d, w, are you ready to get a little more extreme? ah, these places in europe are smashing all the records. stepped into a bold adventure. just don't lose your grip. is the treasure map for modern globetrotters? discover some of your groups wykard breaking sites on that too. and now also in book form with for thousands of years, we humans have made a living from what we cultivate on our fields, and what we harvest on our fruit and vegetable plantations. however intensive

agriculture, when use has negative consequences for the climate will for television of the soil, greenhouse emissions, reduced. biodiversity. how can be advance of degenerated to farming? that's what we're looking at today on eco india. hello and welcome on some of that ago. we start in the district of jo, a legion in the state of my rush truck, with increasingly erratic, green fall, and poor soil quality. years of intensive farming and poor irrigation methods have also led to a steady degradation of soil, which has impacted the livelihoods of local farmers. this prompted one environmentalist to try out other regenerated to farming methods adapted to the specific needs of the veteran. the me chung look on bottle is a cotton farmer from john gone district 3 years ago he fell sick and even after

repeated trips to the hospital, his health didn't improve aligning body. i started coughing a lot and would gordon, especially in the night i was diagnosed with pneumonia in my blood as michael yet. and then levels were quite high and the doctor towards me, i have a kid need to be easier. why they want someone something to blow the bottle is one among many young farmers in this part of the country who develop kidney problems with no prior medical history. it wasn't clear why, but dr. sargje was a kidney specialist from mom who saw this on visits to his ancestral village, and joe gong had a pity in 2016, when i started an outpatient clinic and gentle go. and then i realized that there were so many be people from the region coming in,

chronic and notices of unknown utility. and that's what made me think that there is definitely impact of the exposure of pesticides and how to besides to these patients, which is leading to or to the disease. and because he can indices me, jot down district. is it on 400 kilometers? not of mom. by and home to around 2500 villages, where the main occupation is agriculture. historically, the land was fertile with 2 rivers cutting to its landscape. farm of here grew maze cotton and a range of fruits and vegetables. but they now switch their primary harvest depending on what brings maximum yield. farming here has become intensive driven by cash crops. and so chemicals of hacked to become an important part of the mix. and this is what dr. le, finding leads to a number of health conditions as well as environment of deterioration like the

impact on soil, according to soil experts, k be part of the quality of the soil has dropped, and it's losing components needed to carry out its most important functions. in delgado, the soil are gonna carbon has gone down to point 2 percent. so it has to be a minimum barton hope to say not by and zone, but it's not minimum one percent. katie thought it was conducted by our booth who was determined to change things in his village. he had inherited his father's field and saw this is an opportunity to try out the new farming method. i don't him guy want this to be completely chemical. what can you do for me? you said, yes, we can produce fertilizers on the side just next to the blood. and, but i don't him, how can we do this? he says, yes, that isn't my 3rd together. and they started working on regenerative agriculture, a method of farming and harmony with nature that has 4 basic principles. one of

them is growing a 2nd crop right next to the main one. this is called a color crop, and it acts as a natural fertilizer. the roots of these crop head, feed, earthworms, and other fall again ism, which loses an important condition for the foot lies ation process. ah, eventually what will happen is all of this we're doing seeing will eventually get be composed by what we call as a g. o. chemical breakdown, and this actually provides nutrients to design your soil fertility. ambrose and your productivity actually goes up, might be fours then your actual chemical for me. and what you get is this dotted sign, which is a very, very rich and carmen. this is the conversion of the electrochemical energy into this sticky substance in design,

which last 4 may be decades is a very, very strong indicator of soil fertility. this method does have criticisms, including a lack of long term studies and lower lead. in this case, it gave to dr. turn farmer, an abundant unit produce, including oranges cost apples dome or a ginger and bio usually the custard apple, or non grafted ceiling gusted up and usually flowers at 40 years in a traditionally grown feed. but what happened, the earth was a completely wind blowing, though we started getting the flowers at 6 months and which we, obviously, we wanted the blood to grow and we didn't want the stress of fruiting. but at 2 years, we now had a bumper harvest, and that is only because of the practices which we are adopted. k

