ah, how many pushing? so now in the world right now, the climate change, the very hot story. this is my flex the way from just one week. how much work and really do we still have time to work on going on with what? 5th. subscribe along the news like oh almost every way we look. nature is under threat from pollution, habitat laws over exploitation and climate change. conservation efforts faced many

challenges and sometimes all we can do is adapt. but as the reports coming up short, it pays to be creative. hello, welcome to eco india. i'm sons that i call around the world irrigation drought and sea level rise are increasing the solemnity of the soil and stunting crop productivity. one of india as was affected, states is punjab, known as the countries granary. there, the problem is compounded by water logging to help maintain farmers livelihoods. scientists are replacing wheat fields with bonds to form an animal. normally found hundreds of kilometers away in the seat. ah, do just a few kilometers from the india pakistan border lies shadonna village, infant job. his home to pharma,

jack lamar's the greatest threat he and many of the farmers here faith is the loss of their generations, old agricultural livelihood. when we cannot grow anything here, we have to purchase grants, even for alone, consumption. i have a deck of 4 to 5 like rupees. i couldn't repay the dead because the bombing was unproductive. gotta be had a me what appears to be snow is in fact a pin layer of thought that is becoming an increasingly common site in this one's for dial region. this accumulation affects oil quality and is hitting farmer scrubs hard to live bonding, caught the water. it's a line. yeah. so the feed and the feed, but the cross even to die. you do not thought it might grow a little and then you die is going to be a little bug named in state of been job gets its name from the 5. but in the

reverse, that flow to explains, starting in the 1960 the green revolution transformed agriculture in punjab. hybrid seed where i tease, mechanized farming, pesticides and fertilizers began to be used to maximize agricultural yield. dr. all each other from the punjab agricultural universities as been job has become a victim of its own success. first, engineered by the well known agriculture scientists, dr. dr. gulker, who usa, we did regularly. he used that he deal for the jail inmates to make small bags though that mexican what i do, the rice and wheat and to distribute it to the farmers and throughout the state. and then once they're sniffed, letty have mommy returns out of healing that i can read what it is. and they started way more and more of these crops, and because of that, it took dall on this island, one of the 4th of the time. and the file guard depleted the grown water

guard depleted on the one hand far from job i'd be thing. see we're depletion of the underground. what did people having to rely on medication from long distance water sources on the other hand, parts of punjab are facing water logging where the water table is so high that it brings up underground falls and don't feel bad. and once the water evaporates and tommy, the late, mach 7 lot, and father got the water logging has started coming up late because you are not expecting any gun water you're, you're using. so the water can weird through canals diamond again and the other, the you have now. shifter from cotton, with the less water avoiding drop for the 5 to get him to it a rice with more, rob, lot about getting rob and needing it on, funded for 25 indications in se them. so you're filling the already filled glass.

so you're not right, right? you are the charging and that is the major the, the dr. deep thing has been working to help save farmers livelihoods for a decade. now. he has been training local farmers to transition to stream farming. even though punjab has 5 major rivers, fish is not a major element of the punjabi died and align echo culture was unthinkable not long ago. dr. things idea is to turn in, learn a line areas into aquaculture at barnes. so farmers can earn a living basically we are not adding anything. we are not putting any kind of stress on the lad. it's i want to learn and if you go down there, you will find where to file a food below you, how the water so we just are sometimes they are receiving or automatically so we're not,

we're not actually reading the problem of walking along and we entered doing any work we entered adding any water, what we are doing in i already exist, been to line water. we're getting organism far. the lively heart caught up these pharma. the ship needed to start and aquaculture warned our schools from india coastal state. dr. thing says, these seeds are released in double bonds under strict bias security protocol. the trial for this project began in 2014 on one heck dead off the line area. today more than 100 farmers in this district alone. i was running aquaculture on $450.00 hectic i don't want to look at that. we should agree to follow our bonds. but that is the need of the odd because to create katherine's around that phone, you can fill it, you know, go digger deep to make up on and then week we'd

never and we'll get to that we should add fall. it's not a command it the only thing is if that is whole problem, i was allowed to log in paula calling to gather some ideas. then the only way forward is selling regulation. it is necessary to proceed carefully artificially turning agricultural land into salt water. barnes can have disastrous consequences from bio diversity laws to contamination of water d. both farmers in coastal countries like bungler, the asian, we have not have been known to pump salt into body fields in order to begin farming stream. the good agriculture learn shall not be converted into shim farming because there are joining 80 eyes can also become cell. and i used if it is getting in the middle of good, good. learn something like by deliberately pumping the water line water from the deep. so only do we have the water table is high and where this file is already

