of inequality, 75 years ago, mahatma gandhi peacefully led the country to independence with what has remained of his vision. where does the world so called the largest democracy stand? where is india headed? this is the moment to unleash on violet bars. gandhi's legacy starts january 28th on d. w. nature is beautiful and useful, but are we useful to nature? what plants should we grow in our cities to support local ecosystems? how can we keep snails out of our vegetable gardens without harming them or other creatures? and how can mushrooms help us give something back to nature after our death?

all that and more coming up. ah. hello and welcome to tomorrow. today the science show on d. w. and later like this is full of activity, flowers blossoming. butterflies flying and bees humming. scientists have proven that farm land meadows serve as a source of food. a habitat for pollinate is act as carbon sinks and helped to replenish groundwater. and they say that's especially true when a wide variety of plans can be found there in large numbers. but doesn't matter whether the various plans are native species. oh, come from other regions who what are 2 biologists doing in

a garden center when they don't even have gotten they're looking for what's on offer for gardens and balconies. japan seager and in my stouter are on a mission to safe native plants species. the idea about concept is that we want to harness the enormous potential of the millions of green areas that we have in germany and other countries like germany. so we have gardens, allotment, sidewalks, balconies. it's all spaces where there are people living intimately with these spaces where people are interested in planting things in the spaces. and what we want to do is redirect those efforts towards native plants that are threatened at risk of declining already are declining, is mostly native plans, the cultivated and urban areas around the world. it could help to slow the decline

of biodiversity. but why is the focus a native plans so important with currently recount 13000 non native plans and the entire plan diversity is 370000 plants. so the only supports neophytes. so the non native plants, then we only support a small fraction and these plans already managed very well to disperse, so they are not addressed. whereas many native towns are at risk in germany, around 30 percent of native plans are endangered. landscape architect claudia fagan trigger works with trees, shrubs, and flowers. in her experience, customers don't usually ask for a native or exotic clause there just one hardy plans that are resistant to disease and easy to care for. what does she prefer to plant? here?

vienna to alicia shawn. they are stock market. of course we make our selection space very much on the design depending on what people want hold of merchandise loiter. so 1st we look at what people want, i think. and then we look at the location, but because they are all really different or if one of the plans not, then we choose the right plan of ident patient. for example, they can tolerate shade or the lungs for belie tonka, long or species that are able to cope with less water div placement. renew auto, select chrome. it boils down to a mix of native and non native plants. when people do ask about native plants, they usually mean plans that will support in 6 and birds. se, se, claudia frigo. and he, in the god and center they are a lot of insects. but up putting latest more attracted to exotic or native plants ah, lesser evolved conasauga as of us with your boy. i can't really say exactly what we

see here. is that insects like going to non native plants, one lot of lansing because sometimes these plants fill the gap when native plants are taking a break. i'm from planning. i know pose eileen on what i concept that probably makes most sense is having both variance in follicle. so native species supplemented by non need of once again, think of different london or back clear servers in the life seizure natural history museum. he is a specialist on invertebrates, which includes insects. the museum has around 300000 in its collection. does he think non native plans are a problem for native insects? when fetishes as chemical plumed, and it's not a problem when a new species appears, position. and the question is always how they fit into an existing ecosystem, please. oh, and that is very difficult to predict in advance line griffith because in a new ecosystem,

they encounter many species of animals and plants that they are not prepared for sized meals. so we don't know if there will be negative or positive impacts or no impact at all kind of vocal. and what about wild beasts? because compel of unrequited that depends on how good they are at dealing with changing flora. of course, there are generalists among wild bees in, for example, many bumblebees can use a wide variety of plans for food. but there are also many beeson bumblebees that cannot. they depend on a small number of plans, youngers, and when those plans disappear. so to the bees, philip dorski is also a biologist, and he too, is concerned about protecting biodiversity. what looks like a garden where nature has been left to its own devices? it's actually the result of gardening that emulate nature. but out of the plans he had primarily native species liking mushed out. am julia and sigo want

