the platform with, you know, or this channel, we are not afraid to katherine's delicate topic. african population is growing fast . and young people clearly have the solutions. the future belongs with 77 percent every weekend on d. w. ah, with great of you to join us for the next half hour in which will be looking on to some familiar big issues. for example, how we can make progress on protecting nature and ultimately ourselves. welcome to

equal africa. my name is sandra trina, would you hi, sandra, i'm 3 salons joining you from a good state. nigeria is those secrets, but many rural materials will be exhausted within decades if we continue extracting them at the current rate. this also applies to sand aso raw material. so interesting stories that we have for you today. i will talk about the devastating impact of sun mining on i environment by company kenya, making pencils without using woods. and how guerrillas, in cameroon, can be better protected, gone, us, coastline comprises over 500 kilometers of pristine nature. except some sections are far from on spoke as in many other countries,

illegal along the gulf of guinea. son mining is becoming increasingly widespread. due to the growing demand for its use in construction are the same time local residence, a clever in woodland areas in order to grace your life stork. our reports are on the ground, investigates the consequences for the environment. the ocean has swallowed up everything, pita coley, once owned. when he looks out into the waves, he sees the place he used to call home. it's a kilometer away from where he currently stands. almost a year after he was displaced, the fisherman is still traumatized. i love it at bedroom house for kitchen dollars. amber dick is that su of our yes.

constant. tidal waves have wreaked havoc in communities like vermin, pita callie's former home washing away houses, schools, community centers, and displacing a hundreds of people. many families are still homeless. darn as coastline spans more than 500 kilometers a quarter of its population live by the sea. a unesco study says almost 40 percent of gun as eastern coastal land was lost to erosion and flooding between 252017. and the destruction is fast intensifying, causing concern for coastal experts and environmental activists sula was raising a, was a sea level, was risen as, as with any issues with sea level rise cost, a routing flood in. and then we could also talk about as what, what i intrusion source assault, what i intrude intrusion could affect, you know,

agriculture within these areas for their mer, keta and 15 other communities along the coast of gone as vaulter region used to be prosperous fishing villages. but c, erosion has put paid to that in the local market, there is barely any fish for sale. other food produce is also in short, supply and farmlands are being taken over by sea water. climate change isn't the only reason for the coastal erosion. human activities like excessive groundwater extraction for use and farming is on the rise sand mining, where locals, harvest sand from the shores for building is also an issue. some communities have been the practice, but it is still prevalent. trees such as mangroves that play a key role in protecting the coastline and marine wildlife of being cut down for firewood local leaders, worry about these activities and want them to stop the other to please because

it is we are closed it when it is happening. and we get as and as 90 condemn, equal even to somebody's from some point. i've come and started recently we have to implemented what is our module for as the like as you said it. so in the evening, before we sit and to get to know that you that i mean is causing the issue. if we are the lead, any committed people. if we don't put this to the action before we just pop into definitely cause as a problem. researchers from the university of garden as institute for environment and sanitation studies have been studying the impact of climate change along the coastline for more than 2 years. they take samples of water, fish, and plans for further study. they say that c, erosion isn't just affecting the coast. it's also in day drink wildlife species in nearby lagoons and local people's health. if i take the

keta co slain for instance, where they are doing some winning. so what they are doing is allowing the sea water to flow into the land moon and it causes flapping. and from a public health perspective. once there was how flows and destroys sanitation facilities, for instance, in households that are very close to their see the sanitation facilities con, terminates drinking water sources in an effort to protect communities against the rising sea levels. the government has built stone c walls along parts of the shoreline. it says it lacks the funds to protect all of the coast. the likelihood of future surging waters means that peter coli and other coastal residents live in constant fear that we're with he has given up hope of rebuilding

for now we are for it because not where this is not is just as don't room. wonderful. don't. so we are almost alfred, we don't hard to do, but we are brave to go to help us do their castro, are this situation? peter are coley and more than 300 displaced families from his village now live in, make shift palm leaf structures. as fishermen, they don't want to move further inland. they can't leave the coast where their livelihoods are the little they have could end up washed away by the ocean. when the floods return we've seen what can happen to the ecosystem in ghana due to our hunger for sun. but what are the alternatives? how can we minimize our consumption of the results?

