2023 in bonn, germany and increasingly fragmented world with a growing number of voices, digitally amplified. we see where this clutter can lead what we really need, overcoming divisions and a vision for tomorrow's journalism. save the date and join us for this discussion. at the 16th edition of d w's global media forum. ah, ah, welcome to global 3000 seductive sweetness. soft drinks are a big factor in mexico's obesity problem, while manufacturing rake in the cash. the question of ownership companies exploit

the knowledge of indigenous peoples for profit. and mounting concerns, people in iran face new struggles on a daily basis since september 2022 iranians have been protesting against their countries, islamist regime around 500 people have been killed and tens of thousands are in prison in during torture and the fear of a death sentence, more than 80 percent of the population reject the islamic republic. according to a survey of around 200000 citizens in december 2022. roha is a very active child says for reba bud resides. she used to be an english teacher, but giving lessons on line proved impossible during the pandemic ra gave her no peace for reba was forced to change careers. now she sells jewelry and household goods and our instagram shop when she does it all her health lighting,

taking photos, putting the items online, then she waits for customers, but these days business is slow. i seen them and they not, they're not there necessary for people. and they don't buy them. and they bought deb madeline mutation of the internet and stopped me. and i did. i am and got their prayers then that i got sad am and i can't work for reba and her husband had dreamed of a good life. he spends all week travelling around the country to reba has to manage on her own earning just 60 euros a month with both salaries. they come to round $250.00. that's not enough to make ends meet with no. my salary's online business and may be a one day or 2 days may be one week. i don't so saw anything.

she doesn't dare take to the streets against the government. when i'm in our interview however, she deliberately doesn't wear a head scarf yet. she belongs to the silent majority who clench their fists in their pockets and otherwise fight for their daily bread. just like raise us a lay he. he delivers eggs to grocery stores and supermarkets. he thought the job was crisis proof. but since he started 7 months ago, the price of eggs has almost doubled as i was at the bahama, if a government has eliminated feed subsidies. now the farmers have to buy chicken feed abroad and because the dollar exchange rate has risen so much, producers are having problems. so my expenses have risen to bad management was abscess as initially farmers middleman like razor and shopkeepers, like ali, all have less income. and the wave of protests that is swept the country complicates the situation even further. as i've, i guess when strikes were cold,

people stayed at home in protest had nobody shopped. i no longer know how to pay my rent, electricity, water milligram. yeah, the well known business journalist i, he'd layla's says they're all victims of a fatal development in iran, one despite sanctions, the rainy in economy has grown, evolve in may, the rich even richer and the poor, poor of continuing boundaries. we have a lot of put there, but poor people, the poverty line it in might, it seems that includes 25 to 30000000 people at the moment. ah, the unrest is an additional burden on the iranian economy. banks and companies close to the regime are being boycotted in protest. many of these are owned by the revolutionary guards they have earned well in recent years, if the regime is now fighting the protests with all its might, it's defending the islamic republic,

but mainly its own financial interests. he says, looking not, not only for option, you can imagine between 20 to 25000000000 list dollar as export book fair capital 2, mainly canada or are other european and best and countries. while the powerful send their money around the world, small businesses struggle to survive. mike, the metal company knob here they euphemistically refer to corruption and mismanagement as economic problems. that will let me show you our problems a huge and have their roots in our domestic economy. if the economy improved, all industries would benefit and every one would get a piece of the pie, the saw, the hm im yes, we're on our way to visit the non factory and shallow a 4 hour drive from tehran for the 1st time since the protests began. in september, the authorities have allowed us to leave the capital. protests took place and shall

lose 2. but hasn't hereon, the authorities want to show us they have the situation under control again. at the plant were told that of course no one protested here. managing director, montessori mohammed, he guides us through his empire spare parts for the german made machines are no longer available due to sanctions, suppliers from friendly countries such as russia or china have stepped in. so the sanctions hardly affect his business, unlike most of its customers. in more than behalf that we have customers in india to but they came and said, we can't transfer money to you any more with an incident with the vaughan. instead we can give you black fabric for your shadows, or rice. religion. necessity is the mother of invention, not responded to the sanctions by finding new markets in asia in the middle east and grew to spite all the problems. but the wave of protests is an expression of dissatisfaction and he ran months or more comedy longs for normality. them all fit

