sentence went to one of the people shaping public opinion. the key word here is the word phase. where are the right magical battle lines being drawn? the proper candle more for ukraine. brushes warning one year since i can take a look back into the future in slowly in february on d. w. ah, hello and welcome to focus on europe. it's good to have you with us. it's been a year since russia launched a full scale invasion into ukraine one year ago. many believe that russia's huge

army would have an easy time taking control of the country. russia itself seemed confident to the advances, however quickly stalled. ukraine has been fighting fiercely, but the war has devastated the country. the russian army has been targeting the energy supply in ukraine, and it's mainly affecting civilians. people continue to suffer under russian aggression. shortly before the war started be met martha, dr. in the capital key, she and her husband said he wanted to do something against the threat from russia. so despite having no combat experience, they decided to wall india to support the army. now after you being on the front lines, they see the war has changed them as it has changed the whole country. ah marta and sir he on leave from the front. it's been months since they've had the

time to stroll to keep together. they've been on duty since the very 1st day of the war this time it's like to return completely to the time before i could see old changes sexual what has happened to you. but i seen feel like i think you'd have to have a few months since the beginning of march. much is for elizabeth is good to have a place where you could get a ton from frontline and understand that that's why the school we 1st met the couple a few weeks before rushes full scale invasion. marta and sir he had just joined ukraine's territorial defense forces, a military reserve of the countries on forces. few members had previous military

experience. marta and sir he didn't either. they got training once a week in the very basics of combat. the other problem. all the stuff that you couldn't, we just zeal and the more this on the, the common thought is, you know, they seems very simple. but in general, when you started to do it, it's quite difficult because you need to know how to do it correctly or not to be inventive for yourself and for your colleague. so we provide them with the skills very basic, but very important. at that time, the territorial defense forces were intended to support the military in case of war, but mainly behind the front lines. at checkpoints, for instance, a year ago, nobody knew whether or not russia would actually invade. but if war did come,

martin knew she wanted to be prepared. it's difficult to explain to foreign this idea exactly know what to expect from russia, but if you happen to know history many, many times when they just physically destroy all roots of the brain. yes. martin did not consider herself the adventurous type before the war. she'd been living an ordinary low key life. she had a house just outside cheve, a garden and some pets. after studying medicine, marta was supervising studies for international pharmaceutical companies from home . but she sense that the tranquillity wouldn't last. it's almost impossible to imagine what will happen if i have to leave it. if i have to just say fight and it will be destroyed, it could happens. i am trying to be ready for this because it's still how to same. definitely i don't want to preserve was, is

a on the price of being live on to accomplish. damn, that close more came much faster than expected for the pair was part of the defense forces. as soon as the war began with russian troops swiftly advancing on keep, their hometown became a war zone. sir, he was fighting in the trenches by march. i served as a medic and a 1st aid station with you. yes. yes. because it, these days the territorial defense force is no longer stay well behind the front lines. they become active combat units and are deployed to some of the most perilous sections of the front. who ah,

marta and sarah, he were both recently at the fiercely contested don bus front. a i am still afraid of edison because it is a little bit. i mean, not a little bit to is far more advanced and this i'm still afraid, but what's already happens when they know that they have to go there. you know, i just could go otherwise, i would never go back with me now for the 1st time, but couple has some time off together pretty quickly. who called us lee. i was

not really up to me to come to trust mom. so full bar, i have feeling that he losing between it is, was big problem. it was difficult to move it from yours from supervision. but i only see how army became stronger and they are really prone to see this. but as they walk around their home town, which for now is more or less peaceful, they come across reminders of the war in the center of keys, the authorities are put wreckage of russian tanks on display. but the 2 have already seen plenty of those. the hypothetical situation they started preparing for over a year ago became a deadly and all too bitter reality. now people in estonia are also watered about the russian aback this baltic nation

supports the west imposition against pu then as sonya is a member of the eel and nato, the west and military alliance as trying to ease as tony as fears at the empty air base since 2014 natal fighter jets have been taking off from here to safeguard the air space or where the baltics, german violet crystal pock. my sto tells us in case of an emergency, every 2nd is crucial thermal. underwear of water immersion suit, boots and g. suit, a lifejacket armed a helmet. it takes lieutenant colonel christoph hoffmeister, less than 2 minutes to put it all on right next door. his euro fighter waits refueled and armed. if the alarm sounds, the pilot has to be airborne and under 15 minutes as this is zack

