check everything out. a lot going on in tampa. germany tried and tested with in 2 hours on d. w. m. what secrets lie behind these walls? discover new adventures in 360 degrees. and explore fascinating world heritage sites. d w world heritage 360. get the app now with, ah, ah, how was it possible that the whole of the german musical profession and

establishment turned overnight into nazi collaborators? 4th thing that i thought engler gave us 1st class performances that are still admired today. building out our full the new music folks that then for all far gone down in auschwitz, 1 may have half the vienna philharmonic sitting around. it's part of the german culture, jewish prisoners performing mozart and schumann and beethoven for their german god . denazi's is a nazi, succeeded in destroying many things, but music you can't destroy that up what law you can try that. it's impossible,

hulu. mm. ready ready mm yeesh, anita, alaska, and her daughter, she couldn't us but as long as she asked them concert,

that sounds like belling burleson come associates. yeah, we haven't our plot. we suddenly heard an announcement in english of english to cherish this. you know, i can't remember exactly how it went, but it said we were supposed to stay where we were with when the british came, they had no idea what they would find. they thought they were liberating a prison camera. but this wasn't a prison camp. it was a pit of corpse. it's an illusion. goober laughlin was mr. kyle for a lot longer to time, is in the indian others as lava mentioned. he wants me to this boy mentions from cell from boy who claims me because of whom i had ross agatha vosta. dr. waffle vander or nevada. dimensions in for da smith or the flu is not

gonna come. a hardin for needle storm. leap to be live your free. remind you about fish beach. but for some it was too late to resume. that's how it was. it was indescribable. gertrude, suddenly we were alive. no. ever. he can change that. you've probably heard timble beast description of bells, and 5 and fun. beltran nelson was unimaginable owners. and yeah, over an acre of brown lay dead and dying people, you could not see which was which, except perhaps by a convulsive movement or the last quiver of aside from a living skeleton too weak to move this day at bell's, he was the most horrible of my life that you guys can come in and have a meeting with you happen to have a key for you have

a smart lawyer kind of kind of kind of me to come in to make sure that i did it for minute rest as a video of my talking to a british soldier and there's another 3 guy walking back to the canada flag to glove on. it's been a fat, me speaking the mission management at 5 and half i think he's having fun to listen to the family because because right after the session or not makers, i remember i was sitting somewhere and someone told me there was a jeep with something from the b, b, c, they wanted to interview people and that i should go over in the car was my 1st encounter with a microphone. with me call for donna's make sure he

should have any and give them permission. very miss thousands of things that happened and then you really dimension in oregon. roxanne is highly recommended. the baka that's a lot, mama's eat, the mocked he's. that's the fun. jim was a couple of course bath, the water mazique. i always somehow knew that in my mind the cello saved my grandmother's life. so that was always somehow in the atmosphere of the family story. ah ah,

it is still to schedule, he claims spaces for i am of that and i wish it was. she's up to speed that was coming yet going mother, you've been such to absent. the suit, you ah! ah! after the 2nd world war, german conduct a vill him fort bang! this career was also on the brink of ruin. the victorious powers saw him as hitler's pet. maestro, he was banned from performing and in 1946 was brought before a d knots vacation tribunal fought wrangler faced. uncomfortable questions? was he a nazi? did he bear any guilt? why hadn't he left germany?

ah, in 1947, the tribunal classified fort wrangler. as a follower, a category that carried no penalty. he soon began performing again with the berlin philharmonic and his return to the stage was a great success. ah

. home food wrangler was born in berlin, in 1886. his musical career took off at an early age of 20. he was already conducting symphony orchestras. this is so important to us. it is so powerful and i say this is some one in the same profession. i gotta keep, it doesn't get better than that. he thinks sometimes i think if someone can conduct like that, then maybe i should just pack up and quit. that's not really a nice feeling. him listening to fort langley elicits everything from profound exhilaration to the sense of being completely insignificant and powerless. guns client mock last food. ah

ah, tell the shonda. yes, i do believe something emanated from him. something extraordinary under that transcended the music, something deeply human at 1st. and then when he stepped on to the stage, you had this sudden sense of rap acts i had been actually inhabited to separate. well, this bond is it's 58. ah, he's unquestionably a genius to the musician, but he is part of the german people and he has no particular sympathy for the victims. on the contrary, the only person or people that force angler feels any pretty for is for he says the occupy germans the way we are suffering now under the under the under

the occupation of foreign armies. the way they are making me suffer, ah ah, in the early 19 thirty's, germany was considered the land of music with a rich tapestry of sounds like music, jazz, classical music and contemporary compositions were all very popular. this musical diversity ended when the national socialists came to power in january 1933, the new right chancellor. at off hitler took control of parliament within weeks and appointed himself the fewer. and he also set the tone for the nation's music. the irish but the music of greer's british powder in focus for would have been

doing others for his did us commit b. b, just jump in. it's think i've been for startled with reagan. ah, i'm deep sighed omitted by the nazis seized power. in 1933, they immediately launched a series of what have become known as wild purges, excited does few to oh, of good. and because of those purges and because of the intense and frequent violence on the streets and even in concert halls, many people in the music profession left germany at this very early stage war satire also to escape persecution for last not, not in 444 boom florence in awe as minister of public enlightenment and propaganda. joseph goebbels was responsible for music and culture in the nazi stage. soon after the nazis came to pass, he established the right chamber of culture which included the rush chamber of

music. membership was compulsory for anyone in the field. and so these institutions allowed gerbils to control german cultural life. and the allocated posts and titles to his artists of choice is not the video men of dominant independent maintenance. come on the country up, gazette that even even if depth, if you look at i spoke to a camera, it is m u d i was the come up zoom, but i didn't them and i, i'm was, if you like dr. lee at the house to mislead on this, blair did the i like that and i'm was deflect out that dr. lambert dangler as vice president of the right chamber of music film, ford wrangler, was turned from an un political artist to a political figure. he also received the honorary title of prussian state counselor

