it soon begins and a long drive to the next village to save lives in gown as remote areas and to keep his place as africa leader in vaccinations. before we go with that, her mind drive our top story at this hour. put him, her zalinski is in the united states is the 1st time he's left your praises. russia invaded in february, he sent us president joe biden and even address congress as you need update at this hour. i'm clare richardson in berlin for me in the whole team. thank you so much for watching our games on the melting ice. a reporter tracks down the arctics major players. and if you see something that looked like they responded, has to do with the military head. starts december

23rd on d, w. ah, ah, the gulf of naples on the west coast of italy, a breathtaking the beautiful bay. but the tranquillity here is deceptive. this is one of the most dangerous places on the planet. the naples region is dominated by volcanoes such as vesuvius. in ancient times it was the cause of a mass of natural catastrophe that left thousands of people dead. ah, the volcanoes, direct neighbors, some 4000000 people living in the naples metropolitan area. today, vesuvius appears quiet. but the volcano could erupt again at any moment.

once we don't know when or how strong it'll be here, that will be to know for service. it will have the city is exposed to further threats. a dragon tick network of dangerous, almost invisible volcanoes. an eruption would have devastating consequences. vulcan, ologist and researchers are in a race against time. using up to the minute technology, they analyze any variation that could signal an imminent eruption. can they stay a step ahead of the volcano? ah

vesuvius, one of history's most notorious volcanoes in the year 79 ag. it's destructive flames in gulf the city of pompei and killed its inhabitants further are options followed ah, but to day vesuvius is not the most potent threat. 20 kilometers to the west flies in even greater danger. beneath the expanse of low land is a group of developing volcanoes, historically named the flag green fields or burning fields. there are more than 50 of them across 150 square kilometers on land and under the sea on the surface they are almost invisible.

with this network is classified as a super volcano. no. the only one in europe and eruption would be devastating. so far, scientists have discovered around 20 such super volcanoes world wide, and there are signs that this one could erupt soon. vulcan ologist are especially interested in the intense activity in the slough, atara crater every day. more than 2500 tons of c o. 2 and software are released here from the depths of the earth. in the year 2017 and entire family died after walking on the craters unstable surface, ceci. come me nozzle full ludicrous. look at our data. as his end, the quasi waldo acquitted the with alpha. if you walk on the crater floor,

you can actually feel the chasms. because the molten rock is porous and chasms are created underneath by the emission of gases, us under concentrated high pressure, the gases can road the fine particles of the rock and create chasms below the crater level can added a royalty nestle to solum. despite this permanent danger, thousands of people live on the edge of the south atara on its northeastern flank. is the fisher railey for maro field? a nearby tennis hotel was forced to close to be the only me sooner. milton, denser nevada extremely hot and intense steam is being emitted am or the temperature must be above a 100 degrees in these emissions. it was producing all the salt a producer was easily the emissions cover the walls and floors with a thick,

whitish coating and smell of sulphur. a few years ago, the pirelli for morrow was just a small hole. the thermal area now measures around 4800 square meters and, and it's more than $600.00 tons of carbon dioxide every day. so may end up at his, i'm not gonna blame that. he spent the last that up crystal basine. if for example, there's an increase in one component compared to another, this commandment, magma is moving towards your surface unit, what data? so any variations will give us an indication about how the system is evolving and whether interruption is eminent, meant that you not it soon. after a detailed analysis, the scientists come to a conclusion. the green fields could potentially erupt very soon and

ah, around 40000 years ago, a volcanic eruption from this very same site, laid waste to a large area of europe. what's known as the companion english bretty, a russian spewed more than 300 cubic kilometers of magma, a sec interruption 15000 years ago, ejected a particular kind of volcanic rock. neapolitan yellow, tough to this day. the stone is a defining feature of the city of naples. may we have jani, he splendid the same peak of down a case here we have some splendid examples on the jess novel church is composed of fragments, books of stone extracted from the companion evening, retain. whereas behind me is the santa chiara church, which you can seize entirely,

built from blocks of neapolitan yellow tasha. and i'll pull it to some extent to muddle if he could say that thanks to the extraction of this material from beneath the city of the outline of naples is the positive image of a negative valley or little to that i should die. one structure in particular highlights the ingenuity of the romans. a cistern built using volcanic rock ah chic. emily known me to battle you whether you're in a huge rush or to reservoir gun. it's an impressive technological feet. the pillars of 15 meters tall and the reservoir contains 12000000 liters of water maloney leafy aqua this enormous ancient cistern was dug entirely out of a tough hill. but neapolitan yellow tuff does have one major drawback. it's porous

