this time that the exiled turkish journalist meets svetlana itsyana, sky, exiled leader of the opposition in bella bruce, of course i am tired, untied, physically untied morally, is too much on my shoulders, but i have to hold this weight because i'm responsible for the future. follow contra for the people who are behind the boss. guardians of truth starts february 18th on d. w. ah . ah, ah, ah. the fight against climate change is a complicated one. everyone agrees we need to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.

but figuring out how to do so often provokes heated, debase. take electric cars, they're a key part of a greener future. but their batteries require lithium to be minds itself a controversial practice. more on that in a moment, but 1st a look at what else we have coming up. the power and pitfalls of using biofuel as an energy source. a whole new perspective why investors are battling big on augmented reality islands. high one indonesian entrepreneur used to failure to power or come back. i am kate ferguson. welcome to maids. the transport industry causes almost a 5th of the world's c o. 2 emissions 2nd only to the energy sector. no wonder then that interest in electric mobility is growing so fast. but here's the catch electric car batteries run on a lithium and right now, the world doesn't enough of it to meet ever increasing demand. that scarcity has

led to a dramatic rise in lithium prices. as well as a growing interest in new mining projects. no next report will take you to the us state of nevada, where indigenous people are fighting back against plans to transform their homeland into a lithium mine. ah. this is silver peak, nevada, home to the only major operational lithium mine, indy was owned and operated by album out a specialty chemical company and global lithium producer. silver peak is a so called brine mine, lithium is drawn and extracted from brian that is in the ground water. the ground water is pumped into a network of $22.00 pon, spending 21 square miles hot nevada sun evaporates, the water and other liquids over the course of 18 to 24 months left over lithium or white gold as they call it right now,

we're really focused on doubling our production. sh i so you know, when i get up to you. yeah. between operative of a 1000 metric times an annual production. $8000.00 metric tons per year. soon. sounds like a lot. it is not. ah, welcome to seca pest. just about 50 miles from nevada's northern border with oregon, packer pass is supposed to be the future side of a massive lithium open pit mine and process facility spending at least 8000 acres for 7300. hector's peck, a pass is believed to hold the largest lithium deposit in the united states, and to be one of the largest in the world. not only do we need this project for national security purposes, but we need it for the environment. so we're, we're committed to doing it right now. we're committed to working with all the

girls are parties, lithium america's, the company that wants to mine. second pass is invested millions in the project. it has the backing of the federal bureau of land management or b l m, and is in possession of all necessary state permits. to begin mining for lithium, here we're moving forward with preparing for instruction repair for us to on on board our work force. it is gonna take about a 1000 people to build this project is a big, big project. take a pass or a p. he ma ha, in the language of indigenous by you is not only the traditional homeland, but it's also sacred ground for the indigenous nations of the war. she show the paiute and the shoshone that creates a bit of a problem for lithium americas and for the bureau of land management. one of the trunks proposing that my project is the reno sparks, indian color. me sean eben is head of the tribes cultural research program. she

guides us through a tribal historic preservation exam with that habitat is going to be destroyed for electric vehicles, evans tribe, and at least one other are part of a lawsuit against the b l. m. that aims at stopping the project a pick a pass completely. let the people know that mining doesn't also just bring jobs, but it also brings annihilation to homelands and will, will annihilate indigenous peoples way of life. let your mind at tech a pass will have a direct impact on the fort mcdermott, shoshone, per you tribe, that is just 35 miles away. the tribe just signed a so called benefits agreement with lithium americas. the company will build several community buildings and pay for educational and job training measures. change. they do not and will not resist the project, despite having significant reservations and problems with natives. i've always been

