extra to some pretty wacky places, with curiosity is required to borrow to day next on d. w. global ideas is on its way to bring you more conservation. how do we make cities greener? how can we protect habitats? we can make a difference. global ideas, environmental series of global $3000.00 on d, w, and online. pres, strict routines and rules are all part of life in a monastery. one scientist discovered that something in that lifestyle is actually good for men's health. also, in december, the christian world celebrates christmas. the bible tells of a bright light shining over the city where jesus was born. it's not really clear

what astronomical phenomenon this could refer to. possibly the close encounter of 2 planets in the firmament. certainly there is plenty of evidence of other heavenly events here on earth in the form of tons of space, dust. hello and welcome to to morrow to day this science show on d. w. nowadays it is thought unlikely that the bright light described in the bible over bethlehem was a comment, as they generally regarded as a bad omen. and although comments or meteorites seldom really pose a danger to us, the remains of cosmic bodies do rain down on earth in the form of 9 tons of cosmic dust. to do what you might think is just plain does in the road, might actually have hail from out face. these men produce an awful

lot of dust with their sweeping. though it may look like ordinary spring cleaning, the 2 are actually conducting ground based space research. somewhere on this roof is material from outer space. if asenia, indian bassetti model trying to find micro meteorites in the sediments on this roof shall particular of their like cosmic dust, particles that fly around in the solar system before being captured by the earth's gravitation. or done fonda, it's the micro media rides can be found within this dust to elsie's stop here. before the search for cosmic dusty took place on expeditions to the north pole. today, citizens, scientists like dr. mikka and tilo hossa search for the tiny meteorites that alicia says to upstarts. what makes it so exciting is this direct connection between out of space and down here in the city. to in stud,

along for the latest alex, i really started searching for micro media rights on roofs in 2018. so since then i've found and analyzed around 1000 of them and i've got around 400 that i'm still working on. she own at, at fi and above i told the to get to work, sifting through the dust. a thieves catch is everything that's bigger than a grain of sand might cry. meteor rights can measure up to 3 millimeters in size, that even the smallest ones are considered enormous in the world of particles. the next stage of the process involves using a strong magnet. since the majority of the meteorites contain iron, us all bustling. i'll see it as to what you see here is that a lot of what sticks is a mixture of organic, an inorganic, small particles, attic. there are certainly grains of sand that are caught up in it to get along with one or 2 micro media. right? so hopefully at least while ever know as

a snake to find my friend meteorites in the mounds of dust from the big city there is such as must sift and clean their samples many times after that is when the search really gets going for the initiators of the citizens science project at the berlin museum of natural history, a few kilometers away. that an sca glaze harker supervise is the such for cosmic dust. normally he deals with much bigger space particles which are literally raised major i, it's like the ones you see in the straw come from the asteroid belt. that's an area between mars and jupiter, where small celestial bodies can be found. i know plenty of who called what they've remained largely unchanged since their creation was on, on the creation of the solar system. so that's also where the majority of my crime

meteorites come from in the asteroid belt pieces of cosmic materials, collide with each other, constantly creating huge dust clouds in the process. after losing their speed, these fragments spiral inwards towards the sun, putting them on a collision course for us. but some micro meteorites come from much farther away by michael me to replace the corner. it's even possible some of the really small, like your meteorites come from, comments. we're all familiar with comments from seeing their streaming tails in the night. sky. come up with some oil. they come from way out in the solar system where it's very cold. they all the contain a lot of water and dusty, lamenting, be squash rehearsal. when these bodies come nearer to the sun, not water vaporizes on dust is released all. this just can then rain down to earth as a micro meteorite or as dust when we talk about standstill corner of the egg. or even these cosmic particles contain information about the creation of our solar system.

but the small time caps hills that difficult to find in big city dust, even under a microscope, flat dark and not too angular. those are usually the characteristics of micro meteor writes. there's a, his sincere, that one's a very good candidate, sir. it's darker than the surrounding particles in that particular sam, it has a much surface and doesn't shine too much. or it has a structured surface. at least one of these can. i can't really tell because of the ridges. we'd have to look at that under a scanning electron microscope. we should choose dot one. it looks ideal as hostile is what a long or so then we want to dig that one out of the sample gazette recognizable small black spot. there, suspicion that it could be cosmic dust can only be verified with the help of a scanning electron microscope.