. foot wrangler was so important to the nazis that they put him on the list of got began arbiten artists that were gifted by god ah, with woozy guide, trusty deutsche music was considered the most german form of art. hosta asked, had spoke directly from the racial sold because it was so important. the state invested a great deal of money in it when they believed music shaped the racial soul of a puddle with didn't just have an educational quality. it shake the racial essence of the nation and mission were built and solid at us and plague. oh,

the nazis could say, we are a cultural nation. we are a cultural people. you couldn't possibly suspect that we're doing something that was on cultural. this is our justification. we are a nation of culture and culture is our cover. ah, ah, it's you know, they were striving for global recognition, greatness and national pride. when music became so intertwined with race, everything the derived from a foreign race had to be eliminated. aussies for oscar shouldn't be an

awe job and digest data and induction and died ship best and died to slip and died for building. the const and a dudgeon was equal down and dodging onto the up. we are up, he can on spoke about the i van. it's gave the kind of move it got. you didn't ask him good to go to a label to design the can validate into feeling that would be the league and let them know that you can't. and it glenfield a leak houghton. yeah, i think i was happy ever kind ask glen glen gather, said we can spectacularly replace these jewish musicians. we don't need them musica . oh burleson. i believe they did. even in germany. yeah, most government box is taught staple, also going deutschland mm. mm.

theresa around 300 kilometers, east of the rise capital berlin. today the city is called broad swath and belongs to poland. anita alaska was born here to a german jewish family in july 1925 ish, thomas and august. i care what was it the time? a fairly ordinary family was eager and so just let us know, marlowe music was just normal, was heightened before mom. these were the days before people had televisions. we played music at home. my mother was also a musician, so there was always music. escape jen, bear for me, vito. there's a photo of me sitting on the ground with a little broom and a comb, ease and sheet music in front of me. and i'm pretending to play the cello to village or be cheryl ashby loo. or my parents probably said,

i think the child wants to play the cello. so they bought me a very small one. and her auto. he says to auto this one was my 1st teacher, but then things became difficult and unlock them because as i grew older, i still wanted to play the cello. but there were no cello teachers left and bracelets who were willing to teach a jewish child and shallowly, la ambassador, and you did just kinda understand what i read to what's worth recently. and i went to the house to where the house was, walked around the city to imagine the space center walked for help on both. what over and over the university and you think this was a really concert director, german jewish family. they're unsafe, they were safe until suddenly done. com, dc towards you and asthma may not belinda sheet that was i was sent to berlin where

there was still a jewish cello teacher who would teach me as records that was shortly before the 9th of november. so i was in berlin at the time, when i had channel lessons with les or hostile for 6 months, luckily i dunc gigi's ex mono. it gave me something i could draw on hold just not a yard when he had his own and then came crystal, not the night of broken glass or did he coastal enough to him. my mother called and said, i should come home straight away. behold, at that moment everything changed his face. we realised there was no place for us. but unfortunately, it was too late to speak. ah, who cushion noise in the midst of the stucco or you know you shun

a man from the war by ina. right? literature for you. she knew will judge. make sure that he restart. douglas miller hold on. okay. well, for my directly, god called me, oh oh, the fascination of foot wrangler begins with that with the way that he conducted the way to communicated with musicians. the ways we communicated with audience. and there was nothing like it at the time. but every major conductor, since suddenly, every major conductor alive to day, has had to absorb something afoot, thing, in order to achieve what they want to do as musicians. oh exclaimed z o absolute. it sounded so completely spontaneous and his freedom with

temper radiated such amazing simplicity. of course you had to submit yourself to his well, is i no visitor, i am good, wasn't just vertical by this law straight up and down there because he's conducting was often very elastic with a great sense of natural mother. you had the sense that he was composing the music while conducting a company that is very as d o as was cap sheesh, niemen diaz. there was no single person who could have been more of an embodiment of german music. if you want to call it that than foot wrangler, he was the head of germany's most important orchestras, the berlin philharmonic and the shots cappella morning. and he performed his cor repertoire there in a way that was ground breaking and influential sign can repertoire is it does or, or steel mutant. ah,

don't knock this another higher. there was something quite different about it in like a free or darker. not as luminous, st 1000000000 t, and yet very powerful. without will you know her well make a via tape. it had the force of conviction sweeping scarlet. ah, ah, ah, blue black. he always talked about german music. there might have been something a little bit too much about it, but it was important to him and so with staying in germany, can't blame it, blame for lunch, but it's been wishing that i chose lincoln. what a person she come into bertram monique, i want you to miss bryant. i wish london his absence, which ost media,

bookish. them ain't but ah, come a hush on. i feel so came from a family where conversation with solved around things. if great, beautiful michelangelo, he talked about michelangelo, he was extremely knowledgeable about olsby as about doing that art and only uh huh . asking when it came to politics. wow. yeah. ah does madison be with talked as extra attendance when foot wrangler went wrangler, was convinced that politics and art were 2 entirely separate entities. winters and that because music embodies eternal values and assassin and transcends day to day politics. it was obvious that music had to be free of political influence. and does he a desk beaten off eyes and was from quantity to shy and philos nominate propaganda

