david crosby will be remembered as one of the most influential musicians of the 20th century. ah. and we'll have to end it there. shift living in the digital age is up next, taking a deeper look at quantum computing. and don't forget, you can get more news in analysis on our website. that's d, w dot com. you can also follow us on social media. our handle there is at the w news on michael. ok. thanks so much for watching. a uses to thought they were great, you will imagine

how many portion of us are now in the world. climate change, very often doors. this is my plan, the way from just one week how much was going to really get we still have time to work. i'm going on with that 1st ah carbon you to energy new medicines to treat cancer are covered and foldable screens thanks to quantum computers. these could be innovations of the future. for years, scientists have been confident that these processors will be the next big tech revolution. but how far have developers really come?

what can we gain quantum computers? that's our topic today on shift. ah, quantum computers won't be replacing our laptops or smartphones, but apart from developing new medicines and materials, i think one aspect is especially interesting. quantum computers can perform complex simulations, like predicting extreme weather very accurately across the globe. developers are trying to create computers with the highest amount of cubits a cubit is the most basic unit of quantum computing. the more cubits a computer has, the more information it can process. many companies like i, b, m and google are competing to develop the most advanced quantum computer. google's quantum computer recently simulated a warm hole, the holy grail and physics. so what are they doing in these quantum laps after sending countless emails, we were finally able to visit the google quantum

a. i lab in santa barbara in the u. s. an incredible experience. outside the sun is shining inside the lab. some areas have temperatures of minus $273.00 degrees celsius. the lab is run by german scientist has wouldn't even widely recognised as the pioneer in quantum computing. ah, his somewhat unremarkable building is where hot was mavin wants to revolutionize the tech world. it's located on a separate high security part of the university campus in santa barbara, california. here in the german scientist and head of google's quantum, a i lab, is working on a processor that could solve all the problems. a class a computer can't floods thought was what a thing many would agree, so most pressing problem of all times under. so climate change would be marvelous to house an okay, fusion reactor, no nuclear fusion reaction. as when 2 nuclei which are most positively

charged, come close enough together. so that's a snap together on a former new nucleus and then some energy is released. some scientists hope that this could help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. unlike traditional power plants, nuclear fusion does not release any carbon dioxide. i used to positively charged nokia. they don't wanna come close together like as kits . we know when we have 2 magnets in other houses, same polarity. they don't want to come close together. so this process to properly model it on kind of mechanical laws are required. so it stands to reason that i'm quantum process. so would help us m hastings, the design of nuclear fusion reactor. when quantum computers were still just a theoretical concept part me than already believed in their potential. and his

passion has convinced others after his doctorate. he does research at one of the most renowned universities in the usa. mavin co founded 2 companies developing facial recognition technology. one of those companies was acquired by google and lead the foundation for google glasses. glasses with an integrated computer in 2013 heart newton even started working on the quantity i lab for google. i have spent many years in the field of computer vision and machine learning to train a machine learning system to train a new or network, for example, to recognize certain objects in an image. you have to solve type of problems that's known as an optimization problem. and it has been proven analytically

that credit processes console these problems more efficiently. when the company intel presented the 1st quantum chip with 49 cubits with much fanfare in las vegas in 2019 mavin announced in a small blog entry that his team had already built a chip with 72 cubits. shortly thereafter, he claimed to have proven the functionality of google quantum computer 200 seconds for a computational task that would take 10000 years on a supercomputer. ibm and many others are doubtful. heart newton even is a leading scientist in quantum physics. but that doesn't change the fact that it will take years until a workable quantum computer will have been developed. quantum computers can compute very quickly, but there aren't many practical ways to use them yet. they're also prone to errors and programming and production is very complex. quantum electronics engineer marissa justina,

explains what these computers could mean for the future. quantum computers won't replace laptops or p c's, but they will assist them. you probably won't see it much in your day to day life. oh, so one on computer is not a replacement for a regular computer. it's more of an assistant to the regular computer. i did make a transportation analogy when humans were wanting to travel to the moon, it was clear that you're, you need a rocket, you need some kind of technology that's different from what we used to get around on the ground. now we have this technology is, it does not change the way you go to the grocery store. so similarly, having a quantum computer will not likely change the way you do your day to day activities . but it will be a research tool that allows for possibly revolutionary changes in, for example, materials development or pharmaceutical development. so the way you will experience