for the mother. we want our nation into a government to stand together. mistakes need to be corrected. and the issues between us need to be resolved to take the pressure off us to follow you. rule. love a lie but online traitor for reba. but reside doesn't want to wait for such a miracle. price is arising, but her income is not. she sees no future for herself and her family any ran. i decided to immigrate. emigrate to al there contrib and both. i don't know where i'm at because of the immigration. a situation is so hard for reba bud reads. odd wants to leave the country for her daughter's sake and attached around her. she sees dissatisfaction and anger growing with each passing day. ah count this products contain ingredients from nature. ready but who do they really belong to?

many companies have researched and used natural products for decades. some have even been patented to own in the name of profit. ready but what about the indigenous peoples on whose knowledge these profits when i don't they does have a fashion to. ready bio prospecting is defined in the united nations document as the exploration of plant and animal species to the utilization of their genetic resources. it basically describes companies and institutions looking for new natural substances to use the net products. then in recent decades, it's, it's pharmaceutical companies. it's buying for companies regard recalled through companies can we're chemical companies as well. are claiming intellectual property rights relating to lourdes. the research and development that they've been doing,

and they're doing that through payton's. the idea is that new inventions cost companies, time and money and research to help them make that back. payton. let's give them exclusive rights over that innovation for a set period of time. the bought in that the should have a bad system or did i the industries od appreciate it for their dessert, but it becomes more problematic when traditional knowledge of communities is involved. take the name tree known as the tree of life. in india, it has vast medicinal and healing properties, and it can also be used to make organic pesticides and fungus sites. in 1995 us multinational w r. grace was granted a european patent for name oil used as part of it, so gannet fungicide, mnemic a brand worth over $60000000.00 per year, according to a 2008 report indigenous communities in india had already been using name oil as

a fungicide for centuries. but others profited from their knowledge. the appropriation and commercialization of genetic resources like planting strikes and indigenous knowledge for profit. this is whereby a prospecting can turn into bio piracy. companies use patents to protect innovations without fair compensation for communities where the genetic material and knowledge comes from. there should be a balance between the advancement in technology and also what is entre if noted on it should be preserved. it should not be misappropriated. ah, it took 10 years for the european patent on the use of the name compound to be overturned. but this is far from a typical outcome for indigenous communities. they often lack the funds and support to fight patents. and there are other problems too. it can also be harmful to buy a diversity hootie a gordon. i is a plant fountain,

south africa. it's like a cactus. essentially, it doesn't look appetizing, which is pretty fitting because he is a natural appetite suppressant. the son people of the region used the plant to keep them going while hunting, but its properties made it very attractive. the business research south africa's count for for scientific and industrial research, c, f i r, use the plan to extract to formulate the molecule p 57 as a hunger suppressant for treating obesity in the 19 ninety's. the center peyton's at the molecule and licensed it to multinational farmer company pfizer. and then you k based biotech fighter farm no credit was given to the sun people and there was so much interest and hi about this on the parents and the researchers in newspapers. it's reported globally on that it was decimated by opportunity,

so people came out and sort of decided they were going to make money off off on the removal of this plan. the sale of this plan who dea has had to be protected in south africa, namibia, illegal harvesting is one of the main threats against the plant. it took until the early 2, thousands for the fan people to become aware of the cfo patent. with help from n g o's, the community successfully campaigned for the role of their traditional knowledge to be acknowledged under a benefit sharing agreement, they were to receive milestone of royalty payments. it's not clear how many cases of bio piracy there have been. the united nations has tried to instigate a solution under its convention on biological diversity. the aim of the nagoya protocol is to share benefits from bio prospecting with indigenous communities.