minister gerbils sought power and control. even in the arts. this made the berlin philharmonic orchestra all the more important to him. in 1933, the privately run ensemble was in financial difficulty. gerbils nationalized the philharmonic and turned it into the right orchestra, saving the jobs of the musicians. but there were 4 jewish musicians among them, including concertmaster, shimon goldberg as this, but in fear fan. yeah, off the com. you know that in these 4 cases the musicians were subjected to increasing pressure in order for their contracts were simply not extended. so to see them, they were all pushed out of the orchestra by 1935 at the latest orchestra hall. schofield vill home fort wrangler backed the musicians. but the pressure from the regime was too great. shimon gold bag and the other jewish musicians of the berlin philharmonic left germany to escape the nazi dictatorship. damn pan,

but on it on that i don't on that. i'd be glad i get it right in in her by. ah, in 1934 foot finger stood up for composer. pol hinder mit her symphony. mattie there marla, he planned to perform with the berlin philharmonic. what followed was a power struggle with gerbils who forbade the concert. the nazis found him. it's modern style of music, unacceptable. and foot wrangler, who had made his one stand against the regime on this thing. on this one on this item and a valid fil, a volley program never had another confrontation with the regime. they simply stared him down and he was too afraid for his position. an ad for his personal

interests ever again to stand up to gerbils, let alone to ah. under pressure from the nazis foot wrangler, came to a decision. he stepped down as leader of the berlin philharmonic conductor of the state opera, and vice president of the right chamber of music doubles, manipulates him in an almost faustine fashion. and the relationship between 4 to england doubles is very much the falsity and relationship dots are her easy green when the fact is, he stayed there and participated in his own way through music was because ah, by spring 1935 viewed him, fort wrangler, was back on stage,

conducting the berlin philharmonic, he was rehabilitated and once again celebrated by audiences and high ranking nazis . ah. and so he makes his pat with the devil. this is the deal. he stays in germany. he doesn't make waves. he conducts for the nazis wherever they want him to conduct. he conducts in front of a huge swastika. he is morally degenerate. ah ah huh .

when the nazis came to power in 1933, germany had a round, 65000000 inhabitants. about half a 1000000 of whom would german jews a so called non ariens, they were dismissed from the workforce. almost all german jewish musicians lost their jobs even extend happen. the very few people had the financial means to emigrate them, but it was a hugely expensive undertaking. by few invest not, and many people also identified with germany when the dodge land was where they lived and worked see many for decades. and they identified very strongly with that one sees and fox, they're stocked immediate and if it's your time, ah, in 1933 unemployed jewish office established the co tobin deutscher youth,

the cultural association of german jews. it was a kind of self help organization that enabled jewish musicians to continue performing with their own orchestra's and ensembles. alongside berlin, munich was a hub of this cultural life to settle sandtown these and cool torrent asked us of the interesting thing about these cultural associations was that for a long time, some form of jewish cultural life continued to exist in nazi germany. strickland, of course it was kept entirely separate and under the firm control of the nazis or but it did make it possible for jews to perform works that were drawn from the german musical tradition, while at the same time renegotiating their jewish identity. scottish clemency of over here, just a 2010 north founder ah, to you within the georgia markets and cargo. this is still where the main shopping area is today. no. how's that?

coughing a toss out. he worked here and i'm from and on this side street until 1938. that's where the main synagogue was, where major symphony concerts took place and confronted, gosh, this was a start from ah, in that we met about ned, so hope to know and ride by the main synagogue. there were at least 2 jewish music shops where until the mid 19 thirty's. you could still buy recordings by jewish artist often con to them and one part to austin and just a few streets further on pulmonologist hasa on you'd find the palais points. yeah. which hosted smaller concerts for the jewish cultural association to your just uncomfortable instructor for g d p as union deportations. didn't start an earnest until 1940 towards noon. that's why and 5th c

o d g, but as you and on guns for she had munch and each one was different. some people who snatched from the street in fall and now k, south parents received and left at telling them to report somewhere within 24 hours . but only my parents, not me, your renatta is dead. witnessed you not to and of course we wanted to go without parents interested in retrospect. hm. i think i know what my father did. he told us he'd go to the gestapo and ask for permission very we lived near by wonder aloud miss fog looking back. i suspect that my father went outside, walked around the block a time or 2 and returned the book and then simply told us they didn't give us permission to go with them. he buys and walter gets out. i can still hear his wise words. he said to where we are going, you will join us soon enough and we survived and they didn't. that's how it was to bother you. after the deportation of their parents,

anita laska and her sister renata was sent to a jewish orphanage in breast law. they worked was forced laborers in a paper factory. it was here that they helped french prisoners of war to escape with forged documents. they were discovered and put on trial. for pressure shooting, i'm possessed. criminals were sent to trial, juice were murdered. so we were actually lucky to be in prison for about a year. yeah. im giving not sent straight to outfits near the house whiskey she chilion so yes, wonderful. this anguish belt when it left the voted to that i and have dancer thought i might have younger things. palletized now and the 3rd round back, the mountains favorite enough water valve, the constant hot one flavor out with dignity bad down the prisons were overcrowded ultima jews were taking up space. so they sent me to ash fits in yosh it. she

