a, the dana's capital really i 2 hours on d, w. i, she's got any issues or thoughts, they will grey, you will be able to speak with ah, how was it possible that the whole of the german musical profession and

establishment turned overnight into nazi collaborators? 4th thing, none of fords. engler gave us 1st class performances that are still admired today. building the house are full and it was the folks that then for all bar gone down in auschwitz, 1 may have half the vienna philharmonic city. it's part of the german culture, jewish prisoners performing mozart and schumann and beethoven for their german god denazi's, the nazis succeeded in destroying many things. but music, you can't destroy that up. what law you can try that. it's impossible, hulu.

mm mm. yes, bush, anita alaska. and her daughter, she couldn't us but as long as she asked them concert, that sounds like belling barrison come us out with

yeah, we haven't our plot. we suddenly heard an announcement in english of english to cherish michigan. no, i can't remember exactly how it went, but it said we were supposed to stay where we were with when the british came, they had no idea what they would find. they thought they were liberating a prisoner camera, but this wasn't a prison. can't. it was a pit of corpses and elation. goober laughlin was mr. kyle, for a lot longer to time, is in the indian others as lava mentioned. he wants me to this boy mentions from cell from boy glen is missed because of him and had ross agatha vasa i, yvonne, get on a vassar dimensions in for north or to flew is not gonna come. a hardin from the

garage door. leap to be live your free. remind you about switch, pete, but for some it was too late to resume. that's how it was. it was indescribable. food suddenly we were alive. no. and he can change that. you've probably heard timble beast description of bell since ivan from elson was unimaginable image over an acre of ground, lay dead and dying people. you could not see which was which, except perhaps by a convulsive movement or the last quiver of, aside from a living skeleton too weak to move. this day at belgium was the most horrible of my life. that can come in and have a good reason. you haven't not the correct you have i have

a smart lawyer kind of, you know, kind of land kind of maybe come in to when i get a chance i'm billed for minute rest as a video of my talking to a british soldier and another 3 guy walking back to the campus and i got to glove on. it's been a fat to me to speak to mr. manish. best price in half length. haven't fun to listen to the family but the guns because right after the session or not makers, i remember i was sitting somewhere and someone told me there was a jeep or something from the b, b, c. they want to interview people and that i should go over in the car with my 1st encounter with a microphone. with michel fulton, dimas, make sure he should have been depleting and published,

and i looked at the very miss thousands of shame that happened to ben jacobs when dimension for lack of rock high reading over barker. that's what it was marked music up in the course of doing what i always somehow knew that in my mind the cello saved my grandmother's life. so that was always somehow in the atmosphere of the family story. me ah,

still spectrum. he claims spaces for i am of that in house. the was she's up to speed that was common yet dying mother use bonham's wish to absent, doesn't zeal. after the 2nd world war, german conductor vill him fort wagner's career was also on the brink of ruin. the victorious past saw him as hitler's pet. maestro, he was banned from performing and in 1946 was brought before a di, nuts, vacation tribunal ford wrangler faced. uncomfortable questions? was he a nazi? did he bear any guilt? why hadn't he left germany in

1947, the tribunal classified fort wrangler. as a follower, a category that carried no penalty. he soon began performing again with the berlin philharmonic and his return to the stage was a great success. ah

. home food wrangler was born in berlin, in 1886. his musical career took off at an early age of 20. he was already conducting symphony orchestras. this is so important to us, is he so powerful? and i say this as some one in the same profession. i gotta keep, it doesn't get better than that. he thinks sometimes i think if someone can conduct like that, then maybe i should just pack up and quit. that's not really a nice feeling. listening to fort wrangler elicits everything from profound exhilaration to the sense of being completely insignificance and powerless. guns klein mock last food. ah

ah salvage shunned us. i do believe something emanated from him. something extraordinary under that transcended the music. something deeply human at 1st and then when he stepped on to the stage, you had this sudden sense of rat sighing then and actually inhabited 2 separate well responded 58. ah, he's unquestionably a genius of the musician. but he is part of the german people and he has no particular sympathy with the victims. on the contrary, the only person or people that fought frankly feels any pity for is full. he says the occupied germans,

the way we are suffering no under under the under the occupation of foreign armies . the way they are making me suffer, ah ah! in the early 19 thirty's, germany was considered the land of music with a rich tapestry of sounds like music, jazz, classical music, i'm contemporary compositions were all very popular. this musical diversity ended when the national socialists came to power in january 1933. the new rights chancellor adolf hitler took control of parliament within weeks and appointed himself the fewer. and he also set the tone for the nation's music because, but the music of careers produced by during poker through the window and others

breaking his did ask him weird b b. what does he have been? it's been getting to this, i'd been 1st puddled with reagan. ah fine deep sighed little boy and the nazi seized power in 1933. they immediately launched a series of what have become known as wild purges the fact that does few to oh, of gwinnett. because of those purges and because of the intense and frequent violence on the streets and even in concert halls, many people in the music profession left germany at this very early stage was a tire also to escape persecution for last not known in 444 been florence with as minister of public enlightenment and propaganda. joseph goebbels was responsible for music and culture in the nazi stage . soon after the nazis came to pass, established the right chamber of culture which included the rice chamber of music.

