ah, well come to take, talk with him about hackers, penalize me, turn your societies, computers that out where you and governments that go crazy for your data. we explain how these technologies work. how do they go so for that's how they can also go terribly. what you know, new to scientists is a guessing their feet wet all in the name of making hydro power back to for the environment . more on that coming out. we'll also be looking at efforts to reduce the harmful impact to the universal building material concrete. but 1st life in the concrete jungle, we all know city living can be stressful. is there

a way to make it more manageable? welcome to to mars his aid. the science shown on d. w. busy, noisy, dusty. city living can be stressful. and it's not just down to environmental factors. there is social stress factors to people living in close proximity to one another while at the same time fitting, socially isolated. a recent study shows that comes with an increased risk of mental health issues. what's clear is that more research is needed into house is can become healthier places to live for people of all ages because young urbanites ought so feeling the effects of stress as a flu fall out here. it's incredibly loud here. i can feel my heart rate shooting

up at this junction. i just want to get out of here on my to have on your veg. it's a real pit to go school start off and die. i feel totally uncomfortable, and i'd rather be somewhere with a different atmosphere in the snow on most of i'm we don't unaccustomed hashed love a fog written language, but i'm also now wondering what the impact is on our body. the nonstop noise and sensory overload, yahoo writes about them. but a few days ago, jemila moved and she is absolutely delighted with her new apartment. it's in one of her favorite parts of town. hello. i got a month and i'm standing by my window. show her and i love having trees slip down on cindy latasha in does, which are former shown come windows. it's really reassuring to be able to be in a safe place. oh, odd costs and have this feeling of com owns yard as guitar lessons that you have

this place to withdraw t who are hot and we'd like to come here. as we navigate our way through the cities hustle and bustle, our brain is exposed to stress. that's something klaus common is investigating. he's a professor of biological psychology. here at the technical university of berlin, he's monitoring brain activity in action. using electrodes attached to the scalp with contact gel. they measure tiny, electrical signals, giving researchers vital insights into events in the brain from one millisecond to the next. one remarkable, new development is that test subjects can now move about freely up to now they had to sit completely still. doses which this, that's not what our brands evolved for. it wouldn't because the brain developed in order to optimize our behavior was to improve our chances of survival in a potentially dangerous environment. and

a lot of that involves motor skills. and that's exactly what this test is supposed to assess. in the 1st part, the test person is presented with a virtual room. inside it, she'll see 3 different doors, one after the other. one relatively wide. the next normal sized. and the 3rd impossibly narrow. she's not been given any instructions and is just observing her surroundings. meanwhile, the electrodes are recording her brain waves. in the next part of the test, the doors reappear, but this time, the subject is asked to walk through them. while the researchers, again monitor her brains responses, they then lice and compare the resulting data. most importantly, the 1st few fractions of a 2nd. amazingly, whether they just looked at the doors or walk through them,

the brain signals and all test subjects were near identical. in the real world, this means that our brain is constantly checking the options available to us in a given situation and a matter of milliseconds. so in an urban environment, the brain is kept busy pretty much all the time. a process that runs automatically and unconsciously, when facing labyrinthine underpasses or intimidating modern buildings, our brain is always on the lookout for potential dangers. and wondering where the closest escape route is. and that permanent vigilance can trigger stress. damage to the director. that means there's a direct link to our health stuff. so i'll urban planners and architects have a design related task. they also have to create an environment that's appropriate for people, the clouds and gable gustavo. but as for designing

a city in which our brain would be able to relax, research is still in its infancy. you think a hoot is a philosopher. he's conducted some preliminary tests into how we perceive architecture of additional audio, if we wanted to manipulate public interior spaces by creating both straightforward and more complex variance of a space. excellent by the one here on the left is very simple. these are the only one exit in the back, i think, and relatively few architectural elements. the mentor under the room on the right is more sophisticated compared to with more passageways and more vistas before. and one of our primary conclusions was that space is like, this one are perceived as more interesting, ortho, i not all spaces that are more interesting and more complex are the ones that people want to explore more group. i'm always a mere vondell. that is why measures interesting spaces that provide

a variety of views and exit options are seen as something positive. that's an important finding because whether indoors or outside this type of architecture encourages people to socialize and maybe linger and relax. a little architecture can help create more relaxed vicki, and say, can plants plentiful greenery can improve actual as he to even at the highest heights. but some city dwellers would rather stave down to earth in homes reminiscent of the hobbit houses in the lord of the rings. welcome to the world of underground living. seen from above, you probably wouldn't know that underneath this little green hill is a rather expensive building. hypothetical and this is the b and t animal rescue and