window. put it in there, beads little to lability, but one older and want to water proof to want sell it. i had a clever idea. i made a special kind of mortar. it's a cement paste mortar. could cut your pesto. it's basically made of 3 elements. it's brick fragment, limestone, and the most important element put for lana shit, volcanic ashna, of which there isn't abundance in this area. they mixed these 3 things together. in one set, it made the was totally water pre female, which are not less than enabled the reservoir to contain huge quantities of water. the ability, acc, windy or up we'll see below. continue that was going on. we must that. yeah. to day the fa, green fields threatened to destroy what the neapolitan have built over centuries. all the while naples, most famous volcano looms ominously over the city. ah,

the sewage has maintained a brooding and highly visible presence for centuries. its last eruption in 1944 was devastating. ah. the lava flows destroyed entire villages 26 people died. vesuvius has been dormant ever since. but vulcan ologist continue to monitor it. just as they been doing since the 19th century. fade 9, double it on, it was kind of at a challenge for us neapolitan vesuvius is the ultimate volcano. it has dominated our culture and i've always been strongly attracted to it. and for those of us who work a lot in this domain, it's important to note that we find out something new about it every day with every

door discovery. i'm when i spittle volvo. motor the veto studies the surety griffey, the geological layers of the volcano. on the north, they the i'm on us that he get of yet a coma. say when local knowledge, a study strategic graphy. because if we're reading a written account, turning page after page of the history of the volcanoes eruptions the de la storia de quilt, vesuvius remains dangerous to this day. more than $700.00 earthquakes occur here every year. some 700000 people live in close proximity to the volcano. scientists register every tremor and change which so still may not miss who would r e through. so the any this instrument measures with lower c o 2 and the temperature of the gas emissions. my uncle of italy also enables us to have a more general idea about the evolution of the volcano mechanical molten botanic

app. it's very important to understand the system because it can give us an indication about the possible movements of mathematic current, like math, he get it resolved, good. mapquest, there was a waste is one instrument among many others, which enables us to listen to the volcanoes breathing it a little speedily little. can the volcanoes breath is the gases dissolved in the magma? when they rise to the surface of the crater? the pressure drops and the gases expand. they formed bubbles, which spread over the surface. go look out v net up in invisible t. it's a bit like what happens in this bottle, which contains a gas rich liquid, annoyed that as soon as you alter the pressure by removing the cap it got you can see the gas separating from the liquid and rising to the surface. was it a look back at the history of earth reveals more about the origin of volcanoes and magma 250000000 years ago. there was a huge land mass called the pan gea. geological activity broke up this

super continent into several tectonic plates. these separated and drifted apart to form today's continents. ah, the geological trigger for these movements can be found beneath the earth's crust. this layer is around 30 kilometers thick. nothing compared to the radius of the planet, which is around 6000 kilometers. between this crust and the earth's core, there's an upper mantle around 650 kilometers deep. this mantle consists of currents of molten rock circulating around each other. they act like a conveyor belt display using the plates of the earth's crust. this is called convective movement. for millions of years, these plates have been drifting apart by several centimeters per year. they slide separate and collide in italy,

the african plate slides under the eurasian plate. the contact points can reach such high temperatures. that part of the mantles rock fuses, bringing about what's known as subduction. the molten rock or magma builds up in the crevices of the earth's crust and forms magma chambers eventually magma combined with gas will rise to the surface and form a volcano. to balance the structure of the earth's crust, surplus heat and energy is discharged. and magma ejected triggering of volcanic eruption. ah, one of the world's most active volcanoes, is located around 600 kilometers south of naples. mount etna in

sicily. this volcano, which is more than 3000 meters above sea level, is nicknamed manji bellow, or the mountain of mountains. in contrast to the neapolitan volcanoes, aetna erupts on a regular basis almost 80 times during the last century. in fact, eugenio privy terra has been analyzing it for many years. fulfill me then i believe it when he saw no fender, they brought up the that we can find all these lap halima, which is there pre from explosion. so the piece is a small and very light. this is because the full of air bubbles originally gas, by demand delivering that it will, can also find volcanic ash. and as you can see, it, it's like very fine black sand emmel. and here is a lovely volcanic form, it's quite big,

