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i'm with division for me to sadden to say of my culture. ah, rising up to 53 meters tall. that was the largest standing buddhist statues in the world. testament to buddhism in the bombay young valley, the heart of afghanistan the sculptures survived for 1500 years, in spite of islam and its ban on icons. then came the taliban. amidst international protests, the figures were blown up, erasing a part of afghanistan's rich history that was more than 20 years ago. now that the taliban is back in power. no one knows what will happen to what remains of the

buddhist. some young, the trauma lingers. mancilla elemy was a child when the buddhist were blown up. as his family in afghanistan didn't have a television, he only saw the destruction lighter, but he knew the buddha statues. well. my father told me it is something that, that the as connection with religion, it is our culture is 3. i was hide entity as part of our identity and we should keep it. we should save it for future generations. some want to preserve culture, others want to destroy it. but why is this about ideology, religion or the power to raise and rewrite history? what to islam? a slight the taliban, all the terrorist islamic state group want? why were members of i? yes. turning the destruction of the ancient multicultural city of palmera into media production that infidels can watch on television. is it religious fanaticism,

or clever p r? excuse while we're using i frog. i'm sure it's definitely more about religious fanaticism than anything else. i want as and it is quite clearly about taking up space and marking territory. does that song from flesh and if there's money to be made from that or even better, i'm just, i'm okay because then you can use it to buy weapons. hamilton and kaufman the black market of antiquities, is flourishing. cultural property is valued world wide and it's protected. but why? what to cultural treasures, both alone and those of other countries mean to us in a room which may, if it's worth something to someone, but then it's worth protect agency rather security, right? because it's at a loss about our history, it gives a strength and can be an inspiration. so then, on soil nath from a record of pass cultures is also a good reminder that our own on a also power sunday. i went ahead

ah, we travel 3350 years back in time to an ancient culture. revolutionary pharaoh, i cannot and elevated the sun, god art and to the center of worship, thus upsetting the h to gyptian pantheon of god's art and represented by the disk of the son, protected the divine family, the pharaoh, his wife, nefertiti, and their daughters. here they all looked rather strange. i cannot and also revolutionize the art of portraiture. the distinctive elongated heads and not owed to any illness, as was previously thought, but reflect the new amana style. i cannot and broke radically with the past, he suppressed old colts. abolished the priesthood of amazon and made plenty of enemies as a result. when the pharaoh died after a 20 year reign his portraits were no longer wanted, and many were destroyed,

men hunters, an owncloud men, hunters, pima did not believe what this man had initiated. an image, so they actively wanted to oppose it a roast gig and use it tight or pony yeoman. and as i s as deliberately destroyed any images and relieves of pharaoh, i cannot anesur on our gift ashton lawman de spar or if not wanting to do it, they were probably only given the order to destroy any visible traces of the sparrow after leaving the capitol ha ha tele mana, boost hide o din befell attired to stewart must emma jo, wendy's. morocco seat? them it is that way he would disappear from the historiography of egyptian as once and for all defended. oh, the only female pharaoh did not fare any better. although hapchick suit was often portrayed with the ceremonial beard like her male peers, a woman pharaoh was too much to handle for her contemporaries. they raised her

image. this scandalous woman was not to be remembered. oh, hardship such teacher was also posthumously disgraced, guilty by association. his inscription was partially scratched off ah, the erasure of memory, with a religious all power political reasons is so common in history, that there is even a specific term for it. dumb nat geo memoria, censoring the memory of disagreeable predecessors. this practice was especially common in the roman empire. this panel painting to picks, emperor septimus zadvydas and his family. the missing face is that of his son, gator, who was murdered by his own brother, who then had his image, a raised dance, offered us money, images of certain personalities that were destroyed,

both statues and illustration, not almost apes, for example, that were done in such a way that i can see that something has been raised either side of it was virtually forbidden to talk about it. but every one could see agent i did as edith on the so it was a warning at the same time as for the fight. some one was not only made to be forgotten in a sense, but the forgetting itself is what was remembered in all the conundrum. if posterity still remembers the erasure of a person after a long time with a really forgotten or are they remembered even more for being a raised with paintings, it's usually clear who was a raised and why. but that's not the case with sculptures. how do we know whether the boss to this prussian ruler was deliberately wacked in the nose? or if it's simply fell off in museums, sculptures used to be given