membership was compulsory for anyone in the field. and so these institutions allowed gerbils to control german cultural life. and the allocated posts and titles to his office of choice is that even the amount of dominant dependent i didn't come on the country up that even even if depth, if you look at i could do a comma, it done video i was the come up soon but i didn't them and i, i was like, don't go they just out to meet lead on the leaded yard that's and i am was iep collector, start that dr. lambert dangler. as vice president of the right chamber of music. phil, him, ford wrangler, was turned from an un political artist to a political figure. he also received the honorary title of prussian state counselor . foot wrangler was so important to the nazis that they put him on the list of god

began arbiten artists that were gifted by god. ah, was it called testy, deutsche music was considered the most german form of art hosta asked at spoke directly from the racial sold because it was so important. the state invested a great deal of money and it went on. they believed music shaped the racial soul of the puzzle with didn't just have an educational quality. it shake, the racial essence of the nation and mission were built in san rason plague. oh,

the nazis could say, we are a cultural nation. we are a cultural people. you couldn't possibly suspect that we're doing something that was on cultural. this is our justification. we are a nation of culture. and culture is our cover. ah, new ah, it's you know, they was driving for global recognition, greatness and national pride. when music became so intertwined with race, everything the derived from a foreign race had to be eliminated. aussies for oscar,

she, indian ah . dan and duchess data and induction and a died ship best and go to sleep and died for building the const and a dudgeon was eagle, down indulging onto the up we are eager on, spoke about the i van. it's gave the pain to move it got you didn't ask him good. will go to a label to design the can validate into feel that they would be the lead and let them know that you can't them it. glenfield, a leak bottom. yeah, i think i was happy ever kind asked glen glen gather, said we can spectacularly replace these jewish musicians. we don't need them musica oft bells and i believe they did even in germany. yeah, most government box is taught staple asagwa and deutschland

teresa around 300 kilometers east of the rise capital berlin. today the city is called broad swath and belongs to poland. anita alaska was born here to a german jewish family in july 19. 25 is almost an august i care for what was at the time a fairly ordinary family was eager and for her just let us know. marley music was just normal, which heightened before my days were the days before little had televisions. we played music at home. my mother was also a musician, so there was always music mississippi. and then for me, these though there's a photo of me sitting on the ground with a little broom, and a co me is and sheet music in front of me. and i'm pretending to play the cello to george. i'll be sharon billy, or my parents probably said, i think the child wants to play the cello. so they bought me

a very small one. and her auto, he says to auto. this was my 1st teacher. but then things became difficult and unlike them because as i grew older, i still wanted to play the cello, but there were no cello teachers left in bracelets who were willing to teach a jewish child and shallowly alarm in both order. and you to just kinda understand what i read to what's off recently and i went to the house for the to warehouse was who walked around the city to imagine the space center walked for help on both walked over and over the university. and you think this was a really concert director, german jewish family. they're unsafe, they were safe until suddenly done. com, dizzy to as soon as monday night bellinger shrieked out was i was sent to berlin,

where there was still a jewish cello teacher who would teach me as records that was shortly before the 9th of november. so i was in berlin at the time when i had cello lessons with les or hostile for 6 months. luckily, i dunked easy. zix. mona gave me something i could draw on hold just not a yard when he shouted you and then came crystal knocked the night of broken glasses, did he? coastal enough to him. my mother called and said, i should come home straight away the horse. at that moment everything changed his way and we realised there was no place for us. but unfortunately, it was too late letters to sh pete. ah, who? wishin noise in the midst of the stock. oh,

nice shun among the war by ina right love to food. she knew without an issue, but he reached up without ludmilla hold off. oh, my god. oh oh oh. the fascination of foot wrangler begins with that with the way that he conducted the way to communicated with musicians. the ways we communicated with audience. and there was nothing like it at the time. but every major conductor, since certainly every major conduct alive to day has had to absorb something new footprint in order to achieve what they want to do as musicians. escalon zone absolute,

it sounded so completely spontaneous and his freedom with temper radiated such amazing simplicity. of course you had to submit yourself to his well is i know visitor, i am good, wasn't just vertical by this law right up and down there because he's conducting was often very elastic with a great sense of natural mother. you had the sense that he was composing the music while conducting if company is very as t o as was cap sheesh, niemen diaz. there was no single person who could have been more of an embodiment of german music. if you want to call it that than foot bangla, he was the head of germany's most important orchestra's, the berlin philharmonic and the shots capella morning. and he performed his co repertoire there in a way that was ground breaking and influential sign can repertoire, is it does or steal mutant. ah,

don't. he looked as an us higher. there was something quite different about it in like a free or darker. not as luminous, st. billing t, and yet very powerful. without will you know her while make of i tastes it had the force of convictions hoping scarlet. ah, ah, ah. f back a ways talked about g m, the namesake. there might have been something a little bit too much about it, but it was important to him and so was staying in jeremy. can't blame it. blame none, but his permission changed back to the deutsch rules. lincoln what a person she'd come into bertram or he can finish brian payne, from winch one of them. you gotta switch out, your bookish them ain't but ah,

