getting ahead, using tech, as our documentary series founders valley is africa. to meet the founders empowering their continent through digital innovation transformer, work, and living conditions in their country, and inspiring world with their ideas. on the belly, africa started february, 13th, or v w. can . we're weighing up some serious problems on this week. show these 2 guys, both tip the scales at $120.00 kilos, but only one of them is obese. so what exactly does weight say about body health?

dieting can raise your blood pressure and increase your stress levels. what's a better way to keep the pounds off? this solution isn't necessarily exercise. experts have found out that the faster you run, the less weight you lose. so many questions, stay tuned for the answer is welcome to in good shape. mm hm. ah, celine is as a weight. the 23 year old says she feels comfortable in her own skin, but there is something that really bothers her insults and hostile comments. as an influence or on instagram, she has thousands of followers and is exposed to a loss of hate speech. and so from her sanction my people on instagram mostly have a problem with the way i dress that i wear revealing or sexy clothes or my sexy

clara. celine likes her curves that says she often gets dismissed because of her size, even by doctors, they try to make her feel guilty. my thing, alo, fear usually blame everything on my weights, whatever the problem, my weight is always the cause of everything, no matter which doctor i see they always throw in some comment that i should lose weight or get a stomach reduction monica, even when they know nothing about my medical history, haven't had a shift, and if i get a sports injury, they laugh like how can a fat person get a sports injury and a stick approval and spot for little hong kong behavioral medicine specialist ano hilbert, confirm celine's experience. she deals with the mental health of obese patients and believes doctors simply labeled people as fat are all hopes, bailey, was that the general formula thing we especially see in health care is that actually across all medical and health care professions,

there's this stigma is it that can have a negative impact on how a patient is treated. all sharon, often honolulu, even as a child celine and her family didn't get the support they needed. and i will not look much by not enough to her. and my mom wanted to enroll me in rehab to lose weight when i was 6, but we were always turned down. i didn't really get any support until i was 18, so that's a long time ago. and the problem with nutrition counseling is that it's very expensive and you have to pay for nearly everything yourself from august to go to alice. and lots of people cannot afford that 3 dimensional conflict. celine recalls the unpleasant therapy she had to have when she was 18 the father of him before was i brainwashing everyone was really young in the message was you're not worth anything until you lose weight. prejudice against overweight people doesn't just have

a negative impact on health care. but all aspects of life gentle sources and sure you're less likely to be hired. wages are lower, the chances of getting a promotion a lower. when it's good over all, we can say that the majority of people with obesity face discrimination and stigma because of their weight. this couldn't happen. so about 60 percent of people who were overweight daily compared to just 6 percent of people who are not overweight tomorrow ratings as opposed exports. and it's not just obesity. that can be damaging to a person's health. it's also the discrimination that people like filling faith. she's now standing up for herself after years of struggling with her body. the victim of the road to self confidence was long bert well taking, just feeling comfortable gives you a whole new outlook on life. and then when you stop hiding a few people, dads make comments. top off. according to the world

health organization, around 2000000 adults worldwide are currenty, other weights of which 650000000 are considered to be affected by obesity. the problem is especially widespread in mexico and the u. s. while people in japan are among the world slim but how exactly is obesity defined? it's a question of body mass index b, am i? but how accurate is it as a measure of body fat content? in good shape gets the skinny body mass index is a measure of body fat. calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilos by their height in centimeters squared. for instance, a woman that's 1.65 meters tall, who weighs 57 kilos has a b, m i of 20.9. the world health organization

divides be a might into several categories. under 18.5 is considered under weight between 18.5 and 24.9 is normal. above 25 is overweight and over 30 is considered obese. a high b m i is often equated with not being healthy, but the body mass index is flawed. in many ways, for instance, it doesn't differentiate between muscle weight and fat levels. athletes with a lot of muscle mass could have a b, m, i much higher than 30, and be classified as obese, even though their healthy. fatty mccarty, stanford is an obesity doctor and has published several studies on b, m. i. so what you'll know about, what about the am i, is that be a my isn't reflecting the health of the individual. it doesn't tell me how healthy someone is. it just tells me how they fit into these rigid parameters that are