what's right to track down some answers. sand is everywhere. the tomic on the road, the concrete in your house, the glass of your windows, and the silicon chip in your food, reasonable sandy chip and any other material on the planet. and it stood the test of time. but given that one 3rd of all the land on earth, it's classified as desert. you'd think found would be easy to get hold of right wrong. even desert countries in the middle east and put sand from as far away as australia and canada. the world's tallest building as an 830 me to skyscraper in dubai. that was built with sand for more than 10000 kilometers away. that's because of the type of sand that fueling the wild construction. b. desert sand is too smooth for most concrete because the grains have been polished by the wind. it's like the difference between running your hand over these round hazel nuts and these rough walnut. there's not enough friction to make it strong enough to build. instead, people take easy to reach sand from rivers, beaches and the sea floor,

and this can't be replenished on human timescales. so how shall we? we know that demand for this, mr. worse is going to continue to grow and i already causing problems in many places in the world. this is louise gallagher. both are landmark un report and 2019 on solving san shortages. now, scientists always complained any more dates at, but when it comes to san diego really have no idea, it is the 2nd most consumed resource after washer, from the premise, and we don't know where it's coming from and what the impacts of that are. then that's the nature of the problem. but what they do, no worries them. research has been 2017 muddle that global demand sanded, growing much faster than what's easily available. the world would need to make more sand, find new sources of it. oh, just use less, otherwise, it will run out. this is a big problem because sound of the fundamental building block of modern life. sand

used in concrete has been essential to the global construction b. as people in emerging economies moved to cities and people around the world are building more and more. india has become the 2nd biggest cement producer. i've lost half century. singapore has built artificial islands that have increased its land mass by a quarter. and it did this with massive amounts of sand imported from its neighbors . the sand crisis isn't even just a problem of scarcity. the industry is small scale and by the regulated, and that's hurting people and ecosystems today. minus take sand from the bottom of river than the sea for low pay and without oversight, their reports of child labor from india to uganda is no protection. there's no and, and the river bed is getting deeper so they have to constantly, you know, go deeper and it can impact their, jo, john said can impact, you know, they develop all sorts of complicate health complications. but of course, if it's

a legal, there's no support that at all, reg, for them. karen per error as an independent research a, his written a book on solving the same crisis. she sites a report from an environmental group last year that counted 193 people who died through illegal fan mining and india. and just 2 years, when me remove sand from such huge, massive quantities, it's bound to have impacts. and they've been back at the moment. i've externalized dr. society and until within that linked big bag not then not reflected in the costs of the saturn gap at or shun mining as to climate threats, like rising sea levels and dropped it, erodes beaches, destroys river beds and makes landslides more likely, an estimated half a 1000000 people living along the meek on river will need to be moved from collapsing river banks, partly because of sand meineke. in india is pushed species like the gary crocodile to the verge of extinction. so how can we sold the global san

crisis expert say, the 1st step is cutting the amount of concrete we use that could mean using more efficient concrete mixes with less cement or replacing it altogether. with alternatives like timbo rammed up building denser cities means less concrete. for each person than side needs to be reused. when buildings are demolished, the waste can be crushed and mixed into cement. rubble can be used to make building foundations and right. this already happened in some places when you building materials are expensive. gemini, for instance, recycled more than 2 thirds of its construction waste. but in countries like india and bangladesh, it's less than 10 percent. by taking that approach, we're taking into account the fact that this material is not available to us in infinite terms for evermore in you know, all the atlanta does, you'd be, would want. the 3rd thing is finding and sat fine. sustainable sources of sand. take greenwood, it's increasing the weld supply of sand as it's bytes sheet mouth,