come a hustling feel. so came from a family where conversation revolved around things of great beauty and michelangelo . he talked about michelangelo so he was extremely knowledgeable about olsby as of art, but art and only ara asking and when it came to politics. wow. yeah. ah, let us be. what's our position? this one foot wrangler, what wrangler was convinced that politics and art were 2 entirely separate entities? winters and that because music embodies eternal values in a sense and transcends day to day politics. it was obvious that music had to be free of political influence. and does he a disobedient of cries i most franconi, to shine fullest norman propaganda minister,

gerbils sought power under control. even in the arts, this made the berlin philharmonic orchestra all the more important to him. in 1933, the privately run ensemble was in financial difficulty. gerbils nationalized the film and turned it into the right orchestra, saving the jobs of the musicians. but there were for jewish musicians among them, including concertmaster, shimon goldberg as this, but in few fan yahoo! the com, you know, that in these 4 cases, the musicians were subjected to increasing pressure in order for their contracts were simply not extended. so to see them, they were all pushed out of the orchestra by 1935 at the latest orchestra. perfumed vill home fort wrangler backed the musicians, but the pressure from the regime was too great. sheeman gold bag and the other jewish musicians of the berlin film on it left germany to escape the nazi

dictatorship dom band. but i'm bad but i'm it out. but i don't on that i'd be glad i get right into it. it's in huh. bye bye. ah. in 1934 foot fang that stood up for composer. pol hinder mit who symphony motus there mala he planned to perform with the berlin philharmonic. what followed was a power struggle with gerbils who forbade the concert. the nazis found hinder. mits, modern style of music, unacceptable. and foot wrangler, who had made his one stand against the regime on this thing on this one, on this item in the village fil a volley program, never had another confrontation with the regime. they simply stared him down and he was too afraid for his position. an ad for his personal interests ever again to

stand up to gerbils, let alone take. ah. under pressure from the nazis foot wrangler, came to a decision. he stepped down as leader of the berlin philharmonic conductor of the stage opera and vice president of the right chamber of music ah, governs, manipulates him in an almost faustine fashion. and the relationship between for to england girls is very much the falsity and relationship that's our, her easy green when the fact is, he stayed there and participated in his own way. me through music was because ah, by spring 1935 viewed him, fort wrangler, was back on stage,

conducting the berlin philharmonic. he was rehabilitated and once again celebrated by audiences and high ranking nazis. ah. and so he makes his pat with the devil. this is the deal. he stays in germany. he doesn't make waves. he conducts for the nazis wherever they want him to conduct. he conducts in front of a huge swastika. he is morally degenerate. ah ah huh .

when the nazis came to power, in 1933, germany had around 65000000 inhabitants. about half a 1000000 of whom were german jews, a so called non ariens. they were dismissed from the workforce. almost all german jewish musicians lost their jobs even extend happen. even very few people had the financial means to emigrate them, but it was a hugely expensive undertaking. by few invest not. and many people also identified with germany when that arch land deal was where they lived and worked many for decades. and they identified very strongly with that one session and fox if dr. amin, and if it's your time, ah, in 1933 unemployed, jewish artists established the co tobin deutsch. are you

a cultural association of german jews? it was a kind of self help organization that enabled jewish musicians to continue performing with their own orchestra's and ensembles. alongside berlin, munich was a hub of this cultural life to settle santo nissan coolant asked us as the interesting thing about these cultural associations, was that for a long time, some form of jewish cultural life continued to exist in nazi germany, which of course, it was kept entirely separate and under the firm control of the nazis or but it did make it possible for jews to perform works that were drawn from the german musical tradition, while at the same time renegotiating their jewish identity, excited quantity of interest in 2010, nor fonder. ah, to you, if it's a shorter ne, cause i this is still where the main shopping area is today. no. how's the uncall

fingers crossed out? he worked here and i'm from and on this side street until 1938. that's where the main synagogue was, where major symphony concerts took place and concerned about this was a start from ah, in that one that had been ned, so hope to know and right by the main synagogue, there were at least 2 jewish music shops. where until the mid 19 thirty's, you could still buy recordings by jewish artists, often con to them and one par stross and, and just a few streets further on pulmonologist processed on you'd find the palais points. yeah. which hosted smaller concerts for the jewish cultural association to your just include all instructor from non o d. g e booked as union deportations. didn't start an earnest until $942.00. it's known. that's why unfit. c

o d d. but as you and on guns for she had mentioned each one was different, some people was snatched from the st. paul, in our case, all parents received and left at telling them to report somewhere within 24 hours. that only my parents, not me, your renata is dead witnessed you not to and of course we wanted to go with our parents represent the in retrospect, i think i know what my father did. he told us he'd go to the gestapo and ask for permission. we lived nearby. wonder aloud, miss fog, looking back, i suspect that my father went outside, walked around the block a time or 2 and returned the book and then simply told us they didn't give us permission to go with them. he buys and walter gets out. i can still hear his wise words. he said to where we are going, you will join us soon enough. yeah. and we survived, and they didn't. that's how it was, too about us. yeah. after the deportation of their parents,

anita alaska, and her sister renata was sent to a jewish orphanage in breast law. they worked with forced laborers in a paper factory. it was here that they helped french prisoners of war to escape with forged documents. they were discovered and put on trial for pressure shooting. i'm put says criminals were sent to trial juice were murdered, ties. so we were actually lucky to be in prison for about a year. yeah. in giving not sent straight to outfits. nina houses cuz she to really so yes, what is the one miss anguish? beth manish less devoted to that i and her fiancee or thought, i'm at. i van defaming photo. now i'm the 3rd round back. the mountains favorite enough water valve, the constant, hard to one flavor out with dignity, bad down the prisons were over crowded. oakland jews were taking up space. so they sent me to ash that's been yoshika. she called cabinet. i didn't serve my phone,