b part. it also says potential in this method beyond the fact that it is not detrimental to human health. today in this country, shall we how our 384000000 tons production of 40 grand, but this country is not nutritional. take your time to mag this country as a new trish. this is a good country. we how to look at to the model. like, why do we say it is gender, do farming and high take vitamin dodge? food is not taking his learning beyond his phone and talking to other families. and joe, go about the advantages of regenerative techniques. one of the 1st people he was able to convince was gender cons button, whose health has since improved ah, yet all night. not sure. if you don't want to say it is important for us to move

toward natural farming. and even if the preview is not as much, we are responsible for feeding the future generation. and it's important. we grow chemical freeport. when we use the specified, the whitman's and nutrients are destroyed in the plan and elated. you know, joe, that it is our job to give the new generation hell be and that by we have to move toward natural farming. now, going to draw like i knew last sandria should be good. look on what our love money dodge booth reaches out to as many farmers as we can. but dickie lee from those regions where there is excessive use of chemical fertilizers. everybody, once again it be, they want a financial that got it. and once we were able to show them good, this is how we do and this is proffered ability. many of them started realizing gay visual significantly reduce or to be in acknowledging stability is crucial as

foremost try to balance this need with the help. regenerate of agriculture could be one avenue that works for them. farmers in northern india still set fire to their fields every winter after house thing to burn the crop press to do. this ancient practice is the easiest way to clear the fields for new crops. however, it leads to massive air pollution and it's a waste of resources. we visited and entrepreneur who's found a way to reuse crop residue by processing it into sustainable products. ah, the handy girls, these women are leaving may look ordinary. but the material they're using is the subject of much contention. in india, it's crop ways that most farmers burn to get rid of the emissions contribute to dia, seasonal evolution across a wide swath of the countries. not this initiative in the city of bonnie but sauces

harvest residue from local farms and to run by designer irish human done. she sees crops double as a resource that can be used to make decorative objects and help take the pressure off the environment. first is, you know, they're still running and no binding will be reduced. second, as my products are ready, us as david, but environmental cheney so it, it, it will eyes. i said it will buy a d, v, then composed of us. so there would be no need for dirty cycling off in the indian capital is 200 kilometers away. though vehicles an industry contribute to bad air quality, all your round. that is notorious smog beaks and went up. when farmers in the nearby states of flint jargon elliana dodged their fields to clear them. for the next sewing season. toxic smoke from stubble, burning gets trapped in the atmosphere. fattening the health of hundreds of millions of people in the region of smoking they got even if you don't smoke,

if you're out on delhi street. so to thank you like smoking your cigarettes, my grandmother is also living in daily and she is always gumble, anyone, lear and she, gandhi, when go out of those, india is largely agreed in country and the woods stopped rice exports every year it produces close to 500000000 tons of agricultural waste light. some types of crop residue are suitable as fargo for lifestyle. animals simply don't like the taste of stalks left over from dryscal season. no, get rid of the harvest residue. farmers set an estimated $23000000.00 tons of bodies doubling every year. the indian agricultural research institute and delhi has been looking for ways to tackle the problem of stubborn learning. a problem it's head of microbiology says, has mounted over the past decade. as thing was done manually,

so the stumble portion which was left below in the soil was a very small this thing. so that could be grid itself with some time. but now because it is a machine harvesting, so stumbled size has increased. so that's why you know, this struggle problem is there, and because the farmers are now going for intensive groping, they do not leave the i would say, feel fennel, stubble, burning doesn't just cause evolution. it also diminishes so nutrients. heat from the fires penetrates the ground killing bacteria and fungi that are critical to soil fertility. so neil, but these research team has developed an organic spray that comes to the rescue of thought, the air and the soil. it's called the poolside, the composer microbial solution made up of 7 different fungi. these produce enzymes to breakdown crop leftovers directly on the fields and down the waste into

fertilizer and less than a month available as capsules powder or solution. but the composer is activated when mixed with january water and fluff. the amount needed to break down one ton of stubble. costs $22.00 piece or $23.00 euro cents. loss deal. the product was used by farmers across some 200000 hector's of agricultural land. so definitely the application of course are decomposed that will reduce the bargaining. and we have seen in the last couple of years that it is a reduction in the maddening of bagley as you do to dan and is a farmer in commander of village, a village on the outskirts of delhi. for the last 3 years, he has used the d composer to eliminate the stubble on his field. and he is on the deeper bed for the next sewing season. yeah, i'm the baker. if you look at the sphere, the we have plowed, you will only find straws,

