[000:00:00;00] ah, ah ah, id like to buy its need actually we really didn't want a dog quote. we just wanted to take a look just a quick look client. so do you as he was the smallest and the youngest and the weakest to them. and the breeder said, yes, this little ones always losing out. and he put her in my arms and he stopped crying

. why? of course, my heart melted on the spot. i'm whip i up can go to your yahoo! when tessie joined the neu my ass, she was only a few weeks old. weeks turned into months and months into years. she grew up with the 2 children and discovered the world, the pets. we share our homes with our, our best friends and family members. each one is uniquely special and we do anything to keep them happy. ah, we don't see this uniqueness in the animals we eat. in the supermarket, we think of the meal they will make, not the individuals they once were. ah, we are champions of suppression. how do we do it so well, imagine that you're eating

a hamburger. and as you're biting into this juicy burger, your dining companion says to you, actually that hamburger is not made from kaos. it's made from golden retrievers. chances are what you just thought of as food you. now think of as a dead animal. what you just felt was delicious. you now feel is disgusting, and chances are, rather than continuing to eat the hamburger you want to throw it away. this is because karna csm has not conditioned you to think of golden retrievers or dogs as edible. own con ism is the term proposed by american psychologist melanie joy to describe our contradictory relationship with animals. we tend to assume that only begins and vegetarians follow a belief system, but the only reason we may learn to eat pegs but not dogs, for example, is because we do follow

a belief system when it comes to eating animals. when eating animals is not a necessity for survival, which is true for many people in the world today. ah, people who cannot make their choices freely who are economically disadvantaged, for example, can't make their choices freely, but many people in the world today can make their choices freely. when eating animals is not a necessity for survival than it's a choice. and choices always stem from beliefs or would be if he was, the truth is actually largely belief. we believe what we read in our textbooks, that doctors know how our bodies work. and that physicists can explain why the moon doesn't full from the sky. ah, but we've also learned such things as voice, don't wear scouts, women can't be astronauts or,

and gut pigs for eating. and so i became very curious as to why people just stop thinking and feeling when it came to this issue of eating animals . and this led me to do my doctoral dissertation on the psychology of eating animals. my, my question wasn't really why people shouldn't eat animals. my question was, why do people eat animals? this is where heavy such lead her. she wanted to understand the logic of the slaughter industry and the thinking of the people who work there. people like it, hot auto doesn't do that, but anyway, that's a great question. do i love animals to me? an animal welfare officer in a slaughter house or the gentleman i like working with animals. so yes, i have an affinity for them on the gosh. no slaughter house is one of germany's 10 largest pig slaughterhouses young. we have hundreds of employees and we slaughter

around $35000.00 animals here weekly until the last hour in the lives of these hugs follow clear. so this script from our blog here about the procedure here is for the animals to be unloaded by a to ramps. you can see them here on the left. and when they arrive at the slaughterhouse, the pigs way around. 120 kilograms in are about 6 months old ones, then you run into. all right, if we have space for 900 animals in on about 0, that number is more than double the hourly slaughter capacity as a summer did it? so the animals actually have an hour to an hour and a half rest period. yeah, i did some numbers on i thought that won't bother with a video that's important for the quality of the meat stress has a negative effect on quality. and of course, we want to deliver the best product on the pace at which the pigs are killed. is sick by the assembly line in the neighboring meat processing plant. debit card,

gilbert ford, we anesthetized the animals with c o 2 and a concentration of 92 per cent. on the other line, i didn't common procedure upon it on the animals are transported in a lift on a pot. northstar with 5 gondolas love on are going to pagan the gondola goes down into the c o 2 atmosphere and is stunned on the oliver the date of the car. part of the sit now that the controversial thing about the c o. 2. stunning as the animals defense reaction. the c o. 2 or carbonic acid irritates the mucus membranes and the pig has difficulty breathing. mom if you have a lot of noise footage taken by animal rights activists at another slow to house, shows how pig suffer an a c. o 2 stunning chant. the rising c o 2 content in the blood produces

a feeling of suffocation on how to move it on on the map on. that's why research is being done on other procedures, but so far, no practical alternative has been bound season. so the pixel continue to be subjected to this procedure, $1700000.00 animals per year in this plan to loan. afterwards they have a maximum of 70 seconds to live their throats of n cut, and they bleed out. the living creatures have turned into caucasus. ah, we learn to believe that a pig is a pig and all pigs are the same. carnis m teaches us to think of farmed