sent him to live. i even wondered if i would have to make amends for that. when i returned to germany, he managed off an up gazette rabbit damage was the one that was i should be doing it as i. then we knew what our ships meant. his mom, we went there to be murdered to his of the us. it was clear, this was the n station called him alice, others as well, but everything always happens differently from what you expect. right into not i arrived at auschwitz at night. the next morning was the intake process and was not ogden. it was very different. the way i arrived at auschwitz and the way ordinary prisoners arrived, there should go on those huge transports. there was always a selection committee who decided who would go to the gas chamber and who wouldn't tardy. i was cuz of the big garage it's got i was bad. that because there were only about 10 of us. we were criminal suited for breccia. his mission caught us dish

bottom. he didn't bring it in out its cushions in that one's unconfirmed. had mouth has yet, and hadn't any new mine arm i entered viet when darkish are foreigners of unfeeling, this is what happened next. our prisoners carried out the intake process. so this girl, a prisoner asked me, what's your name? where are you from? do you know how long the war will last? we were chatting like they thought i'd been outside, but of course i'd been in prison for dalton has come. she asked what i used to do and i said, i played a shallow gemacht. chuck shall august be untasted. fantastic. she said, there's an orchestra in stating that i was naked with a tooth brush. that was a great kindness. she put a tooth brush in my hand and said, stay here and wait abuse. and she fetched the orchestra director alma jose's regular ward hut, geek a pair my stolen, fontes, a capella gold, dust body,

al mosey was rare me guys that she was thrilled to help her. finally, she had a cello for the orchestra's gabino cellist but she had died. i'd arrive just at the right moment. fantastic company. that is if we had this peculiar conversation, i was naked alma jose asked me where and with whom i'd studied. she said i had to quarantine, but they'd come and get me soon. the doctor. and that's how i joined the orchestra, but we've already done both up and so virginia got political i imagine gone, you've up leaked up and now they gave me. um

i don't think there's anything militant or aggressive about his music. very good music. so i don't see wagner as being malign in the music that he composes. he isn't. he is a composer. he's trying to create great work. ah master. hm. for simeon emma is fascinating. is that this music completely absorbs you fairly, and that's the precise thing. it's also been accused of death lost money. ya for roughness was each feel softness, music appeared to coincide quite well with the ideology of national socialism. us what an adult hitler's worship of wagner was a driving force behind. i coughed, ah!

which had like not fancy, hellish. he doesn't wish that bag now was certainly aware music can express a state of mind of soul, but an actual opinion that something rather different minutiae. house van fried in the bavarian town or by raj, was once the home of richard wagner. to day it's a museum that recognizes wagner as both a composer of opera and author of political writings, such as the student tomb in their music, jewelry in music, wagner published the text in 1851st under a pseudonym. then again under his real name in 18. 69. i shot voc now var i'm slum and onto the meat. dust grew to understood carter shout

laguna was a raging anti semite. torno dust stirred in certain circles in germany. that was almost a matter of good manners in there was eagerness that was behind the essay about jews and musicians leash super gordon. it was an attempt to justify in historical terms why jews are incapable of producing authentic art. as also as our guy, the eigenvalues have no nation of their own. they can only imitate and impersonate actual culture and language harmon laugh if jews can't actually produce anything original or authentic. alice lists autumn to ashes. of course that rubbish doesn't really, but it's where a cultural and theoretical justification of anti semitism was born to appeal later . if you ask me to dance, the real scandal behind, wagner dust as i dishes scanned our lawn by wagner as isha kind of i have no particular connection to wagner. i'd never go to buy right. but that i've played

dizzy creed. it'll a 100 times. it's fantastic music. the man was a genius, a genius, greece, but he was loathsome route as april. sure fine, he was an anti semite, but he didn't need to write down all of that poisoned gift of time down. his anti semitism went a step too far as an am on disability was. it was like a breach in the all. it was like, it was respectable society. it was cultured society. it was a composer. the highest form of german bus is being a composer. it was a german composer saying it's all right to be anti semitic. actually, it's quite essential if you are a german composer to hate juice. ah .

the rice mazique target took place in may 1938 in dusseldorf. it was a showcase of german music in national socialism, but the event was also intended to disparage what party ideologists called degenerates music and art at mazique. ah. this was the title of a museum exhibition put together by hon. severed of siegler, the director of the national theater in weimar, inspired by the degenerate art exhibition, he presented examples of music that he considered repellent. the sky and the guns she deciding how exactly was degenerate was a rather difficult task. the general tart was all made by abstract artist or artist who distorted the human face. testamentary he does eat, but se, judy i and i don't sound like i just don't include them in their books. a lot of

