this time, the exiled turkish journalist meets svetlana itsyana sky, exiled leader of the opposition in bella. luce, of course, i'm tied and tied physically untied, morally, is too much on my shoulders, but i have to hold this way because i'm responsible for the future fall country for the people who are behind the boss. guardians of truth starts february 18th on d. w. ah ah ah, the fight against climate change is a complicated one. everyone agrees we need to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.

but figuring out how to do so often provokes heated to base. take electric cars, they're a key part of a greener future. but their batteries require lithium to be minds itself a controversial practice. more on that in a moment. but 1st a look at what else we have coming up. the power and pitfalls of using biofuel as an energy source. a whole new perspective why investors are battling big on augmented reality and high one indonesian entrepreneur used to failure to power or come back. i'm k, ferguson. welcome to maids. the transport industry causes almost a 5th of the world's c o. 2 emissions 2nd only to the energy sector. no wonder then that interest in electric mobility is growing so fast. but here's the catch electric car batteries run on a lithium and right now the world doesn't have enough of it to meet ever increasing

demand. that scarcity has led to a dramatic rise in lithium prices, as well as a growing interest in new mining projects. next report will take you to the us state of nevada, where indigenous people are fighting back against plans to transform their homeland into a lithium mine. ah, this is silver peak, nevada, home to the only major operational lithium mine, indy was owned and operated by album out a specialty chemical company and global lithium producer. silver peak is a so called brine mine, lithium is drawn and extracted from brian that is in the ground water. the ground water is pumped into a network of $22.00 pon, spending 21 square miles hot nevada sun evaporates, the water and other liquids over the course of 18 to 24 months left over lithium or white gold as they call it right now,

we're really focused on doubling our production sh i so you know, we want to get up to you. yeah. between operative of a 1000 metric times an annual production. $8000.00 metric tons per year. soon. sounds like a lot. it is not welcome to effect her pass just about 50 miles from nevada's northern border with oregon. packer pass is supposed to be the future side of a massive lithium, open pit mine and process facility spending at least 8000 acres for 7300. hector's peck, a pass is believed to hold the largest lithium deposit in the united states, and to be one of the largest in the world. not only do we need this project for national security purposes, but we need it for the environment. so we're, we're committed to doing it right now. we're committed to working with all the cur, hardy's lithium americas. the company that wants to mine,

2nd pass has invested millions in the project. it has the backing of the federal bureau of land management or b l. m. and is in possession of all necessary state permits to begin mining for lithium. here we're moving forward with preparing for instruction repair for us to on on board. our work force is gonna take about a 1000 people to build this project is a big, big budget becca. pass or p, he ma ha, in the language of a digit is by you is not only the traditional homeland, but it's also sacred ground for the indigenous nations of the war. she show the paiute and the shoshone that creates a bit of a problem for lithium america's end for the bureau of land management. one of the tribes proposing that my project is the reno sparks. indian culture mission ebony

is head of the tribes cultural research program. she guides us through a tribal historic preservation exhibit that habitat is going to be destroyed for electric vehicles, evans tribe, and at least one other are part of a lawsuit against the b l. m. that aims at stopping the project a pick a pass completely. that the people know that mining doesn't also just bring jobs, but it also brings annihilation to home lance, and we'll, we'll annihilate our indigenous peoples way of life. lithium mine and 2nd pass will have a direct impact on the fort mcdermott, shoshone by you, tribe. that is just 35 miles away. the tribe just signed a so called benefits agreement with lithium, americus, or company will build several community buildings and pay for educational and job training measures. exchange. they do not and will not resist the project, despite having significant reservations and problems with it. made him so i'm

always min, considered stewards of, of, you know, a mother earth. you know that this is, this is borrowed, you know, we're borrowing it for the time that we are here. and so there's a spiritual connection to the land. we may not see it today or tomorrow, 510 years down the line. what effects going to me? i don't want to push my elders and their beliefs and then the traditional part of it that i don't want to ignore my younger generation. that says ok, we want to improve the, the, my lifestyle. we want to be able to take advantage of some of the benefits that are being offered there also none indigenous people who have concerns about lithium mining as tech a past due ranger at bartel. he's also a party in the last. we have enormous concerns about the water table. there's pretty extensive vegetation here, navy vegetation that grows up chess time. so if the water drops, this will turn into barren desert. here this him,

