a melting ice reporter tracks down the arctics. major players with you're told of there is russian warships and i'll let you guys ration o avenue guns for shadow. parks starts december 23rd on d. w. ah, with humanity mocked a mild, stormed recently when the global population hit 8000000000 on the presence of a lot more people on earth is a stream on nature,

as communities compete with wildlife for food, water, and space. but maybe consider the advantages of preserving animal habitats and the dangers we face. if we don't. hello and welcome to eco, india. i'm son of that. every day, there are fewer places left for why life to call home, even in places where they are emblematic of a whole region. big the northern indian state of the british for years, it's official bird. the sawdust screen has been under intense pressure. now an extensive outreach program that's put wetland conservation front and center with the local farming community is seeing population numbers take off. ah it's 6 am on monday morning. and farmers in the us either than ali and ged are looking for nesting, sawdust, greens. they are part of

a conservation organization and have been working to protect the clean population for over 10 years. cited screens are the only resident reading koreans in india and the world's tallest flying bird. knocked him yarn, sir darcy, licky. i get a torch in the night to check on the nest and eggs i protect them and make sure nobody hans these birds or tries to kill them. i take care of the tags and nest. so the birds are safe. i like their presence here. walter taylor sat sightings used to be dead even here in that radish which is home to nearly 70 percent of india solder screens. and in a decade ago, if farmer saw the birds on their farm land, they would shoot them away. take their eggs or even kill them.

rub comes our lil. i explained to other farmers that this is our state park. they don't cause us any harm. they don't eat much just a little to feed themselves, but there's no major lost to us out on the way, let them live in the redlands, and course their little colored will have one ransom. the red headed side of the screen, which is all of $150.00 centimeters stall, on average. usually nests in natural inland wetlands or in fatty fields where the tall ice crop ensure that its eggs remain protected. using straws and grass from their surroundings. the birds build bigness that can be 2 meters live. it's one reason why they're unpopular with farmers who worry their craft will be destroyed. the contract helps explain why the thought a screen is categorized as one of the booth on the international union for conservation of nature. lift off certain species, according to the w w,

f. they are now only 15 to 20000 inside a screens in india to date some of the biggest threats. and therefore, not surprisingly are because of the way in which human beings are using the landscape and how they change the use of the landscape. so in manipulation, for example, when right, and we was replaced by the cash crops. so you've been, we see that the number of claims that exist in, in that entire state in the area that had it, has it used quite a lot the cranes preferred habitat is that land depredation home to some, 2200 square meters of wetlands and area twice the size of hong kong. but now some of these valuable ecosystems are being destroyed to make way for so i feel, according to the non profit red lines international, india has lost one 3rd of natural vet land over the last decade. and if the lines disappear,

the green will do. i shall hussein from the vine life of india points out another problem. garbage problem. big sickle cell poly problem is that this very land was in its natural estate a few years ago. but in the meantime, it has been leave. the laser has converted the land into smaller bonds, as you see because he lives on a scope on scope neutral ship, which is currently several years ago. the vi life just of india launched a special conservation project to protect the greens habitat. those one of the names of the project is to register unprotected wetlands. as far as the wetlands conservation and management rules in order to protect them from exploitation. so far the project has a disturb 37 of the 51 identified wetlands in the region. meanwhile, a group of more than 151 and years act as far as mithras or friends of the

scientists, including cheddie, advocacy to denali. the local community has also invested in protecting the board and it's dad. as part of a state wide project, i'm going to culture galia was invited screens and indicate that also because if there are side of screens, it means there's water over at lance. and if there is water, then it's j b. so it's an indicator of agriculture. so we can with the local community to join us. and they did a lot of since 2013, more than 20000 pharma one and 2 years across 10 districts of these have joined the project. they made up regularly to monitor water quality in the wetlands from using testing kids. larry throeder, what is the check? the period we got them preacher oxygen levels are chlorine ammonia, fluoride, phosphorus, and hardness is okay. a little funky water tissue shifted. whether sani joined the