called me, i didn't have my phone sent him to live. i even wondered if i would have to make amends for that. when i returned to germany, emerged often up gazette rabbit, damaged wisdom under i suppose i should be doted as i. then we knew what our ships meant us from. we went there to be murdered with his other. yes, it was clear. this was the end station called by alice, others as one, but everything always happens differently from what you expect right in there, not i arrived at auschwitz at night. the next morning was the intake process. and was he not aga? it was very different the way i arrived at auschwitz and the way ordinary prisoners arrived there, should go on those huge transports. there was always a selection committee who decided who would go to the gas chamber and who wouldn't toddy? oh, oscars, hotel, big excursions. god, i was bad that because there were only about 10 of us we were criminal sorta for pleasure. is mission caught us dish bottom. did i didn't bring

it in our discussions in but on the on concept had met with has yet what happens and in newman, i entered viet on dar gasha formed is devonne. feely. this is what happened next. our prisoners carried out the intake process. i said this girl a prisoner asked me, what's your name? where are you from? do you know how long the war will last? we were chatting like they thought i'd been outside, but of course i'd been in prison for dalton has come. she asked what i used to do, and i said, i played cello gemacht. chuck shall august be untouched ish fantastic. she said, there's an orchestra and stately. i was naked with a tooth brush knock. that was a great kindness. she'd put a tooth brush in my hand and said stay here and wait at nissan. she fetched the orchestra director alma jose's regular ward hut, geek a co pay my stolen fontes,

a capella gold dust by the al mozy was rare. me guys that she was thrilled to have . finally, she had a cello for the orchestra, got debina cellist, but she had died. i'd arrive at just at the right moment. fantastic companies. it is. if we had this peculiar conversation, i was naked. alma jose asked me where and with whom i studied, she said i had to quarantine, but they had come and get me soon, the doctor. and that's how i joined the orchestra of if ornish dunbar up. and so virginia got political that's right. imagine gone. you have leaked up on that they gave to me or

i don't think there's anything militant or aggressive about his music. very good music. so i don't see wagner as being malign in the music that he composes. he isn't, he is a composer. he's trying to create great work. ah ha, ha ha, fastened him on his fascinating is that this music completely absorbs you foolish. and that's the precise thing. it's also been accused of dust lost money. ya for roughness was each fin. songers music appeared to coincide quite well with the ideology of national socialism, nurses and adult hitler's worship of wagner was a driving force behind. i coughed. ah

shattuck. now fancy, hellish. he doesn't wish that bag now was certainly aware music can express a state of mind of soul, but an actual opinion that something rather different of my norbish via house van fried in the bavarian town or by raj, was once the home of richard wagner to day it's a museum that recognizes wagner as both a composer of opera and author of political writings. the student tomb in their music. jewelry in music. wagner published the text in 1851st under a pseudonym. then again under his real name in 1869.

the shot bark. now var i'm slum. and on tuesday meet das grew to english ducati shout. wagner was a raging anti semite, torn or dust stirred in certain circles in germany. that was almost a matter of good manners. in them was egos, as was behind the essay about jews and musicians leash super gordon. it was an attempt to justify in historical terms why jews are incapable of producing authentic art, as well as r k. the eigenvalues have no nation of their own. they can only imitate and impersonate actual culture and language harmon laugh if jews can't actually produce anything original or authentic. this lists out tend to shoes. of course that rubbish doesn't hurt, but it's where a cultural and theoretical justification of anti semitism was born to appeal later . if you ask me to dance, the real scandal behind wagner does is, does i dishes scandal on by wagner as it is up kind of, i have no particular connection to wagner. i'd never go to buy right away,

but i played dizzy creed. it'll a 100 times. it's fantastic music. the man was a genius, a genius, greece, but he was loathsome route as aco. sure fine, he was an anti semite, but he didn't need to write down all of that poison gift of time. doubt his anti semitism went a step too far. it's on him and his image is most, it was like a breach in the wall. it was like, it was respectable society. it was countered society. it was a composer, the highest form of german buses being a composer. it was a german composer, saying it's all right to be anti semitic. actually it's quite essential if you are a german composer to hate juice. ah,

the rice mazique target took place in may 1938 in dusseldorf. it was a showcase of german music in national socialism. but the event was also intended to disparage what party ideologists called degenerate music and art at mazique. ah, this was the title of a museum exhibition, put together by hunt severed of siegler, the director of the national theater in weimar. inspired by the degenerate art exhibition, he presented examples of music that he considered repellent. does fire and a gun she deciding how exactly was degenerate was a rather difficult task to generate art was art made by abstract artists or artists who distorted the human face. as mentioned, he could eat but se,

judy i and i don't sound like i just don't include them in their book. so those are you to kind of go must be a conflict with diana and i've never been. kitson was so what is degenerate music? festival siegler meant a turn or music music because he believed that triad was germanic and natural. come on a turn on music was jewish music. utterly music is to you dish. it became image, but i have a good hopefully to go to the and show that the i to another date i gave missed doctor's don't. donnelly did, and i don't want to visit with dr. al a did to gave you a good log into how many others you wouldn't honor should back up directly or receive with us or do you guys we are funny is that it was an abusive exhibition. replete with contradictions, not only jewish musicians were reviled non jewish ones were 2,