animals as abstractions as lacking any individuality or personality of their own. the avenue, yes, we can. it's okay to eat animals and of course we have to do it responsibly and but then i believe it's acceptable to eat animals because of their high nutritional value model. we think of them as of actions and this makes it easier for us to support violence against them any more. i think that everyone can and should be allowed to eat what they want or it's m f. this is the belief in a hierarchy of moral worth, that certain individuals or groups are more worthy of moral consideration of being treated with respect than others and figure more freely from. of course, it's always difficult when the mediator gets lectured on what they should be doing . both at one doff cart as them is what's called a dominant belief system or ideology. it is so widespread that it's tenants that it's teachings are invisible. they're woven through the very fabric of

society. they're embraced and maintained by all major social institutions from the family to the state. when you're born into a dominant belief system, you internalize it. we learn to look at the world through the lens of carnis. i'm in interviews with meet, produces and meet, eat is the same. passions emerge over and over again. says met any joy. the way that we learn to justify eating animals is by learning to believe that the myths of eating animals are the facts of eating animals. and there's a, a wide mythology surrounding carn ism, but all of these carnis admits fall under what i refer to as the 3 ends of justification. eating animals is

a normal natural and necessary. oh, but isn't that exactly how it is? take natural for a start, aren't we? humans? conover is by nature. let i'm inches of in from a purely biological viewpoints. humans are on divorce. historian, area, everybody is researching the cultural history of meet barber the lunch for the majority of our existence. we were primarily meet back to the beginnings of human kind antibiotics. the city can see it most clearly in our digestive tract, the construction of our intestines, concerns about when like guerrillas and chimpanzees, we're not really good at breaking down plant food with a low energy content, such as leaves and the like plants here. now, along with giving in a key unfair little blade, those on stand was off to frighten intestines. construction is tailored more to breaking down food that's already been pre digested in some way the for football. this could be due to the use of fire for them to spoil. it's even better at

directly breaking down proteins and high fat food egg are bits found and they pulled the north it breaking off to quit. not this 1st deflation. our ancestors probably had a similar diety, chimpanzees consisting mainly of fruit to this and leaves. but more than 2000000 years ago, this urbana spread across africa and our ancestors left the forest. soon after they lost their fur. and the naked apes evolve the astonishing ability to sweat more than any other animal, according to the endurance running hypothesis, sweating and nakedness are the result of our early desire for me. does the humor, if we're africa, imagine you are a large mumble in africa. good to you. it's very hot. it's very dry. to settle. there are very few water holes escaped. sirvina give us austin z. a. nancy, your diet consists of grass and such like name the face. you have to eat constantly in order to consume enough grass for your energy needs. and covenants on

a buy that with the water you need to survive at the savannah transitioning, and you have no time to spare. spencer's goals to select the life of the big mammal tube or heaps of animation, and they overheat very quickly, to harmon gainer. but now these small mammals arrive on the scene peculiar little monkeys, very energy efficient, but they don't to overheat quickly. and what's more, they've come up with the idea that they don't have to depend on certain water halls . but instead they carry their water around with them, and that, and all they have to do is to make sure that you as a large, easily overheated mammo don't get arrest missed. so if they prevent you from drinking from resting or from cooling down or not, he knows it up, took her in a very short time. you die of dehydration that has lots of it. so all are proto human ancestors. needed to do was to be incredibly annoying. in the mid 20th century,

research is began to look closely at the few remaining hunter gatherer societies such as the cong here in the calorie desert in southern africa. although they no longer live in the stone age, just like the people back then they eat what nature has to offer. they'd implant any thing or keep substantial reserves, but trust with each new day that they will find enough to eat. anthropologists observe the same phenomena across the world. all these societies eat animals, sometimes covering up to 90 percent of their energy needs with meat. thus of us in the sugar food that were so important in the later diet, over sedentary farming iraq because it's like all these carbohydrate rich grains and chewers from leads to potatoes. if you like it, they are virtually absent from the natural diet of these people. a billionaire also, as it is a manual so called finished for so more than a 1000000 years the dies of our ancestors remained largely unchanged. even when