considered sewers of, you know, a mother earth. you know that this is, this is borrowed, you know, we're borrowing it for the time that we're here. and so there's a special connection to the land. we may not see it today or tomorrow, 510 years on the line. you know, what's going to me? i don't want to push my elders and their beliefs and then the traditional part of it that i don't want to ignore my younger generation. that says ok, we want to improve the, the, my lifestyle. we want to be able to take advantage of some of the benefits that are being offered there also none indigenous people who have concerns about lithium mining as tech a past due ranger at bartel. he's also a party in the last. we have enormous concerns about the water table. there's pretty extensive vegetation here, navy vegetation that grows up chess time. so if the water drops, this will turn into barren desert. here, this him,

america says there mine will draw even less smarter than what is currently allocated for farming and branching at the pass. the company also claims to refine the lithium mining extraction process using the latest available technology to guarantee minimal environmental impact. but from next wilbert, a member of deep green resistance and environmental group and some brand as radical . the idea of mining affect pass is fundamentally wrong, no matter what the company is telling us that this is going to solve global warming, blowing up the mountain isn't green. and blowing up a sacred site isn't right. there's nothing more to choose. take a pass or p him is where different world views collide. a court decision about the pending lawsuit against the mining project is expected to be issued.

ah, one of the debates about lithium mining rages on in nevada elsewhere the search for clean energy sources continues. one place you may not have thought of looking is in your organic been boss is biofuel, as environmentally friendly as it sounds. nicole wrist has been investigating banana peels. not shells, and other leftover foods can actually powered the device. you're watching the sun. it's called bio mass, energy and leftovers aren't the only source would plants even manure can be used to generate electricity or heat. were surrounded by bio mass, which creates numerous opportunities. and unlike coal, this source of power can be re grown companies and governments around the world are

ramping up investments. but at the moment, only around 4 percent of agricultural space is used for bio mass energy crops. how much potential does bio mass energy offer? let's start with how our trash becomes treasure. organic material 1st has to be converted into energy left over food, crop waste or mature. it's collected from restaurants or homes and then put into a processing plant to sort out other materials like plastic. the next step, the bio reactor. it's where bacteria eat up the waste in a so called di jester, which is sealed off from oxygen. this process is called anaerobic digestion. the organic waste is fermented over several weeks at

a temperature of about $55.00 degrees celsius. bio gas is produced, containing large quantities of methane, a powerful source for generating electricity and heat. once it's been fed into the gas grid. and it can also be used to power natural gas vehicles. the left over bio mass can then be used as compost for farming. for example, making the whole process circular, bio gas plants like this exist all over the world. about 20000 in europe alone. estimate say bio methane, could cover up to 40 percent of the use gas demand by the middle of the century. the u. s. has just $2200.00 and thailand, malaysia, and indonesia combined only have about the same bio gas plants produce only a quarter of the c o. 2 emissions that coal plants emit bio mass energy has one

mortgage advantage over solar and wind in that it's on demand. so you don't care if the winds blowing, sun shining, all sounds good so far, but there is a catch bio method can leak from these facilities and then has a bigger effect on global warming than c o. 2 bio gas facilities are also only sustainable as long as waste is used rather than specially grown crops. what else can we use bio mass for fuel. ready to run cars, trucks or even planes, an innovative flight last year saved 20 metric tons of c o 2 emissions jet fuel was mixed with used cooking oil for the route from paris to montreal. another biofuel is bio ethanol plant, such as corn or sugar cane are fermented and distilled bio ethanol can replace 10

to 20 percent of the gasoline use to power a vehicle. then there is bio diesel. it's made by combining animal fat or vegetable oils like rape seed, or soy with alcohol. as with ethanol, the biodiesel is then added to normal diesel fuel biofuels are used at gas stations worldwide. but according to the international energy agency, they only account for 3 per cent of transport fuel demand. the problem with biofuels is that crops have to be specially grown, and that steel space from food crops, or even depletes forests and biodiversity. like with palm oil trees and indonesia, sugar cane in brazil and rapes seed in germany. a study in germany found that using biofuels can help save 9200000 tons of the countries. annual c o 2 emissions

