ah, in nazi germany, men who loved men, women who loved women, lived in constant fear. 57000 were sent to prison as many as 10000 were sent to concentration camps. stripped of their dignity, forced to wear a pink triangle. today, for the 1st time, germany's parliament dedicated its annual holocaust commemoration to the gay men, lesbians, and transgender people who were targeted by the nazis in to they also served. as a reminder, the nazis may be part of the past, but the hate they harnessed is not. i'm burnt off in berlin. this is the day. ah, we community has poured for a decade that the prosecution of queer people in the fries

and would finally be remembered his 2nd victim grapes, a scene is less valuable than other than that means one thing that the nazi ideology left on. and unfortunately, it's a self present today. if we're having cruelties against queer passions i decided late in life to finally come out as again now this was the liberation off to which i felt for the 1st time that i was really me. ah, also coming up holocaust remembered state is marked every year on the anniversary of the liberation of the al schmidt's death. yeah, liberation that took place. 78 years ago. meal church to be silent is to give voice to the perpetrators so much newton to be neutralized to reach out to the re pony

gl kitchen avi was the to remain indifferent. his now wasn't then giving permission to the murderous millennium, or to listen to our viewers watching on p b. s. in the united states into all of you around the world. welcome. we begin the day on this international holocausts remembrance day commemorating those who were lost. an estimated 6000000 jews were murdered by the nazis before and during the 2nd world war. and as it has done every year since 1996 germany marked holocaust remembrance day with a solemn ceremony inside parliament. the bonus taught other groups were also persecuted by the nazis and this year for the very 1st time i thought the focus was people targeted due to their sexual orientation or their gender identity or does talk president rebel boss said that during the nazi regime, the 10s of thousands of people were imprisoned under laws that criminal lives, homosexuality, laws that lasted 2 decades after but not her. oh,

did, in fact gotten the common via and t v and, and the commemoration was also attended by members of germany's l g, b t, q, community, some of whom shared their experiences. shonda taught shame that a mortal sin thus in crimes. these were terms i heard in mind, not only from my parents bought the, i built an illusory world around waste became mutes hip lucille suffered from depression and even physical pain. that seemed for decades the man at the foolish emergency. but my feelings could not be turned off or suppressed to nothing, but inside me, i kept hold of a dream of a free and normal life. encouraged by years of activist work and bold role models.

and so i decided, late in life to finally come out as a gay man is too tight diesel ah, this site was the liberation ne, after which i felt for the 1st time that i was really me o g b, g q groups have applauded the german parliament, but the decision to spotlight those who were targeted by the nazis because of their sexual orientation or their gender identity. that decision. well, it was years in the making. ah, it's the day looks van dyke has been fighting for in 2018. the historian and teacher petition to the bonus dog for the 1st time, his goal to get the highest political levels to recognize the persecution of quick people. the reason why we never gave up to have hope that this recognition on the highest government liver would happen is not only because it has a brick meaning

a strong meaning, important meaning um for us, our minorities. but it means also that germany as a country has reached a level of humanity of democracy where different voices are heard in 2022 parliament finally decided to commemorate l g b t q victims of the nazi regime. male homosexuality was banned long before hitler came to power in 1933. but the nazis ramped up persecution. gay men were imprisoned and cent of concentration camps, where they had to wear the pink triangle. around 10000 gay men were murdered. recent research on other queer people also shows systematic persecution and legislation outlawing homosexuality and germany was only fully dropped in 1994. if i look back in my own life, when i was 14 and the paragraph still existed,

and i grew up in as a society where i was a criminal boy. if i were to have been honest in berlin van dyke meets for a discussion on why remembrance for sexual minorities has been such a struggle. both audience and panelists agree, research for many types of victims, remain scant. for van dyke, the battle is only getting started. i thought to find the chief man and trickier encouragement to go on and to look in those 2 of those countries where it's too dangerous, ought the life threatening to view sexual minority van dyke will continue to fight argue and build coalitions. because the struggle for remembrance and against persecution goes on. and i enjoy now when you're the big table by him met. no, he is the executive director of the federal magnus years failed foundation,

which is dedicated to fighting against the discrimination of l. g. b t q. people right here in germany, mr. meds are it's good to have you with us. we appreciate you coming in and you were at that ceremony that service inside parliament today. was there a sense that yes, this is right or was also there also the sense maybe better late than never. i think it's better late than never, but of course 78. yes. a man's life time and is a very long time. but we know that there was, i'm brocade smith in the head of the stock and over the yes. and so we are very grateful that that with them with the session that i know to focus e j communities. the 2nd one on the in the morning, or if at 1st glance,

many would say that this is progress. me. this is something that would have maybe not been possible even 101520 years ago. you've got the highest political institution of the country that is recognizing the historic suffering of l g, b, t, u, the people in nazi germany. but we got some numbers. we want to show our viewers. if we look at these numbers, it would appear that society is actually moving in the other direction, becoming less, not more tolerant, the number of anti l g b t q hate crimes. in nearly doubled from 576 in 2019, and got the pandemic to 1051 in the year 2021. and that's only the number of crimes that were reported. it's estimated that the actual number is nearly twice as high. so why, why are we going backwards? i'm not quite sure if we are going backwards. i think people have a increasing awareness about the problems on hate crime rewards as you

