we're looking for a goal to give them any chance of progression to the last 16. it came an injury time and set off a wild celebration, but not for the 1st time in this tournament. the result of the all the game changed, the context of the camera and victory. so here's a look at the final standings in group g despite their last to cameron brazil top the group on goal difference, switzerland to take our portugal after qualified in 2nd place, while cameroon answer be a go home. they're watching dw news off. next, a documentary, looking at the mystery of the bitcoin block chains. creator, thanks for joining the world cup in for thomas. right. in sports, in terms of worship, in political terms, we are here for you with reports and background information about the football to

biggest everything you knew about the 2022 world cup on t w i i had an idea, an idea that just wouldn't let me go until i programmed it. my name is latasha na, camacho, you don't know me. not yet, but my invention will change your life. by linking all computers, our lives were digitalized reduced to a set of data that need only be collected and analyzed every word, every gesture,

every transaction. the internet was transformed from a window on to the world into a means of control. ooh, a new economy was emerging. we would be it's raw material. this new world would up and everything. our communications, our rights are privacy. in the era of self style promotion, privacy is a revolutionary act. regardless of whether there is something to hide or not. privacy is not secrecy. a private matter is something you don't want the world to know. a secret is something you don't want anybody to know. privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world. freedom. with the growth of the internet, it became necessary for everyone to have access to strong encryption. cryptography is the art of scrambling information to make it unintelligible except to those that have the right key to unscramble. and so governments form their

opinion about cryptography as a consequence of how pivotal it was to the outcome of world war 2. the government regarded it as a munition and restricted its export. the cipher punks, a group of activists in the, in the san francisco bay area were quite interested in promoting strong encryption . for us cipher punks, freedom is non negotiable, it tops everything. freedom is our struggle. eric hughes said it in his manifesto, back in 1993 privacy is necessary for an open society in the electronic gauge. we cannot expect government corporations or other large, faceless organizations to grant us privacy out of their beneficence. cyberpunk, right code. we know that someone has to write software to defend privacy, and since we can't get privacy, unless we all do, we're going to write it. say,

believe that true human expression is really only possible when you can protect your anonymity. out of this movement came many attempts to recreate various fundamental institutions of society using the complex mathematics of cryptographic systems. so things like voting systems, digital communications systems that enabled very strong privacy sir for pumps were a group of individuals who felt their cryptography could enable new human freedom. that freedom to communicate in the freedom to send money. and there were many different versions or ideas behind like digital cash. i've got to send something from my mom's birthday. well then book plane tickets for a trip next week. and my kids gotta go to the library to look up dinosaurs. a we can take care of all that before we go. yeah. all right. oh, we'll america,

line america online can do all that. if you can control people's money, you can control every aspect of their life. if you can surveil people's money, then you know everything you need to know about them. of your mom's nice flowers, i do is click on market place. we place an order, and so easy. all you do is point click america online, a new way to use your computer to communicate, have fun, and get instant views and information. a giant virtual supermarket, that's what the internet promised us. but we saw something quite different. says he presented him in fatal and distrust it the traditional financial system for some time. they've been working on peer to peer currency for decades because the internet made inflammation accessible to everyone. hutchison from astronomy on it, but no suitable currency, no global universal currency exists without essential bank. i think that was a drawback. it yet homage control trade and you control freedom

as the internet became a huge platform for trade, it needed a currency anonymous. counterfeit proof with no middle man, but there was an issue double spending. the gobble spending problem is this idea that digital information is easy to copy. and if you have a form of digital albany, how can you keep track of that money and make sure it's only spent once now with physical paper money. when you give it to someone, you no longer have it. but in the digital realm, you can give someone a copy of something digital, a perfect copy that is indistinguishable from the original and still keep the original. now there are 2 copies. what if you then give it to someone else again on the internet, everything can be duplicated infinitely. solving the double spending problem would

help prevent fraud on the net. copy and paste could no longer be an option without it online commerce would be impossible to technology long. it was a complex technical problem, that's why it took decades to solve. bitcoin is the result of decades of intensive research and ideology of freedom and a desire for secure payments. banker at io is the individuals who had built precursors to bitcoin. but his precursors hadn't been successfully. if you think of it of bitcoin as a, as a new species of money, these species died on the operating table. they never really made it out of the lab . and so with a cipher pumps wanted to create a digital cash, but they had no idea how money worked. they knew how cryptography worked, but they very had very poor understanding of economics, monetary policy and money. so she did sometimes the solution appeared to be within my grasp. other times it appeared entirely out of reach. the stock market is now down 21 percent. it was the worst day on wall street since the crash of 1987 as

