taking home the big prize and finally the northern lights have made a rare and dazzling display, much farther south, and near usual, over the weekend the of bora, bora, honest, as they are also note, i lit up the skies above island benevolence. much of the united kingdom, germany, phenomena is caused by solar winds, interacting with your thought. misfire armies normally limited to areas a coast to the arctic circle. a dr. magic lars up looks at commercialization of outer space in just a moment. sarah kelly will happen. well, news of the top of the have a good day and we're interested in the global economy. our portfolio d w business beyond. here's a closer look at the project. our mission. to analyze the fight for market

dominance. get us to the head with d w. business beyond i said mission 6 on february 6th 2018. the falcon heavy rocket took off on it's made in flight. 2 and a half minutes after launch the 2 side boosters detached. 8 minutes after lift off. the pair touched back down in cape canaveral in a synchronized landing. it was another p r coup or space x, and it's boundary line must, who's become a leading figure in the burgeoning sector called new space in germany and elsewhere . a growing number of commercial company is,

are now building rockets. software developers use satellite data to monitor gas pipelines and forests. college students build miniature research satellites and launcher rockets. and at the political level, rivalries are intensifying. europe is competing against russia and china to install its own secure satellite network. a new age of space travel has dawned in 2016 and interdisciplinary group called tude sat, was set up here at the technical university of dom stop in germany. these members are working on small scale satellites, often with an i'm measuring just 10 centimeters wide. they are cube sats will later be fitted with sensors that can measure gamma radiation and charged particles in outer space. they also have a special outer coating robins

a little if you went to light as retro reflective film, will illuminate this with a laser from down here and see whether the feedback identifies it as hands. i know it's an experiment because satellites and especially keeps answer, often get lost after the launch do. so you can't say which one is yours along the and we want to see if we can find our satellite ivanhoe, who had of his he of it in that he didn't, couldn't, was fiano hom, s t. we can also create photo and video recordings from space, which can mean more media attention and coverage, yada of max on and that could get more people interested in space on let's and fish . oh, man auto silence of a guy's son. in a few weeks, these students will be taking part in a college competition organized by the european space agency or isa. an important intermediate test of their progress of the winners get to take part in an 18 month professional satellite design training program. miss nicholas gonzales. we don't

need to have done it all, but shows solid groundwork causes of it work which is thorough enough to show we've identified and addressed all the major issues article support and that what's left or details yet on trim? is that the? no, so yes, this is a big deal for us also from union on bobbin. as he also searched the dom start university team comprises around $150.00 students drawn from various fields, physicists, computer scientists, mathematicians and electrical engineers. they all share a passion for space. several have already completed internships with the isa, the german aerospace center, or other agencies funding. but on mine i am putting on global i moved, i was in one of the control rooms and got to dispatch a command to a satellite, evident, also to think that that santa light is out there and many replies steel command. that's just amazing is because i follow his muscle invisible and i think it was when the space ex operations got all the media coverage that i thought i was. this

is interesting and also kind of cool. we're a combined space and has good job opportunities. so one of those singing come, many young people have found inspiration in space x. the american company founded by ellen mosque in 2002. over a decade ago, he was still building his 1st rocket launch site in cape canaveral. within sight of the famous nasa launch pad as he was eager to show in company videos, liver, very helpful vehicle mosque was also keen to highlight 80 percent of all space ex rocket components being built in house. the 1st rocket, the falcon, one was 100 percent privately funded and after a series of failed launches, must focused on the falcon 9. was thing is the turbo pump. this is, this is the chamber nozzle. and there's always supporting structure in there with avionics and control val for 3, june 2010,

the maiden voyage of falcon 9. let that rebel wrap up the reward for years of perseverance and risk taking malcolm died. eden. musk hath of good sight. the son allan must cut a different approach or so he tried things without knowing whether they would work yet. and in fact he didn't have a image for sonya to falcon. things like falcon, one didn't work not but he carried on da scholarship and that's his real achievement effort. by his own account, he was close to going bankrupt off as a dumb us dish dominga banquets again space x out among this i space x has changed . public opinion, the most allison, other, i always joke about all the nasa t shirts. you see kids wearing to day that the st. how trendy, they are poke august casa, if you will. you will go ahead. i'm and home loans from the invoke the 5th, the and that's also thanks to space ex office. all kinds of of us the space exit i stuck. space travel is now in its next chapter. after decades of being state run,

