the problem is in the many gay in scotland, then feel a many, jackie bar culture of remembrance, alive many people in this country believe germany and already dealt with issue are enough. that's a mistake. there can be no conclusion. defeated long behead of dangers to believe that we had learned our lesson middle from none of it. we must continue to deal with our past. and there are still painful questions. unresolved am also troubled by attempts to qualify the unique character of the holocaust. we must firmly reject this

mission advantage on my right. it seems to me and that we have been further than we are now. but this move from anti semitism, anti gypsies, and racism other kinds of group related just to let you know on the rise and tack on average every day in germany. 5 antisemitic crimes are registered. many places are desecrated, institutions, synagogues on attack. and people are harassed, threatened attacked because they're jealous. that is a shame for our country. the elements may enter the meters and fourpence if you go out of the buy in the face of anti semitic incidence, we wanted to show civil courage in india. no one should look the on away exactly

one years ago at this place. i said auntie's jason is in our very midst. and i stand by the statement is anti semitism, racism, and xenophobia are by no means found only on the far fringes is begun to that, and his image is misnamed. imma, if the of antisemitism ridiculous increasingly taking on hidden forms as well. for example, in demonizing, the state of israel or in conspiracy theory, claims made during the over dynamic. we must remain vigilant look closely. fact that was also shown by the debate about document at 15 them or whether this criminal and commute are mentioned in the also when it comes to a discrimination against l. g b t i q. we need to look closely because these crimes are increasing. esteban

herano announced with survivor as left an impressive fight warning for us all. if humanity is indivisible. oh, never again. that is a mission that applies to homosexuals to let us live after that. let us take it serious. elizabeth young. it's megan yet given me of in as social media as a good. there is an unacceptable way of incitement against anti betty i. q. lesbians gaze and chance people are insulted. harris attack just in the middle of the street. she didn't forget even at the christopher street de marches as we've seen last year. my martin was hailed white matter was a tongue is malik afforded in. i think it is up to all of us to stand up against discrimination is kind of a free and open society can not be taken for granted. never again is a mission for

a mission, which for all of us, where hatred is spreading, nobody is safe. kim, digging unto them it is most needed, a fight and they gained semitism and racism. and then a phobia. let us stand out for terrance. commit ourselves to diversity for society, where the dignity of all people truly is in higher

z. okay. it's our bonus. dax plays ending bass. miss bass, president of the bonus tag with the does deutsch in the status members of a german parliament. dear people, if duncan, i want to thank you for the invitation to speak to you to day later. because today active on the day our schwinney was liberated 78 years ago in the we particularly remember people, the dumb vac then and martin were persecuted and murdered because they belong to sexual and gender identity minorities. except i myself, i know to 6 of am not part of a sexual minority look house. i survived the holocaust as a jewish child in amsterdam, avar bunch of the at when i listen to the experiences of people looks well

a minute, were ostracized, and persecuted as sexual minority. again, i see in important parallels. good mind, sam kaiten to my own life. gushed out, as he knew therefore doesn't go down. please allow me to briefly minor say, a few words about my own story. in february 19, in february 1943 my act when i was 8 months old gavin mich mine and my parents gave me to a dentist. he has a humanist couple. my new to at that time to decide my mother was pregnant, denied with my younger brother. he a gun that he was born in guns in the transit campus list. a born in the netherlands from dallas. oh, from beard and my, my parents and my and my little, my little brother, suzanne,

and me to whom that word you port to do to ouch wits. together with hundreds of other jewish children and women and men to read in an over crowded capital transport, she would not shortly after arrive wouldn't the mice and most of them gust were murdered and gas chambers of mine as were wounds. my mother, good old and my baby brother, my fatter horse. my father had to endure for a month of hard labor due to me before he too was murdered. he other but i inked by it were unfamiliar with my foster parents, neath acidosis, not as resent if you can. my real name then in me to you to protect me. mutiny they had named me rita. i'm a 4 on the ease of my 6 birthday nan me. miley foster father. she