america says their mind will draw even less smarter than what is currently allocated for farming and ranching to pass. the company also claims to refine the lithium mining extraction process using the latest available technology to guarantee minimal environmental impact. but from next wilbert, a member of deep green resistance, environmental group, and some brand as radical. the idea of mining affect pass is fundamentally wrong, no matter what the company is telling us that this is going to solve global warming, blowing up the mountain isn't green. and blowing up a sacred site isn't right. there's nothing more to in the 2nd pass or is where different world views collide. a court decision about the pending lawsuit against the mining project is

expected to be issued. now one of the debates about lithium mining rages on in nevada elsewhere the search for clean energy sources continues. one place you may not have thought of looking is in your organic. been boss is biofuel, as environmentally friendly as it sounds. the coal wrist has been investigating banana peels. not shells, and other left over foods can actually powered the device. you're watching the sun . it's called bio mass, energy, and leftovers aren't the only source would plants even manure can be used to generate electricity or heat. were surrounded by bio mass, which creates numerous opportunities. and unlike coal, this source of power can be re grown companies and governments around the world are

ramping up investments. but at the moment, only around 4 percent of agricultural space is used for bio mass energy crops. how much potential does bio mass energy offer? let's start with how our trash becomes treasure. organic material 1st has to be converted into energy left over food, crop waste or mature. it's collected from restaurants or homes and then put into a processing plant to sort out other materials like plastic. the next step, the bio reactor. it's where it bacteria eat up the waste in a so called di jester, which is sealed off from oxygen. this process is called anaerobic digestion. the organic waste is fermented over several weeks at a temperature of about $55.00 degrees celsius. bio gas is produced,

containing large quantities of methane, a powerful source for generating electricity and heat. once it's been fed into the gas grid. and it can also be used to power natural gas vehicles. the left over bio mass can then be used as composed for farming, for example, making the whole process circular, bio gas plants like this, exist all over the world. about 20000 in europe alone. estimate say bio methane, could cover up to 40 percent of the use gas demand by the middle of the century. the u. s. has just $2200.00 and thailand, malaysia, and indonesia combined only have about the same bio gas plants produce only a quarter of the c o. 2 emissions that coal plants emit bio mass energy has one

mortgage advantage over solar and wind in that it's on to me. so you don't care if the winds blowing, sun shining, all sounds good so far, but there is a catch. biomed thing can leak from these facilities and then has a bigger effect on global warming than c o. 2 bio gas facilities are also only sustainable as long as waste is used rather than specially grown crops. what else can we use biomass for fuel. ready to run cars, trucks or even planes, an innovative flight last year, save 20 metric tons of c o 2 emissions jet fuel was mixed with used cooking oil for the route from paris to montreal. another biofuel, his bio ethanol plant, such as corn or sugar cane are fermented and distilled bio ethanol,

can replace 10 to 20 percent of the gasoline use to power a vehicle. then there is biodiesel. it's made by combining animal fats or vegetable oils like rape seat or soy with alcohol. as with ethanol, the bio diesel is then added to normal diesel fuel biofuels are used at gas stations worldwide. but according to the international energy agency, they only account for 3 percent of transport, fuel demand. the problem with biofuels is that crops have to be specially grown and that steel space from food crops, or even deplete forests and biodiversity. ready like with palm oil trees and indonesia, sugar cane in brazil, and rapes seed and germany. a study in germany found that using biofuels can help save 9200000 tons of the countries annual c o 2 emissions. but 16400000 tons could

be stored if natural vegetation were allowed to return on crop fields. instead. the simplest means of generating bio mass. energy is our most ancient way. burning it like would leaves or waste ah, governments around the world are even using it as part of their carbon neutral strategies. and by bio mass, we mean good old trees. ah, as what talents? over the past decade, the demand for them as an energy source has steadily risen. the us is the biggest exporter with a market share of 62 percent. they're usually made from wood residues like sawdust or wood chips, usually because think tanks and and g o s have gathered evidence that shows that natural forests and habitats and eastern europe and north america are being