slide. what are the ladies my letters? do? show me the demand for indian shames from china. and the u. s. has grown the shim production here to 4000 tons. buddy, farmers corporation with scientists is once again helping them adjust to the new circumstances without was sitting the logical balance. well, with agriculture to land on the threat from climate change and more and more people on the planet to feed the salt is on for new food crops that can withstand changing conditions and increase. he's signed to son, divisor, m all super crook through gene editing. but should be really be fiddling with our food. we started improving plants by cross breeding. the best variety is the 1st records of human selecting ancient grass and wheat date back 10000 years. since

then we've multiplied corn, wheat, rice, and so yields by several times. and read them to something which would probably be hard to identify for one of the early settlers back then. for example, do you know what this is? today? it looks like this doesn't seem like a close relative does it. in the past, decades yields have skyrocketed to feed an ever increasing population. we did not stop at just multiplying yields. our excessive use of fertilizers pesticides, and the ongoing conversion of sense of ecosystems to crop land have degraded 40 percent of fertile soils globally. what's more, the climate crisis is forecast to reduce harvests. the problem is we actually need to produce more. but without using moorland and more resources is a 50 percent gap between the food produce to day and what we need in 2015 just just to feed people adequately. if everyone became a vegetarian, we could produce enough sustainably. but that doesn't look like it'll happen

anytime soon. if we just stick at the current yield, wait 0 is great, is can power sample on the back and move on. and then the only way that we would meet those needs is to expand the agriculture frontier even further. which means sort of good bye to the remaining natural ecosystems. scientists are designing, i meant resilient super crops that might produce higher yields and need fewer resources to grow. they want to speed up the process by changing the plants. genetic code with genome editing, such as with rice, drowned was major news. the summer of 2022. it is brutal down there, drought emergency unprecedented droughts and hate waves have put, bought a scarcity into sha focus. that's a problem for rise of thirsty crop used to being soaked. a new breed might help in the future. this variety, i are 64, is mostly grown in the global south,

but it's eaten worldwide. scientists tweaked it's genes to make it more drought resistant. the new rise uses up to 40 percent less water in some weeks. while the conventional varieties did not survive a week without water in 40 degree, he'd half of the gene edited plants did. scientists did this by instructing a naturally occurring gene in the plan to be more powerful. this gene helps reduce the number and size of the plans pores which are responsible for gas and water exchange. fewer and smaller pores meant the plant saved water yields increased or remain the same. the method they used here is called crisper cas 9, also known as genetic scissors or genome editing. it is fundamentally different to traditional genetic modifications or gm technologies. it relies actually on natural processes, but it makes the mutation process much lesser and most gm products contain the

synthetic gene or a gene from another organism inserted into the plant or animal of interest insect resistant cotton. and means, for example, grown widely around the world contain a gene originally found in bacteria. instead of using foreign dna, gene editing makes changes in the characteristics of any organism using the information present in its own genetic code using special enzymes, working like scissors, we can delete, swap or repeat genes present in the plants dna. it will take many dozens of generation until you have only this one gene transferred by crossing and then often will not be very viable. the crystal would just take too long. so the it gene i'm editing is really super powerful because it can go and the single gene change it and boil up. it takes 7 to 15 years to get a crossbred plant with the desired trait with gene editing just a couple of months, plus a few years of testing. globally,

gene editing research is speeding up from only a couple of patterns filed in 2011 to about 2000 patents in 2019 by private companies and public researchers. the us, china, and multi nationals are investing heavily in the technology which is expected to develop into a multi $1000000000.00 market by the end of the decade. it's risky, especially as many new crop varieties are still in the research phase. and little data and few risk assessments exist weekend have been have to see what happens in nature. it's all uncertain, and it will be really experimentation. fedex and we're will be far ahead of the science assigns. we'll have to catch up some experts point to cases of off target genetic changes or cases of deleting much more genetic information than intended. additionally, genes involved in increasing yields, in some type of drought, could crease yields in wet years. and as there is