could be the most serious recession in decades. what started in america last year has now spread every part of the world. the financial world collapsed. it's instruments, its rules, the creation of wealth, all one big fiction. a web of lies and opaque algorithms. the opposite of what i had been working on for years and opened universal, well ordered mathematical world. the bitcoin code haunted me day and night. lehman brothers had just collapsed there. been massive bailouts. it was a huge, huge, super stressful time period in the world. and finally, the time had come, it worked. cryptography had cracked, double spending, absolute transparency, guaranteed anonymity, bitcoin was ready. so she 1st sure the big white paper with the cryptography mailing list, which is comprised of decipher bonds,

october 31st 2008 is when he releases the white paper. and so she waited for that exact moment because it sounded like he had completed big point a little bit before that and was waiting for the peak moment of despair in the financial markets to press the send button. a technical scientific paper that described in just over 8 pages in beautiful detail, very concise, the very clearly the primary technical ideas of big coin. the 1st people had heard about the coin typically scoffed at it they, they thought it was a joke, really didn't think it was going to work. few months later he released the code in the genesis block. he has a headline from the times u. k. chancellor, on the verge of 2nd bail out for banks. so he's very much, this is a very aggressive stance anti bank in anti central banking, the anti government. in his writings he goes,

the core roots of the problem with money is it requires trust to make it all work. we must trust the banks. we must trust the merchant processors. we must trust the central banks and he goes a big coin we remove that needed element of trust. required network wasn't in a state of too much testing for that long time. it was in a state of like very active development and in production. cipher punks, right. code that it isn't just enough to talk about it. you have to go implemented institution very much fit that where he goes, ok, i want to go make this happen. i'm going to go released this to the world. i like the idea of writing software and releasing it and the software, it changes the facts on the ground. it's politically easier to, to bring about these changes if the software is already deployed. it makes it harder to make the software illegal if it's available everywhere. in

the program was launched. i had one a victory against the banks against state power who i had to be careful in the early days. i had a few allies, but it was a mind field. a handful of disciples does not make an army. bitcoin was easy, prey. mccoy certainly wasn't 100 percent. perfect right off the bat. there are a few bugs, few flaws from network perspective. it very easily could have been crushed by you know, a really motivated attacker. but luckily that didn't happen. i think most people dismiss because in governments included dismiss quite as silly money for, for a long time. and most government still do what is the value of

a new currency. it was value to what it cost to produce it. $1.00 for $1500.00 bit coins trust with then follow great. 20102011. there is a few otc markets where people would essentially on the forums and be like, hey, i'm showing $10000.00 bitcoin in someone. cool by for $10.00 ship. i just knew immediately become a currency and it's still not clearly a currency. the move on to me, it's just becoming a currency. not because the government says at some point, it's a currency. but because more and more people are using it as a currency community lazlow put out a message on the forums, the big coin, talk for him and said, hey, i'd like to buy a pizza for 10000 decoy. and someone said, sure, oh, send me your address and i'll send you a pizza and you can super coin the very 1st purchase was pizza,

not drugs or weapons. bitcoin could be used as a very ordinary currency in everyday life, autonomously and without a regulatory authority. that was the 1st ever. i paid the big coin transaction, supposedly the 1st over transaction for value after a very expensive pizza. to quote was in moody aaron's. he is based on the trust of its users to drop in as soon as you're quote was, is the trust based on the actual eliminate that each we trust. current government currencies ask because they're issued by the state auditor because we pay our taxes with them said my name is doug, shout you. the state guarantees a monopoly for the currency within its borders. if it's a new digital currencies or something completely new, they force us to question the very nature of money. cuz sacred, i'm gonna jiliana stars,

the founder of waking lynx has been put on inter polls most wanted let to night. in britain, julian sonjee is awaiting a rest by british police, but the wiggly eggs found a remains defiant, suggesting the u. s. is out to kill him tonight. assange isn't relenting, suggesting that if anything happens to him, all the remaining secret cables will be released to the world at once. governments quickly conquered the digital world invading by force and with warlike interests. wikileaks soon learned that revealing the secrets of the powerful can lead to punishment. i learned from the fate of assange, that there are a red lines that are better not crossed. drastic security measures became necessary . different governments around the world pressured paypal and visa, and other payment providers to sensor their transactions because wiki leaks was deemed dangerous for leaking information. so wiki riggs turned a bit coin,