a new nose and nose jobs so to speak. nowadays, they prefer to show the missing pieces on the face and to try to find explanations . the stinks of geisha is also missing its nose and research as a still trying to work out why. the creators of the cartoon series asterix apparently found the nose mystery. so intriguing that they decided to have their character overlooks accidentally break it off with the subtle message. don't have your nose in the air. ah, ah, ah, jokes aside this was a serious in egypt, where tampering with a statue was treated like a personal assault. either answered miss dar to her,

every statue was a kind of substitute body for the owner, the end which was either placed in the temple or in the 2 redoing and through a ritual known as the opening of the mouth. this statue was granted a kind of vitality back to her. i know at levens fe kite, so beautiful on vandy when its nose was broken off that the statue was deprived of its ability to breathe kite with her home, india and her. this would prevent the person that the statues symbolized from living in eternity. in desert tart hours, heard din taught gossip. hassan in de ab cut ah o dawn. even though greek statues were not quite as spirited, many of them are also missing paces. and it's often the most important part,

the head. it's evident that there has been a lot of modification, light, antique figures and imagery, a pagan gods, did not fit in with the rise of christianity. but heads were not the only things that rolled naked men were not welcoming christianity either. they're more delicate parts, were initially chiseled off later replaced by the famous lead leaf them on. yet fog light does, if you compare what happened in antiquity with what the taliban or the so called a stomach state of don t capacity, we don't have any images from the greek and roman antiquity that clearly show these pieces being desecrated, often or like the toppling of statues, for example, wash this or i know start one, chandel. i'm start when stored saw it was done manhattan. it was transcribed into literature. but it wasn't done for publicity lawsuits was eps dustin. and good notes of a kind of room shall kaiser hit. a roman emperor would never have promoted himself

as someone who had taught the statue of his predecessors. unforgiving osgood in the 1st major disputes of a religious iconography occurred during the buys, hunting empire were images of jesus mary and the saints aloud. and could they also be worshipped. many followers of the orthodox catholic faith, believe the icons, a powerful protectors, but 8th century emperors considered them blasphemous. the cross was the only thing that mattered to them. emperor constantine, the 5th, was also an iconoclast. he persecuted people who worshipped icons and had those icons destroyed a cultural struggle that flared up again 800 years later. a new iconoclasm sweat through european churches during the reformation. the new christian doctrine spread by martin luther was strictly against so called idolatry

. churches were looted as a result and thousands of paintings along with other mediaeval artworks winter in flames. galilee vilnash think i have the very strict calvinists in particular, had a very strong desire to assert the power in this way. after the advisor yamato for the month, ian now under the enforced ban of icons in such a way that was really destructive. to get a couple of guys and some tied a malvina of get the may. sometimes they also incited a crowd to participate in that which included looting or wagner's management. it must also be said that these iconoclasm at times had a pure financial motor lead. and because items could be sold for a profit, or if they were made of gold or silver melted down. many people regarded the churches wealth as a huge food and their god, especially the so called indulgence trade, where followers could secure their place in heaven with donations of

a certain amount which generated a lot of income for the catholic clergy. anger about the churches, pomp and power was directed towards these practices and it was difficult to control in some places. the great preacher, martin luther tried to pacify followers, but his influence did not reach across borders. iconoclasm raged in switzerland and later in england mm. mm hm. religion is not the only thing that incited feelings of hatred. politics did 2 in 1789 during the french revolution, protest as man the barricades for liberty and other rights. once again, statues were beheaded. this time those of absolution kings. but the fight for