shelter. and, and it's special because it's in an earth house which we bought in 200-5004 the scope, 300 square meters of the shelter in the south western german city of filling in his completely underground like a labyrinth in cave, with many chambers the building sprawls under a green roof. and just as in a real cave, it has no right angles or straight walls. there are several passageways that lead out doors. so the cats can step out for some air. so what's it like working under ground? and under them, absolutely. how it's very pleasant and relaxing. we have a steady room, temperature and humidity and plenty of light because of the killer at last a hell. dusty cooper, he'll own month. basically. you feel free in these buildings, cliffs club, health, mercy, i fooled, indecent eyes on me in addition to providing

a pleasant work atmosphere. the earth house also saves energy and leaves lots of space for greenery. integrating houses into the environment has been this swiss architects aim for 50 years. now. peter fetch has built about a 100 earth houses across europe. job. i mean these are bow as it goes. construction method requires a lot less material and i don't have to be so exact like when having to measure a piece of timber down to the centimeter. it's more intuitive was i saw this house is built to way a child builds things in the sandpit. it can be molded, you can make the roof a bit higher and more. it's creative. as his career thief, peter fetch makes his earth houses out of concrete. other architects only use natural materials. the transition between the buildings and their surroundings is fluid. they become part of the landscape need to management. so here for example is covered by about 50 centimeters of earth. but that increases to up to may be one

meter 20 in the roof from c. that means there's a lot of green glass ground area is sealed to really fatigue. the green spaces remain their field instead of built up urban areas green mountains. but what about the light climate and heating in these subterranean buildings. ready garrett hanson has been designing earth houses for 30 years. he works with wooden modules, covered with a thick layer of earth, rather than concrete. that's how it's built as a passive house with very good windows and insulation. i'm it. but the soil also regulates the temperature. up here in the lower area. the earth embankment is 4 meters thick and bush, and it's not just a green roof, but a very thick layer of earth ice. it stays pleasantly all in summer in the winter as you're never battling icy temperatures. energy consumption for heating is sensationally low. any please and ah, and ignore. and her family have been living in an earth home for 6 years now. it

was love at 1st sight. it's 10 meters wide and under its earth mantle, there's a waterproof and root proof membrane. the front and back windows are triple glazed. i see it as good bottom. when we built the house, we were concerned that it might be a bit dark. does the south? yes, i think that's the 1st thing you think when you hear us house that it's dark and crampton, but it's very light. and yours massively have this connection to nature. had interview automatic, not to have up in the wooden shell for the house was provided by the architect and garrett hanson's company, also carried out the earthworks packing the barrels shaped structure and soil. the canoes, then did the work on the interior themselves. the unusual building ended up costing

barely more than a conventional detach town. but what's life actually like under a layer of earth vacant spoon? does this mean that they can, we can tell how well the roof works from a very low energy and heating bills. a 60 year as a month for heated into all mortar on that. how a lot. so our house doesn't shop and temperatures rise because it's covered with earth, dictaphone and in the winter, the layer of soil keeps us warm from. so a passive earth house saves about 2 thirds of the usual energy costs and the earth mantle stores rain water and minimizes the buildings ecological footprint. hum wings on hours who am didn't bag of chips, the earth that we elevated on to the ria of and used it to recreate a growing pammy, a dull surface vida and see good on the clint. even with all these benefits, it's still not possible to build multi story earth hounds. the structures would take up far too much space for gary hansen,

that's one vague disadvantage. this is an i'm from you now, so it's a single family house and their group together. so that less land is used, but of course it's not a model that we can adopt in cities. really, we need to live closer together and, and build smaller apartments with that. but the earth house is an example of a detached home that you can build responsibly to day people to bundle. first homes are still rare in germany. but the idea of embedding homes in nature like this conserving energy and introducing greenery to offset the land use could be one model for ecological architecture in the future. concrete buildings or anything but eco friendly. that's mainly because of how concrete main components cement is produced. the cement industry is responsible for