that's already delivered. 8 percent of the and it's added to the wild oceans each year. it's hard to believe, but global warming is speeding up that process. expert say that mine in greenland sign could ease the pain of quitting concrete for the rest of the world. but it would have to be done together with local communities and without hurting the pristine arctic wildlife. and that brings us to the final point. those solutions just help fix the shortages of said, but to protect people in nature, government also need to regulate the industry and enforce rules to stop the illegal sand trade. we can build without sand. there are plenty of examples where sam, our ability to construct, does not, it is, is not dependent on our, on our need, that we can decouple these do. and so we can still build and allow for human or prosperity without destroying our existence. and talking about sun mining,

it's an issue connected to our next reports to the legal extraction of this resource is even more worrying when you consider a rising sea levels and the growing amount of land already been swallowed. indeed. and imagine last year the global sea level set a new record, high, 97 millimeters above the level in 1993. now what does that mean for the ordinary living in affected areas? we took a look in france. defeat le, could ye is a sheep breeder in france? his business is threatened by the rising sea levels, not only already but you are over there. we previously had pasture for the sheep and the plot here was the fallback plot when there were high tides. so can i know the sheep were shelter but now the river has come closer here. it's eaten up the dune, a bit of everything. and now the sea is entering the field or so that's $3.00 to $4.00. hector's gone talkies, albany about 40 percent of the world's population lives within 100 kilometers of

the coast. that's not just because we love the sea. it's mostly due to the economic benefits offered by the oceans, such as shipping fisheries and tourism. as we continue to advance global warming by burning fossil fuels, glaciers are melting faster than ever. and that in turn increases sea levels posing a direct threat to billions of people living in coastal areas. global sea levels are rising twice as fast now compared to 30 years ago. the united nations says by 2100 levels could rise by another meter some major cities on the coast are trying to build defenses to protect themselves. but many experts agree that in most cases, that only serves to gain time until relocation becomes inevitable. moving out of harm's way might pose huge challenges financially socially and therefore

politically. but nature might not leave us any choice. professors stefan costa and sophie met elaine from st. normandy university have created a virtual reality video showing what would happen if a storm hit the french coast with sea levels one meter higher than now. had to fill even the forgot wanna take the storm of february 1992 in huge amounts of water forced into the town of h. rita, a water levels in the street now could reach ala centimeters to one meter and move at a rate of more than 2 meters. the 2nd of the passive, no one would be able to stand like under even cars would be swept away. but what you're quite the operative, they've shown their video to more than 200 policy makers around the country. thought you've lost his image when they see these images, of course they think it's terrible. see said, but that's the aim of the project. a do to show them what could happen a lot more and above all, to get people to reflect on what coastal life could be like tomorrow. how's that it

taking into account these future hazard, sir? unfortunately, one or will happen if you keep for model was multi knowledge studies like these might help policy makers prepare for the future. but for davida record ye, that future might come sooner than the authorities are ready for you don't really, but you are wrong. there's no pastureland anymore, that doesn't get flooded regularly. i'm more likely i won't. if the sea comes any closer, i don't know what i'll do. oh yeah. it's now only 250 meters from the farm. i got rid of him in just 5 years. the see me of engulfed his farm completely, giving him no choice but to leave. and now we move on to another room the to that is becoming increasingly cause, you know, how much would you need to make them billions of pencils producing germany every single year? well, best on one appropriate change being turned into around 10000 pensive. that

translates into 40000 choosing gemini and on. now this week's doing a beat looks at an eco friendly auction in kenya. ah, it's a laborious process. first, the newspapers are cut and paste it together with glue. the rolls are dried and hardened. the paper and lead rolled together in a specially designed machine. the company sells some of its eco pencils, but most are donated to schools. everything is done locally. the only thing that we import is the graphite. the lead is not available locally. that's the only thing that we can put from outside. but we use ripple that are valuable. and you see we have no list in our process. more than 100000 pencils

have already been given to children from poor families. and how about you? if you are also doing your bit, tell us about his visitor website. oh, send us a tweet. hash tag doing jo, banks. we shack your stories. whoa, what a brilliant idea from kenya to central africa, to cover now as one of the world's biggest rain forests, the able is a hot bed of bind davis. see that's right. sandra there bio diverse for a system is a refuge for a number of endangered species. deforestation, and poaching pose a threat to vis you. they carpeted. but there's hope. the guerrilla guardian clubs are fighting back. this rain forest can only be reached on foot.