the smallest this tiny dog. and once we watered the fields, everything we get dissolved into the soil. yes, as proof in front of you that the stubble on the previous crop is now turned into fertilizer. i was here. this is the stubble from the last crop. boy, nothing will be left and has been with me. everything is dissolved into the soil. equip anybody? ah, given a lack of affordable logged on it is to thought that feet farmers like down and see the decomposition as a potential game changer. the delhi government is distributing the product free of charge for use on $5000.00 acres around the capitol. amid a global shorter to for the laser, some pharmacy they would now even be for dns. i'm sorry, a promising development in india's been to beats double bunny and the stifling pollution it causes in farming. every thing starts with the seed. these days, the market will seeds is globalized to such an extent that just a handful of log suppliers determine which seeds i used all over the world. this

has some negative effects on the environment, new to the use of chemicals, and also results in a reduced mode i. t of crops they give life to plants, seats. they grow into the staple crops that make up much of our diet. and they also mean a lot of cashed for some the agricultural companies that sell seats and not just seats, but also the chemicals to treat them. and the make haul plates look more and more similar to protect food security, governments of building sieboldt, billionaires. i investing 1000000 and traditional farmers are trying to preserve the varieties they inherited from the ancestors. so how did big agriculture take control of our seeds? and can we ever get them back? for thousands of years, farmers, free bread reserved and shared seats. but then i got

a culture radically changed. in the 20th century, farmers got new machines, chemicals and locked, made seats. and big companies stepped in. these major players dominate the market to be one of them had a special role in shaping modern agriculture, especially in the u. s, now owned by german, went to national by your monsanto was one of the giants of the business to turn seeds into property and farmers into submissive customers to understand how they did it. it's important to know the history during the vietnam war. monsanto was one of the largest suppliers of the notorious edge and orange for the u. s. military. $50000000.00 leader is of this deadly herbicide was sprayed to fuel trees and tropical foliage that provided covered for the vehicle fighters. not only do this areas remain contaminated, millions have been poisoned by the chemical. next. monsanto turned the attention to peacetime with killing developing the blockbuster harborside round up. it had

shelves in the 19 seventies and became the companies keep profit driver rhonda kills the root kill so we'd round up kil, thanks to its main component, cliff aside, but it ended up killing so well that it also killed farmers crops so they could only sprayed before planting seats after the harvest. but what if they received that could tolerate round up that home and found who stepped into the sea business? in 1996? they rolled up round up, ready. these receipts that were genetically modified to be immune to gleeful sate who wouldn't buy into that? it was like magic if you talk to farmers at that number. marco elmore is an environmental historian at the higher state university. you spend a decade working on this book about monsanto. we, it's almost immediately began developing resistance around that. and you kind of

have this cycle in this genetically engineered scene system now over using a chemical, which by the way, it's very profitable for the company that selling and 100 did something else that changed every culture forever. they patented technology behind the seats. this meant they could dictate the way farmers use them. monsanto created a system that they controlled by 2008 months. hunter had bought 50 international seed firms. the market power of mon fontose, similar companies was growing more and more today. 90 percent of corn upland cotton employed in from the u. s. a. produce with patent and seat on font the order the buyer is the biggest supplier. the big problem is behind genetically engineered crops like those from an santo, higher yield for farmers. but in 2016, the national academy of sciences published a 600 page dozier on the effects of g cross from the us. scientists found little

evidence that such crops actually lead to higher yields. what has been going on is the use of monsanto supposed to child cliff a site to move youth hair beside globally. these 2 maps of the us showed the amount of round up being sprayed on the dark of the colors, the more as being used. meanwhile, what's been going down is the variety of foods on our plates. there are over 50000 edible plans in the world, but we mostly rely on june 15 corn wheat and the rise of the major hits. the modern agriculture system created this thunder. tis ational for awful companies owning this. you get to choose what pharma girl and how and that determines what we eat, blunting the same varieties also makes crops mobile normal to draw in disease. the climate crisis is only making it worse, but it's a different story with traditional seats. if you want to look for something that low rates hash, climatic conditions,