ah, was excellent disciplines. mm hm. so the non native plants we have here are mainly crops slang. for example, we have sushi one pepper rush pins, which can be used as a spice and got for and we also have fig trees as to why fi and we harvest the fruit one's own t himes in flower native plants are primarily for the animals. so like these wild areas here by the pond, not one on flashing job, it's most presuming pies. oh but of course one or 2. there are also native plants that we use. like ment i spoke to you in windsor. ah, the mix of native and non native plants seems to work well for many animals like these dragonflies. bes, eliza, a natural garden, has many advantages, but it is a lot of work. and gardeners need to be knowledgeable about the plans. it must out inches and seger like the natural garden. but does it live up to the idea of god

that supports late of plans and ecosystems? i think the best ratio is probably to have between 10 to 20 percent non natives new fights. um and the rest of 80 to 90 percent of native plant species. and especially for on the near fi it's it would be desirable that they kind of fit into our ecosystems as well. so that an insect pollinators recognize the species. distill one big sticking point, according to research, as people's perception of what constitutes a beautiful garden, needs to change. but maybe it's helpful to know that a garden with such a mix of plants, could better survive climate change. even a well planned and planted garden that's equipped to combat climate change may be

no match voicemails. and no wonder worldwide. there are over $40000.00 species of snails, and they can be found everywhere in the sea, in fresh water and on land. and they love to eat where the native plants or exotic species snails love them. all. so do we stand a chance of keeping them out of our gardens? now that's what you call moving at a snail's pace. a snail this big travels at 0.003 kilometers per hour. that's just 3 meters an hour. and it's carrying quite a load. the shell on its back provide shelter when it's too cold or too warm. and this hole in the front door allows the snail to breathe. their eyes are also fascinating, and antenna extends outward like

a telescope. though the eye on top can only tell light from dark, but snails have an impressive sense of smell and can tell when something tasty is growing in a garden. snails not only love to creep around, they also love to eat a lot. if they consume their weight in food every day, their veracious appetite often causes conflict and makes them the bane of every gardener. ah oh. but all snails are not the same. those with a shell help to keep gardens healthy. they feed mainly on dead plant and animal remains playing a key role in homeless formation while cleaning up the garden. at the same time.

only slugs, essentially, snails without shells are considered garden pests. like the spanish slug. how can you combat slugs? most methods focus on killing the intruders, but that affects both slugs and snails alike. household salt is especially brutal slugs di, painfully from dehydration and beer traps are so attractive that they laur snails from neighboring gardens. even organic slug pellets made from ferric phosphate can be harmful to snails, natural enemies, such as hedgehogs, mice and birds. it all depends on how many snails they eat. what's the right method? covering plant beds with dry material is one alternative to gathering up and relocating snails each day. sawdust. egg shells, sand ash or dry coffee grounds are tough to slither across. slugs like

a damp predators like runner ducks are an especially effective but labor intensive option. a one to one mixture of chili powder and cinnamon works to at least in countries where snails aren't familiar with the scent of cinnamon. it keeps them from smelling lettuce. when she leave it, and once it's lung has tasted a plant with chile on it, it'll never go back and word gets out as quickly. he will sprinkle the mixture over the bed between with some on the leave, some on the soil, it's non toxic. but unappetizing for slimy, let us thieves snails are a minor problem compared to the major threat posed by climate change. would y droughts and dry periods are increasing, often leading to crop failure. but in the long term arid ground also poses an

existential problem from micro organisms, plants and animals. and therefore, for us as well, much research has been conducted to find remedies. in switzerland, for example, they are looking for ways to make the best possible use of water in agriculture. water is a precious resource, philipo nay. as a researcher at the switch center of excellence for agricultural research or agro scope, he has been ideas about how to preserve water is supposed go on a very important goal is finding the right amount of water up so we can use as little of it as possible for irrigation while still achieving the best possible while it was a blue who i found on amelia objective cutty, that's monet is working on a drip irrigation system. for orchards. each tree needs a little more than 12 leaders per day and using the right amount in the right

places helps conserve water. bosa reminds me of an australian publication which demonstrated gotta drip irrigation can reduce water, use it by 50 percent day who's got cycled, got older. other studies may be less optimistic, but all of them come to the same conclusion. drip irrigation is an efficient method of distributing water to fruit trees, especially when used in combination with ground sensors to separate sensors at different depths and the ground measure its moisture. when the song gets to dry, the sensors send out a signal indicating that the tree needs water. the signal triggers the watering system up to 3 times a day. monet has conducted trials on 30 different fields and has developed a fully automatic irrigation system. it prevents waste and guarantees high yields the sales cova. we are in a part of the orchard,