there is a growing recognition in general that the whole issue of nature and by diversity is important. and it's important because consumers are more, more interested in a more aware and asking questions. that's rick coach le ganga executive director of the union on ethical bio trade. it's a membership based organization that helps companies comply with the protocol and awards them with a certification on that product. if they do, all these regulations are still, you are filled up, elephant sometimes when clear. still on land, there is a framework one that extends around 200 nautical miles from a nation's border into the ocean. beyond the new frontier for exploration and potential exploitation, the high seas offer an abundance of possibilities. marine organisms

can live in extreme pressure temperatures, darkness, animals like sponges, produce chemicals that have the potential to treat cancer. the global market projected for marine biotechnology by 2025 is $6400000000.00 with the potential for use in pharmaceuticals, chemical and biofuel industries. nations a currently trying to figure out how to share the ocean's resources, equitably. countries in the global south don't want to be left behind bio discovery by a prospecting. however you want to call it to make scientific and technological advancements. well, it's clear that we need it. it has very, very significantly contributed to kind of human human well being. and if you look at all kinds of medicines, they're based on natural remedies. they're based on by or prospecting. so by prospecting is perfect is important, will remain very important in the future. but it has to be done in

a way that is fair to the biodiversity rich nations, where the solutions of found. one way is by creating guidelines on what can be patented and how companies and research institutions should work with indigenous and local researchers. developers and marketing. working together gives both local communities and companies the like the opportunity to profit. it also ensures the protection of the species providing us with the means to make advancements in technology, health, food security, and beyond access to clean drinking water is a human right. yet around 2000000000 people around the world don't have it. this most important resource has long been big business, something food producers are well aware of. in 2023 in the industry expects to generate $334000000.00 of revenue. international food companies like

nestle and on and coca cola falling up water rights for low prices in order to manufacture their bottled water. but climate change, droughts and over use mean ground water supplies on dwindling in some countries, sugary soft drink and now cheaper than clean drinking water. ah, a serenade in honor of their friend who died much too young from diabetes, the mariachi play at funerals for diabetics. all too often. tea various various there. so very many, especially during coven 19, and a lot of people with diabetes died receive in the chance of my relatives have a disease, friends, and other musicians. and what is the formula? diabetes is the 2nd leading cause of death in chiapas,

the state is known for its rolling hills quaint villages, indigenous culture, and its coca cola consumption. not everyone has electricity. the tap water is often undrinkable. coca cola, however, is available everywhere. 2 liters of the soft drinker drunk per person every day here. a world record. the number of deaths caused by diabetes doubled between 20112021. doctor marcos ariella checks what's on offer at a school kiosk, then finds only junk food when he says the company's deliberately target children. it must be soonest to use, we know from studies that these products make up almost a 3rd of the total calories consumed by children. but the coca cola is the most widely available, soft drink must, must put it into around, or speaks of coca cola colonization through aggressive marketing. the fizzy drink has even hijacked my and ceremonies. sherman pasquale ideas says that it appeases

the gods. her patient also suffers from diabetes. many healers replaced alcohol with soft drinks because they seemed to be the lesser evil. coca cola now accompanies the prayers of bygone generations to guessing we're the school non sugar is not the cause of her patients, diabetes. she says, oh, yes, bond, this woman has anxiety and dreams, a light on it has made her sick. that's why i do this, cleansing, it's your blankie of breath. oh, junk food is readily available here and has come to replace the traditional diet of maize beans and chilly. and then there's the water problem. coca cola is permitted to tap more than a 1000000 liters of water every day. all approved by the state says, my casa rana fizzy drink is often easier to get than clean drinking water

likes to money thrill. nobody is monitoring how much water is actually being taken out of our work. there's no oversight of them. while you were brought up or will feel good with you, the growing scale of production at this plant puts the supply for the rest of the population at risk. others got more reversal. i'll pop up all of the company refutes this, saying it's not taking water away from anyone. instead it donates water tanks and recycling containers and has reduced the amount of sugar in many of its products. the neighboring state of what hucker is not relying on that teacher. deanna. lopez has declared war on soft drinks. one in 3 children is overweight. she counts the spoons of sugar in a single glass of soda. oh we drink this amount of sugar in a single glass. does it sound like you should drink that?