wetlands projects 8 years ago and has witnessed a change, not just in human behavior, but also in the cranes that isn't with them at other one. so the sarah screens aren't threatened here any more. they are still at risk from cheaters and jackals, but not from you. lambert, forth with him. since the 1st census in 2013, when 600 side of screens were accounted in easton, author produce a region where conservation efforts are still a relatively new development. the population has more than quadrupled. the sawdust green has also adapted. so the evidence seems to suggest that b cranes have learned to figure out that derek territory is, does not have enough support for 2 birds to feed the chicks. and so they need a 3rd part of the helper it's adaptive behavior or death to the resilience of the

bird and tanks to therefore to from growing number of dedicated volunteers. but halves, it won't be long before the cause of the thought a screen will be heard. more often. the fresh water boil muscle is a globally endangered species prized for their delicate gems. populations have been decimated by hunters, agriculture, and water pollution. conservationists in germany are working to boost their numbers . and as this next report from southern bavaria shows that can involve some pretty heavy machinery. restoring this stream, their pass, our in southern germany requires a 20 ton excavator, with a 150 horsepower. that sensing a stream runs 3 meadows before eventually feeding into the danube. one of the longest rivers in germany. biologist, marco done. it has been working in the region for several years,

many of the various waterways a badly degraded when i was a young man and give us op smith via this stretch of water has no structural variation. the i'm tunic, one of you can see that it's deborah doesn't very rise. the water flows at a uniform speed on and the bid consist of only sand and small pebbles were there aren't any larger stones or boulders on the gornstein in the face working for you. basically, there aren't any naturally occurring structures in the stream lead, provide variety, and help stabilize. the bed is longer logging into this. for decades, streams like this one were adjusted to suit agricultural needs. for example, by making sure the water float faster to make it easier to drain meadows and farm land in wet weather. canada almost on this sort of situation is not good for wildlife fringes because

a lack of structural diversity in nature. it leaves wild life with less scope to find a suitable habitat too. and so frankly, the excavator is helping to re introduce that structural diversity, distributing boulders, stones, and tree roots and leveling the banks. philly, i live latrevia, you get some ideal habitat. it's when the material that's being re introduced gets mixed with the fine of pebbles and big rocks if like this one that protect against stronger currently for stock restroom would have good crap contracting now. and then nature itself gives the restoration efforts an unexpected boost. here's a melissa beaver dam. we are obviously not the only ones trying to reshape the stream. michael aquatic plants, insects, fish, crayfish, they will return to the stream which was restored several years ago. but according to marco done it, there's still no sign of any fresh water po muscles. it's an endangered species and

nearly extinct due to harvesting and pollution. the muscles play a key role in the ecosystem because they help purify the water. they filter out tiny organic particles from the water. they taken this benefits of a species big and small, but also inhabit the waters. a perfect food chain. germany streams were once home to thriving, fresh water pole muscle populations. unless it is here soon. you can see the difference in size between a muscle that's at least 50 years old, and a young one that's about 8 years old from a breeding project. in recent years, they've both made their home here in the area. said, i need young. it's a housing if one can on captive breeding programs a currently the best way of boosting fresh water power muscle populations. since most river habitats a to degraded conditions in the breeding stations are ideal and the muscle can

flourish. the thick is then living through. the trick in the breeding program is to replicate the life cycle of the river pearl muscle, which is a bit complicated. it's got lockers, we keep mature muscles and wait for them to release their larvae into the water. the water in the crate then flows into the container with the host fish as well. the brook trout best flow from the river foot in the air from it. the nets were full in buffalo. hundreds of brook trout live in the tanks and they need the mussels to successfully complete their reproduction. fight with these, settling mcgill's for about 9 months before falling off. they're not yet ready to be released into the wild. they spent the next few years in boxes with water flowing through them in a stream next to the breeding station and a regularly monitored he hummed vis. yeah, good and wicked. these have developed well this and we'll be releasing them quite