but not as big as some produced by aetna elect bulk that some bombs can be the size of small cosby. dia, this rock was produced from within a mac mccollum if it did it. and when the gas bubbles reached the surface and expand on to my project into the air, the part of the magma situated above the gospel, he went into the fi, shit. but i ate darn i. yep. or the or the video break. diddy. labatt? did he not go? mike asked us of a bowl. aetna is constantly creating new craters. book. a new ova is the youngest of the 4 craters on the summit. it appeared in 1968 to the west of the central crater cone. unlike the volcanoes of the bay of naples, aetna is situated at the crossroads of several tectonic plates. it's in contact not only with the eurasian and african plates, also with the micro plates of the geranium and ione,

and sees these geological confrontations produce huge quantities of magma. which in turn generate intense activity. the mac, my is relatively fluid, and the gas bubbles move freely. therefore they rise to the surface quicker than the magnetic fluid. in contrast, the magma within vesuvius and the flick green fields is much more viscous. this means it's harder for the gas bubbles to escape, causing a build up of pressure. this could generate explosive eruptions with huge destructive power. the prevailing theory to date has been that in the case of mount etna, small gas bubbles merged to make larger ones. these rise in the vents faster than the magnetic fluid. when they reached the surface, they burst creating many explosions that project the magma into the air. once

separated from the gas, the magma spreads and forms relatively slow lava flows known as if use of eruptions . but vulcan ologist, so unsettled by some of the latest findings and wondered if of if, if you're a fan to have your all, i will, the who let not acre you. one of the most recent discoveries we made about that nanny's, well, is that the chemical composition of the my has been changing over the last few decades fit. that there is now an increase in potassium compared to before, when there was more sodium. this chemical variation could explain the rise and explosive activity that i noticed over the last few years. yeah. and the fall in the fuse if activity lucila ah hello sir. so how is it to the eugenio?

i am in the middle checking the signals, but for the moment i can see any significant variations on it. despite its huge surface area of around 1200 square kilometers. aetna is one of the most monitored volcanoes in the world. researchers track its activity in numerous laboratories. the tiniest variations could be precursors to an imminent eruption. and there is another danger lurking not far away. several kilometers north of aetna in the mediterranean is europe's largest active volcano, the underwater volcano. marcy lee is situated at a depth of around 3500 meters. there's another underwater volcano near the elian island chain off the island of panorama. francesco italiano and his team have been observing it since it was discovered in 2002.

but another, a quickly re center is another. can you see? look, you can really see the bubbles that arising to the surface. well, these are the most intense hydrothermal emissions that we've seen here in panorama . but it's all carbon dioxide said philip and a lot of hydrogen sulfide loudy. you can smell the sulfur in the air. and that's the 1st thing we noticed when we came to study pen ariano, what we didn't expect of the time was that under the sea, there was a whole world we couldn't see from above local minimum. this underwater volcano has actually been extinguished for millennia. regardless of praise under rascal breed, okay. it was a huge surprise. discovered that the fluids were rising to the surface in chimneys 3 to 4 meters high. it was such a surprise because it meant that the fluid finding their way upwards through these

ancient structures on for the whole fed by a volcano jelly made so reduced with that there was a major hydrothermal system that we needed to take a closer look at. and put up also a demo for ya to man. and over the centuries, these fluids forged more than $200.00 chimneys. oh, they consist of iron oxide and have a red orange color. this mineral forest is only 70 meters below the surface, which makes it an exceptional observation site for scientists or elsewhere in the world. this type of geological formation is only found at much greater ocean depths . oh, it was here that francesco juliano made an extraordinary discovery. so they're going to leave me for a mother who she v r c. the federal was these grains from iron oxide shells which foam around each other creating what we call,

what are some of it's the same type of deposit that has been photograph or mass. we know that or not either the origin of life is linked to hydrothermal systems or maybe in which life forms use chemical elements to survive. seeing that we have the same on the water hydrothermal system of moss could mean that the reforms of light from the red planet to, if he got his oman along in the submarine. volcano of ton of ria, is now a giant laboratory. and scientists are only just beginning their investigation in the torrini and see the volcanoes are anything but quiet across the water from the island of pan. ria, there is another volcano, feared by humans for centuries. the strum boley. it's one of the most active volcanoes on the planet. it spews its incandescent lava danes night owning the nickname,

light house of the mediterranean. at 926 meters high, it's classified as a strato volcano. built up by many layers of hardened lava. woken ologist explore the northern flank of the island. the shot at the photo, the stream of fire. it's a horseshoe shaped depression, with a highly unstable, $36.00 degree slope. in december, 2002. the stream of fire was the scene of a spectacular event. 20000000 cubic meters of rock crashed into the sea, triggering a soon army with waves of up to 10 meters high.