which is permissional us as a way to accept donations. and i think that was another really cool testament to be crunch resiliency in use. case of permissions. my no one can take that money away from you and no one can stop it from being sent to you. it would have been nice to get this attention in any other context. wikileaks has kicked the hornets nest, and the swarm is headed towards us. we were right in the spotlights glare, much too early. you know, so she had created this new money and he was very much worried that they were kicking the horn as fast as how he put it a to earlier stage in the project. move immunized survivor government attack. he also, i think close to the time, started a question if he should be part of the project. and so, so she eventually disappeared. bitcoin had become the currency for those who wanted to remain unknown at all costs. you can get anything on the internet nowadays. cars, homes, and now lack tar heroin. this is silk road,

be anonymous market place. on the main page, they proudly and openly sell l. s. d marijuana and ecstasy. the coin is this thing that has no political bias. so it's this truly free permission. las network for storing and moving value and, and on my gallon t on these net plant, darby ashby, i'm not sure my dog who does not. they're not video grassy mooney viewing cba and an in sips, isn't it? is not anonymous. i'd rather see done in this section on the bitcoin register, the block chain is transparent and open for all to see if there is a court order because of possible criminal activity. this state can search the platform just like a bang. can you do any volleyball? they're allowed to uncover your identity and your finances, even a battleship. the virtual world is not an encapsulated parallel world. it is actually closely connected to our world. every digital action can touch, real life looks

on it, hostility will play yours was wonderful. nissan to hear you that he'd you aid young guy, she well, the exact concert space yet lamb i should say is julius smith. you know, he was a huge revelation to me that i could survive something even for an illegal use case, which meant that it's protocol must be really, really robust and sound. this is before i completely understood how it all worked. i did not create bitcoin to protect criminals. i wanted free and autonomy transactions and then still grow, drove up the value of one bitcoin to $30.00. that's when i decided to back away from the project. no more public posts. only a few private emails to bitcoin developers. i will only guide and advise that's all

. why did that? so she disappeared. i remember he disappeared after gavin anderson came back and said, hey, i just had a meeting with a cia they wanted to talk to me about what been going is i got an e mail in april 2011 from gavin andresen, one of my programmers. he had accepted an invitation from the cia to talk about bitcoin such as she never wrote an email ever again. that was it. gavin knew nothing about me, not a thing, but i made a radical cut anyway. i didn't want to take any chances. i knew they would do anything to find me, but i knew they wouldn't succeed. the program didn't need me any more. it was stable enough to grow and fulfill its function for whatever purpose. i was

a little bit surprised that it happened so soon. i would have thought that he takes a bit more leadership in the project. i think the toe, she understood, and this is why he stayed sued anonymous. he knew that if there was a human behind the project, that that would always be a weakness lift jersey. but no one is responsible for true that makes bitcoin less vulnerable to attack that. so there is no one to prosecute, attack arrest or convict for finding bitcoin or for having power over bitcoin attribute go in the best, you know, i'll grab, no one has power over that coin ethan, the not even the founder to the because ah, then we'll just no settle, she's writings. we know that he is an english speaker. he uses some u. k. spellings for words, but he only does it twice. we know at times he posted on the mcclintock forum, what time zone he may live in chicago. he gets from austin. whenever so, and it's starting to be subtle she, they say no. so she can't be like that. but we don't actually know if she is a genius, he's boned to be

a little strange and not average. and he can change that to fuzzy. that's the extent of her knowledge. i'm not even your drug point thing about 64. you will during the toshi knock a modal emerged from a southern california home thursday and walked right into a frenzy hours after newsweek magazine claimed he was. the mystery man behind bitcoin the yes i was around in those times, but i was very annoyed with the news week newsweek research what news we did is they found a guy named patasha, aka moto and there like we found him still she wouldn't have chosen his real

name. and so they were literally looking for a john doe found john diddo and said that that was to she was very poor journalism because they went to his home. they kind of harassed this guy. and so he was put it under the spotlight and he was just a very quiet. he did. you didn't really want to be found. so it was a very uncomfortable position for him and very unethical on these weeks. part of the main reason on here is to clear my name that i have nothing to do with coin to do with developing i was just an engineer doing something else with

when the 1st transaction occurred, which was on 9 days into the big coin block chain citation camacho signs some amounts of big coin that they had minds and sent it to an address that we know belonged to. how funny, a computer scientist who was one of the 1st people interested in a big coin and communicating with the t ocean camacho how had built reusable proof of work if an adult so she components that enabled decline to be successful. so so she was asking for help in terms of people needed to help him get it all built in and help finance him and kind of instructed and so hell. and so she worked together and so she sent him the 1st over bitcoin transaction. only an autonomy system can be free and how understood this.

