oh, this is perhaps the greatest leonardo masterpiece in the collection of the louvre and no, it is not the mona lisa. it is the virgin of the rocks, 2 versions, multiple copies, and a drawing. was there another symbolic meaning to this beautiful dating that perhaps we just don't understand? the switch for answers starts for june 10th on d, w. ah ah ah ah ah, whether it's a pandemic, the war in ukraine or the climate crisis, many of us are feeling anything but secure right now. businesses in particular are

having a tough time making plans for the future. but not everyone is struggling fears of nuclear war and deadly viruses. mean bunker makers are busier than ever. will have more on that in a moment. but 1st, a taster of today's stories. how much is too much coals are growing for the super rich to share their wealth solar panels galore, but is red tape taking the wind out of germany's energy transition and block by block? why the construction industry is embracing the lego principal. i'm kate ferguson. welcome to mates, and let's begin with a fox that might surprise you. no country in the world has more bunkers than albania, and incredible. $200.00, a 1000 of them were built in the seventy's and eighty's. and to this day, you'll find them dotted all over the place in the countryside in cities, and even in water there were built, it turned the rule of dictator and ver, sharp,

fearing attacks from both western countries and former communist allies. his goal was to build one bunker for every 4 people on expensive endeavour that wasn't ever actually achieved. still, it wasn't for lack of trying the door in her own bunker. it was 15 centimeters thick. now, demolishing the bunkers is expensive, and so they remain as a reminder of the countries cold war, past and of cookie petroleum reports. the age of bunker building is far from over aah! war in europe. a population unsettled by the corona virus. pandemic rushes, threats of nuclear war, drought, riots, blackouts and looting. suddenly they all seem to pose real risks, and people want to protect themselves. businesses are ready with solutions. you just hide yourself with the company. well,

i'd like to find out what kinds of consequences this will have on the economy on people and on their security needs. first i traveled to poland. david were picky, had a family business in western poland. it's $300.00 workers produced technical parts with the metal sector. the automotive industry is a major customer. but recently the company started building bunkers and fallout shelter. this staircase will one day lead to a subterranean bunker to either building the bunkers front door. right now whether it was you feel had from a are feel bullet proof, feel good. i showed her it has extra log from inside that you can just close it on fake different logs from inside. so no one will be coming . this is how the interior doors close. you just hide years.

i would have how many, so you don't have to. well, did you know how it is? just truck is coming. you are leaving it, connecting to that concrete and just boring. ground above one half meter. the fallout shelter is built into the customer's backyard. the system includes a diesel generator that supplies emergency power and an air filtration system. when we have that fall out from outside is food tracing every a gamma radiation in particles through this filter and is operate like this is my name for producing the air into the shelter. just in case it is. if there is no electricity, we have

a manual crank. you need to turn the hand crank for 20 minutes every hour to draw in fresh air. if the power shuts off, there's room for aiden. this luxury followed shelter with a sleeping area, a bathroom, a kitchen, and a living room. the cost 350002600000 euros. i ask him what motivates his customers to order the bunkers? 2 years ago we had that cove eat right now. we have the wor, no one was thinking that we will be having the war in europe. and, and right now we have, we have another conflicts with china and taiwan, india, and pakistan. right now they're in media, there are telling that there is foot crisis coming while they're crisis. no one knows right now what, what will be happening. so if you have, if you want to feel safe, this is, we are giving you the solution. i want to know why the bunker business is left to

the private sector. shall i head to berlin? ah, inside berlin subway system. we visit this cold war era nuclear bunker. ah, today it's a museum. it was built to shelter 1300 people from an nuclear attack. but after the fall of the berlin wall in 1989 installations like these were closed down in germany, russia withdrew its nuclear arsenal from eastern germany and test sirens, civil defense exercises, and none military protection initiatives were discontinued. they desolate and then the spitter. once the berlin wall fell, it no longer played a role in this country. suddenly we no longer had enemies. bad things will happen if i were on the secure island people healths of defense and contempt. mondays in