destroyed to state the growing appetite form when pellets through illegal logging policy makers in the u. s. e u and u. k. have classified woody bio mass as renewable, allowing governments to subsidize the production and burning of wood pellets. many countries don't have to report emissions from wood fired power plants because trees are seen as a renewable resource. producers are just required to reforest areas so that the c o 2 released while burning pellets is reabsorbed no in the united states. so depending on what state you're in, you plan to do for trees, for every one you've cut down the plant to to, for new but they're just a little tiny pine trees. researchers like kelly suggest that the immediate impact

of substituting would for coal is an increase in atmospheric c o. 2. a study found that depending on the type of forest it could take up to 10 years until newly planted trees absorb the same amount of carbon socked up by the ones that were cut down older trees and storm more carbon. so there are certain porous that are even more critical to combat climate change than others. unfortunately, these are some of the forests being loud down for bio mass energy. one study suggests that replanted forest with fast growing tree species absorb less c o 2, the natural forests, carbon neutrality cannot be achieved by burning wood and big power plants like this one and the u. k. ah, and trees are spending money. they should be spending on true renewables like wind and solar, on this energy source. ah,

that's not going to get us where we need to be asked the planet. most forms of bio mass. look at 1st glance to be better than they are burning wood to replace coal is not a solution because even if the wood comes from sustainable forestry or is would waste, it still produces emissions. what waste can however, be digested by bacteria at a bio gas facility and organic products like that. banana peel power in your phone can help manage waste cycles. that does make sense, but today, bio mass energy covers only a small part of our world wide demand. it can work in combination with other renewables, but it's not scalable to be our main energy source. not even in the future. imagine exploring a ship rack or viewing an apartment all without leaving the comfort of your home. well, according to some tac enthusiasts,

all it takes is the right pair of glasses. the global market for augmented and virtual reality is on a major path towards growth. in 2021, it was worth just under 26000000000 euros. a number that's expected to rise almost 10 fold in the next 5 years. tech giant like mass on microsoft, an alphabet are all in on the game. but smaller start ups like gig full in southern germany are also hoping to revolutionize the way we see the real world meets the virtual world, the promise of augmented reality over the logical evolution of the internet. it's a huge future market and the battle groaned for digital giant. one german start up, stanz confidently amid the fray. we're going to be big o karlsruhe in southern germany, a young start up with lots of money and 3 founders with big plans. it's home to,

to so called hollow decks. they connect to colleagues in a virtual room is quit at the green part. that shines has infrared trackers up there and can recognize the glasses in the room. and when i move the software correct the picture, it creates the illusion that the other person is right there with me in this same room. it works because the glasses send a signal to the eye that mirrors what's on the screen above. i think we have to try filming through the glasses than with the blue microphone. okay. but it's not easy . and the 3 d effect gets lost in the virtual meeting. but the people feel like they're sitting across from each other. disease when i'm turning my head towards him to talk to him without me having to say, hey boss, i'm talking to you now. it was naturally by paying attention and reading body language. this is the system we 1st developed in the garage off to try out

different applications. that's why we could build it so cheaply. good. but, but now we have the funding and we can shrink everything in climate. shrink cameras, batteries, and sensors that locate someone in the room. in short, everything you might find in a smartphone and more packed into a pair of lightweight glasses that fit everyone. but how does come from a lot of things are involved displayed. there's the display there, and we have the whole human factor, the waiting various measurement as the brightness is a big issue, because we're looking through the glass and providing ambient light came from kings . i think augmented reality is one of the most complicated things you can build right now and can, i haven't put a rock in space yet, but i bet it's easier houses. i thought we will make glasses that everyone will want. the big digital players are investing billions in the battle for the markets . the future. i need a pleasant from the young players have been at it for