bitcoin isn't just a digital currency. it's a means to absolute independence. yet let me show you that one thing was revolutionary bond. it was determined in the spirit of absolute sovereignty on the costs of maintaining the systems and which would be made with the currency of the systems she stood. bitcoin is the new gold digital gold, black with gold, the quantity of bit coin is limited. like with gold, the more prospectors there are, the more difficult it is to find them. walks mining. it's, it's a big question. you know, it's an industry and it's a bit of a philosophy also. but most of all, it's like the, like the on a stone of spit, clint technology, it's a conscious system, right?

in the current system, you either own currency or you're sending it, that's pretty much all you do with currency, right? and how you would usually build that into a computer system is that you have a database, this database list like who owns how much money. and when someone wants to send money, you just change the database. but if you want to do it in a decentralized way like bitcoin does it all the participants in the between ecosystem store a copy of the same database. and when someone wants to make a transaction which has to change the database and he has to coordinate with everyone else to make sure that everyone agrees that this is a kind of okay thing to do is to pediatrician, to get more difficult to have you 20000 or 100000 computers to modify the database than to hack the computer on the single bank, bo care coordination to was all ready to send you a bit coin. i need to make a transaction when that this takes place in a transaction group and is done by bitcoin minus excel community. they combine

their computing power in a mining pool and generate a block off the tree. i'm look, y'all should seem no one to say the mine is can p to validate it. transaction blindness, the blower, this was extra the network kind of creates a very complex mathematical riddle that someone has to solve in order to progress the block chain to create a new block in the block chain. on that, i'd have to try all the combinations of pdfs. have a yes or a coin toss flipped. you'd have to throw tails 90 times in a row. that would be impossible and a lifetime of the yeah, that's why you have to repeat it. billions and billions of time this is not a complicated problem. so just as high material and energy costs. and i see that here is separate and whoever solves the problem 1st when and send you the discrepancy and they get bit claim. that's the motivation i it, he then says, hey, i one generation of the other say ok then validate the block. why was it like even

even the block is added to the chain? yes, that is how the transaction is validated and you get bitcoin from me. thank is was always looking at the big kind luck chain is the registry that recall it's liquid clench transactions. and it's been that way since the very 1st transaction, no vision, the more time passes, the more a transaction is secured by previous transactions. to modify one, you'd have to modify them all on thousands of computers. the system is not flawless, but almost to see some new mina mining is very important to ensure the security of the system here are situated no system. no one would address this much energy unless they were confident that all transactions in the block are legitimate doctor to naples. excellent, to be locked, can't be validated, unless all transactions are legitimate to see on the cost and effort. so it would be in vain. i'm here,

hazel is the minor would have invested money and energy that the for nothing pulls minute their finance share and there's a to, to their consulting. i trust the bit coin system, but i don't trust my neighbors and i don't trust them. miners, i don't trust the transactions that i see and i don't trust the blocks that i see. i verify everything. busy rather, my computer does and because everybody's verifying every body and because nobody trusts any body, we can all trust the ultimate results because it's been checked by so many thousands of computers because it's so difficult to tell a lie on the big coin network. so when it comes to guaranteeing the value of that coin, it is more sound than the gold standard. bitcoin does not depend on any one. it's supported by an entire network. there's no central bank, it's a transparent dispersed registry that can't be attacked. a system so widely distributed can't be stopped, can't be captured. it's a fortress. excessively desert lie,

a loss of competing packing. that's why mine is, invest in special hardware graphics, cod services, et cetera. people are worried that the clean mining is using too many natural resources and it's polluting the environment is disproportionately, of course, the right sure. it's using power. of course, it's not a free resource, but we have to see not only as a cost, but we have to see it as an investment. we'll, let's say spending all this power and energy on bitcoin. what are we getting? protecting privacy has a price, a high price crypto currency, opponents pretend not to know that the entire digital world lives at the expense of our planet. every virtual act leaves traces in the form of digital pollution. i'm not just talking about my program much if our life takes place on line. bitcoin is as useful as social networks and streaming services. and it will stay that way.