hammer sapiens emerged and spread across the continent. the world remained firmly in the hands of the hunter gatherers until around 14000 years ago. when a development in the middle east changed everything, people became sedentary. and yet, it was, you can then something very peculiar happened to long as in the mothers, as long as they were nomadic, even though they could only carry a limited number of infants on their journeys. and the limited number of old people who were no longer fully mobile on with mention in the, near for billions fixing material. so could be either some, practically all hunter gatherer societies have mechanisms for keeping these ratios in functioning proportions on, you know, on the one hand by controlling their reproduction. yet so not having more children than they can provide foreign kona and, and in some cases by abandoning the elderly, if they became an unmanageable burden on the last we hadn't when humans became sedentary, this wasn't necessary since they no longer had a child. once every 4 years, but once every 2 years, and it's very other. and anyone who has paid attention and matt knows what that means and

a very short time the population started to grow exponentially. to feed the rapidly growing population, people started farming for the 1st time, they no longer just took from the environment. what they happened to find, but intentionally grew their own food and it's in tweak, invisalign. then these people developed an incredible arsenal of agricultural technologies looking since almost it seemed like domesticated all kinds of animals and plants still. and i also started developing these plants, surveyed the secret that they selectively bread crumbs and livestock wrong, and they spread the crop. farmers had an average dispersal rates of about 20 kilometers per generation at the foot ingrafila about the humid, liberal in of its own assistance. and as you take a settlement of farmers begin to find the next generation establish their own settlement about a day is walk away with you at a distance of about 20 to 30 kilometers thought abeyance. and if you trace this over the lennier, you have an accurate picture of the advance of farming or some of the old. during

the neolithic revolution, people's diet also changed radically. as been physically within a relatively short time, the 405060 percent of meet eaten in the home. together a diet cropped at 10 to 15 percent of animal products consumed in the sedentary diet even if the farmers were lucky. often since the middle availability leathered even at an early stage, saw a very large proportion of this wasn't meet yet, but the animal by products in the book, eggs and milk. this story in istep of our has traced the status of meat from antiquity through the middle ages to modern times. meat remained throughout a rare but integral part of the diet, and at most times was cherished as a precious substance. the poor 8 bred animals, the sacrifice to the gods, but displayed be some end of his lance and the oldest, in fact, remained the case until the end of the 19th century. yet of the 20th century and many regions on his. nothin sweat here in central europe in the german speaking countries profoundly was quite

a status quo till after the 2nd world war and caught up. now you got to people live on than old, mainly from their daily bread, susan, so from carbohydrates of some kind bread noodles in the south nato's dumplings, whatever his arm. it's always some kind of carbohydrate to the muses on anything else is extra for heat and vegetables. made of a very small portion of the diet in this ring, that's why we're so greedy from eat and not. and it's not just our species history that makes us crave or mute gun english. and this long period of scarcity meats became prestigious mangus so n m was dish long's middle cuba 0150 years ago the railroad spread across the united states. and the common diet was the revolutionized once again, trains transported animals cheaply from the southern states to the hungry cities and beef became a 3rd for the masses. the 1st, pardon, slaughter house was built in chicago. no one looking at the chief from him. we all

of the story of henry ford and his automobile assembly line and then with henry ford actually copied the assembly line principal from the slaughterhouses. this contempt, as mythology bounders, been attractive them up to the 1st industrial production with a conveyor belt was not for putting a car together above. but for taking a cow apart. uncle's son was a man the name and, and is i think this after the 2 world wars, what we now call the west and patton diet became more established in industrialized nations. the beautiful one that said is the postwar economic boom. that's an explosion in european meets consumption for him, the system bites. and the problem that soon became apparent is that we didn't to compensate for this massive increase in meter consumption by adopting the rest of the hunter gatherer dieting. we both samo ego. suddenly we're eating much more, meet some of the, but we're still eating as many carbohydrates as before. for him not just not enough vegetables at the and well root. we all know how that ends up defying some because

oh, look at the history of human evolution shows that are living conditions, determine our diet, at least as much as our genes. so how can never is always ah, the answer depends on how deeply we get into the past. ah, eating meat can be considered natural, but is it necessary? and do we like lions have no choice? i got it. yeah. what's your name? corinne with a c. okay. nickel, he to now is a nutritionist, best selling author and ardent vegan, his books call for a fundamental change in our eating habits. data, do you really give us the current western pattern diet as a disaster with flights too much of what is harmful and excess levine and too little of the essential nutrients we need to survive until the national for was in class. we are over eating, but undernourished me out, does. but it's also not true that meet per se, is unhealthy,