set me on his lap yet and explained rita, rita, that is your real name is rosette, via see, we are not as yet. you can your real parents, dana, your parents were murdered in auschwitz vance because they were jews if 50 and he added just kind of, i said, you do not need to be afraid. we love you and will look after you until you are grown. deborah. oh, and we do not leave to mention this again. either he had to but i was afraid english dumped me. i did not understand what had happened to my parents . i did not understand why somebody had wanted to murder them. and what did jewish mean? each fish down with us, all i understood was that i must be jewish too than like my parents that should

resolve too much of a home for a child of 6 years old bruce abbey. unconsciously i decided back then more mood etha. i assimilate myself well and stop asking questions. nothing will happen to me. you are right. i just have to keep wearing the mask of the non jewish child included our to dc essentially this not wanting to know. and this silence lasted for more than half of my life a few to and i lead a double life restful niema them america toward nobody was aware of that italy, mac, and this double life made me sick is really yardage. peter, it was many years later in 9912 number of down when a conference was organized in amsterdam for people like me to duty for a jewish children. he did that had been hidden and during the war he fan,

i was 50 years old. now and, and finally let other people in the who had experience at something similar dust van i that was my liberation. i'm coming out a coming out of my hiding places near. i was not the only one any more said dame. since then, my leave and all my life has changed quite a lot disappointed beany until today, and i am actively involved this amongst others in the memorial site of west born leave. so i talk about my life and schools and at other events in the netherlands and germany. oh, i have also learned a lot from these encounters in used to say in recent times, i have been particularly touched by conversations with wrong young refugees who see many aspects of themselves in my story. thus ask letters,

england. what i had to learn as a little child is something that many members of sexual and gender identity minorities who had to learn before. and unfortunately after 1945 asthma mentioned because it makes and people sicken when they have to the hide and to deny themselves or not at us happy fish. and something else that i realised, dvd promise of never again by far did not include all groups of victims of the national socialist romans center. and i had to fight for their recognition for decades or all to be doing east is any. also quite late on the realization came that, for instance, as the term a social, as a reason for arrest was a nazi definition that had also been misused to conduct lesbian. women

i know very well is by for she did that different victim route. i had reservations against each other for a long time by mancha. yet agent could influence out him until a few decades ago. a number of commemorate of revenge follow the principle of not commemorating homosexual around us. i believe this is wrong, have easily been to this is why i was one of the 1st to sign the petition to all so commemorate sexual and gender identity minorities of the bundle tag, initiated by looks fantastic historians and friend den. because then menchie, if he may, in fact,

are divided into categories of more or less value vend machine to if some they could out legally are even regarded as less valuable than others. don't benoit than this um and can, i mean one thing in the end, dusty not, you know, that the national socialist ideology lives on old, lighter. and unfortunately it still shows its effect until to day when we still have to witness acts of violence against queer people. why dibiase to day? i am 80 years old guessing i have not forgotten how terrible it is to have to deny your true self and to hide myself this more. i know and there is only one answer to that ish the dam. every person that was persecuted back then it deserves respectful remembrance that every person that is persecuted today is entitled to our

recognition. and our protection does not end one more thing. even she be in food i wish for our children are looking for all the children of this world. thus g to form fled the any the harem of discrimination, m x 3. but as an extreme also go ours. wherever they take place in the world, in our mouth, and do not have to be regarded as normal them, but are seen as a horrible aberration. d. s that marvin can be overcome

a duncan in this, i would like to thank you for and if commemorating the persecution of sexual a gender identity minorities during the n, s, iraq and after today of the wonders heartbeat. again, i gladly came here from the netherlands together with my daughter, marianna. i will continue my work one day in her way. me dunkin, i would like to thank you, need any cause, finally, and acknowledge former injustice. and in doing so to give hope to everybody to day, including myself. thank you very much. and if you, if you just joining us, sir,

we are watching the live ceremony taking place in the german bonus dog. on the anniversary of the liberation of the auschwitz death camp in 1945, this is international holocaust remembrance day. and we were just listening there to the to the holocaust survivor, rosetta hots she is receiving a standing ovation. in your picture, you just saw german transfer ah, off sold together with the german presidents like butter style, my of us sustained applause there for the speaker for who was a i was at a cat's. she was appealing for recognition and protection for persecuted minorities. she noted that national socialist ideology lives on we're going to now hear from the next speaker. i believe we're going to have a, a read statement, a read our count of one of the victims in national socialism. dear mary,