found in are based really in science. b, m, i also doesn't differentiate between men and women. even though body fat varies naturally between the sexes. susanna klaus has been researching nutrition and metabolic processes for over 25 years. now they do have a rule. women have a higher body. fat percentage between $30.33 is normal in men around 20 percent is normal. biologically, women have more subcutaneous fat, which is also considered good fat tissue and isn't harmful to health, which is why women have a higher body fat percentage on time. another problem with b m, i is, it doesn't take into account where body fat is distributed fat around the legs or hips is perhaps not what we might wish for. but it comes with fewer risks than abdominal fat, which can have very bad health consequences. the more fat we

have around our stomachs, the more undesirable hormones we produce, including leptin, it's responsible for regulating how hungry we field high leptin levels signal to the brain that we are full and don't need to keep eating overweight. people produce a lot of left and due to constant eating. the oversupply can lead to leapt and resistance weakening its appetite suppressing effect. this leads to an unlimited feeling of hunger and the belly gets even fatter. the metabolic health of an individual is governed by where adipose or bad is stored. so if we're storing it around our mid section, it leads to poor health outcomes. it increases our risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, heart attacks, and fatty liver disease, et cetera. when it comes to measuring up domino's fat, there is a more effective indicator than b, m i. so by fear, for example,

a relatively simple measurement is waste circumference, which shows how much a domino fight you have for women, it should be around $88.00 for men, not more than a $104.00. it's dangerous if it's above that age. 25. so how do you get rid of belly fat eating the right amount of filling proteins. lots of vegetables and whole grains by reducing carbohydrate intake. and most of all avoiding or limiting sugar proteins, grains vegetables and legumes with plenty of fibre can help shed the pounds. especially when combined with getting active, not just sports, but any kind of movement and activity can strengthen the metabolism, cloth, mystic is our physical fitness. how active we are is important. it determines how much muscle mass we have and if it was, and if you really active,

not just in terms of exercise, but every day activity levels, i'll talk you better protected against diseases. even if you are a bit overweight for, for a conical open. if it's a visa to can reduce life expectancy by a number of years, the extra weight puts a strain on joints and the spine. it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and heart attack. it's the main cause of type 2 diabetes and too much belly fast. also raises, he'll cancer risk doctor tim and coon is a doctor and nutritionist at the german cancer research center in heidelberg here, such as how and why diet related obesity control, cancer blue masses like these fats in the belly are particularly problematic

by with obesity. we very often find visceral accumulation of fat, right? so the fat around the internal organs in the abdomen accumulates these and this fat releases various messengers that can lead to cancer. for the more abdominal fat we have, the higher the risk of cancer. it's a correlation confirmed in the latest study by kuhn and his team. they studied over 600 people with moderate to severe obesity, and found that all our organs related to food intake are particularly at risk prisoners and who to we know that there are causal links between increased body weight and the risk of 13 different cancers. these are primarily cancers of the gastrointestinal tract at the internal abdominal organs and gynecological cancer sod. men as to leave, you found very specific substances in overweight people that disrupt that

metabolism. that blood work showed increased levels of inflammatory markers. important because inflammation fuels the development of kansas. the good news is that just as these markers can rise with increased moti wait, they can also fall again. that's as if that's what's fascinating about our studies . although even with a weight loss of about 5 percent or 10 percent, there are substantial decreases in these cancer risk marketers, ashley and there is such as we're also able to establish that losing weight reduces ones risk of cancer regardless of one's choice of diet. many of us wouldn't mind losing some weight, but what's the best way to go about it? the up his answer is to simply eat less. if you consume few academies than you been, you bound to lose weight. a diet seems like a sense of option. just avoid fatty foods and cops and get meals. but the tooth as