a that for experimental reasons is like we have interrogated at all was in get to alsco was occur, leaf wasn't, we observe is that the fruit here is not only on, it's not the best quality quality ah, presented in terms of 1st choice that would cost the grow or tens of thousands of francs per hector in income de moscowitz at that deal to over new polar. the product of the drought is noticeable between the trees. the dry summer has caused major problems with these trees have died if they hadn't been irrigated over by the columbia. the don't tell you how long a tree will survive without water. in fact, a tree has mechanisms that allow it to survive without water, kidney damage, desilva, without water, they stop growing and can't thrive, quasi priest develope the growth of the shoots and the branches go will be

completely starved, was as will, the growth of the fruity called pitman a la quasi, if we so it's the yields the quality of the production that is affected by the lack of water g at the 50 bahama apollo. magdalena assigned from san probes. there is another way to measure and trees need for water den drama terrace . a research project by monet's colleagues measures the diameter of the tree trunk . during the course of a day, the trunk expands or contracts. when the sun shines, the tree loses water and becomes thinner. when watered in the evening, it expands again overnight. if a tree doesn't get enough water, it can't regenerate and experiences what's known as water stress that has a negative effect on yields. the researchers irrigation system is faster and more precise and also more reliable. juvenile when the irrigation is well adjusted,

it ensures that human errors won't occur. e, it's often valves that people forget to close, that lead to waterways toward one of these are pasco, no li, as water becomes scarce, commodity around the world. water saving technologies like these are more vital than ever. mushrooms have been around for longer than humans. the oldest fossil fungi discovered by research is, is some 700 to 800000000 years old. mushrooms pop up everywhere and can do amazing things to their qualities or even of interest to undertake his mushroom. my sylium can be used to make things like bricks and houses that are really stable and fun. guy can decompose organic material, including complex life forms. ah, a lab coat, rubber gloves, safety glasses, some wood shavings,

and fungal, spose from the laboratory. mix them together, add water and weight that so bub hendricks needs to do to grow a coffin, labeled david as a brother, david at bro ingratitude. burke would be fans of my mushroom, my celia coffin, the st. it's an invention for folks who think about the generations to come on new after their day. want to be one with nature and had reached the soil as compost and will not contaminated human combust. is that a disrespectful or brilliant idea? the young industrial designer invented his mushroom. my cellular coffin almost by accident. by studying architecture, he dealt with living building materials. since my salia can be used everywhere. being at a slow leak lay, my sylium brings life back to the soil self that grows fast and needs no

electricity, heat nor light. in fact, did even absorb c o 2 while it grows was only so the more people who are buried this way, the better it is for the earth that's fundamentally different to our burial rituals . to day told product of ardor in just 7 days that my salient grows in a pre formed mode, forming a living coffin whose surface feels like a velvet cushion. the coffin is then dried to stop the growth. the fungi then lie dormant. the coffin looks like a styrofoam box and is just as light, but it's a completely natural product. that is the inter saunders of what special is the emotional perception when you touch it. so it feels good. hi by it's warm, soft and light, but also very stable. yeah. so with the corpse inside can be almost 2 meters tall and way up to $200.00 kilos. for the burial, it's placed on

a bed of fresh moss to speed up the decomposition process. the moist moss comes into contact with the dried my cellular, bringing it back to life. more than 100 people have already been buried in my cell. liam coffins in the netherlands. last year funeral director john von cast her up. so the 1st living coffin for an 82 year old woman, the myself, ian based versions, cost $1500.00 euros cheaper than conventional coffins. ignoring me to not to man, sir, i don't think people choose a my sylium coffin for financial reasons. my rather up to really want to send a signal to the rest of the world, and we almost do our part and only leave a small carbon footprint behind on this planet and also blown it off the ladder. because around the world, some 160000 people die each day and they leave traces behind. not just in the