london. ah, yes, civil defense. oh, i remembered the test sirens in school when i was a child, but when i went to college in berlin, the test sirens had been discontinued. wouldn't her, i'd sleep well. mamma belts for, i'll just say to stop people falling out. in the case of a disaster, there were only enough bunkers and shelters available in west germany to protect around 3000000 people or just 5 percent of the population east. germany had inadequate civilian shelters as well with german reunification in 1989. the cold war was officially over. only 599 of the roughly 2000 bunkers still remain. that means that while 3000000 people may have been able to find shelter, now only 488000 would be able to go back to poland. david vicky manufacturers bunker's for american customers and for

german distributors like the berlin based company b, s. s d sales have risen dramatically since the start of the war in ukraine? oh yeah, i was off by death, but it's a good one. we've also noticed it with the number of visitors to our website. we used to have about a 100 visitors a day and, and suddenly it was 10000 a day. you can imagine what potential this represented. but then we thought a, well, the wall might go on for relatively long time, and then it will be over. and then interest will wayne again and oh, just the opposite of our guns and getting tight. they offer bunkers in different sizes, including a medium sized one, or a small panic room for $15000.00 euros. his room is just for half an hour. so that's why we are that police alarm with your security. where when there is something happening,

you just close your family and you just press the button and you just wait a at the moment workers here are producing several bunkers. orders are coming from affluent individuals across europe who want shelters buried beneath their homes. ah, pretty impressive, even if staying safe does come with a hefty price tag, speaking of which there are no more billionaires in the world than at any point in history. many new ones were in fact created during the pandemic. thanks to a big boom in the tech industry. meanwhile, almost half of the world lives on less than $7.00 per day. ideas on how to make the world more equal range from redistributing the wealth of the super rich to one time pay a. it's to get young adults off the grant. there are almost $3000.00 billionaires

worldwide, and more people are becoming billionaires each year. some have been in that league for a long time, such as ellen mosque, or warren buffett could government redistribution of a portion of billionaires wealth to the poor work. now most billionaires won't agree to pay more taxes, take a long musk, although his assets were more than half when electric car maker tesla's stock recently dropped. he earned his fortune, as he said, in an earlier interview through hard work. so you need to be sort of very rigorous in your so self analysis and i think certainly extremely tenacious. and i and then just work like hell. i mean, is tepsa put in, you know, 80 hour a to 100 hour weeks every week the number of billionaires has risen along with the

growth of global prosperity in 2001. there were slightly more than 500 millionaires, but that figure quadrupled by 2016. there were 1810 billionaires. during the pandemic years of 202021. the number dipped slightly. it then shot up to over $2700.00 by the end of 2021. but there are quite a few investors who've made their fortunes off of billionaires businesses, such as amazon c, e o. jeff bezos. in september 2018, he said in an interview he look at the financial success of amazon and of the stock . i own 16 percent of amazon. amazon's worth roughly a trillion dollars. that means that what we have built over 20 years, we have built a $140000000000.00 of wealth for other people. and that's great, that's how it should be. you know, there, i believe so powerfully in the, the ability of entrepreneurial capitalism and free markets to solve so many of the

worlds from the billionaire. as john creator, liberal economists, st. there's something to that. so the more capital we have, irrespective of who owns it, makes labor more productive. and 2nd, good news. capital itself can only earn in return if it is combined with the labor. so if global capital and wealth positions are growing, typically the labor force is also benefiting a chin, prevent the wealth gap between rich and poor from expanding. but that's not happening in the u. s. star investor warren buffett, who's private assets, were recently estimated at around 102000000000 euros, is very much aware of this is really true that the,

particularly the older rich i've gotten far, far wealthier and more and more of the national pie has moved to them and away from of way from the middle class. this is how global wealth is distributed. the rich represent just one percent of the world's population bought. they possess 46 percent of all global wealth. if you include the upper middle class, both demographics together represent 12 percent of the world's population and own 85 percent of all global wealth. and who owns just one percent of the world's wealth? the poor, 55 percent of the world's population earns less than $10000.00 heroes a year. so how can the poor and lower middle class become more prosperous? some experts say that one solution could be the state providing them with