crash dives, rally luck in the long run. eat healthy for a few weeks and watch the pounds disappear. unfortunately with dieting, it's not quite that simple. often the temptations are just too great, and we can't shake the silent shadow of our psyche. what happens to our mind when we diet american researchers have been trying to find out? first they tested levels of the stress hormone cortisol in, over 100 subjects. half of them were put on a diet and the other half acted as a control group. after 3 weeks, their cortisol levels were measured again in the control group, they'd stayed the same in the diet group. cortisol levels had increased significantly by 17 percent. cortisol increases blood pressure and heart rate and that means our stress levels. but that's not all diets trigger in

the brain. studies show that when you go grocery shopping, when you're hungry, you tend to buy calorie rich foods to satisfy your cravings. our need to satisfy our cravings drives our behavior. setting the pace is the brains reward system. british scientists have researched what impact hunger has on it. study. participants were asked to eat breakfast one day and go hungry another. the scientists then showed them different photos. they wanted to know how the checks rewards systems reacted to the pictures with neutral pictures, their brains hardly reacted, but they did with images of food. in particular, when participants were hungry, the brain became much more active than when they were full. and it reacted

most strongly to images of calorie rich foods. the biggest problem is dyers have to constantly fight their appetite or hunger. the brain becomes confused. this has been shown by studies in sweden, where 850 children and adolescents were asked about their eating behaviors and body awareness. adolescence who often died were not only less satisfied with their own bodies. they also performed significantly worse when it came to their perception of body signals like hunger and safety. the reason behind this is not yet clear, but our perception of body signals seems to get worse. the more often one diets money diets usually aren't effective sometimes very than bad for you.

here's some more constructive advice. you can eat everything that cut down on chance. fat, saturated fat, alcohol, and sugary drinks, candy and chocolate. replace sweet treats and light flour with lung chain cover hydrates such as oath and buckwheat knutson seats are a source of healthy facts along with vegetable oils and fish. low fat cut, pumpkin seeds, eggs and leave. meat contain protein which boosts the metabolism and healthy feel food for longer and drink a lot of. but losing weight takes more than changing your diet. you also need to exercise and to regular sports, but you need to do it properly. lilly schlagel has declared war on her weight as part of her weight loss plan. the 20

year old goes jogging every day. she wants to lose 5 kilos to get back down to her ideal weight. kepler's food, i think he would, he retina. i feel like i gained a tremendous amount of weight over christmas a gun. it probably started before that the really annoying thing is having to buy new pants all the time. i wasn't call from was. they can losing weight through exercise alone work only with a lot of hard work because exercise phones, few calories. then we might think half an hour of relax jogging. for example, buns just 300 calories. that's as many as a single p not chocolate bar. to lose just a kilogram of body fat. you'd have to joke for 13 i live. and then after the work out comes the next problem. yet till sailors quay kidding me. yeah. and in fact, i often get cravings for really calorie rich food is like sweet chocolate pastor or burgers, after exercise. and yeah, and yes, as that has happened to me a lot,

but i just gave in to the temptation and couldn't stop myself or nish me, stockton consul in munich, sports and nutrition scientists, kostin kula is researching how helpful exercise is the weight loss. he knows that a big appetite after exercising is a legacy of our evolution. because fat deposits used to be essential for the survival even to day. the primal human in else doesn't want to lose a single gram of fat. come in to get us on terms of evolution, although this is the body's mechanism to compensate for an energy deficit and ensure it doesn't lose weight or muscle mass. for example, given what on was good muscle to mushroom failure? teaching a lot right after a workout is often the main problem for those trying to lose weight through exercise. today, professor kula and his team want to measure support student lily saga and analyze her metabolism. in addition to cravings,

i'll body has another way of resisting weight loss through exercise. the metabolism switches to extreme energy conservation. in a hill climb in general, we can calculate that up to an energy deficit of about 500 calories a day. it's very likely that our metabolism doesn't adapt insulin, but if we increase that dever said to 1000 calories, or even more a day, until it's pretty certain that our metabolism will slow down and stop and conserve energy, and actually make up for that energy deficit g. d fancied i was like, if you plan to lose weight through exercise, you should train below the point of metabolic adaption. and there's another trick that helps you should train your body to, but i'm fat. by analyzing lily's or spiritual gas, the research is able to determine at what speed the most fast is burned, namely at low intensity as on foot, post ordered in it. so in order to mobilize fat deposits or the body's fat reserves,