the you to kind of guy must be a conflict with diana and i've never been. kitson was so what is degenerate music? festival siegler meant a turn on music music because he believed that triad was germanic and natural. come on, a turn on music was jewish music. utterly music is to you. dish is became image, but i have ruled on what you call it a fuck mental go. don't want to go to the and show that the i don't, i did. i gave him his doctors don't. donnelly did, and i don't want. good morning. this was the doctor analogy to gave you a good log into how many others you wouldn't honor to backup. do i clearly see for those? what do you guys we are funny is that it was an abusive exhibition. replete with contradictions. not only jewish musicians were reviled non jewish ones were 2,

such as the austrian catholic composer and chronic. and his jazz opera, johnny spirit of which is the, the main current is a black man, a black jazz musician who said uses a white one button and that was considered race development as hudson trend musicologist al, brush tooling is an expert on the nazi degenerate music exhibition he's documented and annotated the material in a book i'm going to boost this is the cover that the degenerate music brush f. as in boy as a symbol of degeneracy of degenerate music. they've taken a black jazz musician and african american, is musica and portrayed him can as repulsively as possible pleased, abstruse died bulging, limps and earrings in ordering them, but also in a top hat and tails. fuck, you can't see the towels here and a big saxophone sucks. reform it's and the finishing touches star of david want him

hinder god. this reflects the nazi belief that the jews had masterminded the infiltration of jazz music into germany. jazz music, this was race mixing, par excellence science and the nazis is race mixing was degenerate and huffman mission trust mission while for the nurses and asked it, ah, your goals, not johnson, but blake. and for adam, this giblets target, the spirit,

and a firestone did. and not when i looked at it didn't budge, are bad peptide, us, melina philharmonic orchestra, was that a light come from behind foot bigler. speed the 9th is infill need. the model, which was cool and divided by lute, defend me, poor jacob woodside conservative for hitler. the frequency ein and the birthday concerts for hitler were a fixture in the annual national socialist calendar. our current massage on foolscap would suck. a fearless birthday on april 20th was an important event, carla, m. and it became the custom that the night before they would hold a birthday concert, thus is in my am 4 armed and so been on his keyboard starts consent. gov ah, in previous years girdles had tried to enlist foot wrangler for the birthday concerts, but he had excused himself on medical grounds. in 1942 gerbils triumphed in managed to coerce foot wrangler into performing with the berlin philharmonic. ah

ah! he had to come on thomas and vacant toughness my own ship even before i knew what the occasion was, i wondered it was calling on there by if you can just sent some things happening, which is really quite fascinating, is known as are practically forced to sit up and take notice of us once today, the concert makes a huge impression on us, but handle it took place at a time of great unease and disquiet stucco. for not the musical performance is outstanding. in any case, some call it the concert of the millenniums heightened us as and yet 1000 good sir . ah, he is a man with a conscience who chooses to suppress his conscience. ah, it was a propaganda event entirely to the taste of yoseph gerbils and the maestro played

along with the physician as at them of the face he makes when he shaking hands speaks volumes . lord, it said that he wiped off his hands afterwards. his stomach was as so you do get a sense that something strange is taking place of would it be? he was so sensitive but he just told himself, do what needs to be done with us yet? but he delivered an interpretation of beethoven that evening that was more profound than maybe even he realised. but he's been having never

experienced those conditions. and so we have to judge, we have of a moral line that tells us if something is right or wrong and kills is if somebody is good or bad, we have to say would, what would i have done in that situation or my motives? what are the benefits to me? what are the, what is, what are the detriments? am i under mortal threat? am i going to lose my life? if i don't conduct this concert? very hitler's birthday. and if the answer is no, if you're not going to be thrown into concentration cup, because you don't conduct the mind conducting room, you, she should, she, she had an answer. pretty instruments i never highlands mandolin, missouri. one guitar record is a cello, a cello weaver. we were most children on our matters. you can't imagine what it was

like. it wasn't an orchestra. trackin or kister, wendy's and ah, my don't ask me how she managed to make something out of it. that was acceptable. but if we'd been so terrible that it was unbearable, that would have been only endo fafsa. yeah. but, but i wonder, indignation. 2 ah, mother was there was, in her own right, an extraordinary violinist for a successful, had established a really successful career for herself. 89201930 europe. she also came from a very esteemed musical lineage. so her father, on old rosie had been there concert, master of the vienna philharmonic, and he had founded their rosy quartet. she was also the niece of gustavo marla. ah,

making sure that the orchestra was good keeping its quality up. was the best way that she could ensure the survival of the orchestra and its members. of course, we don't have any recordings of the orchestra's as difficult to know how they sounded, but probably less mediocre and less poor in quality than many of the other camp bands. sewer, him, long run on the camp. the germans addressed her as how all might fill emma, even that was unheard of. we would don't, but she was fall line and she had a dignity that couldn't be acknowledged. he knew even, ah, in the 19 thirty's,

alma ro say lead a small women's orchestra called d. v, nevada maiden, the viennese waltzing girls, she was deported to outfits. birkenau in 1943. as an experience director, she had to especially arrange the pieces for the camps orchestra. since the selection of musicians and instruments in the extermination camp was always down to charles, who different i tulsa, brought by the jewish, he thought, were sorry, had selected and prepared for being sent for germany. this territory was called effect and on the lager and in a camp jar gone, it was also called canada canada because it for europeans, those days, canada was their land of plenty. dan place of emigration. their land of milk and