soon. the next on the most important is the shell lang, shining. i should be about one and a half to 2 centimeters long, because then they've survived the critical juvenile stage, which i spend in the crevices in the gravel. and can then cope well with the conditions in the water and live in the rest as a consequence of it. but before that can happen, most streams need to be restored. and then muscle baths can play their part in repairing the ecosystem. staying under water and to an invisible problem that severely impacts why life in all of our oceans, under water noise. ever since the industrial revolution, human activity in and around marine embankments has lombardo the seas with salt. as we discovered, the effect of creatures, large and small is disorienting and destructive. 2 2 2 2

blue, the ocean is a symphony of sounds, at least where they can still be heard. we humans have made the sea noisier than ever before. and the way things are going, the underwater world is set to become one thing. even louder with devastating effects on marine life. oh, okay. to predator avoidance, a sense in their environment? so we're finding or is it actually let's explore some smart ways of turning down the volume in the ocean and find out why this might also be good for the climate o. underwater sound waves traveled extremely fast and up to thousands of kilometers. sound is essential for almost all marine

animals from wales to jelly, fish, animals you sound to communicate, to navigate and define mating partners or pray. but hearing what those creatures need to hear is getting increasingly difficult. summary life is currently exposed to noise levels. the can destroy their sense of hearing, literally render them deaf or kill them. it's like you're logging around in a fog. that's a pretty serious effect to for animals that depend on sound so much. so why are the oceans becoming so noisy? one factor is offshore wind farms and when energy is generally a good thing. but installing offshore turbines creates a great deal of noise in the north sea. it damage the hearing of porpoises driving them away from their feeding and breeding grounds. and perform entrance are

most likely exceed pilots and they have to drive into the steep it by hammering or impact pile driving. and this course on the water noise which is smallest, comparable s and stopping aircraft. the sounds emitted by the pile structural elements smashing into the sea floor travel several kilometers from the source. but help is on the way compressed air flowing through tubes on the ocean floor. round the piles create bubbles that rise to the surface, forming a tight insulation curtain. fewer sound waves managed to penetrate the barrier, leading to a 90 percent reduction in volume. this is how things sound without an air bubble curtain. and this is with an air bubble curtain challenging issues that if to, to lift with feel floor conditions, wind waves,

weather conditions, currents and so on. but thanks to ty, to regulations, the curtains are now almost standard for construction off germany's north sea coast . and interest is also picking up in the us, the netherlands, and taiwan implementing bubble curtains cost just one percent or less of the total investment for an offshore wind farm. the music loud we're going in. so wind turbines are one thing, but there's a bigger problem. container ships international shipping is by far the main source of noise pollution in our oceans. the culprit and the potential solution is the ship's propeller. domestic pressure cooker is worked by controlling the steam pressure inside them, pushing up the temperature at which water boils. the resulting higher heat means faster cooking. i ships, propeller the opposite happens, not with food,

but with water and effect called cavitation. so it, due to the fast motion of that propeller through the water. locally, the pressure is extremely low. so that ambient temperature, the water boils and creates the am bubbles, creates a vapor bubbles. and these bubbles grow. and these bubbles shrink and collapse. this generates noise levels comparable to a rock concert on dry land. the solution has the potential to be good news for the climate. and the profit margins of big shipping companies, essentially, fewer bubbles can mean lower fuel consumption. in 2017 denmark based mask retrofitted, the propellers and engines of 5 vessels, primarily to say fuel. but their sound emissions also dropped by 75 percent. this add on device improves the vessels flow and the water, which according to its maker means less cavitation and fuel savings of up to 8

percent. but installation isn't cheap. and shipping, firms are rarely obliged to make. the changes with cargo price is currently very high. they prefer to keep ships in operation rather than investing in a retrofit for many ships. that could be savings possible, especially due to the fact that each ship needs to go to drive dropping each say each a 4 to 5 years to incentivize ship operators. the port of vancouver has cut port charges for certified quieter vessels by as much as half but the loudest defenders are seismic air guns. the fossil fuel industry uses them to locate new oil and gas fields in the ocean. their sound waves are as loud as a spacecraft and can be heard hundreds of kilometers from the source