. but 16400000 tons could be stored if natural vegetation were allowed to return on crop fields. instead. the simplest means of generating bio mass. energy is our most ancient way. burning it like would leaves or waste ah, governments around the world are even using it as part of their carbon neutral strategies. and my bio mass, we mean good old trees ah, as what talents? over the past decade, the demand for them as an energy source has steadily risen. the us is the biggest exporter with a market share of 62 percent. they're usually made from wood residues like sawdust or wood chips, usually because think tanks and and g o s have gathered evidence that shows that natural forests and habitats in eastern europe and north america are being

destroyed. to state the growing appetite form when pellets through illegal logging . policy makers in the u. s. u and u. k. have classified woody bio mass as renewable, allowing governments to subsidize the production and burning of wood pellets. many countries don't have to report emissions from wood fired power plants because trees are seen as a renewable resource. producers are just required to reforest areas so that the c o 2 released while burning pellets is reabsorbed no in the united states. so depending on what state you're in, you plan to, to, for trees, for every one you cut down the plant to, to, for new. but this is a little tiny pine tree. researchers like kelly suggest that the immediate impact

of substituting wood for coal is an increase in atmospheric c o. 2. a study found that depending on the type of forest it could take up to 10 years until newly planted trees absorb the same amount of carbon socked up by the ones that were cut down. old are trees store more carbon. so there are certain for us that are even more critical to combat climate change than others. unfortunately, these are some of the forests being loud down for bio mass energy. one study suggest that replanted forest with fast growing tree species absorb less c o 2 the natural forests. carbon neutrality cannot be achieved by burning wood and big power plants like this one and the u. k. ah, entries are spending money, they should be spending on true renewables like wind and solar on this energy source. ah,

that's not going to get us where we need to be assa planet. most forms of bio mass . look at 1st glance to be better than they are burning wood to replace coal is not a solution because even if the wood comes from sustainable forestry or is would waste, it still produces emissions. what waste can however, be digested by bacteria at a bio gas facility and organic products like that. banana peel power in your phone can help manage waste cycles. that does make sense. but today, bio mass energy covers only a small part of our world wide demand. it can work in combination with other renewables, but it's not scalable to be our main energy source. not even in the future. imagine exploring a ship rack or viewing an apartment or without leaving the comfort of your home. well, according to some tech enthusiast,

all it takes is the right pair of glasses. the global market for augmented and virtual reality is on a major path towards growth. in 2021, it was worth just under 26000000000 euros. a number that's expected to rise almost 10 fold in the next 5 years. text ions like massa, microsoft and alphabet are all in on the game. but smaller stars, ups like gig full in southern germany, are also hoping to revolutionize the way we see the real world meets the virtual world. the promise of augmented reality, logically volition of the internet. it's a huge future market and a battle grown for digital giant, one german startups dance confidently amid the fray. we're going to be big o calls rule in southern germany. a young start up with lots of

money and 3 founders with big plans kits home to to so cold, hollow decks, they connect to colleagues in a virtual room is clear that the green part that shines has infrared trackers up there and can recognize the glasses in the room and, and when i move the software correct the picture, it creates the illusion that the other person is right there with me in this same room. it works because the glasses send a signal to the eye that mirrors what's on the screen above. i think we have to try filming through the glasses vendor through blue microphone. okay. but it's not easy . and the 3 d effect gets lost in the virtual meeting. but the people feel like they're sitting across from each other. disease when i'm turning my head towards him to talk to him without me having to say, hey boss, i'm talking to you now. it was naturally by paying attention and reading body language. this is,

this is the system we 1st developed in the garage of to try out different applications. that's why we could build it so cheaply but, but now we have the funding and we can shrink everything and glamour, shrink cameras, batteries, and sensors that locate someone in the room. in short, everything you might find in a smartphone and more packed into a pair of lightweight glasses that fit everyone. but how does come from a lot of things are involved displayed. there's the display there, and we have the whole human factor, the weight various measurements. the brightness is a big issue because we're looking through the glass and providing ambient light came from kings. i think augmented reality is one of the most complicated things you can build right now and can, i haven't put a rock in space yet, but i bet it's easier houses. i thought we will make glasses that everyone will want. the big digital players are investing billions in the battle for the markets . the future. i need pleasant funding on players have been at it for