such as the austrian catholic composer, ants chronic, and his jazz opera, johnnie spirit of which is the, the main character, is a black man, a black jazz musician who said, uses a white one button and that was considered race development. i 1000 trend musicologist al, brush tooling is an expert on the nazi degenerate music exhibition. he's documented and annotated the material in a book i didn't booster says the cover that the degenerate music brush f as in boy as a symbol of degeneracy of degenerate music. i've taken a black jazz musician and an african american. his musica and portrayed him can as repulsively as possible pleased, abstruse died bulging, limps and earrings in ordering them. but also in a top hat and tails. fuck is you can't see the towels here and a big saxophone sucks reform. it's and the finishing touches star of david want him

hinder, gone to this reflects the nazi believed that the jews had masterminded the infiltration of jazz music into germany, jazz music, this was race mixing, par excellence science and the nazis is race mixing was degenerate and huffman mission trust mission, while for the nurses and act, ah, [000:00:00;00] ah

yeah, goes dutch owen. but take, i'm for adam. this good target, the spirit, and a firestone did, and not when i looked at it didn't budge out about if i pay a fairly nottingham wanted. acosta wanted a light come from the handful thing le speed, the 9th is infill need the model which must go undefined. it will not be found me. poor jacob would 1st consent to for hitler, the frequency ion and the birthday concerts for hitler were a fixture. and the annual national socialist calendar are crunch. massage on few of us could board like a fearless birthday on april 20th was an important event, carla, m. and it became the custom that the night before they would hold a birthday concert us is in the am for armed and we're going on. his keyboard starts consent. gov ah. in previous years, gerbils had tried to enlist foot wrangler for the birthday concerts, but he had excused himself on medical grounds. in 1942 gerbils triumph, he managed to coerce foot wrangler into performing with the berlin philharmonic.

ah ah, he had to come on from us and we can talk to my aunt, even before i knew what the occasion was, i wondered it was calling on there by and if you can just sent some things happening, which is really quite fascinating and was known as her practically forced to sit up and take notice of us once to day, the concert makes a huge impression on us. but i know it took place at a time of great unease and disquiet and stuck a foot. not the musical performance is outstanding in any case. some call it the concert of the millennium sizes as in yet 1000 concert. ah, he is a man with a conscience who chooses to suppress his conscience. ah, it was

a propaganda event entirely to the taste of yoseph gerbils and the maestro played along with the physician as it on the face he makes when he shaking hands volume's lot and said that he wiped off his hands afterwards, wished ahmad it was of so you do get a sense that something strange is taking place of willoughby. he was so sensitive, but he just told himself, do what needs to be done with us yet? but he delivered an interpretation of beethoven that evening. that was more

profound than maybe even. he realised, was defeated having never experienced those conditions. and so we'll have to judge, we have to of a moral line that tells us if something is right or wrong and kills is if somebody is good or bad, we have to say would, what would i have done in that situation? all my motives? what are the benefits to me? what are the, what are the detriments? am i under mortal threat? am i going to lose my life? if i don't conduct this concert, there it was birthday. and if the answer is no, if you're not going to be thrown into concentration camps, because you don't conduct the mind conducting o l m, you, she should, she, she had an answer. pretty instruments. i haven't highlands mandolin, missouri, one guitar. her record is a cello,

a cello weaver. we will mercy children or amateurs. you can't imagine what it was like. it wasn't an orchestra tracking or kister, wendy's, and on my don't ask me how she managed to make something out of it. that was acceptable. but if we'd been so terrible that it was unbearable, that would have been only aimed her fafsa. yeah. but, but i wonder, indignation. 2 ah, mother was a, was in her own right. an extraordinary violinist for a successful had established a really successful career for herself. a 19 twenties, 1930 europe. she also came from a very esteemed musical lineage. so her father arnold rose a. she had been there concert, master of the vienna philharmonic, and he had founded their rosy quartet. she was also the niece of gustavo marla.

ah, making sure that the orchestra was good keeping its quality up. was the best way that she could ensure the survival of the orchestra and its members. of course, we don't have any recordings of the orchestra, so it's difficult to know how they sounded, but probably less mediocre and less poor in quality than many of the other camp bands. zuba milan, candy, the germans addressed her as how all might have gone alma, even that was unheard of. we would don't, but she was fall line. she had a dignity that couldn't be acknowledged. he knew real.

ah, in the 19 thirty's, alma ro say lead a small women's orchestra called d. v, nevada maiden, the viennese waltzing girls, she was deported to outfits. be a canal in 1943. as an experienced director, she had to especially arrange the pieces for the camps orchestra. since the selection of musicians and instruments in the extermination camp was always down to charles who different i thompson brought by the jewish he, thor, sorry, had selected and prepared for being sent for germany. this territory was called effect and an lager and in a camp jar gone, it was also called canada canada because for europeans, those days,

canada was their land of plenty damn place of emigration. their land of milk and honey canada was just here in this direction. mm. ah ah. ready ah, she has a pharmacy to imagine the situation when the deportations begin at a out as you have to leave your home in a day or 2 hours, straight away, roosevelt, vice versa. what do you do? missouri, i do believe you're being re settled in east home. so what do you do antecedent you

to put on your best she lives issue it's you fact sure. 3 best outfits. and the thing that is most dear to little debussy harbor on an instrument is an instrument . be guys you play violin, you take your violin. if you play the flute, you take your flute as him, your collateral cat was so be back. an hour later became one of the wealthiest places in europe. i lose all the most valuable objects. people couldn't power wait occasion to bear canal. a cello, a violin. it was all very large and shallow negotiate of alice what me. ready i oh oh, the list for monday,