honey canada was just here in this direction. mm ah ah. ready ah, since he has a pharmacy to us, you imagine the situation when the deportations begin adult out as you have to leave your home in a day or 2 hours, straight away, roosevelt, vice versa. what do you do? yes, i do believe you are being re settled in east on. so what do you do? answer zaden. you had a quote on your best. she was insured. you fetch your 3 best outfits and the thing

that is most deities debussy harbor on an instrument is an instrument. it should be good if you play violin, you take your violin. if you play the flute, you take your flute as am your collateral. taft was so build back an hour later became one of the wealthiest places in europe. i lose all the most valuable objects . people couldn't part well, it came to be our canal, a cello, a violin. it was all very hard and shallow negate of alice. what me. ready i oh oh, the list for monday, monday i was motion,

i remember was the strength that you mentioned kind of fun. hello everyone in the side to pick a number of dish dimension of one families. in the morning after the morning, they have to drop their chairs and instruments and they are, were climbing for this little squire. would you stress next to the main entrance? and they started to play the march of marchers, which were well known they were military german music. 2 2 2 2 2 2 intelligent just pretty much down to the factories and the same thing in the evening, filled with the

idea was done, the number was to be correct. the same number of those who led the camp had to be back in the evening. if somebody died, getting to work usually will just murder it's during the work i was unable to walk it herself because of the prisoner was beaten was to be carried by the other prisoners as this statistic were to be corrected when, when the family, when that was over we went back to the block and just devoured sheet music. we had to learn the repertoire because they were on sundays. we sat down somewhere in the camp, 10 various places and played for the amusement of the got to some amusement. the prison could also hear us, they didn't all react the same way some it was an insult. ringback but i've also read that it allowed others to dream themselves. i'm sure that if only for

a few minutes, almost all men can come in no stone, it. ringback ringback ah, when i visited our ships, i knew that i wanted to see block 12 weather music. luckless, i remembered from grandma's book that had block was near the ramp where the selections took place and it was, as she's said, basically next to the fence. ah me and i went and i spent some time in mind about that when you make them come in. and i'm just going to come in these fun found shop

allison ivan in alden and was in a stand i asked and commandant my uncle to transport under hamper control. when is on all these, what is not yet that highest man rocked beth alto and he hasn't had pushed on you when he gets me on crumbling. it being paid to lighten untrue him. that right and damage latoria thought of runners. happiness of him not out of his in right links, right, flings crisis from labeling from from coming. now knock on to that foyer bit from him are the major part words, let's say 2 to our right. it left can site as well. that was where they were sitting and they were practicing am we may see the location of the building

if it's still neighboring the camp. but it's also neighboring to day oh fans to the wire. and just behind the wire there was there unloading platform. so in the fog, when they were practicing still, as some people for on their platform, they could hear the music it reform, it wasn't perfectly normal for someone higher up to come to our block, him demand to have something played for them or which of order only for her

and give you set up, tommy les, shakes this disease mid fall shown in the sized man back to flower and after the canton block, seen in our schmidt's and up it into experimental material, still easier to define the cycle maxima experimentally managed mesh mansion. so to inflict was, you wouldn't even got a good conductor to mention king and sam. what happened? took one done an experiment from 1943 to 1945. joseph miller was a nurse as camp doctor at auschwitz buchanan. he was responsible for the murder of tens of thousands of people there as they will need you to him. i wanted to hear humans too. am i? right? so i played it as fast as possible. i didn't look at the man just get ash,

judge annual geisha goes viral. i wrote about it later because it's interesting to note that these people, people like men, hello, we're not an educator. when you're building loiter barn, he knew the piece is designed to day people ask me, how can you still play schuman not through much better? does this brute say that silly? yeah, yeah. how did you feel? you? i didn't feel anything. yeah. get out. ah, ah . ah you good, i didn't completely lose my identity. bad say, get the cellist, not a cellist but the celestine. i was the only wine. very lucky isn't look.

ah, the i conducted him by hyde for 18 years. i said before i was very friendly with wharf kung wagner, his grandson, wanted to act and he showed me on the score which measures brought a tear to the furies. i know that i turned in all that mm. by reuters the wagner festival every year. and during the nazi era, it was of utmost importance. since reach out, wagner was out of hitler's favorite composer. just let of i. she was not a 3rd, right. she's always eminent with fogginess. gov. i don't think we should be permitted to separate his work from the history of its reception from impact and ideology. that's what people trying to do. they say, well, yes,

hitler and all of that. that was terrible. he's a good but the music is divine. tim was he is good leash. yes, the music is divine about, sorry, but i am convinced that you can and may only be a lover of wagner and have a clear conscience. but if you're willing to confront that other aspect and truly grapple with it, all does he started to call ford to you via good written me to dina d one and 2 weeks. i didn't feel out loud. and you know, as soon as the chinese different date on, hadn't he can dokie scientifically didn't to impish madison. what niemen at, once that's true now on eat lunch was to me i get that because i do. oh, wow. rico wagner's daughter in law, vinny fried wagner, began directing the by royal festival in 1930. ah,

ah, you by the arms even above ark, nor she and hitler just got along and were on the same page when it came to wagner . and by white glove up here and they became close friends. debach us also as we the as that's fun. but hitler also went to buy high because the wagner were like family to him disrupt the family. he never had a the ost tie. it was his way of getting away from it all for guns reached. it does one it'll and i do think it's important to acknowledge this part of hitler. b, the human dimension kite via the terrible thing is that a man who was basically a failed artist and philistine gone mad, was able to plunge the entire world into chaos. he gun surveyed his car in vance sense. hitler might be closer to us today than we can't believe her. near as was flights ever leaps icon. ah.