banish 0 to story ish in faculty. you shall be standing here and told banish of you should. taylor's sets your view of your life story newsom of her sphere to document enough which is still incomplete. despite laboriously track that down donkey mode as is to live. there you've been lying about your death until the end let's i am a legit lena place. you died in 1942 age 37 in rob, and for a concentration camp of hard to implement this mission, the show that you did not do this, the die. you were murder the gas in the gas chamber and hail of the so called the sanitarium at $2.00, which was also misused as a killing center elect here till you've selected for the gas chamber election. i a german doctor, yet noted on the patient diagnosis card that you were a very active is saucy lesbian. the candler out,

did the doctor arrive at the fatal so called diagnosis on site as a what would you tell us to, jay, if we could listen to you. these are folders. these photos, sandy, sh show, unites internet in march 1941 lincoln's as a prisoner laga in the concentration camp rav and it was excellent pleasure. you are 36 years old then. yes. and you will have only a little over a year to live, but isn't the engine? what do we know about your life up to this point? and just to know you were born here in 19 o. vogel flints into a jewish merchant family in yvonne display. which today's part of hamburg, illinois, your parents are on the well established ladies where store to council shortly before you are able to attend high school in south and in 1922 graduate with abi tour exam english afterwards. initially you work in your parents, business and essex. your father died in 1926. for now on your mother and your

brother hubbard, run the business night in at 9 in 192990. at the age of 25. in the you dish and you marry the non jewish bookmaker for this bernie in your marriage remains childless. begin next. eliza said from the beginning of the national socialist rule in 9033 as hm you shift your family business is also affected by boycott. despite all the propaganda, your husband does not divorce you is. jewish wife gets honey at 1st and for this offers you a certain protection. nath impala from the after the program of november 1918. 38 for handles, which the nicest trivial honest by calling is to include style, laughed niger, broken glass. your mother has to give up the business center. it's solid as well as her house, and the premise is far below its value. then manuscripts that place immediately after the beginning of the war in 1939 yards, ben fritz is drafted as a driver for increased police protection and occupied bowden. but he always comes

back to hamburg value list. why haven't the steel and status and you, are you arrested on the evening of july 24th 1940 frontier? there are neither statements of euro nor police documents about this is turning your 1st taken to the concentration camp, hamburg full spiritual, and then and then over night, on the 12th october 1942 was flagged reported to the women's concentration, campbell. gov and split organs history hindered allen on the enter. elizabeth thought the word and his social is noted after your name but not jewish. the heathcliff you are given the prisoner number 4841 at and everythings clear and a prisoner uniform is the black angle, meaning anti social locker will come into camp, documented from governors broke. also show that you are housed in the barracks for anti social prisoners, not to be in and in those for jewish inmates and my rest of her with at one point

you are temporarily transported back to hamburg from carolina and interrogated at the 23rd criminal police. department allen, the office 6, which is primarily responsible for sexual offences, 11 here, 2 interrogation protocols and messy daily. like, at any rate, your long marriage seems to count for little gland in view of the accusations of lesbian behavior levied their which a concentration camp doctor will later use against you. stuff like that and then your so your siblings are also persecuted nights and here we see you on presumably in 19 o 8 age, 4 years old in mansberg leaders, full editor links need and yet, and you are happy in the middle next, or you are your older brother herbert on the right, your sister it know your older sister elsie is deported as a jew to rieger in 1941 and finally murdered and stood off concentration. and your

mother found your brother herbert manages to escape in 1938 together with his wife and son at command to america, united. your mother, lina, come on as you did as this ported as a jew. in july of 1942 1st stood darian shot in from there to all stories where she was also murdered. in may 1944 at the age of 71. and now it turned out very few . there are no exact figures on how many people were murdered as anti social steering than oxy era. in washing at 2019 estimate by the u. s. holocaust museum in washington. what's the number of victims at around 70000 and us? and it was different about mary lou leanne out the door. and what exactly if links did the prisoner category auntie's social name? spelling was actually unlike homosexual men, malice versus lesbian behavior. half was not punishable over any section in the