it more would be kind of the 2nd level effects. medicines could become more efficient and affordable thanks to quantum computers. they can simulate molecular structures in a matter of seconds and calculate the combination of active ingredients which could replace, testing them in laboratories. this would enable pharmaceutical companies to develop and release medicines much faster. we can also benefit from quantum computers when it comes to traffic. the quantum computers were able to process very large amounts of data in seconds. they could calculate routes, taking traffic lights and speed limits into account keeping traffic flowing. future quantum computers will be good at testing many different scenarios to find the best one. why are they more efficient at this than so called super computers? well, they used the roles of quantum mechanics which apply to microcosmic process if the

principle of quantum mechanics suggest that particles can exist in 2 separate locations at once. having the value of 0 and $1.00 sensor complicated, check this out, laptops, calculators, or smartphones. they all use the information unit bit, which can appear as either one or 0. quantum computers is the laws of quantum physics instead, and work with quantum bits or cubits. rather than switching between 0 and one cubits can be both simultaneously or appear as something in between. this principle is called superposition and can be explained by using coins to represent one bit heads or tails need to be on top. it's clear one or 0 to represent a cubit to the coin rotates rather than being limited to either being heads or tails. the coin is both quantum computers can calculate simultaneously where

conventional computers calculate sequentially. this makes quantum processors fast and efficient more cubits mean more computing power. this computing power rises exponentially according to the number of possible states. one cubic can take on 2 values simultaneously to cubits can take on 4 and 20 cubits can take on more than 1000000 quantum supremacy and tech circles. that's what they called a point in time. when quantum computers will have overtaken super computers, scientists around the world are competing to create chips with the highest amount of cubits. the technological challenges are huge. so far google's quantum computers only work and lab conditions, and extremely cold temperatures, and isolated from the environment. quantum electronics engineer marissa justina, is responsible for creating ideal conditions for the cubit at quantum

a i lab. so this hardware actually is just a refrigerator, it's warmest at the top and it gets colder as you go down. people often show pictures. some system that looks like this, and i think i'll look at that big quantum computer. actually the only thing that's quantum in there is this small silicon chip which is down inside some layers of packaging in here. the quantum chip is just as big as a finger nail. it sits at the bottom of this nearly 2 meter long construction of cables, metal sheets, and conductors. marissa justine as responsibility is to make sure that everything is connected properly. she runs the so called device packaging team in order to show that quantum effects, it has to be operated a very cold, dark environment or colder than outer space. and then we have to be able to send signals from room temperature electronics all the way into the christ at to reach

the processor, interact with the quantum processor. and then the signals have to come out again. and i'm responsible for getting that processor to be in a good environment where the cubits can operate at their potential job welding the technology onto the chip requires clinical precision and building quantum computers has more challenges. since they use different laws than normal computers, they are also extremely difficult to program. how do we control the control signals that we send in? how do we make sense of the measurement signals? we get out and use them? there are a number of different technology areas that we need to develop, each of which has a little bit of, of ambiguity in it, or sometimes a lot of ambiguities. and you need them to all line up at the end and, and become a working functional system. marissa justina predicts that quantum computers will be used in about 5 to 10 years. but whether quantum chips will be used in the

future is not just a question of technological progress, but of money to a study by boston consulting group has found that using quantum computers costs up to $330.00 since of $5000.00 euros an hour. by comparison, using a traditional cloud computer costs less than a cent per hour. another interesting aspect is who invests and quantum research apart from tech companies states to are investing. china tops the table with 14000000000 euros more than all other countries combined. one reason for state interest in quantum computers is that they could hack into a digital encryption methods. this would have consequences for crypto wallets, chats, health data and military tactics. what do you think? will quantum technology change your life? he'll illnesses or even slow down climate change. i'm curious to see which areas will make a quantum leap. and what that means for us. we'd love to hear from you for now by

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