d, w dot com ah ah, the ward population is good, and more and more people are living in metropolitan areas around the blue, where there's a greater need to create a living space and build houses. but with consequences for the environment. more than a proud of the carbon dioxide emissions worldwide are caused by the building and construction sector. what steps can return to create a more sustainable construction industry? that's our topic today on eco india. hello, welcome. i'm sunny doug. for a 4 story we had to india us desert state with largest hunt, where we take a look at an inner weight of architecture project,

a gold school that was initiated with the help of a non profit organization. been structured using traditional methods and local materials. the building meets more than standards of energy efficiency and sustainability. at the same time, the school provides an important social impetus for the education of girls in one of the most remote parts of india. ah ah, here in the tar desert, in the far west of india's righteous town steed, it gets very hot. temperatures can push 50 degrees celsius in the summer. in the midst of this was by landscape lies in almost space age structure. it houses that are married at now with eager school, where full 100 children from poor backgrounds are getting an education. the building is bought futuristic and traditional. the oval form helps funnel air

through the courtyard and at the same time as a symbol of female strength. for her to you as architect the design post challenges that she sold by a drawing on local techniques. i spent a lot of time there over by 8 years and the more i got to know the people and i got to know the buildings. i learn more and more about the sophisticated on elements of engineering that went in to ah, it went in to being able to a bill in san, which is, you know, no smoking eat, it's always shifting as well as changing and also to have the walls and the structure, sh b or to be able to withstand the heat and keep the buildings, you know. cool or cooler was sort of my objective. many of the

traditional techniques, kellogg tone, 2 are matters that have been practiced here for centuries. and have stood the test of time in an unforgiving climate inside the school there no energy guzzling air conditioners, yet it's at least 10 degrees cooler than our doors. in the winters, the building traps hot air to keep blossoms warm. some 40 kilometers away lives, the fortress city of jason, made known as the golden city. it's historical. buildings are constructed from yellow sand stone that gleams in the sunlight. diana kellogg discovered the local material was ideal for her design. the sandstone actually has an inherent thermal value. there is an outside layer, and then there's kind of a softer inner layer which is almost acts as an air cabbage cavity. and then another interior layer. ah, in addition we use line luster,

which is our natural cooling on element ah, which, you know, help us to lower the temperatures are as important as local materials were local crafts people, the building features jolly's lattice stone work, which keeps out the sand. and let's light an air in solar panels, provide enough power to cover all of the schools electrical needs to help keep classroom school. the roof is covered with recycle tiles that reflect sunlight with its use of traditional building techniques. the project also aimed to promote local craftsmanship and improve lives in the community, associate architects. we are bazaar work closely with the artisans. the windows at a height avoid the direct sunlight into the room with the heat of the room, but it gives us enough diffused light, which has the silver and to read in the natural light. we have all the furniture

being made by the local carpenters, and we also have this nice lamp shade which is done by a crowd when from this means so every might be in the school is being made by all the local officers and craftsman that article might eat up now with the goal school was built within the timeframe of just 10 months. it's on the final canopy, doesn't just provide baba, but also much needed sheet. a place for students to play while sheltering from the heat. throughout the school, sprouts harvest screen was an ancient dec be no longer used in many parts of india . in the courtyard to treat, preserved during construction, offered a habitat for bees and birds. the project was commissioned by c i t t a non profit organization based in new york with offices in india. it's founder you as artist michael dow discovered

a love for the region and its people to his travels. he wanted to give goes here the chance of a better future economic independence. the conservative state of largest hon have india, west female literacy date. the desperately blog villages around jeff made. am close to pakistan, have been particularly behind on women's education. we have schools all over the district, even at the border villages, but we don't have teachers going there. and the teachers get paid more than what we up being our teachers at school right now. and the infrastructure is dead. but the implementation is not being dig is not hard to get off. so that's the, that's falling all the way and get i dos. she has been teaching english here since the school opened in july 2021. just over a 100 goes streamed through its doors, then, and achievement in itself. people in roger's town have long been skeptical about girls education. it's typically for poor parents to send their daughters out to