legal close. yeah. bob session, various forms of behavior were subsumed under the term anti social width in not using jargon range from work shy tube prostitution, vagrancy, and begging toil up to embezzlement off public assistance. benefits, clearly what it is for a landlines thinks became especially dangerous when i got medical specialist certified hereditary anti social behavior and were thus able to order the eradication of the genetically desirous hair. gordon, especially in some cases as lesbian. women were equally classified as anti social m for mary pony. also fell under this category as effective. but did she really have contact with lesbian women, viola, ear, and was her marriage only a shabby attitude in her. let her give her to double protection as a jew, and a lesbian, i live in all had denunciation triggered her rest. how does he get she?

really sure, your current, you need frequent lesbian bars in hamlet and exchanged caresses their damage middle and additionally, a concentration camp doctor in a, frederick monica in the ovens work you later use this to justify her selection over in order to gather with around 1600 other women. his aunt married bonia, presumably between february in april 1942 to the so called bern burg sanatorium and nursing home with the aim of murder by gas chamber induction dollars . it took until february 2024. the german wonder starting to recognize the victim rule ruffled and his socials as persecuted under national socialism. a commemoration in the bunder stock is still pending mega dinged to her at the ovens mud memorial. happily it is a long professional dispute. let's see outside us only result in

a compromise last year in 2022 lanagan being called to commemorate the lesbian women who perished there with a memorial sphere. after decades of masking and concealment even to de la, delicious. not all the stories can be told fully, and clearly he met him a bag of this, but at least that are finally been the old and more and more ever this by historians mission the attorneys elaine. because clearly not to use the criterion laws of the nazi last year as the initial ending of the closest standard for recognition as victims of national socialism. now, according to official statements, mary, bernie and my 90 die into healthy of heart failure. in the rav and spring concentration camp on may 28, 1942 aged, 30 sounds meadows and there, these are undoubtedly statements made to conceal the murder and the relocation of

the killing in this so called sanatorium. so target her last 2 days later, her husband was told in his air that he could request his wife's own at his own rig expanded senior fritz. pony are dead. so lucy and feelings and head are buried on september 4th 1942 yell at the yen further st. jewish cemetery in hamburg, mustard. as soon as height is ogden, mary. what would you tell us to day mary lacked at accused of being anti so surely . teared among the selected and murdered as a lesbian master found in which of these things were true, which were allegation vast validity. what was important to years lead log in was the love and happiness in your life. him a hin in at least i pushed in a stumbling stone and in hamburg. one spoke, commemorates you get so good. how much we would have liked to listen to you

this morning, poor man reading in the cold of holocaust wisdom, mary vanya, my opinion, sir cuza being anti social. now when to hear from another actor who will read an account of another victim after this musical interlude for, oh, dear father, you, tim v. goldman b, i live in king b and b own a ada beside men. a tie there, li fluids via the nice begin it. one to my whole. don't get it.

he off in here is, i mean it's and gotten short kind of a guy in bonn. mentioned a kid by in a, in india a, me a, the, they leave made money site a

oh, yeah, by the name i bob i. e z. i a vein hon. zion. oh, who have been in i, you know, show, nish, i am gone. so i can me no kidding name. oh oh oh it's

fun, tim b come and get a with

and then i saw this ceremony in german minister if you are just joining us. we are watching special coverage. i go dear car, go on. tiffany: actually it should be you stand with earl to give testimony. knowing you lived a long life. you live to be 95, but it was not enough. so i told him in 2003 the year you died. only a few people wanted to hear stories like your own homes. so i am standing here now with you and trying to lend your voice to the science once you are a young 22. when you are detained for the 1st time under section 175 reported by a headmaster, a flyer, something you did a few years ago. you just to boys to a pitch lock is not on your side. you are sentenced to more than one year in prison as it gets from now on. you have a criminal record tell you are a criminal. good morning mr. license. lauren in 1912 and bots,