b t i people and i think people learn more and more that a police and authorities are not any me off the edge of the tie a community. so they have encouraged to report, grimes, which in the last decades, and we have only very little knowledge about this. you think it is people now being brave enough to report the crimes in the past? it might be one explanation, one aspect, but i don't want to underestimate this, that's b, b, d, i community. because if you look to the world of course, educate community is on the fresh everywhere. and there's a reason why the day is so important. do show up for public authorities, head of states are right next to it. yeah. go to the community and give them making all their identity and orientation. i understand that

when the organizers in parliament were putting together to these programs, they wanted to have people come in and talk. he would actually been targeted by the nazis. but unfortunately, they're all dead. there's no one alive. but the poor, the thing is that not the law went on until 994, or at least 968. and one of the guess today, as i say, the bond was sentenced in and 1964. at the same time, been in frankfort or shoot style started. the chapter at sign can tell us that he was sentenced, worked with a c law. so this, this is the point that then the end of the war came in

$945.00. everyone's that never again. but this doesn't exist except for the gays. and the, and some say as that, that i went on till 968 n for nancy law was a little bit like it. but at the end, after you need to cation this close to $175.00 for softball. it took a very, very long time and constitutional court in the fifty's 1950 said ok, that's not night. and they say law, this is law because the behavior, homosexual behaviors against moral attitudes of society. and i think this is the thing we have to point out. we came a very long way to call a very long time, but it's a progress and some aspect is slowly like a snake, you know? and so we have to get our it should be

a little bit more quick. yeah. more quickly and not forget that sometimes patience is a virtue, sometimes it's not mr. holmes that we appreciate you taking the time to talk with us tonight. thank you. always a pleasure. thank you. well, my colleague hunter brought, he was also at the bull, is taught remembrance today, and he spoke with nika, slavic one of the 2 german parliamentarians who are openly transgender. and he asked 1st about the significance for her, of this come immigration. it's been a very moving ceremony and i'm very thankful to the parliament that it could finally happen because the queer community has fought for a decade. that the prosecution of queer people in the 3rd rise would finally be remembered. and that we would finally talk about the crimes that were committed by the nazis 1000. so homosexual people kills who

came to the concentration camp and the horrors continued after the nazi time as well in germany. because after 945 homosexuality was still a crime, it was still very difficult to talk about everything that happened. and so almost 100 years after the gnostic, terra began in germany. finally, our democracy took the important step to talk about the crime in the german, on the talk. and so it's been a very significant and a very historic day. but what does it mean today for korea, people in germany or in europe today? these crimes obviously are very far away the 70 years. maybe you just said almost a 100 years ago. very far away. but they continued for many

decades into the lives of the people who came after the nazi time as well because of the nazis. they burned all the science on queer people that came into existence in the early 20th century. they close down all the cafes of the meeting place, the people who weren't able to talk about korea live for well, long into the sixties and seventies. people still came into prison, but something must have changed. there was the celebration today at this. come immigration, i should say today in the, in the bond is talking you're a member of parliament now there is change. um we have more clear people in the gym and wouldn't the stark now and with tessa cancer. i and me the 1st open transgender people are ever in gem and history in the gym. and when does talk and,

and said to colleagues of mine out at themselves. um, as the gay couple a few days ago. and we have more clear mendez and in harlem, and now than ever before. and, and we've been fighting for this commemoration that we had to day for many, many decades. and it was blocked by the presidents of the parliament for many years. and now i think finally, we have an understanding and the parliament that it's important to clara commemorate and also this doc chapter of history and to finally make good and to change our law and yon to finally we make progress in history. but this to lot to do, i think my next guest is anna. i cova. she is a story in at the university, a warwick. she's also the author of the book, the last ghetto, which focuses on the everyday history of the so easy in shot death camp during the

holocaust. miss i go back, joins me now. it's good to have you. where this to night. we know that l g, b, t, q activists. they have been trying for years to get what, but we saw today inside the german parliament, it talk to me about the importance of including people in this ceremony today. at 1st of all, it's dr. hi, glen, not miss cycle. i am an academic, it's incredibly important to include long marginalized groups because values are changing and know the no longer can exclude people on basis of the color or sexual orientation. this is a history of people who were sent to the concentration camps because to the marginalized as different who, while the way in the concentration camps were treated even by the fellow prisoners as deviant as somebody who deserve to be there. and if they were extremely lucky

and survived, they were barred from varying system one and this marginalization took such a long time. that today there is no longer anyone alive who could testify in the understand that is a shame. and yet i'm extremely proud and happy that yes, it has happened today. it's too late, but still it's very important and very liberating for many young people and not one of the young ones. i want to touch on your research for a moment as a historian, to what extent did the fate of jews worston if they happened to be homosexuals under the nazis, were they were they subjected to even more rude or treatment by their captors? absolutely. so before i can certain 9, usually i'd use her persecuted, persecuted for s intersection reasons. because that clear because day a so called a socials, because that political active because stand