earn money. jewel she says, persuading them to instead send their daughters to school is being off by giving him a key art. when a given us album, where ocoee, he joined the navy for go guns here to study today. after 10 years, i mean she could become a teacher in her local community either. today these girls come basically regularly nbc, them talking openly with gifts and visitors, easy, happy that we have done something positive for them away, anyhow, lane, but you're getting a good thought, tammy. no, mickey, i sandy's a farmer like almost half of the women and girls and i understand she has never had any formal education, but she is full of hope for her doctor. is going for day buddy. ally and dad are busy buddy and school. they get to study bell, they get proper food. they get good food, free of charge. when muscles that are girls are, i hope she gets a good job that day. lucy out is an app and normally leg this in that that near

most of the pupils are from bomb slate, was one that i was the la den classes at the school until at least the 10th grade, receiving an education that will help them on a livelihood and surrounded by architecture, that's not only climate resilient, but that's the billing them. the dream big. it's the material that literally holds up buildings and thus our civilization together. concrete. it's been used since ancient times. however, it's production is any modern bod, mentally friendly. given the effects on global warming, something has to change, but how sustainable and concrete to really be, and what are the will turn? a dips are reporter, took a look at the temple you're looking at, survived longer than the civilization the built it, even through barbarian invasions and the collapse of the roman empire, the pantheon is still standing up to nearly 2000 years. that's because of the super

material here. concrete, it's simple, it's strong, it's cheap and it lasts long. across the world, concrete has become the foundation of modern cities in high living standards. but it still so a climate killer. the cement and concrete industry is responsible for about 8 percent of the wealth, carbon pollution. and even though it's all around us, we don't talk about it nearly enough. so how can we make concrete clinic? how can we build cities without destroying the planet? the ancient romans were master engineers. they made a special mortar out of wet lyman, volcanic ash, which they used to bind small stones and brick. they used it to build some of the greatest wonder to be ancient world. but when the roman empire fell, so did the secrets of making volcanic concrete. it wasn't until the 19th century, the english bricklayer, joseph asked and invented portland cement,

a fine powder made by heating, limestone and clay in a kiln and grinding it down to a powder. this was the precursor to the modern cement industry. soon, concrete was at the heart of a global construction boom of everything from cities and houses to roach and dance . but the concrete we use today is fundamentally that different from what the romans had. it still made of just a few key ingredient, cement, water, and cheat, filler rocks like the sand and gravel. the cement is what gives concrete base, its incredible strength and toxic emissions. at super high heat, the calcium cabinet of the limestone and silicon dioxide of the clay joined to form strong calcium silicates. but the reaction also release of carbon dioxide that heats the plant, the calcium and silicon ions, and the silicates dis associate. when cement is added to water. as a mixture dries the form crystals that fill gaps and glue material tightly together . by mixing smit, assigning gravel, you can make what is essentially a strong,

durable, artificial rock for very little money. and that's why this ancient invention is now the most widely used material in the world up to water. the concrete industry expects emissions will ride from 2.5 peak aton, pia to 3.8 by 2050. they actually need to go down to 0 to stop the plumbing heating . but the emission from concrete a how to get rid of it's not just the carbon dioxide from the chemical reaction we soraya. it's also because manufacturers been fossil fuels to heat, killed to the 1400 degrees celsius. they need to break down the component. old that means making one ton of concrete release with more than 600 kilograms of carbon dioxide into the air. it is incredibly carbon intensity. it is definitely, yes, we probably will continue consuming more. ready this is joanne alina next, but in d, carbonite industry at the environmental think tank e 3, g, she says, cemented harder to fix than pollution from. say, cause o'clock. constantly. make sure that you obviously,

consumption is more fish. you constantly change the fuel use. there is a fundamental technical challenge with concrete is so hard to make, without hurting the climate. shouldn't we just stop eating altogether? well, festival, the rich well has been building with concrete for more than a century. people in the lower some countries have a right to build affordable housing, an infrastructure that can stay strong in the face of extreme weather. but the 2nd problem is that alternative to concrete aren't necessarily better in some parts of the world sustainably. soft timber has a huge potential to replace concrete. i'm store carbon dioxide at the same time. but building anti cities out of trees would put too much pressure on forest that already struggling. okay, is not the problem cookies actually the solution? this is georgia degree to a civil engineering professor at the university of lisbon. most people think that