court summons on hall complexes, it's a very short amount of time for such a highly complex systems. for ela, lawton, it's no big secret that for all pilots when you're fast asleep in the alarm goes off, your pulse rises a bit other. that means that the adrenaline kicks in because you're trying to get ready and be fully alert line. you can get your job done no matter if it's day or night. time talks what it must nordland is. yes, and clicking on that off, click a button and hack meister is the german detachment commander for nato's enhanced air policing mission in estonia. yes, for euro fighter jets, the pilots, ground crew and support personnel under his command, a total of around $150.00 people. the mission is to protect the air space over the baltic states to identify potentially hostile aircraft and keep them out of nato air space.

plato, fighter jets can regularly be heard overhead in the neighboring town of kayla just over 10 kilometers from the airport. and not everyone is thrilled by nato's presence in the region for she is busha for fashion, for everywhere. who are the fascists? nato, nato, t. r. i. people say the russians are occupiers, but when the german plains lie here, hold and it's fine healthy on you. let's get. we're looking at that gordon at mon hi, national prairies of up i'm of course i support it pretty right. because i know the reason why they're flying here. i mean, yeah, that's good. it's reassuring that. here's the defend us side case of up up then to the facts in my opinion, and it's all about the circus. we never got to know what the russia cannot do. it next to ensure the aircraft remain operational at all times. mechanics worked around the clock, thousands of parts, and more than 40 computers have to be checked and maintained. several hours of work

on the ground go into every hour in the air. each our flight costs about 74000 euros on top of that. the jets weapons are extremely expensive. or the one year. yes, the info on this here is the iris t infrared missile of this year by in this marking indicates that it's lifecycle nights. yes, it has an internal rocket engine which can ignite and send the rocket flying off as guide rail toward its target of young sina. wonder good and done with cynthia. none of the 3 baltic states, estonia, latvia, or lithuania, as fighter jets of their own to patrol their airspace since they joined nato in 2004 allies have taken over this role and after rushes illegal annexation of crimea in 2014 nato has been flying from a 2nd base in the mary was east denado stopping. you can see the presence of the nato countries and not only in the baltic region,

and also the present and poland and romania down towards the black sea presents his nero's presence has also become more visible to russian forces. we're showing them that there are red lines that were here and already i doesn't, doth. the russian plains are not far away. one of their main routes is just north of the estonian coast. russian military aircraft regularly fly without transponders a device that transmits information on flight data. and they don't communicate with air traffic controllers on the ground, a potential hazard to civilian air traffic. in these instances, german air force pilots are sent to intercept and identify the aircraft. the melissa, so management by comfort, there's nothing normal about an uncoordinated encounter of to fighter jets and international airspace. are close. obviously when you're approaching an aircraft that you're not in contact with,

it's less than you don't know what the other pilot is doing, what their intentions are, or their flight path. of course are a bit more tense, as well as when it was an english monta herself, hoffmeister says his troops have trained long and heard to be ready for any possible scenario. for the germans. this mission comes to an end in april, when they will be relieved by the british royal air force. dog and syria having shaken by earthquakes, yet again, they have been more dead injuries and suffering. darkish authorities have registered more than 6 paldon aftershocks falling that get astro fee that happened a couple of weeks back. densely populated areas are at a much higher risk. exports. now on that big cities, such as a stumble could collapse completely because building standards are often not observed there. in the city of dozier,

some former earthquake victims have managed to build earthquake proof houses for themselves. this new residential area shouldn't have been built here at all is located in the western turkish city of duster when a turkeys most earthquake prone regions said a by you jack doesn't see that as a problem together with the civil engineer in charge. you jack discusses the final details of the construction work together. they've supervised every step of the process. just the t murtha la copa, some construction companies do things like add chemicals to the concrete, to make it flow better. if you don't to monitor that yourself on the building site, you can end up in a situation like the earthquake in the east done in the more supervision, the safer it is, order or color you are lee mother. over 2 decades ago, you jack a lawyer founded the hope homes cooperative housing project with like minded people