mosquitoes, decor art was everything to him usually spoke about it constantly. i do, joseph. he was also a knowledgeable hawk area near the pieces walter, north carbohol's kang wagner, used to tell me how he and his brother, vaillant had to sit by this. i place right here and listen to hitler often late into the night. 2 of them asking the the off brittany of when morgan stored hitler's presence at the festival was also a political statement. the one that was understood international artists like italian conductor arturo toscanini canceled their appearances. jewish artists will no longer welcome but others were un deterred by 1943. phil, him fought wrangler,

had conducted at the festival. 6 times. we'd like to touch bases, geography one hi doctor o. hitler had a habit of going backstage after a performance, which is unusual for a politician to as much, but that's why he felt like an artist among artists. and he liked that of on a tricia artists were planted and honored at the funeral, had come and spoken to them and shaking their hands and sank them. and so for him to get to work from the diver enchanted, it's funny notation of eyes. on one of these occasions he ended up meeting foot anger from his observation before take back a call. ah ah.

oh, not hard enough. i gotta tell you, oh me that i i really i'm, we're back and get rock. i. oh, i'll get the get stronger. ah, standing in 1940 the event and by royd became what the nazis now called the war festival. and wagner, music became part of the war and propaganda machinery finished great voc, no voice with any fleet. wagner originally argued in favor of cancelling the festival because of the war which they done during the 1st walk. well does white up . but hitler didn't want by boss extreme. hitler was determined that by hoyt, i saw, as the grand foundation of the national socialist cultural project tool. but this was a matter of propaganda for, even though by then hitler himself hardly ever attend our speech mega. com is since

the start of the war, the wagner festival was financed by the nazi organization strength through joy. it was also responsible for recreational programs for the vamp. mm. this meant that the audience was almost exclusively soldiers live. classical music was also performed in factories to maintain military morale in our by them. and of course, melina lee back is steve, and it was on the part of the for the anesco, mannschaft cafe, florida for an dotted line back powers in contact stats at dr. vill input wrangler did a yet? that's bad enough you'd. i'm owner charquetta. you're here i'm. that's my studying a force field under the count wagner. ah,

ah, ah. mazique does most my system clar muffin, vermont admission were to cling into i. what's important to understand is that this music serve the purpose of propaganda fund and not only the music itself but the framework under which it took place to dis mock. there certainly were people in the audience who attended and listened purely for the artistic enjoyment. despite the wars and escaped the grim reality of war time, however briefly through music who seek and bishop rarely touch, ultimately these performances suggested that music was simply another way to carry on much after to bite us,

even if the world was collapsing around the tendency inclusive would i ask, is enough to which was hulu ah, to anna sites in dirty fine, mixed upon allens, i can get an excellent, i'm runnin at the doctor thought he owns. if you buy them, he guided the mass ma'am, and is still tardy, and that's in fluffy. them to get the upper body. these will cover it up if that then microsoft volume thought thing that dodge sounds good, the elevator get. don't fun, mr. glad. businessman, city. yeah, i just thought you were truly una. i'm thankful when i had them. once i got your

psycho phone become assigned, even drivers are not known. so when a few, how can it be that as late as 1944, the funeral march from the got a demo hung was still being recorded? in 1944, when all resources were supposed going toward what the regime called a total warn oscar and one. obviously the state must have had a reason to want to go ahead with these recordings until almost the bitter end thrusts from indian. i'm so vatican ah ah,

we know that they will orchestra's in most of the main concentration camps. at dow had its own orchestra's oxen, housing, book involved and of course in outfits. there was not one but 5 orchestra's just in the main camp complex. so we know that orchestra's were very much an integral part of camp life who we ran crazy does show peace. we were the show slugs, or if someone say, the red cross came to make sure auschwitz was truly just an ordinary camp, they didn't show them my gas chambers. they showed them awesome because we look at relatively decent though his music. so it must all be fine. guns about the whole thing was a colossal deception. carrasco sri know i did i'll be doing it now

but i'm with maybe you difficult when it ah ah to this in stock was the so called model ghetto model camp said sir small fortress town outside of prague and was established by the nazis really to demonstrate to the world at what a fantastic life choose were living under nazi internment. ah, the nazis allowed a very fully fledged musical life to develop in the camp and very famous me those cultural activities and musical activities formed the basis for

a large part of the propaganda film that was filmed there, the fear, a donates a town to the jews this is very late, is 944. i mean it was no secret to anybody. for least the red cross. what was happening, what the what the nazis were doing. arm against jewish people and and sin t and roemer and homosexuals from everybody else. so i don't know why they even bothered him. his fil, i mean, most jews were killed by then. anyway. ah, and of course, what happened to many of those musicians and many of us performers in the film, is that shortly after they had done the work, they too were placed on the transports that were sent off to ash mistaken. ah ah ah, ah,

