exclusive, a symbol of power. rebellion and sensuality. wound by royalty and icons alike got their vision. you got this magic wand and brown's fo divorce guy with a colorful cultural history. secret weapon lipstick doth december 3rd on d. w. hermaphrodite, fish, homosexual birds, old pony amorous monkeys. humans are not the only animals with a mix of sexual preferences plus a birth control pill for men. is homeowner contraception for him finally on the way . and can artificially grow nerve tissue,

help phase out animal testing that and mo, coming up ah, hello, and welcome to tomorrow to day d. w. signs, paragraph animal testing experiments on mice have shown that penicillin fights off bacteria, a milestone in the development of antibiotics, or the pain and distress animals. sometimes experience in such tests poses an ethical dilemma. is it right to treat them this way? on top of that, not all the results can be transferred to humans, one to one. so researchers are looking for alternatives. problems with spinal disks are one of the main causes of back pain worldwide. pharmacists zip abroad is studying how to alleviate such pain by looking at how much pressure a spinal diskin was stand until it hurts. ah,

mid for so of it ali, mcgriff chi, we're trying to use all available possibilities including organ cultures and bio reactors to simulate as far as possible the in vivo situation, like in the human body or an animals body without conducting tests on animals, sierra, or any and d, f a. so a flock of avoiding animal testing is a top priority for the team, but they still need a real spinal disk for the stress test. so sybil, god uses a disk from a cow sourced from a butcher. her colleague extracted from a cows tail don't get any more, i'm not making morgan's free. we always go to the butcher very early in the morning just after the animals have been freshly slaughtered. that way the cells and the disk are still alive. you still have living tissue living disk cells and living bone cells, our labor, if no cuts,

and i hate them ability. this small piece of cartilage is placed in a container with a nutrient solution. as soon as the disk emits pain signals, they'll be recorded in the nutrients solution. now the disk is about to be tormented in a machine. this bio reactor was specially developed to exert mechanical pressure on bones and spinal disks. simulating the impact a spine is exposed to in the human body. they feel the octave is in with lift, the fire actors are useful to keep these movements under control, which is of course not really possible. an animal experiments look, but they're like many good. for this test to succeed outside a body, another scientists knowledge is needed. materials engineer itsyana said us provides the team with art really produced nerve tissue,

a new discovery. this tissue makes it possible to proved if a damaged disk also actually hurts because it's the nerves that triggered the feeling of pain in the brain don't generate ha, additional model. then you have to create the exact least basil architecture of deserves full to position the theft in a 3 d environment, the inner, i'd the position it sounds like science fiction. but to produce nerve cell tissue, you only need 2 components, a gel and nerve cells. so how does that turn into nerve tissue? did sienna saras has developed a machine, especially for the purpose sound waves make the cells begin to move. and while they do that, the scientist can arrange them in line with the architecture of tissue.

it is very exciting in my opinion because the it looked like to be a d. j in biology lab. the says need to be close one to the other. and then we are going to, through a very mild and very soft way for cells to form functioning neural tissue like in the human body. they need to communicate with each other. but how do you achieve that in a petri dish? the idea behind it is simple. the cells are 1st randomly distributed in a jo like nutrient rich liquid. busy in the state, the cells keep to themselves, they're too far apart to network with each other. and then the sound waves set the cells in motion within seconds, small clusters and groups are formed. only when the cells come into closer contact

. do they begin to interact naturally? it's the only way living tissue can develop and the artificially produced nerve tissue is indeed able to react to pain signals . meanwhile, the disk was subjected to pressure for almost 2 hours. was it enough to cause pain? we're about to find out zuba drug takes the nutrients solution that recorded the disks pain signals and combines it with the artificial nerve tissue others fast in year and deafened me. it is when i find fascinating as that with these organ cultures, we're simulating and understanding what happens in the human body into some kind of a fuss here. at 1st, it's not immediately clear whether pain was triggered in this spinal disc. but the

microscope brings more clarity, the artificial tissue is firing. in other words, it's reacting to pain signals. research with animal testing is carried out in many fields. also for the development of a birth control pill form in which is not yet on the market. to be effective, it would need to disrupt the normal hormonal balance. several play a role, d and r age signals, the brain to make the hormones l h, and f s h. these tell the testicles to produce sperm. anti starts to read. the brain then receives the signal that there's enough testosterone in circulation, and it doesn't need to produce any more for the time being. and that's exactly what research on the mail pill pest zeroed in on.