a large number of genes involved, turning one or 2 genes on or off is mostly not enough here. the less optimized the crop, the easier it is to improve. that's why experts he most potential in quickly developing old varieties that haven't been part of industrial production so far, such as millet. i'm corn, wheat, or mannion which already have stronger defenses against climate related challenges . but where breeding is still in its infancy. so i don't want to take anything the table. the challenge is so significant. i don't wanna take crisper technology don't . i don't want to take shifting diets. i don't want to take restoration, or we guess it's all of these things. the, you genetically edited crops are labeled g m and therefore heavily regulated. but there's increasing discussion about whether the g m label is still appropriate. or if genome editing should be considered a new breeding method, instead of classic genetic manipulation in the us,

china and many latin american countries. genome edited crops don't need to be labeled or controlled as g m. and the sector plans to bring several crops to the fields in the coming years. india also decided to ease its regulations in 2022. as highly advanced as genome editing methods may be conventional breeding will remain as important. neither will be able to make up for the huge burden we currently put on our ecosystems. but they'll probably fill the food gap in the future. to europe now, and a grassroots movement fighting the rampant problem of illegal garbage dumping in bosnia and herzegovina. some 3 decades after the inter apnic war in the former yugoslav republic, the country remains a deeply divided, but people are coming together to restore the natural beauty of this shed whom

heather, when suffered cuba calls the activists answer over 30, this time aged 7 to 77, he's often surprised at the success of his initiatives while yet yet all this was up, i was not for the most part, the people have organized themselves for threats. don't go pick it up. no institutions or citizens, action groups or companies are involved here. again, only citizens of every age in that nitty i thought if serbs croats posley acts and others yield for by for ortho bush, nocka, your stolley. this time they're working on the banks of the bars. no. the river that gave this country it's name. it's an idyllic slice of natural paradise, at least at 1st glance. but a closer look reveals old tires in the water on the bank. opposite. nature swiftly covers over almost everything, but underneath the trash remains for a very long time. the longer it remains,

the harder it is to clean up later. countrysides littered with waste are a huge problem in bosnia and people here are fed up las vegas as i star by. but here we are now with is a really data become a polluted by factories that dumb everything imaginable in to them. yeah, i used to talk boy people to like they just tossed their trash straight on to the with his daddy guy. louder all nationalities here from every country you, the people are waking up to this hullabaloo, for years sof at cooper has been battling the garbage and it's everywhere. he says, authorities aren't taking enough action yet. i don't i that she probably marbles. one reason we have so much trash and bosnian hits a go vina is that we don't have waste disposal services everywhere. neil especially not in the countryside but baba put them off for another reason is that the authorities don't penalize illegal dumbbells etc. but the either lack the means or

the necessary information is alma ilene emory, though it does not the what are the fact that i just thought and so soft cuba has been setting up hidden cameras. they record the offenders and deliver crucial evidence to the authorities. hostile palmer, po, 3 of them, a garage on a post to pump. we take action when citizens inform us give good morning will oh and whenever we catch someone who has dumped garbage illegally, he'll, we try to penalize them to the maximum extent possible. nor does, wouldn't nestle me, got nauseous, english. so he wasn't that's not always the case according to suffolk, who, but his principal means of raising awareness is the internet's in 2020. he started the facebook group, be the change. the list of accomplishments is already impressive. so far, there have been more than 3500 clean up an issue is throughout the country involving over 20000 participants. and what's new for bosnia is the reach across

borders and ethnic groups. people everywhere organizing themselves because they believe the state has dropped the ball. they have to fema with huge one is nature and the environment are beautiful again, what would people can come here for arrest? if western europe can achieve that, why shouldn't it be possible in bosnia hubert now, others are beginning to join in local waste disposal services. for instance. many here have been struggling with insufficient funding and outdated equipment, with some help from suffolk who but the service here got hold of a trash compactor. the next step is separating the trash did a little dog. sarah, one result of our cooperation with the facebook group is that we've introduced 2 different bins for trash can be separated right now, but it's a start. i suppose you have to remember now. so there's just too little environmental awareness among the citizens and across the country. in general, you see grudgingly ah, yes, i got the same deal, michel, darrel and he doesn't have to look far for an example. a parking lot close by is

littered with trash left behind by a flea market held there. they come to clean it up every week, but soon after it looks just the same duck walk beaten. i was my yes, that we have to put more work into raising environmental awareness. so the population will understand ecology on these that the, and the humans i have this problem better. and especially what it means to care for the environmental problem. he starts does not, she does not sheet this. i got to go further along the bosner. they've been making good progress. young people are putting lots of energy into it. every piece of trash is another small victory. it doesn't take long for them to pile up quite a mountain of the authorities, then do the airport and have it picked up. um well here's the product of just a few meters of riverbank batman that made my majority. and that's because i want nature to be clean, with no lesser,