monday i was national. i remember strengths that you mentioned kind of fun. hello everyone in the side to make a note of dish. given dimension of one families in the morning after the morning, they have to wrap their chairs and instruments and they are were climbing for this little score, which is just an excellent main entrance. and they started to play the march of marchers which were well known they were military german music. 2 2 2 2 2 in counties and just just pretty much down to the

factories. and the same thing in the evening available in the idea was done. the number was to be correct. the same number of those who lead the camp had to be back in the even if somebody died getting to work usually was just murder. it's during the work i was unable to walk it herself because of the prisoner was beaten, was to be carried by the other prisoners, as this statistic were to be corrected. and when that's when that was over, we went back to the block and just devoured sheet music. we had to learn the repertoire because they were on a sunday. and so we sat down somewhere in the canton various places and played off for the amusement of the got to some amusement. the prison could also hear us. they didn't all react the same way, some it was an insult,

but i've also read that it allowed others to dream themselves out of that home if only for a few minutes. omen couldn't. tommy newton to own it. ringback ah, when i visited our shit, i knew that i wanted to see block 12 with the music block course. i remembered from grandma's book that had block was near the ramp where the selections took place and it was, as she's said, basically next to the fence. ah, me and i went and i spent some time. i mind

about that when you make up and come in. and i'm just going to come in these fun sounds. however, i listened. i can in alden, which is in the stand after commandant by uncles get hands to under hampton when, when he doesn't care that much cracked. that's dick is untouched on one jasmine on coming at being felt enlightened until him with a heightened downward look sorta sorta run has had enough of him not out of his in . right. ling right. fling prices from labeling for from coming. no, not on to that follow up with from him or the major part what's, let's say 2 to our right it left hand side as well. that was where they were

sitting and they were practicing am we may see the location of the building if it's still neighboring the camp. but it's also neighboring to day oh fans to the wire. and just behind the wire there was there unloading platform. so in the fog, when they were practicing still, as some people for on their platform, they could hear it and music is rough or can it was perfectly normal for someone higher up to come to our block and

demand to have something played for them. it was of order over soon i'll give you set up tommy lift. shakes this disease mid fall, shown in the sized man back to flower up in the canton block, seen in auschwitz, and up at ins, experimental machine, it still easier to define. this has been marked them in experimental you mounted mesh mansion to, to inflict as you wouldn't vanguard, a good conductor to. 2 mentioned king and sat on one and took one done an experiment from 1943 to 1945. joseph miller was a nurse as camp doctor at auschwitz buchanan. he was responsible for the murder of tens of thousands of people as it i wanted you to remember, we wanted to hear humans too. am i? right?

so i played it as fast as possible. i didn't look at the man just get ash, judge angle geisha goes viral. i wrote about it later because it's interesting to note that these people, people like melo, we're not an educator when you're building loiter, yvonne, he knew the piece is designed to day people ask me, how can you still play schuman not sure much. be that as, as brute say that silly. yeah. have you. how did you feel? yeah, i didn't feel anything. yes. hello, get out. ah ah, good. i didn't completely lose my identity. bad, say, get the cellist, not a cellist but the celestine. i was the only wine,

very lucky to look. ah, he shall after. yeah, but i conducted him by high for 18 years. i said i was very friendly with lord con wagner. his grandson wanted to happen, and he showed me on the score which measures brought a tear to the furies. i, i know the name aldehyde ah, by roy to host the wagner festival, every year. and during the nazi era, it was of utmost importance. since richard wagner was out of hitler's favorite composer, just let of i, she is not a 3rd, right. she's always eminent with fondness. gov and i don't think we should be permitted to separate his work from the history of its reception from impact and

ideology. god. if that's what people trying to do, they say, well, yes, hitler and all of that. that was terrible. good. but the music is divine. tim was he kissed good leash? yes. the music is divine about, sorry. but i am convinced that you can and may only be a lover of wagner and have a clear conscience. but if you're willing to confront that other aspect and truly grapple with it all does he started so confident to you via good written me to dina d. when antiques and in few o'clock that i think that's when as a chinese gotten on, hadn't he kind of focused on difficult didn't to impish madison what niemen had once that's true, no eagle out was to me, i do. oh wow. rica wagner's daughter in law benefit,

wagner began directing the by royal festival in 1930. ah, ah you by the arm cbo wagner, she and hitler just got along and were on the same page when it came to wagner. and by white glove, are you and they became close. friends doctors also was vina as that's from. but hitler also went to buy high because the wagner were like family to him. despite the family he never had either ost tied. it was his way of getting away from it all guns reached ish, desmond, it'll, and i do think it's important to acknowledge this part of hitler feed, the human dimension kite via but the terrible thing is that a man who was basically a failed artist and philistine gone mad, was able to plunge the entire world into chaos he got surveyed. it's called in vance sense. hitler might be closer to us today than we can't believe her. near as was flights ever leaps icon.