and she pushes the, the disease peaks here. a typical study indicate high amounts of magnesium, silicon and iron. those 3 elements make up the majority of these particles. sometimes in addition to the typical make up, the surface of the particle also gives away its outer space origin. these olive like crystals, they're also found on us, but on our planet, they never show such fine structures. was the indistinct as the reason for that is the short history of the flight of the micro media and the earth atmosphere itself slows down and starts to glow down what we're talking about. temperatures of around 2000 degrees celsius is up to the entirety of the material is melted to a drop of glass is what cools off in a process that takes just a few seconds actually really is equal. the simply not enough time for the formation of a large crystal just how to pin, but nevertheless,

there is enough time for the atoms to take on crystal like structures in klein and moscow in a crystal. the initiative of these scientists and others worldwide has helped to assert shall cosmic dust particles take flight like they're larger compatriots. micro meteor writes may help us to better understand the origin of the solar system and of planet earth. ah, religion seek to explain the world and how it came into being doctrine and rules for how he should live our lives are derived from that. nuns and monks tend to adhere to such rules, particularly closely one reset, who was interested in finding out what impact living such well, structed lives had only a time here on earth, and came up with some surprising findings.

halligan, coach. abby is a cistercian monastery in austria, not far from the capital vienna o. founded nearly 900 years ago. the abbey is currently home to 50 monks. o life here is still ordered, according to centuries old traditions. and that's precisely why population scientist mark louis has been interested for years in people living in monasteries. he studied both how they live and how they die. a tour of the abbey cemetery shows very few of the monks here died. young and that has sparked marked lou his interest. he wants to know why men generally don't live as long as women. not in america, i guns and monks. i'm very useful in studying. i've questioned us because they have

way more similarities than men and women in the general population in terms of non biological factors, august, the lifestyle living conditions, daily routines, working conditions or diet, and it hasn't, i've found on. so here we have the opportunity to study the rolled up purely biological factors might play in the differences in life expectancy between women and men, follow maintenance and misdirect on the school to color. but for that, mark louis needs data. he wants to know if men at the abbey have a shorter life expectancy than the women like in the population at large, the abbey's archives reveal the answers. they contained thousands of books and documents, some of them dating back centuries. mark louis is especially interested in this so called, profess books. they record all the nuns and monks personal data. from the day they enter a monastery till the day they die. the entries state right back to the 19th century as it is seated over and the goal was to use the stated to calculate the life

expectancy of monks and nuns separation and then to see how they differ in comparison and how they differ from the life expectancy of women and men in the population as a whole funder lever service. in other words, we're looking at the life expectancy of both sexes and the difference between them about on the foul under the miller says. this evaluation of the data from more than 16000 monks and nuns yielded surprising results when compared to the statistics for the population as a hole. in the 1990s, for example, men in the general population died nearly 7 years younger on average than women. mark lewis calculations for the nuns show there is little difference between their life expectancy and that of other women shown here by the red lines. the surprise was that the monks shown here in blue live nearly 5 years longer than men in the wider population. the psych doyle, the difference in life expectancy between men and women can't be down to biological

fighters. for the most part. i'll data shows that there's a difference of no more than one year when you look at just biological factors. so in the 9090s as the 6 years on average that women live longer than men, 4 must have been down to non biological factors yellowish effect, one bit innovation side even the monks don't live forever, but life at the monastery does appear to protect them from premature death. brother nicholas has lived at the monastery for 5 years. what does he think of the results? oh yeah, so, but i am very surprised though my love i normally we monks are keen to get to heaven as fast as possible and not live a long time here on earth another. but the lord god still has a saying it and uses us as tools for the benefit of others direct. so again, the via for under, in flight or sign. so anyhow. so i'll just divine intervention. mark lewis thinks otherwise. in the next step,