freedom turned into chaos and brutal violence, not only against people, but against icons and art from the royal palaces. anything that represented the hated futile aristocracy. abbe gregoire a bishop and member of the national assembly, condemned all acts of extremism and vandalism. he asserted that cultural property should be protected, that it was good plague was he coin something that still influences us to day. namely, the idea of cultural heritage. as a man's older one should not destroy any preceding cultural monumentally comparable, even if they are connected to french king se, and because they are monuments of society as a whole thing. and because they were crafted by frenchmen, trucks inviting phone, francois shuffleboard. but even if they are connected with french king, of course, they are still monuments that represent cultural heritage. does i know where to go? and this idea that contemporary science, she can inherit something from an earlier culture, just runs through the language of cultural heritage crew to alba,

ah radical rethinking with an impact since the hague convention of 1954 cultural heritage sites have been defined as something of global value that must be protected. there are now more than $1150.00 world cultural and natural heritage sites. listen by unesco. iran alone has a particularly high number of cultural heritage sites. 24. not only is not shed johannes square and is for hon. one of the largest and most beautiful sites in the world. it's also a tourist magnet, but these sites came on to political 5 in 2019. often a rainy in general was assassinated by the u. s. military then president donald trump threatened to attack sites, important for a rainy and cold shut in case of retaliation. greta there was an unusual from it,

lo statements put him on the same level as the taliban. and i asked, in particular ones, which has been very destructive in recent years as element 3 on williams. this rhetoric approved this method as an element of warfare. and that's why we want the destruction of cultural heritage recognized as a war crime for by she is. and as school does more, that means that the u. n. and the international court can become resources to protect cultural heritage sites and prosecute crimes against them as crimes against humanity. stunning that all laughter and from worked in fact in 2016 the you and sentenced a member of an islamist terrorist script to 9 years in prison for the destruction of cultural heritage, the mausoleums and molly, in the desert city of tim buck too, was centuries old pilgrimage sites. there are also fears that cultural treasures could be destroyed in the cart war in ukraine, but there have been no targeted attack so far. fortunately,

most cultural heritage sites around the world have been spared destruction. but monuments continued to stir up emotions. it after the collapse of the soviet union, the fight of its monuments was called into question. especially the many statues of the socialist hero lennon, b, f, and g unveiled in what was then east berlin became a political issue after the fall of the wall. people in berlin were no longer so keen to have what they regarded to be an ideologically contaminated statue. but in 1991 to the regret of some who had lived in east berlin. the statue of lemon started to be dismantled. it was broken up into a $125.00 paces, which were then buried outside berlin. in his film, good by linen director volcano,

becca resurrected the communist revolutionary and had him fly through berlin like some angel of utopian allusion. as if saying farewell to socialism, a place to seal a finality on the fact that the better world linen had fought so hard for had never come to be back to reality. after much debate in 2015 lennon or at least his head was exude. the 3 and a half ton head found a new resting place in japan. dal citadel museum. after dodging initial flat from various authorities in west germans, who'd rather the socialist idol, stay buried. escobar political in there with electrical factors that argued against antonio. and as of that, some people worried that russia was no longer the soviet union of concerned with demand that the entire monument restored. others worried that backward looking for in the east germans make it a pilgrimage. and that could blow up into a big problem that's problematic, sign con. meanwhile, vandalism which

a protected species had taken up residence on the remnants of the ada. and so they had to be meticulously court by hannah, along with all that families before the pieces could be dug up. them picture of uncle before that was common van conduct. good ah, old heroes, defunct rulers and dictators. whether they're in latin america or in the arabic speaking world, they all received the same treatment rebels and syria toppled bashar al assad, father and predecessor on his behalf. in the countryside, a statue of hafez assad is also destroyed. the more severe the oppression, the more violent the retribution regime changes have often been celebrated by toppling monuments in you at 2 ah, the killing of a black man by police brutality, outraged millions,

and not just in the usa. the black lives matter movement targets racism and its historical legacy. the statues of confederate generals and the slavery they defended the monuments had to go ah, the same fate was install for the rediscover of america. christopher columbus re styled as a having of colonialism and target of heated emotional debate. history may be reevaluated, but the treatment of newly disgraced monuments remains the same out of sight, out of mind. ah, i left for healing vaguely all the decades of lobbying for a suitable hunting to be created for these monuments and public spaces and not just for them to be left standing or simply destroyed as also. and this can be