a universal basic inheritance is to you by us. you will be ideas to make a 20000 bureau lump sum available to young people say at the age of 20 oil pushing to for fuel. and instead of letting them spend it directly, they would be able to use it to develop further assets. or i'm in white of an alpha moves. oh, i'm systems on many poor people like parents who provide them with start up capital or a steady monthly allowance by providing a 20000 euro basic inheritance. the government could help them start businesses, build houses or get an education. the proposal hasn't been tested, but it might be worth a try. the goal of creating a more equal world is also the focus of a branch of economics known as limit terry. and as a, as the name suggests, the idea is to limit the amount of wealth an individual can accumulate and re direct the access to those in neat. but how much is too much,

and what might the effect be on entrepreneurship? economic limit terrorism, when some people are too rich. sure, it's great to have money. who doesn't want a big house, a fast car and luxury vacations. but some economists and philosophers believe that when you have too much money, it's harmful to society, the economy and the planet. they think an upper limit should be imposed on how much wealth someone can accumulate. the surplus could go to deprive members of society, the state, or climate protection. libertarianism isn't the same thing as socialism and communism. it's advocates don't reject the idea of wealth accumulation and property and acknowledge that some social inequality is inevitable. but they think some people simply have too much when a billionaire and another 100000 euros,

they bailey, even notice. whereas that amount of money would completely change the life of someone poor. yet once a certain threshold has crossed, more money doesn't improve quality of life. on the contrary, the super rich can often become mistrustful, lonely and dissatisfied. that's the practical side of the matter. but there are also ethical aspects to consider. is it really ok that some people are massively wealthy, while others, a starving and homeless? not mentioned the environmental impact of private jets and mega yachts. moreover, the rich often have the ear of politicians and can influence their decisions directly through lobbying or their own media in high us. but what precise limit should be. sit a w1cw,

a 1000000000. how exactly should the surplus be spent? and should they be national limits or a glow with the supporters of economically materialism? still don't have all the answers. it's critics say the accumulation of wealth is an incentive and boost progress, growth and innovation. many questions still remain for now. the idea of libertarianism is merely food for thought. just one potential solution to the problem. rising economic inequality. germany's energy transition. it's moved to a low carbon nuclear free economy was already well underway before the war in ukraine . but the rush to an dependency on russian. gov has made the transition both more urgent and more complicated. like in many sectors, progress is often hampered by excess of bureaucracy. still, while the speed of change may leave something to be desired,

a number of promising renewable projects are getting off the ground. this construction site is symbolic of a german revolution. a new solar park scheduled for approval in the next 6 months is rising near berlin in rec, hold time is germany's energy transition. now making the expected progress. that's other is both of the factors. there is currently a great deal of leeway in terms of holding up individual approval processes, just like before offer higher than warning, historic preservation. when you go from aka oven worn hood, there might be a who in a field somewhere that no lay person would ever recognize as a historic monument. and they can potentially lead to a situation where renewable energy can't be set up for many kilometers surrounding the side. oh, i see that more as obstructions politics. i'm not food thinking. it's like weapon dongs politic. went on mission of one get are. and what about wind power? germany's most important renewable energy source supplier getting

a permit takes an average of 5 years. and that slows down expansion ins. kazama commands are on the whole is and you can say that we're in a slight upswing when it comes to the installation of wind energy capacity. but in order to maintain the volume of tenders in the future for nothing, we clearly need more if event. indeed. hm. yes, year we'll have maybe 2500 megawatts. i'm newly installed wind energy capacity study, and i still have in the next year, 12000 megawatts will be tendered. oscar sleep does matter on that, clarifies the scope of work. germany is and we're the authorities need to pick up the pace. i go to speak with alberts, temple po. additionally, germany is hardly making progress in the expansion of its energy network. without a new network, there can be no energy transition. to do that, the government has simplified many things, but the implementation is often lacking in the industry. that means good intentions,