with that was a pretty wild year because from the start of the year to the end of the year before lunch from $10.00 to a 1000, which is a 100 fold returned. in january 2013, there was only a dozen of us who would show up to the big coin, meet up in san francisco, and then march, when the price it to $60.00. there was a 100 people and he was, is crazy. there is vcs ending out business cards, and we were like, oh, but it's been coin thing is becoming real. my disappearance had unleashed my creation. the value of bitcoin spiraled out of control. bitcoin became an extremely volatile speculative asset because of fluctuations in supply and demand. one day you could buy a pizza for one bitcoin. the next, you could buy a sports car, a bit to volatile for a currency. people talked about big point of view as congress. there's a lot of companies that raise money to go build products and services. the coin

hitting the $1000.00 really blue people's minds. it is, was like a new technology, a new, valuable money. of course, it's growing. right? well more people are hearing about it. the, the, the philosophy behind it. owning your own data and being against the banks. i had conceived bitcoin as a limited resource from the beginning. the amount that can be mind is fixed and decreases little by little one day the source will run dry. so she's brilliance was in the monetary policy he invented, you know, pure digital scarcity with the quins, 21000000 heart cap. there will only be $21000000.00. they'll never be more than ah, can it don't

joe says he's one of the richest people in the world and he's anonymous. i was rich and bitcoin my own currency, but i couldn't touch it because then the trust i had so painstakingly built up would be destroyed. you go, mr. is a big mystery. look, good. first 1000000 bitcoin ever created. have you ever been moved or nope, i was in the room, which is, which is in san for us for someone to build this as massively about valuable thing and not touch the money is a modern day prometheus a modern day st if you will. so got those unbelievable like something out of a novel or a movie. the feel of her to school this 1000000 weighed heavily on me. i could have used it to control the value of bitcoin and helped stabilize it by carefully buying and selling. i could have reclaimed my influence.

i don't think so. she's just going to move his bitcoin and say yo though, i'm just going to move it and see what happens when he can do as he can sign with his private key. he can sign a message letting everyone know that he is and what he will be doing with it. it is the only way bad if you are so tow she to verify that you are so toshi. this bitcoin 1000000 was the only way to prove i was subtle. she, if i used the money i would reveal myself, was now the time to i'm going to do this once. and once only i'm dying to come in front of the camera, was goose creek rights, confession could end years of speculation about a person who until now has gone by the name of a touchy knacker motel. and i will never ever be on a camera ever again. for any tv station or any media to support his claim,

the australian entrepreneur demonstrated he had access to blocks of big coins known to have been created in the early days of the digital cash system. i'm about to demonstrate assigning of message with the public key that is associated with the 1st transaction of done on the coin. disease people have someone who will be there prepared. he, he was told, jesse is been with us from the demonstration, was made to convince journalists not cryptology. additionally, maybe a little that's where it went wrong. so for the opportunities him knows no bounds. the pursuit of fame, vanity anonymity is the price of my freedom. anyone who claims to be the inventor of the coin is lying. some people will believe some people want and to tell you the truth. i don't really care. maybe i should rephrase

that. there have been some that claim to be the inventor, a bit coin, but they're not. i don't want money. i don't want fame. i don't want adoration, they're absolutely positively not. not the banner bitcoin. me . my absence created a powerful center around which big egos and wild imaginations gathered, which was the opposite of what i wanted. bitcoin should maintain its autonomy and peoples trust. at any cost. i had to force myself not to intervene despite the volatile price. my 1000000 had to stay just where it was. countless scammers were trying to take my place. they copied the bitcoin code. more and more crypto currencies appeared. each made their on claim. micro payment's, confidentiality,

automated transactions. the demand for new currencies exploded and it was just the start ah, people are looking at bitcoin, seeing how it's exploding and pricing to think off. you know, i really missed out on this one, but i should have, i should have bought in and then the looking for the next best opportunity to, to, to invest in something else to hopefully have the same price increase as with bitcoin and a ready for those guys are the old master more anonymous, more energy efficient. everyone wanted to create a new, better bitcoin and to replicate its meteoric price in the process. the total market value of all crypto currencies at the beginning of 2018, was $800000000000.00. 800000000000. with my bitcoin 1000000, i joined the top 50 richest people in the world. my net worth was 44th,