as the media sometimes suggests, or even if one person or vegan, i'm primarily a nutritionist. now i also had the data does not show that on me to consumption is unhealthy because one of the athletes, me, and other animal products are nutrient rich foods. when produced properly, them, that negotiating over these that we are no longer dependent on these nutrient rich foods. to day in his cooking shows and lectures, he debunked common misconceptions still is a little damn, can one or products, dont monopolized certain nutrient solemn can we don't eat meat, but the minerals and meat, we don't need milk and dairy products, but the calcium and other nutrients from cheese and milk cows we don't need fish, but omega 3 phenomena, dont need eggs at it and the protein in colin colin. either we don't need animal products, we need the nutrients that are in the animal products, and i have heard that the fact is, throughout the history of us these, these we have always eaten meat and most of us still find meats. simply delicious.

isn't that our body's way of telling us something yar? yes no. it would be nice of nutritional deficiencies could be corrected by following or instincts forming and be he's off. we developed a preference for certain foods for lever. it would be a sign, we needed a couple of veterans or minerals i entered under the meal mine and i'm in a large long as ellison, but in reality we're actually victims of her own preferences. steve could plague because although they're evolutionary and made sense in the past, they don't work in today's conditions falling, ma'am the unborn. and if we haven't a nate preference for sweet foods to why? because a nature, sweet tasting ripe fruit is a good source of carbohydrates. cold blood in her brain is carbohydrate hungry for live a few. but nowadays this preference for quick fix carbohydrates for sweet tastes is often our undoing order of it. and we eat far too much sweet food on the silica sugar as a cheap commodity that can be added to everything warden with the same goes for other taste preferences we have was ordered. so when people say we should eat more

intuitively, i would say no, we should resist, we should use our brains and not trust or good feeling. so marching lastly, data is off in his youtube videos, nickle his in our explains how this can work with our own diets. ultimately, he says a healthy life does not depend on whether we eat animals. what's important is the answer to, to general questions. hello. mines vast in number one asks what nutrients are essential for the survival of the human body? what and where can i get them amans out of the and on the other hand, when i'm procuring these essential nutrients, i can ensure that those substances which are bad for my health when excessive are simply not excessively supplied income county me. and if i can ensure these 2 things, the i have an array of dietary options account vegan, vegetarian western pattern, diet high carb, low carb atkinson, kito, genic, whatever, without like. and this is pigeon holing, of course, with all these options can cover our nutrient requirements correctly. oh,

historically we've been dependent on animal products for a very long time and, and parts of the world we still are. but today in the global north we can eat healthily without animal products. eating meat is not a necessity. this leaves the 3rd and normal. oh, good i said, jim, jimmy are you. i'm already in the 7th generation wing from all the farm has been in family hands since 1855 than the popular that i fell mellum infamy. sylvia. the city keeps ducks and geese on his thumb and petty gall. how normal you find what he does with them probably depends on where you are watching this program from . because julia bucetti is a proud producer of doc live a patty. it's been banned in almost all european countries,

including germany in france, however, forgot as part of the national heritage. we were really no dog. you can give points in different categories, your presentation of warm originality, always you know, at the thought, god challenge and paris culinary talents from all over the country present their creations in front of a renowned jury. mckeithan my kitchen is a kitchen of memories. yes, that's inspired by my father. every christmas he'd serve a dish known as for gra, with apple. yes, available for law. although the tradition is increasingly criticized, he had 2 people of all generations associate for god with a smell of childhood and the cosy christmas feeling in mediating cultures around the world. people learn to classify a small handful of animals as edible and all the rest. they classify as inevitable

and often disgusting to consume. and people around the world tend to view their own choices of which animals to consumer which animals are edible, as rational and the choices of other cultures as irrational and often even offensive. and disgusting. would we consider normal? always depends on what culture we grow up in. and at what time many things we reject to day were once normal. so no man is he alone is not a useful value. when a behavior is no longer seen as a necessity, then it becomes a choice. and once a behavior becomes a choice rather than a necessity, it takes on an ethical mentioned that it didn't have in quite the same way before. the, our typical answers to the question of why we eat meat, sir, for the most part to deflect another uncomfortable question. is it morally right to

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