oh oh mono contraception for men could take the form of an injection of synthetic testosterone. it would do the work. the bodies own testosterone normally does like putting has on the chest and building strong muscles. but most importantly, it will tell the body to stop producing its own supply. the testicles would shut down. that would mean no more spam and no more of the bodies naturally occurring testosterone. but that would be fine as production would have been outsourced as it were. come this approach were and would man accept such a major intervention in their hormone balance. while corvettes come as a urologist and answers questions about sex and the body as doctor sex on take talk . kita has a he finished yon fool. i think it's a really good idea to introduce

a contraceptive pill for men and i get asked about a daily hospital. but he believes the success of such a product depends largely on its side effects. these will be influenced by how consistently the pillars taken not to centralize them on the sense, much against the money you might forget to take it, so end up changing the dose and then notice or reaction understand us and us. but the side effects it won't be serious anymore, kind of confusion, it's been trialed and a lot of men get along fine with testosterone derivative so late among the lines of citizens, testosterone. and it sounds promising, but unfortunately the male pill doesn't just contain testosterone. in order for the hormone t n r h canada trip and releasing hormone, and therefore spun production to be reliable, suppressed testosterone has to be combined with another hormone to ryan. it's known

mainly as a female woman and women. it's an efficient g on our h blocker, but there is a catch the progestin, an artificial form of progesterone and the female pill, because as a range of side effects from the good news is that in men, a combination of testosterone and progesterone, administered as an injection is asked reliable a form of contraception as the female birth control pill, 90 percent of man in a large w h o study conducted 10 years ago tolerated at well and said they would use it about is 10 percent of men experience side effects including weight gain loss of libido and depression. in response to these findings, the w h o pulled the plug on the largest ever study on male birth control,

which prompted the pharmaceutical industry to withdraw completely from research and development. even though the birth control pill that women have been taking for over 60 years produces similar side effects. but now you s b such as a picking up where the w h o left off at the university of washington, stephanie page and her team a taking a closer look at what causes the male pills side effects. among other things they discovered that pre justin's have some problematic properties the projections are more complicated and harder to study in man i'm they are likely responsible for ah, weight gain when we see it. i and also may have an impact on wooed, similar to what we see with women. the research is therefore tried out

a novel progestin who's mastering they adjusted the quantity of testosterone and improved its performance rather than an implant to injection, they made the product available as a shout that men can apply to their shoulders every day. the this product is being tested in couples to determine how effective it is at preventing pregnancy. about $400.00 couples are being enrolled across the globe. we expect that the results of that study will be available in a couple of years. the jell still has some side effects. we have had a few men who had changes in mood or changes in their sex drive. but this is a minority of the participants. and actually many of the men and their partners who have finished the trial would use the joe again,

if they were given the opportunity. so we feel like that's really encouraging. why not leave couples to decide for themselves? which of them will use a contraceptive in 5 to 10 years from now? that could be both the pill for women under jell for men. and if that happens, that would finally be a fair distribution of risk between men and women and opportunities and incentives to develop of a contraceptive methods. 3. hm . contraception is also used in zeus here a female hippo gets her hilbrick heads. but males also have to do their part. when it comes to contraception. thankfully they get to keep their horns and tusks. after all, they are there to impress, prospective hardness, like humans,

animals to say a range of nasal references. ah ah, their classic loaners for most of the year squirrels forage for food on their own, marking their territory with the scent, glance on their paws. ah, finding food is never given a challenge. their mating habits are well adapted to most years squirrels may twice . so if there's too little food for offspring in the winter, they get a 2nd chance lou o these australian flat nose bats live in a harem. normally, bats don't enter into long term relationships. and here one male is regularly with several females. the advantage is that why the females hunt for food the males guard the offspring in