my virtual fortune. in 2017. and previously to that in 2014, we also saw the emergence of many other competing systems that are trying to capture the magic of this idea. and either are genuinely trying to make new things with its or in many cases are fraudulently trying to capture the enthusiasm without any substance of the head. immediate, immediate with bitcoin. you can't make thousands of transactions per 2nd talk on me because x and you can only plan transactions approximately to renew this is where other crypto currencies have. try to improve some promo as to do so, since they had to make concessions in the areas of security and complexity. because you can never have everything useful to deborah who i gave the world the weapons it needed to protect privacy. but in doing so, i also provided

a tool to those who wanted to tap into our data hungry for power. they use money as a means for absolute domination. privacy has to great enemies, the internet giants and governments. governments now are also proposing money from a digital central bank. these currencies would be issued centrally and based on debt, as they have forever. but there would be one difference. digitalization would rob cash of a key property anonymity. if you rode diesel to distinct entities, especially totalitarian states, who would love to have crew to currencies for more control over citizens privacy and the economy, local, quarterly, grimes, and attempts by democratic states in europe to create digital currencies. also have similar goals. i'm sure not to tell us here in control like in china yet, but they follow a similar logic mit their crime in logic simila. now

william, vermont, she or 100 plunder non payment method, becoming increasingly important in europe has long been used in asia, especially in china, paying by smartphone, almost all know them with their fees in the west where years facebook, whatsapp, separate online banking, online, newspapers, subscriptions, et cetera. it's not on the chinese model combines all of these tools, so it's all unified in the country. notorious will showing little respect for individual freedom to reduce quicken. this means that the state knows everything about people's lives. this is possible because everything is d materialized and has digital traces electron cause if it wasn't so cosmetic 20 excellent was from these digital traces are processed among other things in the social credit and not a point system based on information from the various apps to more chris is actually

based, partially on purchasing behavior from bottom under shop, but social rating has concrete effects and consumers. some things will be more expensive south central, who could the protocol tom's at our he very early on. but when you get to the airport, it might say you can't fly because he didn't pay a fine. you no longer would hon. glove well for them all eyes keep using these technical capabilities. full surveillance is a major threat to privacy and individual freedom for it's in there at the funds travino's. they are expanding their power at the expense of your privacy, your freedom, and ultra centralized, opaque traceable digital state currency that uses your data against you. that's precisely what cipher punks had always beard a nightmare. they are totalitarian society. what is surprising is that european

authorities and american authorities and japanese parties are also considering and in some cases, gleefully anticipating the eradication of cash. and the ability to do surveillance and control of all financial payments from every points to every points how totalitarian estate has become could now be determined by the maturity of its digital currency. i am not who you think i am not even close. i have carefully sketched a distorted, vague image, the opposite of my real self. i am 405060 years old. i am a woman, a man and artificial intelligence. i act alone or in a group. does it matter? bitcoin is collective by definition. it is the result of decades of research by

a wide variety of people. it's code has been run on tens, hundreds, thousands of computers. and even today, this is how the project continues to grow. that was, i'm going to 12 years ago, bitcoin was just a few people developing a program from a white paper over now that quinn is thousands of notes. mine is hundreds of thousands. even millions of bitcoin onis was, did you be going to shuttle and companies are investing in bitcoin? a lot has happened and the pace of development is still accelerating accident. let me assure you, this thing has not yet happens right now. it's difficult to use. it's complicated, it's understood by a tiny fraction of the human population and it will change the world's bitcoin is stateless. but behind it stands an army of computers, programmers, minors,

users. it's useless to cut the heads off the hydra. there are too many and they would always grow back. i am never, far away in some form under a different name. i continued to program. data protection is the cipher punks. mission bitcoin can can use to grow. it's a currency, but it's also a capital investment, repository of value and object of speculation. as soon as you understand it, it slips away again. i said toshi wanted to create an alternative to the banks to the states and the baseless mega companies. freedom has to be fought for over and over again. that's what we're fighting for. mm. mm. in

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ah, this is dw news lie from berlin, fighting continues and ukraine's east as moscow's forces renew their assault on the city of boston, looked relentless artillery barrage, its force residents to flee. also coming up after more than a year of taliban.