ah. masking guilty cool aunt was everything to him. eugene spoke about it constantly. i do, joseph. he was also a knowledgeable hog area. yeah, he needed to pieces. well, 3rd or 4th carbohol's kang wagner, used to tell me how he and his brother vaillant, had to sit by this fireplace right here and listen to hitler often late into the night. mm hm. asking the, the off business who and morgan stood. hitler's presence at the festival was also a political statement than one that was understood international artists like italian conductor arturo toscanini canceled their appearances. jewish artists

were no longer welcome but others were under touch. by 943. phil, him fought wrangler, had conducted at the festival, 6 times whitlock to touch bases, geography, one right, not the old. hitler had a habit of going backstage after a performance, which is unusual for a politician to as much. but that's why he felt like an artist among artists, and he liked act of honor. trisha artists were planted and honored that the fewer had come and spoken to them and shaking their hands and sank them and so forth, could devote. but they were enchanted. it's funny notation of eyes on one of these occasions it he ended up meeting foot banker such as i'm touching with fortress like a cold. ah

ah. oh not hard enough. i gotta tell you. oh me i i bought a truck 5. 0, gothic get stronger. ah, starting in 1940 the event and by royal became what the nazis now called the war festival. and wagner music became part of the war and propaganda machinery venue, straight rock. no voice was any fleet. wagner originally argued in favor of cancelling the festival because of the war which they done during the 1st walk, well, does white job. but hitler didn't want by boss extreme. hitler was determined by hoyt i saw as the grand foundation of the national socialist cultural project topic . and this was a matter of propaganda, for,

even though by then hitler himself hardly ever attend osby sprague, convers. since the start of the war, the wagner festival was financed by the nazi organization strength through joy. it was also responsible for recreational programs for the vamp. mm. this meant that the audience was almost exclusively soldiers live. classical music was also performed in factories to maintain military morale in out of item and has gotten better not you know, the back is still and it was on the part of the for the in escrow mine shaft casto, florida for and started on vac powers. and contact dr. dr. vill input wrangler. did i get that bad enough? i'm owner charquetta. you're here on that's my starting a 1st bill under the count wagner.

ah ah, ah! mazique does most merciful clam, often vermont emission with us cling into i what's important to understand is that this music serve the purpose of propaganda fund and not only the music itself but the framework under which it took place to dis mock. there certainly were people in the audience who attended and listened purely for the artistic enjoyment, despite the wars and escaped the grim reality of war time. however, briefly through music who seek and busied realities on ultimately these

performances suggested that music was simply another way to carry on much offer to bite us, even if the world was collapsing around the tendency inclusive would i ask, is enough to which was hulu . ah, to anna sites, indeed he finds which different items i can get. and doctor, i'm random at the doctor stop feeling if you buy them, pete guided the muslim, it is fatality. and back in fluffy, them to get the upper body. these will cover it in them. yes. then microsoft volume drop thing, the dodge sounds good. the elevator get don't one. which doesn't glad. missing us

move it. yeah. but i thought you could really oh no, i'm thankful when i had them. once august, i got on become a scientist, even typhoon not known soon a few. how can it be that as late as 1944, the funeral march from the gutter damn along was still being recorded in 1944. when all resources were supposed going toward what the regime called a total warn oscar and one. obviously the state must have had a reason to want to go ahead with these recordings until almost the bitter end thrusts from indian. i'm so vatican ah

ah. we know that they will orchestra's in most of the main concentration camps. data had its own orchestra's oxen, housing, books, involved and of course, in outfits. there was not one but 5 orchestra's just in the main camp complex. so we know that orchestra's were very much an integral part of camp life. who van classy does show piece. we were the show, a lot of, if someone say the red cross came to make sure auschwitz was truly just an ordinary camp, they didn't show them my gas chambers. they showed them awesome. because we look at relatively decent though is music. so it must all be fine gums of the whole thing was a colossal deception. colossal sri know?

yeah. i did. i'll be doing that with what i'm with you difficult when it's no ah ah, to those and start with the so called model ghetto model camp, sets her small fortress town outside of prague and was established by the nazis really to demonstrate to the world. what a fantastic life jews were living under nazi internment. ah, the nazis allowed a very fully fledged musical life to develop in the camp and very famous me,

those cultural activities and musical activities formed the basis for a large part of the propaganda film that was filmed there, the fury donates a town to the jews. this is very late, this is 1944. i mean it was no secret to anybody. for least the red cross. what was happening, what the, what the nazis were doing or the gates jewish people and, and since he and roma and homosexuals from and everybody else. so i don't know why they've been bothered by him. is phil. i mean most jews were killed by then anyway . ah, and of course, what happened to many of those musicians and many of us performers in the film, is that shortly after they had done the work, they too were placed on the transports that were sent off to ash mistaken.

ah, ah ah, it's part of the same mentality, but the idea that national socialism is a cultural phenomenon. and even among those that we are murdering, we still want them to make music. for us, we dish mentality. so perverse, it's almost beyond comprehension, but it is essential. it is integral to the way that the hitler gerbils kimbler state functions that music and the arts were to be used as part of the murder machine. rehearsals for

a holocaust memorial day concert in london. the grandson of anita alaska vall fish curated the program. simon vall, fish is also a cellist and a singer. a musical highlight of the concert is a requiem for the victims of theresienstadt or the composer susie. moreover, he wrote this in the 19 ninety's terrace and get direct him and she is check. she lives in prague and it brings him to contemporary time. the current composer, her reflections on the history. oh, me this.