a long time like microsoft and magic leap. who's made augmented reality glasses for business applications of ever. all the big hope is apple augmented reality glasses . so far they've always been something for next year with a name. there are other companies like and real to that have already brought the 1st consumer ready glasses on to the market of market, or can a, our glasses replace smartphones in the long run and how with the change your perspective we're happy to move. you can see more constantly, same time, which is both a blessing and a curse. just like with today's smartphones, i'm shown everything i want to say and some things that don't interest me of us. and that's going to be an even bigger issue with these classes. they're not too worried about the international competition and carl's route, which is only offered a limited field of vision. i'm in the coils down to a technical problem both then and now they thought they had the problem solved a few times. they threw a lot of money at it, then they realized afterwards that they still couldn't get the fields vision for

the form factors that need so that you don't look stupid wearing it, and you get this immersive feeling. we're doing something completely new. what we're doing, i'm not going to say, oh will the technology work? the german ministry of education and research thinks it will build their allocating 26000000 euros to support what they call an innovative leap. know it's time for a functioning prototype. this tool can help, doesn't come out, i don't own gods. the camera don't to record data and compute an avatar for us. it generates an image of the user as they really are for the other people they're communicating with going on for the animal and we're working on getting everything into these little glasses. i mean that's what all of the setup is for here, alpha to make it all disappear afterwards with naho opposition. the i t specialists and engineers who worked full time for geeks or are old men for the

founders. hope that will change soon. their glasses will be launched in 2 to 3 years, and they're expected to conquer, nothing less than the world. and i a are, is expensive. you either do it big or you shouldn't do it at all. small a are doesn't work. so yes, we're going to be a big player. good. now if you've ever dreamed of starting your own business, you'll certainly be interested in our next story from indonesia. right after graduating from university em up, sorry, began selling shoes online. business was going well for a while until a tough transition in her personal life caused her fortune to change. but that didn't stop him up from getting right back on her feet. ah, when i feel i feel like them to step up and say the truth.

ah, after i graduated from university, i came straight to my family business. they have a conventional traditional store, which is, you know, they sell everything including shoes. i was just want to do something on my own. make myself independent. do something that i really like when i was in university i so a huge market already there, like everyone is sort of selling online. so i thought, why not? i start something online and just, you know, sell something that i can. so my name is omar. i am the founder of a shoe local brand name, a missouri, and from indonesia. and i'm also writing a book called in my own shoes straight after i get married and started business. about a year later, i have

a baby. her name is hammons out by the way. after 7 years, i had a divorce, which came and play huge part of my life because at the moment it was really in the dark and you know what happened to entrepreneurs when they have personal struggle, everything crumbles. and that's why i'm in 2019, we decided that we have to close amazon. i cancelled bankruptcy awe from that moment. and i realized that it is crucial for entrepreneurs to be able to read numbers of their own business so that they can make analyses according to facts and data. ah, ah, many of on the interaction that happened in my life had been through social media. i had nothing to lose our address, the business, so i thought,

why not just post it? as it is, surprisingly, i found so many of other entrepreneurs who are not able to even read their own final financial statement, let alone having financials didn't after. um, you know, experiencing failures. i felt strongly that having the courage to leave it as yourself, as i call it, in your own shoes, is very important because that is the only way that you can be the best question of yourself. not. you know what other people expect you to be or to do, and that is the only way that you can give meaningful impact for other people. so i think it's all started from yourself and courage to in your own use. inspiring stuff. and that brings us to the end of this edition of made. thank you so much for watching. remember, you can always re watch the reports from today's show online at t

w dot com. you can also find more business stories on the deed of the news media channel until next time for me on the team. it's if i take it with, [000:00:00;00]

with awe, with terror in the home, in the fight against terrorism, the sub sahara is becoming a security flash point. what our local army is hoping to achieve. how

is more atanya leading the way? and how should we evaluate? frances, withdraw? a film about the growing g hottest threat. in 15 minutes on d. w. in a globalized world, where everything is connected, only takes is a score to set things in motion. local hero show how their ideas can change the world with global 3090 minutes on d w. oh, hello guys. this is the 77 percent. the platform for

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