oh no. the children learn how soft drinks are harmful to health. but in many families, coca cola is a by word for hospitality, a low and will hucker prohibits the sale of junk food to miners. however, its implementation has been stalled in bad to go out. however, if we send any child into a shop they would be able to buy sugary foods because the vendors don't know the authorities are not doing their job with who is enforcing often. no one activists also have to contend with the widespread belief that coca cola has healing properties. here i law, it's almost by we're a country with poor water quality. you can find soft drinks even in places where there is no electricity. people become addicted to sugar in it. o nearby doesn't. i . i think see on literally back in chiapas, doctors face some overwhelming wave of diabetes cases. it's a mammoth task,

educating people and testing their blood sugar because many people don't know that they have the disease. darwin, gomez, feels abandoned by politicians. ok, integrated radio available. now we need to educate children better jacqueline, for total it, they're the future of our country and could help fight this problem, which is considered a global pandemic. local owner by name in j. shannon pasquale ideas ends the spiritual, cleansing with a soft drink, but not coca cola. she says, love oh gus. yes'm. but don't mother a lot of people only drink coca cola. i know. como yeah. but too much sugar isn't good for them. esl is sick or necessarily in my head, but the pineapple soda also contains sugar by the road back to healthy eating is long and kicking. bad habits is the hardest part may be just starting

to show them the un commission on the status of women, says the coven 19. pandemic was a crisis which hit women and girls, especially hot the pandemic, or a spike in domestic and sexual violence against women, as well as arise in teenage pregnancies, street artists in zimbabwe, a using provocative murals to spark debates about women's rights. at the studio in zimbabwe capital herrera graffiti artists are working on concepts to help stimulate debate on social issues made worse by the pandemic. after their focuses on problems affecting women and girls, they 1st visualize their ideas with sketches on paper and on the computer before they set to work on the murals for us in some ery, imagination for future and re imagination of our contemporary life. and also,

i'm going back to ox, additional knowledge systems, you know, and there's been a lot of getting the comp time to realize that. and they, we, we, we took halves, will took conclusions that were used leg like 200 is ago. but under it is a good that have been passed down through that through generation. so that showed us on the importance of traditional knowledge system. the graffiti artists have been painting, murals on the streets of some of her are, is poorest neighborhoods. their imagery incorporates the faces of influential women . the hope is to inspire young women and girls who have been negatively affected by the pandemic. in zimbabwe, the number of teen pregnancies rose sharply during the lockdown. over 4000 girls did not return to school. when they reopened in early 2021.

girls and women's rights advocates say the arts are an effective way to communicate and to spark change. based on the learnings and experiences with head out from causes 19, the needs to be a concerted investment in developing messages that are relevant threat messages that i informed by experience and evidence message is that hi me as the power of the us both the visual and performing arts to propel messages around goals rights out to propel messages that ensure the protection of girls to also are put forward messages. i regarding sexual into productive health rights and information. the pandemic is also shaped. zimbabwe is urban street culture. through the fashion collective fabric party, young people are exploring issues around identity that took a back seat during the pandemic. that in the core with he said down hell,

but enough time to look into the internet and so as going on, so we'll call bless ourselves and there's face it was yes or no by now after that lead out we identify or how do we create an identity for as a law, winston cosa. fabric party is developed into an art movement that brings together graffiti artists and fashion designers to explore new possibilities for collaboration. when people spend 2 years log down, when missed that elemental or community in element with by you can call up on it and work as a collective people used to do that because it did it online. but soon after carving, people realized the importance of all up what i should learn connected with. at the height of the pandemic, the artists raised awareness of coven 19 by painting murals, encouraging people to follow health regulations like wearing masks and social

distancing. they drew on the star power of influencers, who they painted wearing masks, the artists planned to keep working with the concept to spark conversations about what humanity can learn from the pandemic. and that's so from us at global 3000 this time, right to us that global 3000 at d, w dot com and visit us on facebook to see you next week. take care. ah, with

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