oh oh okay. oh oh i oh, yeah. i can oh the me ah, to the bottom over using the from the video him as a sort of fuel line above which then the singer things are sort of kentoria. jewish was the dog prayer on top of it. so i'm seeing shema is basically the most

strongest. jewish brand there is above the very requiem. you know, i didn't choose to be born in the family and i certainly wouldn't somehow sally, the memory of victims of the holocaust to use that from iron billing as it were am . and i'm very sensitive about that at the same time it, it's such a part of my dna somehow that whatever i end up doing it, it plays a part in it with and she was just a very loving grandmother. she still is sooner she would come to every single concert that i ever did. i mean, from every school concert i am to today. oh

boy with community. thank you really? absolutely. did you understand everything or not everything you know about? it's asking too much of the understand everything. yeah. i mean when you get the time to do that, i know when when you put the whole thing with you, when did you do that? well, just in between nappies and yeah, i know. yeah. often talking outfits. i'm says don't responds no talk was invalid, read him today and funny rather than i found better than the sheet management. and after back up of nissan of elk picking get saw, that is in trial hoffman. fine line mood. this is in the fight off of this, getting

a dock enough. i'm there 7th of the vin in 1945, anita and ranada. alaska were liberated, but homeless and stateless. they had to stay in germany for months because no country would take in state las displaced persons immediately after the war. finally, they managed to emigrate to england where they were reunited with that older system . marianna london is where a neat alaska is 2nd life began. it was easier for her to speak to my generation than to her own children because at the time she was in her early mid twenty's starting a family starting a new life in a new language, she actively did not want to bring up that period of her life she felt that she wanted to am catch up on last time,

so she wanted to catch up on her cello studies and start her family and get on with her life. the cello that had saved her also brought her back to life and eat alaska via fish, is a cellist and founding member of the english chamber orchestra. she married pianist, peter via fish for almost 50 years. she didn't return to germany. in 1996, she wrote her memoir and became known as the jealous to vouch fits fit him, fort wranglers, stayed in germany until shortly before the end of the wall. there were opportunities for him to leave sooner. for example, in 1936 when he was offered the position of conductor of the new york philharmonic . is this yeah,

that is for what you have. you should shania dance and he finally took himself and his family to safety in switzerland. in february 1945 with after his d notification trial, he began performing again in 1947. for example, here at the south spoke festival in 1954. ah ah ah, let's look at it from a postal perspective. the musical life of germany had been so complicit in the crimes of the nazi regime that it never looked back. it never

cleansed itself. it never asked questions. they carry on as though nothing happened . because as far as, as music is concerned, nothing happened. ah never goes among you is a great man in germany. it's only i don't think people should presume to judge someone in a situation they can't even imagine your bomb. i don't blame fight wrangler for not leaving everything behind and going to america, where no one would have known who he was in america gregory's will guide me. is that so easy? is the solution? ah, is latisha was not as it's on dammit, we still haven't truly grappled with the question exactly how many jewish musicians were dismissed. political,

how big was the political influence or war people simply willing to be instrumental eyes with you. we still don't have answers to those questions. quite an awfully etson gave shredding scandal. i would ask him to see all these people. he suddenly disappeared to her. where did you think they went with fresh one as a man and what after the war? my mother told me that on the radio they often heard about what the allies had found in the concentration camps loud and fun. and he said to her, yes he is. we can never be happy again. day of the at nevi, therefore they hadn't this home fort wrangler died in november 1954 at the age of 68. his grave is in heidelberg and southwestern germany.

oh, [000:00:00;00] oh, oh. oh. in 2018 bernard alaska, half dressed, and a neat alaska vall fish were invited to the german parliament. a son, raphael vowed fish played the cello and knows it should be other skype robinson been before via by the go to them for latin conton fast. and kansas. yar on ish had to go to school and need a minor fuson of deutsch room to set mine, half of alice pasco jabbar wagner, and said no vizier. beneath i'd push gold,

should for fear feel yar. when each boy established half is done, i'm gift on the left. and just for gifted munsey phillips ah, i wouldn't have the fullest from others. yeah. i had my am is laska val fish a great deal heated the way she's able to talk about what happened in such a straightforward way. i liked her speech quite a lot of us because of and afterwards i wrote her to say i admired what she had to say. it is a clue to her connection to the culture reconciliation. her big heart, uveitis house. there's something very moving about that awful and music also had something to do with it. it's not even the time of i performed for that man. somehow it all goes to demonstrate the power of music. this is this intelligent

duffy dusty mazique. does it cost us? ah ah, desolate life is divided into parts alone. does hon. hell and ordinary life, or dizzy and not see succeeded and destroying many friendly music. g, you can't destroy back to discuss what you can try, but it's impossible. we own movie. oh, i hm.

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cache and nicoli, felicia explored germany. they dive in and they check everything out. there's a lot going on in about germany, tried and tested with in 30 minutes on d. w for the star of species conservation, the panda. but what about animals that are less cuddly? they often find themselves on the sidelines. researchers want to change all that and call for more courage to be ugly. with step aside with, in 60 minutes on the w. o.

ah, she's got a sister thought say what crazy people are going to get all the harvesters. are immigrants going if they come in, everything you enjoy, eating at home with your family, was harvested by people who are being exploited. then i guess we're going to need to, we can keep doing what we're doing for that. we need to be commit sustainable as possible, and that's why i agree revolution absolutely necessary. europe revealed to future is being determined now, how documentary theories will show you how people,

companies and countries are we thinking everything i'm making may to change? we don't do something our children won't be able to enjoy fresh air review this week on d w ah ah, this is dw news line from berlin. a break through the you and climate summit in egypt. negotiators there reach a potential deal to create a fund to compensate countries bearing the brunt of climate change. if approved by delegates,