scientists now know what caused this dramatic event. as magma rose to the surface, it warped this section of the volcano which began to swell. the rock began to crack in numerous places, triggering the land slide, which in turn brought on a tidal wave book in ologist mout, arossi and his team have developed a new technology to bring this unstable fact under control conditions. what's the radar? reading law only stable on the sharon thanks to this high resolution radar, the scientists can now track the slightest movements in the ground 24 hours a day period zayden we managing to produce images of the movements of the shower

del fuko. is it a machine works like a photocopier each? if there have been any shifts of land damaged when these would be picked up by comparing 2 images and study them? and it could mean that there's a risk of the shower, they'll for co collab mike, and he wouldn't be ticklish either for go what he said he found out in the 2002 sir nami remained spout arossi of a terrible event that took place in the 14th century, as described by the italian writer, pet rock chest, that's all and now pony in grande prairie. there was a huge tremor in naples and a loud noise during the night which woke every one of our d. 8 durant, a lam athena, quite in the morning down at the port corpses and mooned people were scattered in the water, cannot stop and will d laptop a new the shit he wrote,

broken like soft eggs floating on the water. a job on the meadow a la carte one doll and now pains so specter can eat do when the theory was put forward that he do could have been the cause of his deadly su nami. that's when i decided to come to stromboli because some of it was to look for evidence that a tidal wave had indeed taken place at that precise time. they do not sit on me. i've been open, quail ma, main forces from room on the island of stromboli, the vulcan ologist, found traces of this disaster buried one meter underground. little caveat, multiple bottle solo name at the alley. we found this brown color laconic materials book. let him alone. it got sick. what i mean thing reasonable konica the past 16th, that is something the most interesting part is this sand layer, a case called danny anchor. it contains round pebbles and is irrefutable proof that it was indeed created by astronomy. serrato queen anne up at all by nick we will

cabella k, great louisiana and region it up to nami sub gammel, k. miss ramble. eco bonaparte thought, be she me by measuring the radio carbon in the underlying layer, we were able to data to the mid 14th century shantel queen the only at that age coincides with astronomy, observed by patriarch and naples. cast out all said rattled up, it's alca, a novel by measuring the thickness of this layer and its distribution across the island mouth, arossi was able to prove that the tidal wave reached a height of over 20 meters. in 2019 tourists were nearly drowned by a similar wave. ah, since then, the whole island has been under a permanent tsunami alert. motto is convinced that we might very well see

a repeat of the deadly tidal wave that hit naples in the 14th century. what i say in football, she full self, all my silly little ceramic glossy dementia. only calif another son, ami was formed because of a land fight on the shot. a defalco law. the resulting way would travel northwards and reached the port of naples in about 20 minutes. if i ginger bear impulsively, not fully alan, she came to me it wouldn't take long for the port of naples and surrounding area to be completely destroyed by a giant wave. another potential threat for the region given the threat of the flag green fields, the soviet aetna, the undersea volcano of pan or ria and stromboli, some 4000000 inhabitants of the gulf of naples have had to learn to live with omnipresent danger. the catastrophe that devastated the city of pompei 2000 years

ago shows what an eruption might do in august of the year 79, a. d, pompei, a city 30 kilometer south of naples, was consumed by ash. the soviet had been dormant for 800 years. but that night, the volcano came to life ah, to day after many centuries of excavation, the remains of pompei or a unique treasure trove for scientists. this exceptional archaeological site has enabled claudius gar party to conduct

a detailed examination of the evolution of the russian and its destructive impact on the human population. will okay with young cree a dorothy? well, we can see here on his, the whole sequence of events that occurred in 7981. there are 2 main layers for a lower layer, which is made a promise of with stones of different sizes you barrier. and there's a clear separation and the upper straw t. m is composed of layers of ashley, is that these are the 2 main phases of eruption she valley fantasy. the little sure these observations have enabled scientists to partially reconstruct the 1st phase of the eruption. a massive column from deep inside the volcano, rows at an average speed of 400 meters per 2nd. it contained millions of tons of ash and to pumice. the energy released was