for days, sometimes even weeks or months. these tubes fire out compressed air every 10 seconds with every blast. 2 thirds of also all plankton larva, within a kilometer of the explosion, dropped dead. they insure the health of the ecosystem. iran go credibly wasteful. they are way too loud for what they need to do. ironically, the fossil fuel industry is itself conducting research on more environmentally friendly methods for its surveys. one technique is called marine viber size, which generates the required signals by a vibration instead of an explosion. the result is more of a constant hom, rather than a big sudden blast and air gun. so strong a defeat, the rapier arm off. whereas a virus eyes on land, you can put an egg underneath and panic long. great, initial models suggest that the impact on marine life would be just 10 percent of that of an air gone. the likes of exxon mobil total energies and

shell may have their eye on another advantage. however, marine viper size can also map oil and gas in shallow waters. but doesn't this sound paradoxical, more sustainable methods to find more fossil fuels? we really should not be, we just should not be searching for oil and gas under the ocean anymore. we, you know, we really need to make this green transition. that's the main solution. there are plenty of options for reducing marine noise pollution, but more progress is needed on the regulatory front. in 2011 germany introduced one of the world's 1st noise limits in place to protect north c marine life air bubble curtains are now standard there, and the industry is doing fine. taiwan is introducing a similar regulation. quieter is better for the environment, but without incentives or new laws, the industry has few reason to change. the role of those in conservation is

controversial, but some argue they play a valuable role in educating the public about animals and help foster venice about the need to protect species. we met a new education officer in chin. i was committed to doing just that. i me see that the green iguana sealer 30 threshing splash of cool water. a new born gavia called its mother and broke her heart global so that she can madame crocodile bank sees the beat, allows web users to get up close and personal with all these animals that i do in the morning. and the adults not being them online will income visitors to drop by

in person and learn more less. when people come to the create, you gave them about the animals, how these animals live and eat. we give this information to the people that does who was founded in 1976. our time when crocodiles had almost gone extent in india due to the trade in crokert, i led to the government, please burton's disease. under protection of my dad's crocodile bank was designed to help provide numbers with a breeding program at the beginning, the house, exclusively crocodiles nowadays exposed to many other reptiles to like turtle equinox and make it nick that people are particularly scared off. they are deemed to be dangerous. stuffy. john works closely with all the animals them, unless you don't mind. it's not like they do not bite. if they bite,

we have to endure it. animals cannot talk and biting is how they express themselves . but i think that was a big role in steph. he's on educational. well, he want people to understand them. no, no more in india, every year. 50260000 people. die because of sneak bite. hans, it is very important to spread awareness about snakes. but they didn't get the stephanie john received a b, a in the lodging in terminal. afterwards, she did a masters in biology and conservation. in portland, she was recently elected to represent keisha in the international educators association role, which put her in dialogue with lose ward. why i have to add those who educate that my main ambition and goal is to create a change in people's perspectives about animals. this exist because of that, so that people will get curious about animals and get to learn more about them,

that they will also learn about how to build a better future, where people and animals can co exist harmoniously. they can also learn about the importance of animals. humans and animals are dependent on each other, setting the goal of ways to make people understand how we can both going on with that on the band make blog down presented does all ended employs with many jalen. you with visitors forced to stay home the lag income, but that obstacle helped it in a way. now, companies and individuals can adopt any mode and help finance they keep those social media, but then helps it to find the table sponsors and ensure the protection of india injured you into the future. our planet drives on balance. as we've seen, to the, the alt belongs to every living organism,

not just human beings. the movie embodied this, the movie ensure the security of photo and species. think about that, and i'll see you again next week from all of us in india and germany. good bye, and thanks for watching with

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