that's when i leave the house. i want it to be beautiful. all around green and you know trash. i miss me. check ha nissan with you. she is much nicer with everything clean and green instead of full of trash ready. zillow. mr. smith, i'm glad we were able to clean up at least a little today. watch the movie, maybe half of what scattered around here. and with that, a new environmental awareness is growing along the banks of the bosner cleaning of the natural environment does more than just remove the ice sort of garbage. it boosts biodiversity and livelihoods. a former software engineer and coming not has found rewarding work in the restoration of leaks. tanks and rivers. it's helped more than a 1000. families returned to farming lands they had given up as lost. ah,

agriculture has changed a lot in the 10 java district off time in nato. many farmers have given up growing rise and coconuts and swish to legumes like peanuts, which are robust and neat less water. because drought is a chronic problem and his teeth compounded by extreme feather events like cyclop gotcha. in 2018, the uses piece in c, nasa captured images of the policy stone that destroyed fees and wiped out around 80 percent of the region. scogel trees. a disaster for the past 3 years. that seemed less and less trend on what linda allows to do it and there was no water even in the bore. well, so many farmers had to leave about the they had to find work is daily wage laborers . i think young people started working in convenience stores, but farmers who have large areas of land can't just leave. they're still farming, but it's hard for them. i'm not going to ben if you don't get a software engineer,

no one was on a visit home from his job and away been to sight drones track. he saw 1st hand how people struggled to find water in the aftermath and looking around. he could see by local water bodies were dried up from the cutting crowds littered with garbage and eroded by illegal sent mining. they were unable to absorb the inundation of water and as toward it for future dry seasons. numa want to work for a change and so he stayed in it again nearly and said he let the water resources here were not in good condition. the underground water levels became very low and there were no connections between the different legs. and because the water channels were in such bad shape window and all the rain water went into the sea. but i wanted to do something on them. we 1st tackled the 500 acre lake in paris, ronnie village. i looked on his project grease 20000 rupees,

and donations. dick your blend of about 220 years that the initial funding and the help of numerous volunteers never began to dig out the dry of lake to make it deeper. it has helped us to was used to create a small island for buzz and fried, forced the banks of the canards leading to the lake and me and the needy line. if we restore the lakes groundwater supplies get replenished. laurel in some places water has flowed back into bore wells to do it. if the lakes are in good condition watermark reached the villages during the rainy season, it goes into the lake. when i go in summer, they become a water source word office work is spread quickly across the country. closer to home, farmers said to patty, approached nimble, him to ask him for help in his own community. develop had lost its leak. a precious source of water. after prolong drought medium. well,

there's only one and i was only one of them. 2 days later he got to work on a lot of. he cleared the water channels to the lake near. we didn't do anything, he did it all holiday when he cleared the water channels and the lake area to have been one of the, as a result for in the ground water levels have increased by about 50 meters going up . well, i mean, it's been a big success modem of video of and a few. so gordon immigrant could hardly have dreamed it. but he and his supporters hep already to vibe more than $100.00 leagues in india. and he has plans to take his vote to not and sri lanka as well. nipple has created valuable waters. a was for the future and plans to revive many more in years to come. well, as we saw to be a little bit of creativity can take us far and this matters when it comes to solving some of the biggest challenges and innovation faces. if you have creatively

solved a problem to make your neighborhood cleaner and greener, tell us about it as an equal india a d w dot com until next week. good bye. and thanks for watching. ah ah ah ah, with

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the store army in 15 minutes on d. w. o start asking themselves to lead or not to leave the u. k. that is like bread. the question of independence is dividing the country ah, economic crisis is hitting many hard and those affected hold the government in london responsible. we take a look at the scottish question. even 90 minutes on d w. o you thing was like a stepping point 6, you know kind what you insert, that would you want to be? change your studies. now you have,

i said you get from ukraine. you can choose to go back or somewhere else currently, more people than ever on the move worldwide in search of a better life. yeah, i believe something great is come in very, very sense. and yeah, can we learn more about la valley story info my grants that i wish i could've done more st. you discover stories that just click away find out. best documentary on youtube. yeah. really good morning to see the world as you've never seen it before. describe now t d w documentary ah

ah ah ah ah, this is dw news coming to live from berlin. germany is poised to get the green light to send us battle tanks to ukraine. berlin's apparent decision to send leopard to tanks comes as the us now appears ready to send its tanks to also coming up nominees for the oscars are out. we'll look at which phil.