. they wanted to form a community and construct affordable, an earthquake resistant housing that love. at the time their home town of dues, joe had just experienced one of the worst earthquakes in its history. it measured $7.00 on the richter scale. more than 800 people died. now get on par lock survived. but since she was a renter she was left on the streets following the quake, she joined hope, holmes, and now almost 24 years later, she shows air by you jack the apartment she just moved into. it's one of 237. this is the kitchen. oh oh oh oh wow. with sun room i want to have a look. sure. oh yeah. they found

close to noon. of course, we still fear there will be more earthquakes in the ye columbia, but we also know that our house is won't crumble like the ones in the east lula will regularly visited the construction site. delighted to see every step forward, whether it was seeing the windows installed or gas pipes were community here in the annual mode result. they've waited patiently all these years untrusted, their projections un news of the las without having the trust of the future residents. but we wouldn't have had this kind of successful professional population she did in their success. her sudden example in turkey, at one point the co operative had to sue the state in order for the earthquake victims to be provided with a plot of land. the courts eventually ruled in their favor, univision, call lewis, and according to the law, we were also entitled to a low interest construction loan from the state. but at 1st they didn't want to

give us that either your own sion, we ended up taking legal action against them in one the case. it could be dealt with a civic when we saw quite a few kilometers away. the mayor of does, joe is checking the a deliveries for the region and eastern turkey, struck by the latest earthquake. his city wants to send mobile toilets and showers of people out of the fodder. ursula is convinced that his own city is well prepared to withstand the next big quake induced her new construction can only be 4 stories high, which is unusual in turkey. alum buzzer were in the process of completing an urban renewal project with your vehicle about 25 percent of the old unsafe housing remains. and we want to replace it in the near future if ticklish to call mr. images. photos as low as part of the ruling justice and development party. but he is full of praise for the determined building cooperative in his city. candy john,

that it did it. they managed to come together and see this housing development through house would be typically a be a very good. i think it's a great success. oh, no. took bush a little girl. the last time the earth began to tremble and good stir was last november. but despite the earthquake measuring 5.9 on the richter scale, everything went relatively smoothly. most injuries were not too severe. although there were damage buildings, the hope homes were not among them. they were stood the quake unscathed i'd have a live hill. i wasn't too worried about the buildings. yeah. but we still rushed to the construction site to have a look on the. i had already put some furniture in the apartment to be none, but not one thing had been knocked over yet he killed. he could have, he had a need for you, jack pollock and the others in the building cooperative. a decades long struggle is coming to an end. their fight for earthquake resistant, affordable housing was

a success. and they hope a can be an inspiration to others in these uncertain times. they live in terrible conditions and walk for ready little money in southern italy, thousands of african harvest walkers are forced to live in unsanitary shelters. their accommodations often lack basic heating and it project in san fernando wants to restore people's dignity by building special housing for them. the initiative hopes to reduce their hardships. sano is on his way to work. he asked to remain anonymous, to protect his family. sano lives in rural sano, a small town in calabria, but he's originally from guinea. he's been in italy for 8 years, and he's currently working as an orange harvester. we accompany sano to the plane of joy. total. many harvest workers are employed here and like sano,

they came as migrants from africa. what was i said, though, we start at 7 30 in the morning and work for 7 hours in the field here. edwin, in his wage is between 50 and 60 euros a day. it's good work for good pay, he says, but it will soon come to an end you queer gamble or did when the boss says the harvest is over, though we have to find another job. josephine condominium, what we go, whether is word count gotta jack, i'll not. the sano shows us where he lived until recently, a camp for harvest workers near julia toto around 500 people live there in precarious conditions. we are advised to stay outside as the camp is partially under water. no lovely controller, the situation is tough. now there is no place to sleep either mancha. they say there will be a new building with more space, so it goes in sun eating hair,

trying to cook. it's hard home book as possible was if we cannot have that all, i'll put one time, cook unable, but the water from the well is not drinkable hunkers of mother burned you. if you drink it from, you'll get sick. was there problem? the trash attracts rats and straight ons. the water from the night's rain builds up between the tents. we visit the house of dignity up to 20 migrant workers. have found a safe home here. okay, think yeah. was it called the house of dignity? yeah. my like as i think he thought that it's called house of dignity because it's important to us that it isn't a pass of one of assistance. but the workers are contributing to the cost is based on their income on you know, what a full $90.00 euros is the maximum quantity which it's not free housing, which we think is important in taking out an element of passivity initiative that i didn't feel that it was the dog most santa