8 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, wildlife, around $4650000.00 tons of the men to produce every year. but one researcher in switzerland has now found a way to make ferment that's less harmful to the environment at the swiss federal institute of technology in those on karen, scribner and her team have been working for years to reduce the carbon footprint of concrete. scribner is a chemist who has specialized in construction materials. focus is really the best material to house the world. but of course we need to it better and we can do it. here karen, scribner and her team are using cement water, sand and gravel to develop a new kind of concrete. there's nothing unusual about that in itself,

but what's different here is the makeup of the cement. normal cement is made cheaply of calcium carbonate, which is heated to over $1400.00 degrees celsius that produces a lot of c o. 2 from the fuel and the breakdown of the calcium carbonate, 90 percent of the emissions of concrete come from what's called the clinker. this produced in this big cement kill. and by taking out as much as possible of that thinker you, would you, c, o. 2 experiments have shown that this can be done by simply adding fired clay to the mix. along with calcium carbonate that has been ground to powder, but not heated. calcium carbonate has to be heated to $1450.00 degrees celsius. but clay only to $800.00 degrees, that saves on fuel. and the clay doesn't generate carbon emissions. unlike calcium

carbonate, overall, that means 30 percent less c o 2. well i think the potentials enormous because the amount of clay available is bletchley unlimited. which means we can easily go from us substitution level on average of 20 percent to day to 40 percent. that would mean saving $400000000.00 tons of c o 2 per year. and to put that in perspective, that's 10 times the entire c o 2 emissions of switzerland, vibrancy like, yeah, yeah, yeah. numerous tests have shown that the experimental concrete has the same properties as conventional concrete. and it's equally strong 1st and 2nd, but the construction industry tends to be quite reluctant to launch new materials. oh, it's hard work, convincing industry leaders to try out the new concrete known as l. c. 3. to you.

so the scientists in switzerland have teamed up with institutes and other countries to spread the word. they began by focusing on india. india is today the 2nd largest user of conk, a concrete in the world. but if you compare it with china, which is the largest, the amount of cement use per person in india is like 5 or 6 times lower than china to day. and so i think we can really see how things are going to develop china is going to go down, but india is really going to go up. and if we're going to have an impact, we need to get in there before things are built. the scientists in india worked with the industry to produce initial samples of the lc 3 cement. as a pilot project, a building was constructed for the swiss embassy in india. the new material has proven itself. the excellent thing about the cement is that after you've produced

the same and you can use it in the same be as we have been using ordinary portland cement it's performance, is the same. now, by doing that, we create a solution that is commercially viable. and at the same time, good for the environment. the team in switzerland has linked up with scientists in other countries to the areas marked here in green. our factories have produced batches of l. c. 3, or are due to start manufacturing. the countries in yellow or very interested in l . c. 3. those mart orange show where the scientists have made initial contacts. this small initiative in switzerland could so have a big impact on combating the climate crisis. hydro power is a renewable energy source that that doesn't automatically make it green. in fact, if you study warns that dams and reservoirs are causing vital habitats to disappear and interrupting the flow of nutrients and sediment,

we met some german researchers who are helping to make hydro power more environmentally friendly. to do that, working with a fish farm in the countryside its feeding time at this fish farm in central germany for henry clemmer conditions here are ideal. ready fresh, clear water from the nearby river constantly flows into all 18 fish ponds. are these also ideal conditions for a hydro power plant have a habit and likely kinds that are researching how water bearing facilities such as fish farms and waste water. ready plants could generate their own green energy. ready and understand we're going to check out this site and see where we might be able to install hydro electric turbine. we'll do an on site inspection and take measurements to see where it would make sense to install them and avoid it must be, i'm so without harming nature. because under the year gets on to let us know. what

makes this interesting is that we're in a manmade facility. we're not out in the natural environment. we're a hydro power unit will disrupt the ecosystem, and the fish that live there. dunden fishing didn't leave him shot inverted. headlight la maya wants to use green power to make his fish farm fit for the future . as of the tape had to the ladder, we use quite a lot of energy by operating cleaning equipment with no an electric powered smoking oven behind, and some electric heaters to i'd so much have as electric or so it makes sense to draw an energy from the water, let's assume ahem, rugged energy or energy needs will continue to rise over the next few years. so it would be great if we can counteract that of it was awful. he leads the scientists to where the water drains from the fish breeding ponds. and they want to investigate whether installing a turbine here would be worthwhile. first they measure the speed of the water

flowing from the fish farm back into the ada. oh, the water travels through a one meter wide channel flowing with surprising force. it's fenced enough to almost sweep the scientist off his feet. the researchers want to do more than just help the fish farm. their data will be given to a research network called neva, which supports water and energy management projects. if it was, if one of us, i just got it, did i thought a check? how fast the water is traveling? it's 9.6 meters per 2nd. a good reading. but only one of several factors that decide whether it's really worth installing a turbine. here. the researchers still have to calculate the flow rate from their data. the gradient also counts,