fish and on in germany, you later move to bram a half and to become a nurse them. then in 1934, the asked the 1st conviction under section $0.17 aged $22.00. i must be one year later in 1935 herself. hitler's regime amend, section $175.00, which had existed since $1872.00 and the german writing tightening it not only with higher sentences from now on foot, sentences can be passed according to popular sentiment and sentences are passed in abundance, often without solid evidence to miss young, you're young girl still younger than that? you keep see another man secretly. of course or else? monson luna? in 19386 and you are 26 and you are reported again on monday and im 19391940. you are sentenced to

a total of 3 years in prison under section $175.00. in november, in november 1942, austin is off your sentences, including pre trial custody, almost served. the police orders preventative custody of families classified as a dangerous repeat offender. you are deported in january 1943 to the concentration camp. napoleon gunman. yeah, hamburg. you think it is here that you were the pink triangle on your prison uniform for the 1st time intended for prisoners convicted under section 175 spit up . later you said that 2 things help you survive the terror of life in a concentration camp. thanks i know soon as i had been trained as a nurse, you said, would you stick? i was assigned to the infirmary. well, i didn't have to go on daily work duties one and you mustang and

thanks to the help of comrades, i later managed to swap my pink triangle for red one. the longest be them for political prisoners, but not long after you committed another concentration camp offense in you. a word like i like the camp commander, let the russian prisoners, prisoners of war star of you. we then tried to smuggle food way. sions into the russian campbell, when we were exposed, the order was full of punishment in the form of transport to our schmidt v lights. on coming together with 4 of my comrades, i was deported to auschwitz on june 1st 1943, using it it has. here we see you as an inmate off auschwitz, elena 1943. that is inside campus. i know you are 31 years old. in my intellect, at least english, you were the red triangle of political prisoners from now on a clear advantage because it is an open secret that inmates wearing the pink triangle are at the bottom of the hierarchy both for the guards and fellow

prisoners. they jamante gallagher, dan from just before he was executed in 1947, rudolph huss. the former camp commander of auschwitz, writes in his journal about inmates wearing the pink triangle. but he hasn't had with them. even the hardest labor or the strictest control were of no avail, as even get them as they could not or did not want to refrain from their vice. they knew that they would never be free. these are this most effective mental pressure, accelerated the physical decline in these usually frail characters come that soon. if this was accompanied by the loss of the friend due to the sickness or even death, you could predict their exit as easily of what the friend meant. everything to these characters in this situation, it happened more than wanted them to friends, passed away together giggling to see that you managed to work as a nurse in the infirmary again, you even rise to be block leader by you loop to young polish inmates are assigned

to you in an arm, and you will never forget their names that they wish to dish. and speaking f, i don't spend 21 and 15 years old. to do this, you love them. you light her said this and did everything to protect them. who invented at some point, you are torn apart to them. the traces are lost up. do you believe? did they survive these? a lot of this question stayed with you for the rest of your life. good sort of asylum. shortly before auschwitz concentration camp is liberated by the red army to day on the 27th of january 78 years ago. you are sent on a transport towards the west that you barely survived in your words of mine. when on the 8th of may 1945, i was sick with dysentery and almost dead. a french doctor pulled me out of a heap of corpses and nursed me back to health. nothing quickly after the war,

you returned to remo honeymoon, most of them, but in march 1946, you are detained again. and in september, if you are sentenced to 5 years in prison under section 175 for gross indecency with men to diamonds, it's meant to your horror. you discover that the judge waiting for you in court is the one who convicted you before. and even while comes, you was the words. it's you again, an untucked anesthetized emotion by your defender to shortened the prison sentence . by the number of years you spent attendant concentration camps is turned down. you have to serve the full 5 years in prison in indiana and the years of the national socialist regime between 19331945, approximately 50000 men were convicted under section 175 in germany. around 10000 of them were sent to different concentration camps once they had served their sentence. just as many were sentenced between 19451969 the federal

republic of germany is it under the same section in its version from 1935, should be doubly later cargo had merits competency. now, i could not find a job for 10 years then because i had a proper criminal record to maybe have later my time in prison was deducted from my pension claims. and my pension was lower than the social benefit minimum levels to have to hold the cobra. from 1950 on while still in prison, ca laguna had filed several applications for compensation for the injustice sufferer during the innis regime of them. all of them are turned down north of them. in 1957 in the federal constitutional court confirmed that the national socialist version of section 175 did not classify as national socialist injustice, but was in accordance with current legal interpretation. after his release from prison at more than 10 years of unemployment colleagues not found work with the