researched under tested, vested i have been swept away and he's been taught hired on that as a valid i could understand such a wave of rage taking shape. but personally, i feel bad in the pitch of my stomach whenever something like that is just destroyed to food and festa at her. oh, we'll shoot them on humans like this one to auto von. bismarck 1st chancellor of the german empire, he presided over the infamous berlin conference, but lay down regulations for carving of africa and the pacific into colonies. should he go the way of the confederate generals? no, said the artist, you wrote various and gold. instead, the statesman out of favor should don new college this summer. it took them 3 months of hard work to give the grand old white man a new paper mesh, a coat of many colors. ah,

i say let empties on the essentially i see a project as a kind of mediation with a rethinking takes place in people's minds. and we hope this temporary alteration will bring about such a rethinking fluid. we'll go quick monumental, you can say our project, monumental shadows is an intermediate stage. it has to be since once we're gone from, from the monuments will still be standing, there is always so it's not like we can pat ourselves on the back and say it was a job well done. or in any case, something more has to happen. so we're hoping for some discussion at least in because these are monuments to violence and thank me louder, given the art project has already led many viewers to see oh bismark with new eyes, he's colored out, his skin may not have exonerated him, but perhaps it still mystified him a little, this playful approach to this and of the colonial era monuments to come in. other countries tends to raise some more basic questions, less endless steady end because of the material qualities of paper. monumental shadows raises a question,

could do monuments really have to be meant for eternity as this? and if they're not for eternity, do we have to have this kind of thing at all of us? ha, can't we think along more temporary lines adding, have the art has become saviours who can show the way out of the historical cycle of toppling monuments, one after another long requisite m. as in the stand, artists have to deal with whatever society or government can't manage any other way on line. and that includes an artistic perspective, a monuments raising anti monuments are handling them some other way, but found that maybe with holograms or something, whatever. so it could also be something really exciting, interesting. i'm fine with creating something temporary that can be exciting to. i'm of the firm conviction that in a democracy it can be really wonderful to have so many different possibilities. and the more possibilities, the heart of the choice, the debate over the monument to freedom in unity for germany's re unification raged for nearly 15 years. do we need a monument at all? it's so where the result was this gigantic cecil or 11 there would or we're

getting along quite well without this monument target. and i think some day, many people will say we could have done just as well without it this mac human was the off the mac, you the permanent designation of a spot that you attribute some event to will live on. you form the form that recognition takes her softened a bit on it's no longer as figurative or marshall informed one and given our digitally dominated lives, it would be nice to have some kind of supplemental digital imagery that could in turn be changed some day. but the monument, it goes with it, and that marks the spot would remain unchanged, ill dares complete even in birmingham, not every one is willing to consign the empty space left by the buddhist statue to oblivion. but any attempt to restore them would cost millions of euro's money

desperately needed by the many starving afghans speaks for the restoration of cultural heritage wants destroyed our digital or 3 d printed solutions. the possibility, but who with these fate copies serve not the archaeologists. mansel alum, me, hopes the taliban will keep their promise and protect what remains of the buddha's they are saying that they're protecting her. nobody knows because i need them, they can change her mind and they do something day there is starting because now there are new and then didn't know how to do it, but we don't know what's happening in future. will the taliban preserve? cultural heritage mansel alchemy, isn't the only one with doubts. this makes the work of conservators even more essential the saved than of garrison. national are a nation is still alive when the culture is the life. so if you don't have culture, you are not, we are nothing. so if you see it, well, why this is the same be or nothing. this is our files. we should know what sales

process and what so towers. so culture, it's a part of our identity. it's international identity with

a pulse, a beginning of a story that moves us takes us along for the ride, his own about to perspective

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ah ah, this is dw used life from burly in russia, launchers ado brown of attacks on you crank. several people killed as me, solves no count power in numerous areas. the strikes come after explosions that add bases in russia, a show of solidarity and iran. she'll keep it, said truck drivers go on strike to.