ah, it's part of the same mentality but of the idea that national socialism is a cultural phenomenon. and even among those that we are murdering, we still want them to make music. for us. with dish mentality is so perverse, it's almost beyond comprehension. but it is essential, it is integral to the way that the hitler gerbils kimbler state functioned the music and the arts were to be used as part of the murder machine. rehearsals for a holocaust memorial day concert in london. the grandson of

a neat alaska vowed fish curated the program. simon vall, fish is also a cellist and a singer. a musical highlight of the concert is a requiem for the victims of theresienstadt, or the composer susie bordeaux rover. he wrote this in the 1990s, tears and get direct him and she is check. she lives in prague and it brings into a contemporary time. the card composer, her reflections on the history. oh oh oh oh

oh oh i mean oh, to be brought up over uses in from the very rec him as a sort of feudal line above which than the singer sings a sort of kentoria jewish orthodox prayer on top of it. so i'm seeing shamar is i as basically the most strongest jewish crown there is above the very requiem

you know, i didn't choose to be born in his family and i certainly wouldn't thought, somehow, sally, the memory of victims of the holocaust to use that for my iron billing as it were. and i'm very sensitive about that at the same time. if it's such a part of my dna somehow that whatever i end up doing it, it pays a part in it. and she was just a very loving grandmother. she still is soon as she would come to every single concert that i ever did. i mean from every school concert i am to to, to day. oh boy with community. thank you. really?

absolutely. do you understand everything or not everything? no above. it's asking too much of the understand everything. yeah. i mean, when did you get the time to do that? i know when you put the whole thing with you, when did you do that? well, just in between nappies and yeah, i know. yeah. often taken out bits. i'm stressed on, responds no congress in read him to didn't funny. brought him to not feeling better than michigan management after back up a picture of a picky get 12 else is in trial hoffman. try 9 more. this isn't the fright off of his van dock. now, i'm fair 7th of those. in in

1945, anita and renata. alaska were liberated, but homeless and stateless. they had to stay in germany for months because no country would taken staplers displaced persons immediately after the war. finally, they managed to emigrate to england, where they were reunited with that older system. marianna london is where anita alaska's 2nd life began. it was easier for her to speak to my generation than to her own children because at the time she was in her early mid twenty's starting a family starting a new life in a new language, she actively did not want to bring up that period of her life she felt that she wanted to catch up on last time, so she wanted to catch up on her, tell her studies and start her family and get on with her life with the cello that

had saved her. also brought her back to life and eat alaska via fish, is a cellist and founding member of the english chamber orchestra. she married pianist paid to via fish for almost 50 years. she didn't return to germany. in 1996, she wrote her memoir and became known as the jealous of outfits. fit him, fort wrangler, stayed in germany until shortly before the end of the wall. there were opportunities for him to leave sooner. for example, in 1936 when he was offered the position of conductor of the new york philharmonic . is this yeah, that is what you have. you should to shania that's. and he finally took

himself and his family to safety in switzerland, in february 1945 with after his denotes, if occasion trial he began performing again in 1947. for example, here at the subs, vote festival in 1950 full the ah, let's look at it from a postal perspective. the musical license germany had been so complicit in the crimes of the nazi regime that he never looked back. it never cleansed itself. he never asked questions, they carry on as though nothing happened. because as far as music was concerned,

nothing happened. ah, lose your money. we had a great man in germany. i don't think people should presume to judge someone in a situation they can't even imagine. i don't blame for frank left and not leaving everything behind going to america, where no one would have known who he was on america ganga spoke. i meant is that so easy? oh, nice ah, in some dom it we still haven't truly grappled with the question exactly. how many jewish musicians were dismissed cheek, how big was the political influence, or were people simply willing to be instrumental entity?

we still don't have answers to those questions quite in the office. let's in the scandal. i would ask him to see all these people who suddenly disappeared. where did you think they went? this one as a man and what after the war, my mother told me that on the radio they often heard about what the allies had found in the concentration camps loud and fun. and he said to her, yes it is. we can never be happy again. dear that nevi, therefore they hadn't been home fort wrangler, died in november 1954. at the age of 68. his grave is in heidelberg and southwestern germany. oh, oh

oh oh. oh. in 2018 bernard alaska has pressed, and anita alaska via fish were invited to the german parliament. a son, raphael val fish played the challenge. oh and knows it should be under skype bouncing been before via by the go to them for lesson conton. fast and dancers yar on ish had to go to school and need a minute fuser of thoughts from whom to set mine. ha alice must go. jabar vargas. and send all these easy beneath i push gordon, she'll feel feel yar. what each boy established half is done. i am for an gift

on the left and display gifted munsey phillips. ah. and we'll know the fullest from us. yeah. i had my, i'm his last cabal fish, a great deal heated the way she's able to talk about what happened in such a straightforward way. i liked her speech quite a lot with us because and afterwards i wrote her to say i admired what she had to say. it is a clue to her connection to the culture for soon reconciliation, her big heart, uveitis house. there's something very moving about that. and music also had something to do with it. it's not even the time of i performed for that man. somehow it all goes to demonstrate the power of music. this sensation duffy dusty mazique. does it cost us? ah,

destiny. life is divided into parts alone. does hon. hell and ordinary life, or does he not see succeeded in destroying many friendly music? g you can't destroy back as in this couple. you can try, but it's impossible. we own mervis. oh, i hm. ah ah. 2 ah

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