shares an apartment with 4 other men here. it has one bathroom and 2 bedrooms. uh huh. this is mia got. this is my room and my bed with my warm blanket. otherwise i'd freeze them bug. i bought it in town for 40 years. oh, francesco, helped santa get a residence and work permit. without that, the harvest workers essentially have no rights with news. yamaha were a kind of safe space. and this house is an example of that. the mediterranean hope works to ensure humanitarian access routes, and then we provide protection once people arrive. francesco also gets help from local growers. the money a tab are cooperative, buys oranges at fairly negotiated prices and conditions. the fruit is then sent to

church, congregations, and private individuals in germany. for example, the proceeds are used to support migrant initiatives in calabria, elementary custody of west. what characterizes the traditional supply chains in our agriculture is the cruel exploitation of people by people. the land looked at deborah the ones most affected by this or harvest workers from non e u. countries either such as migrant workers from africa, living an unimaginable conditions in my, my uncle and elemental shovel, every majority, aid organizations and orange growers have worked together to provide some hope for seasonal workers. sano has a roof over his head when he comes home and has more safety and security than many other harvest workers. now, toaster is an essential part of most british homes. breakfast often includes dulcet

white bread with butter and jam. but what should one do once the doorstep stops working? many britons simply throw their appliances away by the repair shop in london is showing that there is another way. and it bears tend to be cheaper and far more environmentally friendly. and this trend is catching on. and in water is leaking out here inside on the left, stuffy for my family. i really after 5 years of regular use, rashid and cartoons blender is acting up instead of throwing it away. she enlist the help of the fixing factory, a repair shop in london's camden burrow they repair, rather than toss and the services free of charge. the manager drama, jones and his volunteers want to reduce electronic waste, which is harmful to the environment. the u. k. is europe, 2nd largest e waste producer with each household generating 55 kilograms annually? got to change is not sustainable is destroying the planet. and it would be really,

really simple, just to redesign things so that the fixable, if supply the parts or the things that were already made just help us out. the repair shop is supported by donations and the national lottery community fund. they're enthusiastic volunteers are also key to the organization such as jamie johnson who was inspired by his daughter. yeah, i think there are a lot more am aware than air. probably my generation, i'd say, and there are a lot more up for nan, sort of things to the environment and trying to live more sustainably. sweetie bought me, says fixing things is also cheaper. rashid and cartoons, blender cost $100.00 pounds of the time, and the spare part is available on mine for around 4 pounds. no. the we living in that price is dinner, is very hot. it's 5 fat where everybody, you know, in view of the inflation crisis and climate change repair shops are gaining in

popularity in the fixing factory success rate is 90 percent. according to manager durham johns. thank you very much. i'm delighted and then yes, rashid on cartoons blender works perfectly again. thanks to the fixing factory in london. i hope that inspires you to get you offline. so bad. do that search for focus on your time. so watching, goodbye. ah ah, with

who conflict? the war in ukraine got a problem for international squat life this past week. i level politicians matter community conference to discuss more and the 8th grade. my guess this week is the ukrainian m p electric on to ranko who's for that policy. you're promising

international support. country and more powerful weapons. with 30 minutes, i died about the ancient theories are up to they mix in water. the years ago digits now river was deanda ah, temples, thousands of years old are facing destruction. the solution aggressive conservation and effect tackler. rescue mission to 3 temples on the nile in 75 minutes on d, w. o. blue with should we oh,

how do we treat animals and why hasn't anything changed? does this is actually a clear violation of animal protection. why do we love some as companions? while eating others, yet i never thought about how strange it was that i could pet my dog with one hand while i ate a pork chop with the other. what is the alternative? and how does it taste? it's like the real thing. yeah. will we all be vegan, and 50 years? i've seen very few strong arguments to keep eating animals a documentary series about the future of food. with the great debate this week on t w. ah

ah, ah, this is the w news live from her land. the toll of the fearsome battle waged for ukraine don boss region where thousands died. as the warden years, the one year mark r corresponded here is from an exhausted ukrainian soldier on just what drives him .