was onto tier and the able forest research project team are on the lookout for rare primaries. oh oh, look. and that's a guerrillas nest waivers on tomorrow. usually build them on the ground. worry after their evening meal, they make themselves a place to sleep. long as a cushy ball on fed, courtesy on board. we have 11 primate species here, including guerrillas, gulshan pansies, drills and prices red, colourless monkeys. nicole obeyed to press. the primates are in high demand with poachers who can sell them as bush meat. jaunty tear also used to make his living that way. but for most of the last 10 years, his any study their tracks to find out which animals are traveling way in the forest. he lives in liberty on the edge of able forest. one of the 3 villages that are taking part in the project they do when i am grasped would impact merging hands

and anyway, like it's not really a profitable business particularly. okay, yes, you can earn a bit of, but the income is very irregular. that's why i decided to stop hunting is hungry. i live in an empty shahid. usually now he only gets to see the animals in video footage. the reset is have set up 17 trial cameras in the part of the forest re gorillas live. besides chimpanzees and guerrillas, these forest elephants are also threatened with extinction. and the extremely shy drills are particularly at risk. the eval forest research project was set up by the san diego z wildlife alliance which supports primate conservation. it's been collaborating with the villagers for more than 10 years. many of them used to be poachers. now they've learned to

collect data on the animals or set up camera traffic. anyone who wants to take part must join a guerrilla guardian club. then they get paid for their work for gandhi drank fernando, i have to thin out the clearing a bit so the camera isn't obstructed. cassandra, i hipaa laconia once a month the team spends a few days venturing deep into the rain forest. they use campuses and t p. s to find their way marcell kitchen has been part of the team for 9 years. the environmental scientist recalls precisely where each animal trail is found. what's particularly interesting are the movements of the around 25 gorillas that were discovered here in 2002 to then they were only 2 known gorilla sub species. and cameron, one group living south of the seneca river and another hundreds of kilometers away

to the north. for the reason why we call we are collecting the sample is to do some genetic analyses to find out, well, how related the glass of able to doors farms hard of the cassandra, the crockery where go less able forest in southwest and cameron covers an area of almost 1500 square kilometers and borders on nigeria. it is part of a large rain forest region, the 2nd largest world wide after the amazon in brazil. to protect the rain forest in the future. the project aims to include the residence of the more than 40 villages surrounding the forest. the 3 villages taking part in the project so far all have a gorilla guardian's class. to enable the residents to feed their families without having to resort to poaching. they can join the local club here they get help to buy life stock or plant vegetables or cocoa o.

like here in mit, there is a small school in the other 2 villages on the edge of the forest. the teachers received training from the scientists and protecting the forest and its animals has become a fixture of the curriculum. him over what kind of animal is that? then one, a gorilla man. he. the idea is to raise awareness about the topic among the youngest villages. so can move lead aloe. what i like about the course is the gorillas homeless. they are like people yesterday. and what i learned is that hunting isn't good because animals, i like people on the project has made many of the visitors see the forest with different eyes like so. wanted to some 90 percent of the one time coaches have become farmers. and that's what the children see while they grow up. but the guerrilla guardians clubs don't want things to stop there. move along, i'm fed,

do we want to know, go zone to be created? was on which the measures to guarantee the survival of the guerrillas are respected rush because the species is in danger of extinction. finished by the shown armand. that's why he only takes his children to the edge of the forest. well, i looked lou, this trail. what animal left that trail if you'd assume a porcupine, he wants his children to know about animals. but he also wants them to know when to leave the forest to its inhabitants. and once again, that's an important reminder that the best way to ensure mitchell conservation is to get kids involved at our very young age. we've got them to the end of eco africa this week. thanks for joining us. i see you again. next time i'm priscilla simps signing off from nigeria. so long crease it is over time for me to say goodbye, but i look forward to reading all your comments on our for should media platforms.

please do send them through until next time. do have yourselves a wonderful week and be sure to keep things green. i am sandra tree odeo, bidding farewell from com. paula. here in uganda. ah, with ah, ah, with

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