a labor union and so on. and something similar us applies both to clear men as to queen women. but after 941 now to start faced a systematic implementation of the holocaust did use who had imported if they get into concentration camps. if they survive the selection and auschwitz or elsewhere for them as clear, so she had to stop me something different because now everybody comes and people with our can engage in same sex actually. but what is interesting is how to survive a recall on a demand being triangle as the game. and it's interesting, the way people were identified, particularly homosexuals. now let's take what we saw happening the brutality that was happening under the nazis. it was bring it to what we're seeing right now. we know that l g b, t groups activist groups have phrased the german parliament for being so inclusive

in today's ceremonies. at the same time, all around the world, we are seeing increases in violence, hate crimes aimed at people in the l. g, b, t, q. community. it almost seems that we are moving in reverse. is that what is happening? i'm afraid you're completely right. you see i, a man lesbian check to who lives in great britain, a, somebody stole a citizenship and of a 6 tremulous shocked to see what happened in buddy's lover. in the gay bark. applauding, aware, nationalistic murderer, short 2 young people, and afterwards, a number of chickens local additions, failed to acknowledge that this was a homophobic crime. this was a hate crime and they saw that it was very few politicians who spoke about it openly at even the chick a prime minister. but the feeler who is himself of jewish background, fails to acknowledge it and only on pressure from the public. he acknowledge that

in germany, it took a long time until the ha, my marriage, where everyone we have had it in the u. k. much longer and check the public still doesn't ethically a marriage and as a huge backlash, i am extremely worried at the historical development we have seen in the last, at least 7 years. the election of trump, the alternative truth and to i'll try and backlash. it's really throwing us by court, and therefore i welcome to development. it's going to stock. and it's also poignant reminder to democracies in all our hands. and we need to all do our bit or maybe much more than just a bit. yes, everyone needs to do their bit because the people who were, you know, remember today are no longer with us. you know, you said there are no more gay men or lesbians living who could have spoken at today's event. what do we do moving forward when we have this risk, but just reconfigure? yes, sorry, i interrupted you. no, i don't think we have

a history of being for button, but we have a risk that history will be sentimentalized and chopped into tid bits. that is kind of leached of any meaning at speak them and said recently, you know, because his booklet went in some libraries and reconciles that people on death of fuzzy chandler holocaust. and they want to for useful history. but to come to terms this authentic histories of genocide words and all asynchronously meaningful. and therefore we need to engage even just inc. affordable history. i mean, here in germany who had to hold on to learn who went after his trans, who reminded them what really happened inside this room. and i do hope that after saying this, i will not be suit myself and, and therefore, i think the role of his transit public intellectuals is incredibly meaningful. it is a lot of work. i'm here at 7 pm and chavez talking to you. but i do it. glad doctor on i go, we appreciate you taking the time on this friday evening to speak with us. thank

you. bye bye. well, as we mentioned, international holler calls remembered stay marks, the liberation of the nazi extermination camp, which is known as that was 78 years ago. today at today's commemoration, else with survivors slowly made their way toward what was known as the death wall of the camp. where the lead flowers, the candles, the memorial it out of it preserves the death camp set up on polish soil by nazi germany during world war 2. while the camp was liberated by soviet troops, this year, russia was excluded from the commemorations for the 1st time ever over its invasion of ukraine. now in the israel, as the number of living survivors of the holocaust windows, keeping memories alive, it can be a challenge. but 3 women filmmakers are using virtual reality headsets to take people on a simulated tour of the nazi death camps for

a virtual reality with a powerful message. these moviegoers in central jerusalem being taken on a confronting journey. the brainchild and 3 young is reading filmmakers who felt this new technology will help take the past from slipping away . the 1st thing we said is, let's take this technology and bring this emotional, super powerful experience to so many people who cannot go. we understood that with this technology, we can read, you know, put life in, hit enter, history, the history of ash with burke anal, for example, as seen in one of things, headsets for years now in israel, a concern has been growing. how to maintain awareness of the holocaust as its last survivors disappear. sarah and shlomo hardly needed

a reminder. they escape and not the extermination plan. children. you know the causes of do we watched it. we couldn't sleep that night. after we saw it all the emotions planted in to see what we were saying from a money tunnel cover. yep. the me, a scale of it bis industry of sarah and her family were on a train, headed for outfits when their fate took a different turn in the scene. michelle, my name shamira calls from above, bombed the railway a lot. so instead we would take into a walk camp unless it's somewhere a co from god that we managed to escape this hell that we didn't. den delta the, we survive and built a family bar for the developers building the experience is an act of remembrance. you know, and i feel after the survivors, after all the survivors, i watched this movie, i feel that day feel,

and they know that they can leave this world. and we're not gonna forget them. immersive nature. and this technology makes her a very powerful and intimate experience develop his hope that it will also resonate with young audiences like this one on the same blacklight. not just hearing israel, but around the world to help keep the memory of the holocaust alive for future generations. that was rebecca. where does the reporting on the day when we commit ourselves once again to never forget? for the days almost john, the conversation continues on line. your vital twitter either at the w news, you can follow me on twitter at brent gov. tv and remember, whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day. have a good weekend. everybody thought

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