siemens mission in brim a half and until he retired on again. and again, he requested to have his years of imprisonment in concentration. camps to be considered in his pension. these requests to were turned down repeatedly one last time in 1980 by the social welfare court of raymond, on account of the plaintive not having been persecuted, but penalized for the sexual offences committed by him. as i said, it was only when young people at the blue market into town center. first and foremost, the sociologist, your quota, stood up for him. that finally his monthly pension was tied up with a moderate 500 dodge mark by the hardship fund of bremen. in didn't young. in the same year, 1989 car garage joined a field excursion of young homosexual men from north germany or the 1st openly gay groups to travel to auschwitz for finally got him. on the one hand, as a group of volunteers from action for reconciliation, helping to repair the memorial. and on the other hand,

is to search the archives for testimonies of section 175 prisoners using via cable right here, where we see the car to go ha. while visiting the memorial site of auschwitz for him only one thing was important in his endeavor as you would he find out what had happened to his young polish friends today, ocean spinning. if happens, he v had they like him, survived in my he wouldn't in the archive, documents were shown to him according to which the names of the 2 young poles were noted on a death list. he moved the by now 77 year old man was so devastated by this that he discontinued the journey and travelled back to brim. i often alone cagle watched cargo aunt died in march, 2003 aged 90 own adieva without having learned the truth about the 2 young poles till it came to light. only recently and 2020 in rahman is fine within the

framework of the polish german research project remembrance in auschwitz, including sexual minorities, the polish historian, doctor's johan, aust. raska did not only find out that both men had survived. i know one of them speaking, speaking yes, kayla. that accompanied guided tour as through the memorial site of our shipments as a contemporary witness in 1989 the year cargo had was there searching for records, ruling his fate. speaking of speaking of diet as lightest, 2012 the light comes to it was miss stevenson. maybe in the spanish you can find a little bit more piece in the knowledge that your young polish friend survived. maybe you can listen to us to day. dear carl

seeking out of hopeless tax pleasanton didn't mag speakers, president viet on the president. ladies and gentlemen, it's orange question. come is the fact i can speak before you now is not a matter of clothing. young was just a few years ago from caesar. i was so insecure, deep inside, hiding ashamed of my feelings by him are always on guard, just not to say anything wrong or just not to reveal anything about my feelings miss for from guy until 5 years ago. i was considered to have a criminal record because in 1964 when i was 17 years old. i was accused

barber public prosecutor's office in ryan and palatinate, and surely subsequently found guilty. guilty because of my feelings for another man are guilty of having violated section 175 of the penal code use upon this saxon places for that. not an answer to. it was tightened further in 1935 by the nancy's end of this titan version was still valid in west germany until 1969. it was not completely abolished until 1994 and it was not until the year 2017 that the guilty verdicts were overturned, including the one against me. but the, i'm just not to natalie's was especially this what applying it unnerved criminal law during national socialism still applied to me and many others until 1969. when our society,

i slowly began to deal with the crimes committed between 19331945 that we were not yet welcome with was our way of life. and the poison of the national socialist image of man and family still lingered too much in the minds of the spirits. we are none. that's not just gay men that also lesbian women, bisexuals transit, and intersects people. few and i'll give august for all of us were in the 3rd rise . winston had not yet ended. as the historian lance joachim shows accurately but exaggerated in 1963, the only way for myself and the prior to avert a prison sentence. in 1964 was to start the therapy that was supposed to shoot me off my homosexuality. cure in quotation, monica clark,

my co defendant at the time, was already 21 years old, and thus considered of age of received a prison sentence of one. here. mine is on the back to see this. my family was shaped by the christian faith love. i myself believe that i could change nothing that i could live my life fashioned activists, according to the christian norm that prevailed at the time. but after that i'm in. what does that do to impersonate on guitar was done no harm to any one ring or who has not harassed, threatened or attacked any one? what does it do to someone who is forced to undergo therapy? the inside that denies him his feelings by his his way of life, he did his identity, his being mileage be the if i later wife either to them to help with it like sometimes accompanied me to this.