itself, but the framework under which it took place to, to smock. there certainly were people in the audience who attended and listened purely for the artistic enjoyment. despite the wars and escaped the grim reality of war time,

however briefly through music who seek and busied realities on ultimately these performances suggested that music was simply another way to carry on much ulta to buy dust, even if the world was collapsing around the tendency inclusive would i ask, is enough to which was hulu? ah, ah, to anna sites. indeed, he finds mich different islands. i've been getting dark sun. i'm n m, at the doctor, stop feeling if you buy them. the guys in the moslem, it is totally and that's in fluffy, them to get the upper body. these will cover it in them. is that then microsoft

volume drop, thin, the dodge said quicker, elevator get don't. when mr. glad businessman fits. yeah. but i thought you were truly una. i'm thankful when i had them. once august i got on become a scientist. even typhoon not known soon. a few. how can it be that as late as 1944, the funeral march from the gutter damn of uh, was still being recorded back in 1944. when all resources were supposed going to warn what the regime called a total warn oscar and one. obviously the state must have had a reason to want to go ahead with these recordings until almost the bitter end thrusts from indian. i'm so vatican ah

ah ah. we know that they will orchestra's in most of the main concentration camps. data had its own orchestras, oxen, housing, books, involved, and of course in outfits. there was not one but 5 orchestra's just in the main camp complex. so we know that orchestra's were very much an integral part of camp life who ran crazy. just short piece. we were the show, not as if someone say the red cross came to make sure ashmond was truly just an ordinary camp. they didn't show them the gas chambers. they showed them awesome. because we look at relatively decent though is music. so it must all be fine gums

about the whole thing was a colossal deception. carrasco shrink. i did, i'll be doing that with well i'm with ah ah, to this in stuck was the so called model ghetto model camp. sets her small fortress town outside of prague and was established by the nazis really to demonstrate to the world. what a fantastic life choose were living under nazi internment. ah, the nazis allowed

a very fully fledged musical life to develop in the camp and very famous me, those cultural activities and musical activities formed the basis for a large part of the propaganda film that was filmed there, the fury donates a town to the jews. this is very late, is 944 and it was no secret to anybody. for least the red cross what was happening, what the what the nazis were doing or the gates jewish people and and sin t and roemer and homosexuals from and everybody else. so i don't know why they even bothered him. his fill i mean most jews were killed by them anyway. ah, and of course, what happened to many of those musicians and many of us performers in the film, is that shortly after they had done the work,

they too were placed on the transports that were sent off to ash with ah, ah, ah, ah, it's part of the same mentality, but the idea that national socialism is a cultural phenomenon and even among those that we are murdering, we still want them to make music for us. with dish mentality is so perverse, it's almost beyond comprehension, but it is essential. it is integral to the way that the hitler gerbils kimbler state functioned the music and the arts were to be used as part of the murder

machine, rehearsals for a holocaust memorial day concert in london. the grandson of a neat alaska vowed fish curated the program. simon vall, fish is also a cellist and a singer. a musical highlight of the concert is a requiem for the victims of theresienstadt. i, the composer susie. moreover, he wrote this in the 19 ninety's terrace and get direct him. and she is check. she lives in prague and it brings him to contemporary time. the current composer, her reflections on the history. oh

oh. oh oh oh i mean oh to the bottom over uses and from the very rec him as a sort of feudal line above which than the singer sings assorted kentoria,

jewish orthodox prayer on top of it. so i'm seeing shamar is i as basically the merced strongest jewish crown there is above the very requiem you know, i didn't choose to be born in his family and i certainly wouldn't sant somehow, sally, the memory of victims of the holocaust to use that from iron billing as it were firm, and i'm very sensitive about that at the same time. if it's such a part of my dna somehow that whatever i end up doing it, it pays a part in it with them. and she was just a very loving grandmother. she still is sooner she would come to every single