and we have to bring the body into a state where it gains energy primarily through fat oxidation. thus this mainly happens at moderate intensities in, for example, at a jogging pace where you can still chocolate, where the heart rate or the pulse rate is not yet so high, where the body can just fall back on those fat reserves voided copper. each of these affected when exercising at higher intensities, the body tends to fall back on carbohydrates, which are more readily available, but they're not stored in fat tissue vialva even something's not his in fact could be buying delegates. and the analysis of lily's metabolism shows, she burns the most fat when she jogs, not just at a relaxed pace, but very slowly, almost at a walking pace. as of as x come, i bet the most flatter 6 kilometers per hour. yes, yes, i am very surprised to say i thought that it would be a lot higher. it sinks as i always have the feeling when i'm running that i have to

run faster to get resigns. so instead of sprinting over short distances is better to run slowly for longer. the better trained your metabolism is, the more fat is burned, even at rest. and there's something else that increases your basal metabolic rate building up a loss of muscle through weight training. because muscle cells constantly, van calories, even at rest. the general rule is don't try to lose weight too quickly. there is such as recommend that lily plans at least 10 weeks till you have 5 kilos. this is the best way to outsmart your metabolism, which doesn't actually want to give up any fat at all. if you want to lose weight, you need to be patient. it takes determination to stick to a healthy eating plan, but you have to find the one that works for you or it one plaque to many failed attempts and you risk losing hope that you can get in shape. but now high

tech could help you stay the course. ah, please put your arms out to the side. strike opposed. look straight ahead and $321106.00 cameras go off all at once. they're set up so that every point john colleen v max body is photographed at least twice colin visibly. she is a researcher at the interdisciplinary institute for human computer media at the university of ruth's book. together with mark english latter shake. she wants to find out whether virtual reality can be used in the treatment of obesity, patients using the photos. the software reconstructs the surface of her body within just a few minutes. a likenesses than created

using artificial intelligence and a little manual support. the trick is that the brain accepts this virtual avatar as its own body. so yet with one conveyor is an act. now we can change this virtual body that has been accepted and it's our hope that changing the body virtually also has a psychological effect in the real world. by the for example, we can make my body heavier. yeah, we can see that here simulated yet. now when i see myself, i immediately have a kind of heavy feeling and spare us go through, assist us. we asked mike of the 1st time i did it. i really did move more cumbersome li, spare setting up a victim. you didn't have the feeling that you're actually carrying this weight on your real body service. yes. oh. and then re anchor patrick via ideas that the

ability to control and change a virtual body could help obesity patients to lose weight in real life. the virtual avatar could help patients to develop a more realistic image of their own bodies or help them stay motivated to lose weight. and the moment when you realize that you've lost a few pounds and leasing a few pounds is a lot of work like you don't feel a sense of achievement because you don't really know to say, well, just make me act. but if you can visualize what it's like to lose, say, 10 or 20 kilos, when you can visualize exactly what that will look like in 254 or 6 weeks. if you keep going, then it has a motivating effect. well, that's what we hope anyway. can get in fights, the technology needs to be improved and made more reliable before it can be tested on patience. the team is working on an even more realistic representation of how the body changes as a result of weight loss or weight gain. next

to help you stay fresh and motivated, it's ok via with a new exercise with today we will train our so make it's the most efficient exercise. hollow. so late on the brown, then show this away from the floor straight in your arms and you're in, you're going to the pip. if it's too hard, just bend your knees, then the 2nd and your hands are moving to your feet. this exercise is the most efficient for your stomach, your abs. you need them on your daily life for walking,

standing or just to stay upright because of bed training. as many times you can do with post this exercise for 10 seconds, 10 seconds to read 6 time. if that's easy for you, add 5 seconds, but then you also have 5 seconds morris, and good luck and see you next time. i'm in good shape. bye bye. ah, with

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