a type of kindergarten chimpanzees live in large families of up to 80 animals in humans, this might be called poly amory. there are no fixed pair relationships and the group males go hunting together and defend their territory together. and even the alpha males of the group don't make more often is that a disadvantage the men can visit thought or thought, because the males made with several females and the females with several miles. the males don't know which offspring of their own thumbs. so foger hot thus fish and ponds and as a result, many the male chimpanzees are friendly to all the young which minimizes the risk of one of them being killed. let's get some fun out. that's easy. cold air and you care true tone. so diverse sexual contact can actually increase

a group's chances of survival. oh, this breeding penguin is a male, and so is his partner. such penguin pairings sometimes attract attention ensues, but they're actually nothing out of the ordinary. homosexual couples are especially common amongst birds. male flamingoes have been observed stealing eggs to incubate them together. giraffes have more same sex contacts than heterosexual ones. it's similar for cows and other domesticated animal species. why? some ins as was it was i think so ella, at eagle upgrade on the one hand, it's probably a reaction to sexual arousal. and on the other hand, the whole thing has a learning effect. ya. with some species initial attempts at rearing the young sometimes failed,

such as with nest building or so they then also have the chance to practice it and my student fairly recently, scientists discovered that many female albatrosses pair up research suggests the birds are flexible about their choice of mate, and that it may depend on the situation. clown fish, on the other hand, are hermaphrodite. if the female dies, the largest male of the group changes its sex. because finding a suitable partner in the reef is difficult. changing sex ensures reproduction. but humans aren't the only animals to form nuclear families. gibbons, for instance, live in a close family unit consisting of parents and children. in the wild, they largely feed on fruit, which is sometimes abundant and sometimes scarce. larger groups can't nourish themselves off of one tree, while a small family can. animals,

mating habits often have evolutionary benefits. but what they are is, in some cases still a matter of speculation and an exciting subject of inquiry for scientists. if i will let is read why i now if you attend like every week we answer one of your questions. if there is something you've always wanted to know in my test, if we answer it on the show, you'll get a little surprise as a thank you. and just ask. today's question, comes from real helio gonzales. love us dida in mexico. do whale sharks. my great. then known as the gentle giants of the sea, the largest fish on the planet.

they like the warm and populate tropical and sub tropical royalties that we get to see them very rarely whale sharks feed on plankton. the filter feeders, they suck in some 6000 liters of water an hour filter out the food, and expel the accessible to with that goes they my great and such a food and congregate at particular hotspots. one of the best known as the niggley reef of western australia. whale sharks, my great her every spring when the choral spawn and vast quantities of eggs and coral spam attract crill and plankton. more than $400.00, while sharks come together annually for this lavish feast. the natural spectacle also attract snore clothes and divers, the mingling reef office,

one of the best opportunities to get up close to these giant creatures which grow up to 18 meters long. maybe while sharks as i relaxed, because they have the thickest skin in the animal kingdom and like the fingerprint . each whale shock has a unique pattern of spots and stripes to help identify the animals. a database was created with photos taken by divers and tourists called the wild book for whale shot, excuse me. the photos are analyzed by specially designed software originally developed for the hubble telescope and adopted for the new pappas stars in the night sky. and the markings on a whale shock formed similar patterns. the data shows that the number of whale shocks coming to mingling has grown over the years. i'm 2 out of 3 come,

has several times. satellite transmitters allow research as to track individual whale sharks, migration rates, and they offer new insights into the behavior of the still relatively mysterious giant fish. they migrate much further than we long thought. the current record is held by am this female well shock subtle from panama, and crossed the pacific ocean for 235 days, there was no sign of awe. presumably she been hidden away in the ocean depths before she finally returned to the surface. after a migration of more than 20000 kilometers in contrast, the zoo animals cannot travel far at all. so south,

faint stand. but mod, in zoom architect who tries to offer the animals, the landscape that is at least closer to their natural home. here in switzerland, xerox, the mere cats live together with 14 other animal species in a man made savannah for the area to at least come close to the canyon. wild plants had to be moved in fast will flash back to 20. 19 a savannah landscape is coming together here in switzerland at the zurich zoo. it will be the new home for giraffe rhinos and other savannah animals. do architect was bone gardener is in charge of it all. all the spanish install i'm when you, once you get to this point, it should be obvious that you are in africa. from here you can see the whole area.