he analyzed the causes of death at monasteries and compared them with the general population. here to the results were surprising for each cause of death, the monks have a lower mortality rate than other men. the difference is especially high when it comes to cardiovascular disease and cancer. miss natalie, obviously there are among us who smoke and drink alcohol hardens, but according to our data and not to the same extent as in the general population of our muslim finding and, and above all, you don't have that really excessive cigarette and alcohol consumption. i couldn't get it in consume, and of course that's reflected in the overall mortality rate and causes of death such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. but there are also other factors other i think stress could play a big role. if a motor does stress on the course of understand the of the likely to start on the 1st, maybe it's because we just have variety in our daily routine and target upload. we're quite structured. the average doctor here. we start with pres, again, have breaks in between how it work will have other tasks single day in mouth,

under the arb item. and so we're taking care of mind, body and soul alternately, as it were, him out of vixen, so our lives are not so one sided like canines. i described that by the monks are also part of a close community. from the moment they enter a monastery until their death. but what is the key to aging healthily? what do the monks do differently that causes them to live longer than the general population? unlike the nuns, to answer that question mark louis needs information from the individuals living at monasteries today. for 10 years now, he's been conducting repeated health surveys among a group of around 1000 nuns and monks. his aim is to identify the factors that are responsible for the amongst longer good health that is damaged, mia can i think if we can glean more information, we'll have a more complete picture with very valuable knowledge. heard showing people how they

can live longer and one and how they can stay healthy for as long as possible and finding and moving slang. acres on solid. mark lou, he is due to complete his surveys soon. then he will begin analyzing that new data together with his team. oh, the garden has always played a very important role in monastery life, monks and nuns, cultivated medicinal and other useful plants. then the god on this old plan of the abbey of saint collins, switzerland shows that an entire bed was dedicated to growing different types of cabbage. and lots of different crusoe for his call to vars derived from wild cabbage. and each one is very distinctive. kabbage is a true chameleon by the look of these vegetables. it's hard to imagine that they

are close relatives, but they do all have one common ancestor wild cabbage, or brassy cut alysia, a humble plant species from the crucifix branch of which there are several varieties existing still to day. all of our cabbages, a cultivate of it. to create new species, certain parts of the original wild kabbage were altered, kale has largely leaves. with brussel sprouts, the buds of the lateral shoots grow to a certain size. cold robbie forms a large stem axis with cauliflower, the blossom is enormous. with a head of cabbage, the main chute is shortened and the leaves. the layered into a rounded form kale was probably one of the 1st crucifix cultivars. even the ancient greeks knew wild cabbages closest relative back in the 4th century

b. c. legend has it. that cabbage was formed from the sweat of zeus. scientists believe that the ancestors of our modern crew, sephora vegetables were cultivated in antiquity. back then, however, the head of cabbage had yet to be invented. people in the middle ages continued to cultivate the kinds of cabbage we know to day, such as co robbie. in the 8th century, a primitive form of col, robbie was described in one of charlemagne agricultural policies. more. the cultivation of heads of cabbage only got going in the middle ages, hid a guard from bingham and none mentioned both red and white cabbage in her writings . in the 12th century, to day white cabbage is the most widely grown, crucified in germany. some even referred to germans as crowds from their word for

cabbage. not exactly a flattering nickname. still white cabbage is rich in vitamin e and b to carotene. in the 19th century, brussels sprouts were planted for the 1st time near brussels. they contain more victim and see than every other crucifix vegetable twice as much as a lemon. even kale, however, reigns supreme as the king of the cabbage is a super food. it contains more of almost every kind of nutrient than all the others . but all types of cabbage have one thing in common. they're all very healthy. and the flavors of crucifix vegetables are as varied as their appearance, where the savory somewhat sweet or bitter. the common denominator is the classic cabbage taste and the smell that's triggered by the mustard oils they contain. and of course, the gentler, the preparation, the more nutrients they provide. christopher's vegetables

have inspired many diets. they're healthy and low in calories. in the past, people used to swear by the cabbage soup, diet, eating it for a week, can help you lose weight temporarily at least more because it stops you eating more color if it food than anything else. but there have been some fun with a diet dream of being skinny in the past, it led to some unusual forms of treatment. in the 18th century, soap was prescribed for weight loss at 1st to be drunk as soap water. later it was sold as something with which to wash away fat. the tape worm die, it was fashionable around the year. 1900. the fat killer worm was to eat the food in dyer's bellies before they could digest it. an idea more dangerous than helpful . oh, less dramatic, but totally ineffective at keeping the fat away. in the 19 sixty's