okay, has a huge impact on the out. right. but yeah, because east the most in. so it concrete has really had to stay then how exactly can we make it green? ah, in october 2021, the industry took a huge step forward and unveiled its plan for doing just about a big chunk of the savings by 2050 basically boiled down to efficiency. for instance, 11 percent comes from industrial lighting, the process of making concrete. then there's things like heating kilns with oldtime to fuels, pat from biting rubbish and waist incineration plots, or making cement with left over material from steel and cold plants. it also includes some carbon dioxide. the concrete naturally absorbs the time. it's a process, a construction industry could speed up by recycling, crushed concrete from old buildings and injecting it would see or to another 22 percent of the plan savings come from designing more efficient buildings and

extending the lifetimes. and this isn't entirely in the hands of the cement industry. it's also about how architects and engineers design all cities. they could retrofit old buildings instead of knocking them down and design new ones to last longer. just like the romans did. the pompeiian went from a pagan temple to a christian church. but the big question mark is the final that capture and commentary, and often submitted and then storing the technology broadly exists and plants like this just not cheaply or at scale. to come the industry guaranteed that enough comp and will be captured by 2050. when the 1st trials in cement pumps are only just happening now. the thing is that's a nice thing. yes we have is they don't make that the good you mature on to oh, you just, you'll still it easier to commercial, get rid of that because this is tom argue, ceo of the cement industry lobby group. that oath that the roadmap. by the end of the decade, they won't tend cement plumps fully equipped,

capture cop and for reuse. so storage, it's not exactly easy. i mean, we need to crease, we need to work on it. that's why we called about the close to that model on the actors. oh, did you change you had personal grace? that's a, a initiative to re make you make it work. but despite putting on a green face in its advertising, the concrete industry has not yet made detailed commitments as to how it will stop eating and said that will come later in the in. now what we want to do is we to walk on commitments infectious global vision into look her re glad. in experts. a big part of the solution would be incentivizing the industry to change by taxing carbon and subsidizing emerging technology. ready but because cement, to say profitable and alternative, the still in the early stages of development, governments would need to push it along the right track. it is a very chance intensive sac. so it is an actor that is ancient sag, except as in very relaxing to even the past hasn't faced honesty, prussia,

people don't really think about this is also constant in what's events. ready there are ready pockets of good news. a british company has successfully captured c o 2 from a cement compton front and turned it into material that can be used in construction . and sweden, a pilot study has shown cement, can technically be made out of electricity without using for seals. though this would also mean the, the more demand for clean energy in norway cement factory is set to open a carbon capture facility in 2020 full. that should single handedly half the plants, emissions, the common thread behind all the solutions is making low carbon concrete cheaper. and that takes policies, investment, and research. the average consumer doesn't think you have to spend the place with already government. that doesn't mean you don't have a voice show, you can't, she's how much concrete is in your home. but the more tension, the cement industry gets,

the more pressure it will face to go green. to find greener, building materials, and move away from concrete. it's what looking back to ancient construction techniques. that's the idea. followed by an architect who works on his projects mainly and thumb or not. he uses natural materials like lawman, lime store to build his eco friendly homes. ah. these walls in bree. yes, you heard that right? indian cities are strewn with concrete and cement building. but some architect, i trying more eco friendly of sustainable alternatives. i entered is an architect from dom in nato. and he's trying something different to build houses with play limestone, gravel, stone, and rocks are building godaddy mckenna. i've been in the boy the

main people think that cement has to be the main component of a building was downloadable, but to men is actually very wasteful. borneo that new york, it's produced after exploiting a lot of natural resources from the earth and water. but if you do rest, i give out the world. welcome. when in the end on the we can't recycle some at either the end of the letter. so i decided to keep the summit in my projects to a minimum amount of birth. ah, what makes i announce construction different is that his house's let in cool air and keep the humidity under control. even when the outside temperature is hot, according to its new residence, the building remains cool. leaning more day, the wave under the lift. this type of construction affects the way the building is insulating. it will be in the lake. oh, and we have a lien there, but when the temperature outside is cool, what about it is totally the opposite inside. rumba or to set up an angle and when it's really hot, it's cool inside our home. and that feels refreshing. a little booklet shut. i know