and that varies depending on the water level of the ada. it's currently rather low, which helps i forward new to high. you hear the drop is 3.6 meters enough to make a t and here worthwhile in special morgan's food. i'm lipsy this, i'm yes, of course we'd prefer to have a 100 meter radio alpha, but anything over one or 2 meters is a decent number. gave us a number we're hydropower becomes a viable option. was like the researchers believe that almost every fish farm could generate hydro electric power, though not in very large amounts. there around 2000 fish farms in germany. even if every german fish firm had a hydro power plant, they would only generate as much electricity as about 12 average size wind turbines . at best, that would only cover their own energy needs or supply about $20000.00 single

family homes with power. but unlike solar and wind power, hydro power doesn't depend on the weather. this turbine was installed by henley, clemens grandfather, 40 years ago. it's been running around the clock ever since. and it's hardly ever required repairs. unlike in a river, there are no branches, fish, and other objects in the water here to damage the turbine. the old turbine supplies almost all of the companies electricity, but like his grandfather and like family always has an eye toward the future. like goes my daddy, me dig, my grandfather installed the turbine about us, but we're always thinking about how we could generate more energy. also in conversation i just and oftentimes some of the water still flows unused back into the river dasanya. meghan, you can see it rushing when y'all feed us, there's a lot of energy in it. well, by the amiable legal site of we're thinking of converting part of our fleet to electric vehicles, then which would increase our energy consumption and hope all of that. so convert

since fish farms and germany can supply only a modest amount of electricity, the researchers are looking at other types of facilities with flowing water that might be suited to hydropower setups. for example, sewage treatment plants like this one in central germ good to mila to gun. one of the engineers behind the facility believes it's design, makes it especially suited to a hydro power installation. but in the mind can logon least with ordinary sewage treatment plants, there isn't much of a gradient discipline. with this type of plans. taking a technical design provides up to 3.5 meters. then there's the drop till it reaches the discharge points here. that's 13 meters, which is good for hydropower. i got sluggish for months. oil water flows through the pipes and the push of a button. so it could generate electricity at times when conditions aren't right for solar, a wind power as efficient us. but this is pretty amazing. it was in more and more

waste water plants are being built here in germany logging in bushland. we're looking at the pipes here and there's plenty of room here to install various different types of turbines. so ansible migalia kisha off. so how much electricity could set up like these generate? if all sewage treatment plants and fish farms in germany installed hydro power systems, they generate just 0.5 tara watt hours of electricity. amir 0 point one percent of the electricity generated in the country. so is it really worth it from your new model? here in germany we use a lot of electricity. and so of course we're unlikely to meet that lead with just aquaculture and are more sewage treatment plants at almost $1.00 to $2.00 that we need to keep looking for other options. isaac smith, what we need to take advantage of every opportunity we have to produce clean energy undermine the researchers are convinced that there's still

a lot of untapped hydropower in other water bearing facilities such as locks and sewers. so they still have plenty of work to look forward to that. so for this edition, if tomorrow today, join us again next week when the dw sign show till then take tap with with

for this christmas cake, people would gladly go to jail. hon attorney is a one standing tradition in italy and some of the nation's best come from a bakery at a maximum security prison in padre,

a confection that's enjoyed by all of italy, the key jail your romance. in 30 minutes on d. w. ah, powerhouse po lou, whatever the genre of music generates happiness hormones and. 6 melancholy lose. how does it do that? we listen. close parts 21. in 60 minutes, d w. o. and with interest, the global economy,

our portfolio d w business beyond. here the closer look at the project. our mission. to analyze the fight for market dominance. east, this is where you live at head with the w business, beyond stories that moves people, the world over information. they provide opinions. they want to express d, w on facebook and twitter up to date and in touch. follow us with oh, frankfurt, a hot international gateway to the best connection, self road and rail, located in the out of europe. you are connected to the old world. experienced outstanding shopping and dining office. enjoy alice services all. be our guest at

frankfurt. airport city managed by frappe, bought lou ah, ah, ah, this is dw news live from berlin, anti government demonstrators takes the streets in iran a day after attack. ron's 1st execution of a protester, demonstrators call for the end of the regime. despite the risk of being arrested. activists are warning the authorities will carry out further executions in an attempt to quell the protests.