massage machines were claimed to redistribute body fat or even make it disappear back then excess 1000000000 hip that was known as corpulent. then came the dawn of weight loss bills and powders and of scandals. thanks to sometimes serious side effects only the ingredient or the stat better known as zenick out is still on the market today. it may influence fat metabolism, but it has not lead to a major breakthrough. the best way to stay fit and healthy is not his store of your body of food, but to eat a balanced diet with no oh, very few processed phase straight from farm to full, if possible, yet much, farmland is anything but healthy and intensive agriculture. in particular, it takes a heavy toll on the soil. so how will we be able to feed to wills,

growing population in the future? one idea is by growing edible cells in bio reactive, ah, ah, agriculture and animal farming are anything but natural. according to oliver sting, a professor of sustain development at the bottom university of applied sciences, he thinks agriculture is an attack on nature, because it replaces the existing ecosystem with crop plant, which needs fertilizers and water and leaves the land baron after multiple harvests . kitchen for she dinner, there are different forms of agriculture, but the way it's mostly practiced worldwide. large monoculture field using pesticides and synthetic fertilizer is a big problem as i sampled intruding on i'm, as i would say, that the biggest environmental damage worldwide is the result of this form of agriculture chapter 30. and the consequences of this form of agriculture are

species law, soil erosion, and climate change. if you look at what's happened since the year, 2000, the harvests of many crops have gone down and these losses will definitely increase in the future. was that when we feel the further effects of climate change, we should actually produced 10 percent more to be on the safe side. once, if we were to change our ways spine, for example, ceasing meet production around one 3rd of the world's agricultural land is used for grazing and growing animal feed. however, even if we all became vegetarian, crop yields would still have to increase the win montero secular. shawn benoit had seen me if you're really trying to provide 10000000000 people with enough food, then it only makes sense to do it differently than we have in the past. all the receipts are torn. according to oliver sting out, the solution is a new kind of agriculture, vertical farming plants that don't grow in

a field or even more radical cellular agriculture, edible cells that grow in a buyer reactor not to plant the bio technician, math mood, mastery at the technical university of munich is surrounded by bio reactive. he believes they could be a vital tool in change in the wild food that grows in tanks instead of as part of the plant or animal. the bio reactive provides bacteria fundy, or even live cells with the warmth and nutrients they need to grow. this basically happens in one of 3 ways. either organisms or cells reproduce and the cells can be harvested or used for further processes. or the organisms produce a substance that can be harvested or one substance is transformed into another in the bio reactor for that to happen. the reactor needs enzymes, special molecules that accelerate chemical reactions. similar to the ones,

milt needs to become cheese. mac mood mass raised by a reactor is using yeast cells to produce a cooking oil. he says he can produce loads of it. yes, yes, this is the perfect cooking oil. it has no negative effect on the environment with them. my mood, missouri is the co founder of a company called global sustainable transformation. he and his team provide the know how fathers across the globe who want to use such methods of production scaled up to a 1000 leaders, everything works fine. we have the same productivity. the next step is hopefully scaling it up to $100000.00 leaders by next year. the heart of the technology is east south. they can be fed anything including organic waste. they form a lot of oil very quickly. but the process requires a few steps and

a total of 3 bio reactive wheaton store is introduced to the 1st by a reactor. enzymes turn it into a substance that yeast cells love to feed on. own the information i that these enzymes turned the residue into little bits of sugar and dryness looks into soccer. missouri then feeds the sugar to yeast cells in the 2nd, react after the cells multiply and produce oil. after 3 days, they consist almost entirely of oil. to harvest this, it has to be extracted from the south. next, special enzymes in the 3rd reactor dissolved the cell walls and the oil flips to the top. the result is oil of the same quality as palm oil. what can it compete in price to december? 3rd, it's a bit more expensive than normal palm oil,

but it might be able to compete with palm oil prices in the next 3 to 4 years. compared to palm oil cultivation, mahmoud, missouri's bio react his produce hardly any c o 2 and require just 180th of finance space. ah, and that's all for this week. thanks for watching and see you next time on tomorrow to day. the sign show on d. w. remember to stay curious bye. ah ah, ah with

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