especially now that we emphasize on climate change, you can always go back to be elected. this is the medical den, she's a plan geneticist at the international crops research institute of the same eric tropics. the one thing they also do because they, they just absorb all sorts of trade in from anywhere. and so they're really, they, they're very durable. the more different seats we want, the higher the chances of finding the ones that canada up to stream, whether, for example, in just one region and south east india, find his discovered almost 400 varieties of neglected crops species. and one been were 6 traditional local rights varieties, the deal better with drought, faulty soil and flooding strength compared to commercial uncertainty. luckily, even when traditional seats are gone from the fields, they're not always gone gone. we have them in places like thief,

more than $1700.00 sea banks around the world for the untapped potential of traditional feats. probably the most famous you bank point is the coolest looking one. is this one in norway? it stores over millions did samples from across the world, and the chile permafrost conditions make sure this little fellows are preserved for centuries. the system works like a bank, the deposit their owns, the samples, the bank. in this case, the government of norway owns the facility. for example, brazil has thousands of seats and here some of the seeds were rescued only because indigenous communities and traditional farmers kept them there where we grow all foot has drastically changed. if the large corporations will have benefited at the expense of everyone else, farmers have got hooked on chemicals and last ownership of the seats and consumers miss out on so many flavors and nutrients. so it's time to ask ourselves, how can we grow food better this time for everyone? let's move on from feeds to a very special snack that has

a long tradition in the indian state of thumb and not what is seen a decline in popularity. we met someone who wants to do something about this and is aiming to revive the organic ju ju jam as a traditional local specialty. ah dodge, adobe food sus moreland suite dawned into a truly jam. they have long dickens days, bugs in diamond nodded. manella dis, jam smack brings back fond memories of terry who have a lower that he boy that i grew up in. co m better all around my school. there was shops selling the street for between 2 ent, nbc in less than a center. nowadays people eat chocolate that caused a 100 rupees. that one euro or more, but nothing beats the street, neither life. i tree told in small packets now you served by mass market suite. one small business though is trying to keep it alive. but the gum benny oh, exhibit emma's special because it's very sweet. but unfortunately local fruits like

joby are undervalued in a country. but the nutritional benefits of these local roads are really high or them a little melissa, romani 1st cleans the fruits. pato lee in fresh water to get rid of the boat and impurities. then they are steamed. seeds are separated from the skin, which is ground into a fine based at the end, sugar and salt are added to it. ah. introduced to madison. the fruit has been seen as a potential cure for certain ailments, ah little, poorly medical deliberately, every shrewd lactic gooseberry and apple comes to school nutrition, benefits. similarly, the job, it has its own set of advantages such as vitamin c and a healthy, i mean, who are see of profile. there is still a lack of scientific research here in india and china. there has been much more

into his research on its properties, eligible of the widow chain. his, i believe is all wrong. in fact, the fruits have been cultivated in china foot over a 1000 years. recent studies call them super fruits, but it's not just their nutrition values that to high. they do job 3 also has important ecological properties. it supports birds, squiggles, and dia that feed on the fruits and shelter in its shade. only the lions, some people now tend to look down on their cultural routes and get get either way by fancied i had fought in chocolate, where they are, those who are still far knocked as jem, because they have enjoyed it since childhood are being lungs, albert lucon, malice over to manito hopes that this will change for people and his business or not. if you bought them used to make about a 1000 rupees, or 12 euros, producing almost 15 boxes a day, but dark things domestically. today's shopkeepers order fewer than 5 boxes on jam

packard spar date. we have had to cut production accordingly and enter the sort of i will mode of business. nobody or date of the jam treats are still sold in bite sized packages back me widely affordable. did our holstead daily find a new popularity once more research is done on the benefits of due to be fruits in india? knowledge assume for the sake of argument that research proves to have far reaching the health benefits. many companies will immediately start manufacturing and selling products with ju ju, be fruit, marketing them with all the fancy names in the world. give us the wrong and balance of money hopes to be at out if and when that happens. as the bridge that gap, that tradition alive ah, that report brings us to the end of this episode of ico, india, a reminder that we need a new mindset when it comes to agriculture and food production. remember, regenerative farming is a fundamental aspect of climate protection. i'll leave you with that thought and

see you again next week. good bye. and thanks for watching. ah i ah, ah, with

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