says that these types of money houses can stand for several decades and my indian architects should be using these materials. but the automobile grammar doesn't bug people think it's a simple mud house. it was in more than that. it has no life in any of them and can't last longest day, i believe. what are the they think cement is long lasting. that mccoy came with the a see monday, the not human, but when continuously exposed to sunlight and water for 10 or more years got book wanted cement, can wither in got that can become loose. i've got a number come to me, bernard, or danny, as long up on a but mud houses breathe in the hot air, you got the indic spell. the cold air will look like the temperature which doesn't stagnate inside. you got the woman you yet got the local up as a result and you get these mud houses can last a long time by the not even up to 75 years later than usual. i and i believe that the impact of this construction can extend beyond just one house in the money

building or gardenia the bit since these houses absorb heat radio with the plants around them or benefit from the cool air in the building wouldn't get a but i'm getting you, but we've seen that plants around these structures in the much less water city compared to plants around a concrete structure. lulu the venue there would not in the city but that he holds that clay houses will help people fall in think with major once again creating a building to show the viability of sustainable construction. that's the aim of a project in berlin. the suck in the house would be built almost entirely from waste and reused materials as an innovative model, the residential and office building in dense to prove that the principles of a circular economy can also work in construction well come to one of the most innovative co working spaces in berlin, inside and out,

it was built with 2nd hand materials. a wooden booth was once an artistic installation by yoko ono now which allows you to make phone calls and work undisturbed. o t as a to a even this door is made of recycled plastic research and we were used it here for the 2nd time. quite a bit of a look. ah, the materials for these lockers came from an exhibition at berlin's berk hind club . and the sofa set was salvage from the trash from an old office building. it's napoleon tissue, we called builders. we see a demolition site, and we see what we can reuse. ogle us with the heat of the upper floors are still under construction. the circular house is being erected on the site of a former brewery in berlin. built almost completely from construction waist. does your hint at him subdivision behind the circular house is to show that circular or sustainable construction is possible boil?

it hasn't really been done in this way before or few of the building sector causes 40 percent of global emissions and 60 percent of global waste vendors. our goal here is to show that we can build differently for the future, just on us to bone for the building began in 2019 on a place of community oriented living and working 3 floors are being added to the breweries former warehouse. they will house office space and 8 apartments at rents that even less affluent people can afford, in berlin's tough housing market. years on a lot else margin people from marginalized groups can find living space here is lot to do. that means people who are shut out of housing because of their origins, skin, color, or incomes lice because they're getting that the mutual added value here is to be able to experience this diversity. and to really create space for holds herself as much tiriel as possible is intended for later dismantling. and we use most is

screwed together, rather than glued into locked rather than cemented and natural materials are used, which can lay to be composite dung of lucas. and for law, i use our simple wooden walls with straw as natural insulation. dustin then it's all just plastered with clay. middle in for puts, oh, the impact hub has already moved into the ground floor, a co working space for social and non profit enterprises. one of these is the start up jobs for refugees, which places refugees in the german labor market. there were practical reasons for moving into the circular house. as could mentioned the man english are, there are people here who do work like ours. they may be concerned with other social issues, but up perhaps facing the same fundraising challenges. for example, good of us. that we need public funding and we can get support and expertise from other social enterprises that may already have faced. the same questions used in flight to gosh, we shifted on building

a house from recycled materials. requires clever material sourcing the startup con killer. also located here fines and acquires building materials from condemned buildings from lamps and hardly used kitchens to glass facades and intact elevators . as platforms and position as a platform where probably most like tinder is supply and demand. matchmaking platform bringing people and material together rambling too much, lee idea that you build forever and then tear it down again after 10 years because it's cheaper. we believe that's no longer sustainable. my remark would owns on my management hardware. it sounds like a simple concept for the future of construction. yet the sector is struggling with the reusable approach to mind as a sort of, for one thing the mind and really isn't there yet. it's on the for another planning takes much longer and the logistics around it are completely different because,

and that also leads to increased prices. ah, but the founders of the secular house are convinced that sustainable building can and must work. because resources are finite, conserving these finite resources and editing fuel pollutants in the production of construction materials. those are the issues we have to solve in the near future. as the need for new structures continues to grow, the challenge will be to build them in the most innovative, an eco friendly way possible. i leave you with that and see you again next week. good bye. and thanks for watching. ah with

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