$100000.00 times greater than that of the hiroshima bomb. according to the scientists calculations, the eruption ejected around 4 cubic kilometers of stone and lava. the plume of smoke reached 32 kilometers into the sky. that's almost 30 times higher than vesuvius itself. at this altitude, the column assumed the form of a pine tree witnessed by the way there plenty, this kind of a rupture is now known as a pliny interruption. pumice and ash then rained down on pompei people, had no time to flee, and were buried in an instant. the corpses eventually decomposed, leaving a hollow imprint in the compacted ash. scientists later filled the cavities with plaster. these plaster casts of the people of pompei show their desperate attempts to escape the deadly ash with

dish. yeah, mollified chevy jam, or you can see the expression on the face and the position of the body. this is vitally important because it allows us to capture the person's last moments love and to understand what actually caused that bad quality. so not yet ain't again other than the novel i'm often he wasted was the best. after 19 hours of this devastating ash rain, the eruption entered its 2nd even more deadly phase. as the gas pressure dropped, the 32 kilometer plume of smoke imploded. this triggered an avalanche, a fire called pyro plastic flows, traveling down the sides of the volcano at hundreds of kilometers an hour

in the ruins of this roman villa, archaeologists covered victims from the 2nd phase of the eruption. one person seemed to be desperately trying to protect another by putting an arm around them. ah, there was a settles over the lint then the do not live. a moment of these victims found themselves inside a cloud, which was probably dozens, if not hundreds of meters. they actually provide a cloud of ash if you could miss or, and volcanic gases, you probably reaching temperatures of a 100 degrees that they were undoubtedly suffocated by the density of the ash,

which was found in the pirate plastic clothes with the going to be built. and they would have died within minute is judy akani, noti, cloudy, or scar, party scientific approach is to examine the remains of the past in order to anticipate the future. and he is not the only scientist to ask the worrying question. could naples ever become another pompei? i wasn't to resent the key fossil it. no virginia. interesting is that generations born off the last erosion in 1944 o'clock. i have never seen the volcano erupt, added on, or they've never seen the famous cream of smoke above vesuvius. visual and so they see a volcano to calm, dorman gun, and that doesn't need to be fed don't. but on the contrary, it's a very active volcanoes. it was which could erupt intensely at any time, and we don't know when in september or with how much force renewed year, we know for certain that it will happen a in the bay of naples. the highest priority

remains the surveillance of the flag green fields. after sunset, scientists begin their monitoring work. they are looking for the slightest tremors, changes that could affect the lives of millions to night and recomp rota and her assistant are observing the p. sure. rarely for moral with the thermal camera if and i mean violet. gabriella, think that i would only gather a like i'm in, i'm a good vital that the sun's rays don't influence the temperature of the magnetic chamber. so that's why we work at night. i was at the moment, we can see the maximum temperature is 85 degrees. if we move the camera to focus on the flu, morell's own, but we can see that there's a huge amount of energy, pamela, and considerable gas emissions when something which wasn't happening 10 years ago. and i couldn't believe it's impossible to go there now. lesson. so that's why we

use jones, you did exactly the vulnerable this drone can fly up to an altitude of 100 meters and cover the entire piece yarelly area, which is growing rapidly. p a. demolition here for example, we have a surface area of around a kilometer from we can see straight away which are the zones with the greatest thermal anomalies finish over time. and we can work out if these abnormal zones are rising or falling in temperature. this then gives us an idea of the situation of the magnetic system. and recon now repeats these procedures every month as the signs of the volcanic activity become more concerning ah, but erections aren't the only dangers linked to the volcanoes. the town of foot sorely is located close to the preacher really for moral. a very rare geological

event occurred here in the 1980s known as brady se ism brady say is a means that the ground rises and falls very slowly. when magnetic fluids and flat layers of rock rise, the rock is warped and lifted upwards. this deformation creates cracks. if these reached the surface, they can cause earthquakes. the heat from the magma can then escape through the flu morales. when the magnetic fluid subside, the rock is warped in the opposite direction and the ground collapses. almost as though the volcanoes breathing with falcon ologist moto, devito, believes the situation has become even more dangerous since the 1980s. ah, linda solomon did his other little vanilla see