a long time like microsoft and magic leap is made augmented reality glasses for business applications of ever. all the big hope is apple augmented reality glasses . so far they've always been something for next year with a name. there are other companies like and real to that have already brought the 1st consumer ready glasses on to the market of market. uh, can a, our glasses replace smartphones in the long run and how with the change your perspective mob to move, you can see more constantly, same time, which is both a blessing and a curse. just like with the day smartphones, i'm shown everything i want to say that are some things that don't interest me of us. and that is going to be an even bigger issue with these glasses. and they're not too worried about the international competition and carl's roof, which has only offered a limited field of vision. i'm in the coils down to a technical problem both then and now they thought they had the problem solved a few times. they threw a lot of money added and they realized afterwards that they still couldn't get the

fields of vision on the form factors that you need, so that you don't look stupid wearing it, and you get this immersive feeling. we're doing something completely new. what we're doing, i'm not going to say, oh will the technology work? the german ministry of education and research thinks it weld their allocating 26000000 euros to support what they call an innovative leap. know it's time for a functioning prototype. this tool can help because in come, i don't own gods camera, don't to record data and compute an avatar for us. it generates an image of the user as they really are for the other people they're communicating with. so going on he on, for the animal and we're working on getting everything into these little glasses. i michel, that's what all of the setup is for here. i feel to make it all disappear afterwards with naho opposition. the i t specialists and engineers who worked full time

for geeks or are old men for the founders hope that will change soon. their glasses will be launched in 2 to 3 years, and they're expected to conquer, nothing less than the world. and i a are, is expensive, you either do it big or you shouldn't do it at all. small a are doesn't work. so yes, we're going to be a big player. good. now if you've ever dreamed of starting your own business, you'll certainly be interested in our next story from indonesia, right after graduating from university em up, sorry, began selling shoes online. business was going well for a while until a tough transition in her personal life caused her fortune to change. but that didn't se matt from getting right back on her face. ah, when i feel it, i feel like them to step up and say the truth.

ah, after i graduated from university, i came straight to my family business. they have a conventional traditional store, which is, you know, they sell everything including shoes. i was just want to do something on my own. make myself independent. do something that i really like when i was in university i so a huge market already there, like everyone is sort of selling online. so i thought, why not? i start something online and just, you know, sell something that i can. so my name is omar. i am the founder of sherlock, our brand name, a missouri, and from indonesia. and i'm also writing a book called in my own shoes straight after i get married and started business. about a year later i have

a baby. her name is hammons out. by the way, after 7 years, i had a divorce, which came and play huge part of my life because at the moment it was really in the dark and you know what happened to entrepreneurs when they have personal struggle, everything crumbled. and that's why i'm in 2019, we decided that we have to close amazon. i traveled bankruptcy. ah, from that moment and i realize that it is crucial for entrepreneurs to be able to read numbers of their own business so that they can make analyses according to facts and data ah, ah, many of on the interaction that happened in my life had been through social media, i had nothing to lose our address, the business, so i thought,

why not just post it as it is, surprisingly, i found so many of other entrepreneurs who are not able to even read their own final financial statement, let alone having financials didn't after um, you know, experiencing failures. i felt strongly that having the courage to leave it as yourself, as i call it, in your own shoes, is very important because that is the only way that you can be the best question of yourself. not. you know what other people expect you to be or to do, and that is the only way that you can give meaningful impact for other people sending it all started from yourself and courage to in your own shoes. and firing stuff. and that brings us to the end of this edition of made. thank you so much for watching. remember, you can always re watch the reports from today's show online at t

w dot com. you can also find more business stories on the deed of the news media channel until next time for me on the team. if i take ah ah ah, with

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