hearts of their loved ones, but also is toxic substances. one of the most resource intensive burial methods is the classical christian ceremony with a wooden casket each year thousands of tons of wood, steel, bronze, and copper are buried under ground. cremation isn't much better. in europe, around 70 percent of people now choose to be committed. however, this produces harmful emissions and toxic ashes at the cemetery, it can take up to 10 years or more for a corpse to fully decompose in a traditional wood and casket. by contrast, with the living coffin, it takes just 2 to 3 years. and at the same time that my cellular released his nutrients into the soil for new plans. so word about this dutch invention has spread quickly. more than 150 funeral home took

advantage of the opportunity to learn about the idea of organic burials from both hendricks himself. ah, he certainly convince funeral director york few veg from que by the stat on taught with burials, deaths and mourning logs, and sustainability is a really big topic. came out. it's also one that seen a huge boost in recent years on it. and i think it will become even more important because the people who will barriers you and me are the ones who are on the streets demonstrating with gretta every friday with the 8 office office in product. i want to be an even if some people aren't yet ready for more sustainable burial culture, bob hendricks and other funeral directors expect that soon. many roaches living coffins as their way of giving something back to the earth.

that's also part of the circle of life. they help to spread plant seeds, they eat insects and keep their numbers attacking some even think quite nicely. and they often do that from lofty heights. power lines are a popular place for flux of birds to land, which scenes while the risky. that prompted view, a hot, hey, messiah to send us the question all the way from colombia. why aren't birds electrocuted by power lines. busy power lines offer birds are lofty landing spot, but they've chosen a high voltage look out more than 100000 volts flow through the cables. by comparison in europe, normal power socket have just $230.00 volts. that means the voltage of their perch

is more than $400.00 times higher, and yet our feathered friends don't even notice. nothing will happen as long as the bird touches only one cable. no electricity flows through the bird because 2 neighboring points on the cable carry very little voltage. birds can relax and enjoy the view banks to the principle of electric circuits. they function like this . let's use a single wire to connect a battery with a light bulb. nothing happens. electricity doesn't flow through the light both until we take a 2nd wire and complete the circuit causing it to glow. when a bird sits on a power line, it's like a light bulb with just one wire. nothing happens. because power lines are like positive polls,

electricity can only flow when they make a complete circuit together with the ground. a negative pole, that's the reason power lines rarely pose a danger to smaller birds along but power lines and transmission towers can be troublesome for larger birds. like eagles, storks, gies, and even crows room every year. thousands of birds die from electrocution in germany alone. that can happen when they touch 2 cables with their wings and create a short circuit or when they touch both the tower and de cable lose the circuit is then complete. and high voltage electricity flows through their body. ah, this dazed duck appears to have been one of the lucky ones. it hopefully just got a minor shock. if i let is read why and media later.

if you have a science question, send it to us my video text or voice message. if we answer it on the show, we'll give you a little surprise as a thank you. come on just a that's it for this edition of tomorrow today, the d w sign show. it's nice that you could join us until next time. good bye. and remember to always stay curious ah, ah, with

who a to leave or not to leave the u. k. that is like bread. the question of independence is dividing the country ah, the economy crisis is hitting many hard and those affected hold the government in

london responsible. we take a look at the scottish question in 30 minutes, d, w. a pulse. mm. the beginning of the story that moves us and takes us along for the ride. it's only about to perspective culture information. this is the w news. warner w. made from mines. are you ready to get a little more extreme? ah, these places in europe are smashing all the records, sent them to move the adventure. just don't lose your grip. it's

the treasure map for modern globetrotters. discover some of european wykard breaking sites on you to know also in book form. hey guys, it's avalanche. are my welcome to my podcast last matter that i and by celebrities, influences and experts to talk about all playing loved thanks from day to today. nothing's been left the fast, all these things and more and then you know, season off the plot. come, make sure to tune and wherever you get your pot costs and join the conversation because you know it love matters lou. i wish i could've done more a just a click away. find out best documentary on youtube. yeah.

really good morning. see the world as you've never seen it before. dr. now, to d w documentary. oh, this is these are the needs live from burden. poland says is prepared to send a 2 tanks to ukraine with the without german mission. germany is hinting it would not stand in the way. also coming up we say russia man who said to serbia to escape bluetooth.