but then not yet ready. as the mass non participants broken law clyde from the up until these measures really take hold. we assume that as far as larger solar parks and not wind power. so i concerned it will take at least in the 3 to 4 years until they really have an effect at us. we're pretty rural, not yet. it's been musician. i am very confident that we will say things happen in the middle of next year. what pos yet to make progress, they'll need even more ricky. now chris knows that all t, well, she's an engineer and managers energy projects. she gets more inquiries than she can handle. lots of things are missing and many areas. and she left, i gave a motion yet lots of clients want to go as fast as possible. but that would require finding enough qualified workers and engineering offices and dramatically scaling up manufacturers of heat pumps and renewable energy systems,

air force galion. you really need to fire up the market in order to stem, the flood of inquiries that are coming in from an disappearing unfunny. yet coleman, the solar park near berlin, should start supplying energy by the middle of this year, 20 megawatts. if all the materials are delivered as planned, the energy transition in germany is picking up speed, but at the same time, it's getting in its own way. housing shortages are a problem in many parts of the world, including right here in the german capital. berlin, as more people is to says he is the pace of construction, often can't keep up with demand, leading to a steep rise in prices in berlin rance, have doubled in the past decade. one potential solution lies in modular building a kind of construction method that any kid who's ever played with blocks will be familiar with. this module made of steel and concrete will soon be home to a student. it's one of more than 500 such cubes,

making up this block of student housing. what used to go brick by brick, is now module by module. it means the building can be put up twice as fast as usual . the last modules arrive at the construction site in berlin. each one weighs just under 30 tons. they're delivered on trucks from the bavarian factory, the real estate developer, b, p. d began building like this 5 years ago at all thought on the challenges of constructing housing quickly have intensified and modular housing is of course, one of the means with which i can achieve this is a country wide topic and modular building has developed hugely over the last few years, also in terms of quality, which means we can use it for other asset classes terms again, as a ton of workers prepare them water bed. the module will be fitted on top of it. a few minutes later, the house will have an additional living space,

which is already ready to walk in. a look inside the modules come with water and heating pipes and cables. everything is assembled in the factory and just needs to be connected. the module is delivered, complete with shower toilet, cupboard bend and desk, as well as internet connection. that means less construction noise. my can reason this call i will. yeah. the model, it's possible to work much more quietly. none of the caching, hammering and turning like happens here anymore. it's all done as of allison status . the modules are constructed here at the lashley group plant in bavaria. concrete is poured into the mold. it takes 4 hours to harden and then the module is pulled out since 2016, the company is invested extensively in this quick construction method. demand from

cities and housing associations is high. the august companies of forfeit against this type of prefab construction has intended to flourish at times when living space was insurance. apply. like in the postwar period, for example, a lot. and after the fall of the berlin wall in the, when there was a need for more housing in the eastern states now to the german government is making a massive push for new housing. went on was the cast modules are completed on the production line, electricians, lake cables, plumbers, fit pipes later tiles are laid and the walls are papered. it's possible to complete 5 such modules per day. the work processes in the factory are far quicker than other methods of an a mind bar on a normal construction site. the allocation stops by and completes his tasks after he's finished, the plumbers do their work, father, a periods of waiting from one task to the next. no. here the trains people work together by hand in hand. mid dianda and enhance. the standardization has another

advantage. it requires few specialists, the repetitive nature of the individual tasks makes them easy for unskilled laborers to learn. the company has peter output with fuel workers. back in berlin, the student housing block comprising $453.00 rooms is up and ready in the summer after just one year of construction. the students will be able to move in and that wraps up today's show. thank you so much for watching. remember, you can find all of our reports, d, w dot com slash mate. you can also check out more business stories on the details in use youtube channel. we have a whole range of content for you there until next time for me on the team. it's good bye and stick with

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