you get your 1st view of the trees in the umbrella trees and the ridge trails long show in the background. you can see the rocky landscape a whole like you can see as far as the forest. although the zoo pod actually ends quite a bit before that, we made it look bigger than it deals. as a landscape architect was bombgardener has clear ideas about what the savannah should look like. but it also has to be sustainable and animal friendly. so all you said is do you always have a lot of animals in a small space with me? however, our savannah is 56000 square meters. the a coach t stuff in the star shop challenges creating green or even brown vegetation where the animals don't eat faster than the plants can grow? flown 7 dollars a place where the grass has a chance to grow back off the con nava. the vegetation for the do savannah is

being grown at a nearby nursery. and so rick, there cultivating over $80000.00 grass seedlings for the new compound. among them are various species of grass that have different properties and flowering times. the landscape architect likes to types in particular. ah, maxine, if you're going to see the most, you know, change this year is ms. come to scratch silliness. a chinese read off and next to it is the atlas this to a company that the mouth dos get east and it's the grass native to the african continent where it can be found in rocky areas in the atlas. mountains, as the name suggests, you always put a blame the whole thing that the grass is hardy and can survive our winters. it doesn't care if it's here or in africa. but you know, for the call own day, they looked great and it provides the tranquil, grassy landscape that we see here. it doesn't say it's without all personally,

i really like how they dance during the when mean danish really think it excuses. certainly calm vastness. yeah. i was offered in addition to the grasses, was lucia and his team have spent years growing umbrella trees for the zoo. the trees are typical for the savannah, and one species in particular has proven to be especially suitable. the black locust lead on a quote for the forum had more food sci fi. we looked at what was suitable in terms of shaping and made sure that they could reach a height of 6 meters in 7 or 8 years. storm hurt by then even a giraffe, can't reach the branches with its tongue. that way the trees remain intact, appreciate iga. i go to new york. the 2 months later, the landscape architect and the gardener mute. the work is almost done and back on track. and the last of 70 umbrella trees, it's been planted. 30 people there.

if bill that's good, always lower it slowly and hold the position after a year of hard work, the savannah is finally ready for its new inhabitants. by the way, the move was successful, the animals seemed to feel at home and they switched savannah some of even had offspring. and that's it for this edition of tomorrow to day. thanks for joining us . until next time. state curious. ah ah, ah, with

you. ah this train will take you to a sweet paradise. and if you could just mel it's delicious aroma. every year residents in region town bergen bait and construct

the largest gingerbread town in europe. in 30 minutes on d. w. moon, the buddha of bomb yan, destroyed by the taliban in 2001 shock waves around the world will history repeat itself the year after islamists took over afghanistan, attacking cultural heritage has been a tried strategy since the dawn of culture. fear is not unfounded. wishing kasha whites out, he's doing parts $21.00 in 60 minutes on d. w. ah. in the melting

reporter tracks down the arctics. major players with you see route begins a dangerous game. people overseas that yeah, we are here. we're patrolling area now, the cards are being re, shuffles, who has the best tattered russia, is a quite active economic in the arctic. if you see something that looked like james bond, it has to do with the military. it starts december 23rd on d, w. gonna look at they come in, not everything you enjoy, eating at home with your family, was harvested by people more being exploited if than i deal with that the, the green revolution is absolutely necessary. europe reveals the future thing determine. now, our documentary theories will show you how people,

companies and countries are we thinking everything lacking later changes? you'll have reviewed this week on d, w. d ah, ah, this is dw news live from berlin. fighting continues in ukraine's east as moscow's forces renew their assaults on the city of buck. mood. relentless artillery barrage is forcing residents to flee. there also coming up germany is making it easier for immigrants to get.