a very slow uplift began in 2006 stage by stage accompanied by seismic activity. and then from 2018, the rhythm has been more or less constant with an important increase which is still going on today. hello, she thought the total defamation from 2006 to the present day is around 70 centimeters in the central zona, put wally mapquest on me. that this is certainly one of the reasons that i'm worried, but i can't give it a times go. if we can't know or say if the next to russian will take place to morrow. in 6 months or in 20 years up the man he fuzzy macy robin. danny scientists believe that if an eruption did take place, it could look like this. and a rubbed of column around 15 to 20 kilometers high. ejecting huge blooms of magma and tons of ashes, which the wind would carry to naples and beyond. it's

estimated that there would be just 30 minutes to evacuate. the 4000000 people living nearby at the put so all the civil protection center security teams are on maximum alert in the event of interruption of the flip green fields. this is the area facing the greatest threat that's happening to thank you everyone for your assessment of the situation. if i don't think we should as finish the stromboli, vulcan ologist motor rossi is also responsible from monitoring operations in the region. every 2 months he meets civil protection professionals and volunteers to plan for the potential evacuation of thousands of people of them and think well, all obviously, if the conditions were such that we had to pass to a level orange alert, evacuation plan for the whole of the fly korean zone did happen in 2 ways,

either autonomously using their own vehicles or by assisted evacuation for those physically incapable of leaving on their own home and get out and get them back. helena money, although everything's ready on paper so far, the plans haven't been put to the test in towns with winding frequently congested streets. oh, this isn't simply a logistical problem. despite the ever present danger, locals feel a deep sense of attachment to the land. or if it is familiar with bonnie lamb, yet i prefer to die here where i was born and where all my ancestors were born. because i'm an old put yolanda. it's in my blood. it's not something you can explain. you born, you live and you die. hell, the scientists say is both true and whoring, but we're staying here still and what will be lumpy. humans have

always lived here alongside the volcanoes. the burning mountains are an integral part of their culture. if an eruption does one day appear, eminent, scientists want to be able to issue a timely warning ah, in the pan a rear region, with its active underwater volcano, they've made an unexpected discovery that were on the vault line. this time biologists are exploring the area by one time and can you see where we are on what we should be there suddenly with yes, this is the chimneys on with on 2015. okay. with the shuttle to better understand this zone with 200 chimneys scientists are using a remote controlled underwater vehicle or r o v. hello. it's equipped with

a high definition camera and an articulated arm which can be operated from the ship . the device enables unprecedented exploration of the hydrothermal vents. whitfield county can't be almost all anthony. these are the chimneys that we discovered 5 years ago. one of them, yeah, i me go to solicit with striking is all the living creatures surrounding them. because around the chimneys, there are fairly extreme conditions. for example, a very acidic ph level. and c o 2 emissions, which are higher than in others, owns only masonic anything i got on the, on my job and he spent all on the entire area is full of life. and so it seems organisms have adapted to their environment to me and it was on a foggy thompson, that it's an astonishing ecosystem. in such extreme conditions, with high gas levels, life ought not to be viable. the biologists explain this by the presence of

bacteria, which feed on the minerals produced by the gas by transforming them into energy. the bacteria sustained the whole area. a clear sign that in a volcanic environment where explosions can be deadly, new life can emerge again. one of the scientists, primary goals, is to continue research into this paradox of nature. the bay of naples and area of volcanic turbulence, where the end of one world could mean the beginning of another conflict. so with sarah kelly, my gosh, this week on conflict zone is a renowned foreign policy expert who has spent most of her career analyzing vladimir putin, russia. fiona hill joined me from washington where she has advised for you as presidents and walker to buck on whether she thinks the boys heading was this good

plan all along or had decades and power changed hands. conflict zone in 30 minutes on d. w. o . interest. the global economy, our portfolio, g w, business beyond. here's a closer look at the project. our mission. to analyze the fight for market dominance. east. this is wes. good. it head with the w business beyond. ah ah

ah ah ah, the state of lena is lying from berlin, ukraine's president holiday. we are, the landscape arrives in washington dc. he's meeting us president joe biden at the white house 4 talks on the war, and ukraine later is the landscape is due to address a joint session of congress. ah.