concert that i ever did. i mean, from every school concert i am to to, to day. oh boy with community. thank you really? absolutely. did you understand everything? not everything you know about. it's asking too much of a dentist and everything. yeah. i mean when you get the time to do that, i know when you put the whole thing with you, when did you do that? well, just in between nappies and yeah, no, i know. yeah. often taken outfits. i'm says don't responds no talk was invalid, read him through the anthony rather than i found better than the sheet. management after back up up to one of the picking get saw that is in trial our huffman fine line mood. this is in the fight off of this,

getting the dock enough. i'm vision 7th of the vin. in 1945, anita and ranada, alaska were liberated, but homeless and stateless. they had to stay in germany for months because no country would take in, staplers displaced persons immediately after the war. finally, they managed to emigrate to england where they were reunited with that older system . marianna london is where a neat alaska is 2nd life began. it was easy for her to speak to my generation than to her own children because at the time she was in her early mid twenty's starting a family starting a new life in a new language, she actively did not want to bring up that period of her life she felt that she

wanted to arm catch up on last time, so she wanted to catch up on her cello studies and start her family and get on with her life. the cello that had saved her also brought her back to life and eat alaska via fish, is a cellist and founding member of the english chamber orchestra. she married pianist, peter via fish for almost 50 years. she didn't return to germany. in 1996, she wrote her memoir and became known as the jealous to vouch fits fit him, fort wrangler, stayed in germany until shortly before the end of the wall. there were opportunities for him to leave sooner. for example, in 1936 when he was offered the position of conductor of the new york philharmonic

does yeah, that is it for, for you and have you turn to shania dance and he finally took himself and his family to safety in switzerland in february 1945 with after his d notification trial, he began performing again in 1947. for example here at the subs boat festival in 1954. ah ah ah, let's look at it from a postal perspective. the musical life of germany had been so

complicit in the crimes of the nazi regime that it never looked back. it never cleansed itself. it never asked questions. they carry on as though nothing happened . because as far as, as music is concerned, nothing happened. ah, divine goes among you is a great man in germany. though i don't think people should presume to judge someone in a situation they can't even imagine the bomb. i don't blame for it wrangler for not leaving everything behind and going to america happening where no one would have known who he was in america gregory's work i meant is that so easy is desolation. ah! and it was none as it some dammit, we still haven't truly grappled with the question exactly how many jewish musicians

were dismissed to politic. or how big was the political influence or war people simply willing to be instrumental eyes with you. we still don't have answers to those questions quite an awfully etson gave her the implant. i would ask him to say all these people, he suddenly disappeared to her. where did he think they went as fresh fun as a man and what after the war? my mother told me that on the radio they often heard about what the allies had found in the concentration camps loud and fun. and he said to her, yes it is that we can never be happy again. dear that nevi, therefore they hadn't this home fort wrangler died in november 1954. at the age of 68. his grave is in heidelberg and southwestern germany.

oh, ah, ah o m. o. in 2018. renata, alaska har pressure and a neat alaska via fish were invited to the german parliament. a son, raphael, val fish played the cello ah, in those it should be a little bounce from been before via by the daughter and for lesson conton fast and kansas. yar on ish, how thick the sugar and need a mighty food of goat from humans as it's mine. ha alice best

o jabar bag and said no vizier, beneath i push gold shield for fear, feel yar when each boy established half is done, i'm gift on the left and display gifted munsey phillips. ah, we wouldn't have the fullest of us. yeah, i had my, i'm is laska vall, fish a great deal heated the way she's able to talk about what happened in such a straightforward way. i liked her speech quite a lot of us. it was not. and afterwards i wrote her to say i admired what she had to say. it is a quote to her connection to the culture for her reconciliation. her big heart, uveitis house. there's something very moving about that. and music also had something to do with it. it's even the time i performed for that man. somehow it all goes to demonstrate the power of music. this is this insane duffy dusty mazique

. does it cost us? ah, ah. destiny life is divided into parts you hello and does hon. hell and ordinary life, or dizzy and not see succeeded and destroying many families. but music g, you can't destroy back as to this couple. you can try, but it's impossible. i own mervis. oh ah ah

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