the american space shuttle blasted off on its last flight in 20110. i left off the final lift off of it labs, shoulders of the flight mark the end of protracted development cycles, and hugely expensive production. as shown in a comparison of rocket launches, launching every key low of that space shuttle into low earth orbit cost an estimated $65400.00 compared to rushes. so use rocket at just under $18000.00 per kilo mole. europe's arianna 5 rocket cost a little over 10000 followed by space. x is cut price falcon $9.00, and then the falcon heavy that just $1500.00 per kilo at space ex, development and production or under the same roof. some rocket components are made of a lightweight aluminum lithium alloy. the lower stage is reusable, which brings

a range of cost related benefits. german companies are learning from this american example. their micro launchers as they're called, have a payload of between 500 kilograms and 1.3 tons. currently they're still in the development and testing phase. none have actually taken off yet. the photo from micro launch from nist us loops lesson. the advantage of micro launchers is that payloads can be put into a specific orbit on schedule clients. and even if they are smaller than the co sniff, it's hint of a bigger rockets might be more cost efficient. in terms of price per kilo, a booklet killer from but clients have to accept compromises. they're cool because they're going exactly where other payloads are also headed and whoops less. now inflating the german teams promise of faster flight into space and that the satellite reaches that precise orbit desired by the client. but they likewise have

to keep production costs low. as the market has become highly competitive. to people who built room, there are over a 100 companies and start us worldwide offering their services by noon to them. so we have the same time, there is considerable demand among satellite customers, but the oft often suddenly conclude that demand means that satellites are booming in the new space industry. again, thanks also to space ex movers, denton with since 2018 the company has been launching its star link satellites on a regular basis. these provides internet that can download a 100 megabits per 2nd space x is primarily targeting more remote regions of the world that don't have vast landline access. there are already over 2000 starling satellites orbiting the earth. in january 2022, there were around 4800 satellites in orbit and that figure has since risen. almost

3 and a half 1000 were used by commercial entities. 150 served civilian purposes like research. 506 were government owned, and 411 were for spying and military purposes. the rest don't belong in any one category. satellites had become multi purpose. take the sentinel family operated by the isa, and part of the e used copernicus, earth observation program. the sentinels are used for monitoring the oceans, measuring pollutants, and the atmosphere and mapping landscapes. farmers for example, can use their data for vegetation maps. these tell them where their crops are growing well and where they aren't. them came, it wasn't as yeah, where they need to use less or more fertilizer this year. the thing satellites are also helpful for monitoring gas pipelines. high resolution images reveal potential hazards on the ground. some offer accuracy to

within 30 centimeters, but for now this is still a niche market passes. and if i sit back, had availability for high resolution data right now is still limited because there aren't many satellites an orbit capable of delivering it and them on the ship abide . but if you look at planned missions, including those by imaging companies, you see that many satellites will be launched in the near future with precisely these 50 and 30 centimeter resolutions on ties a centimeter office and harden. this level of detail means new space companies could also monitor the movement of goods at ports, for example, or detect a forest fire before it breaks out. an increasingly important asset in light of climate change. feed emitters, dennis, want any many medium sized companies don't know just how much value there is and satellite data sensors and trans. our vision and mission is to make people aware of this through various applications had. so pat a muscle,

something and dive. and we'd also like to cooperate with local authorities in the near future. when calmer 9 am john beholden, launched him together, low cost rockets and the satellite boom are feeling a new phase of the space industry. in 2021, spending amounted to $370000000000.00. according to market intelligence, firm euro consult by 2030. that figure is set to rise to 642000000000. the berlin air show, or isla, is one of the premier events of its kind in europe. new space is also a big topic here. i know the couldn't vote on one of our clients as setting up a communications constellation around the moon and a certain famous american player has set their side on mars, last and vizier in the store. and i was dancing. obviously, investors from around the world are now interested in space travel. oh,

and they use different development methods for faster and more flexible products, solutions, stickers, medulla, it's bad sales. it's the dom shot students 1st time at the isla, just 2 weeks earlier. they found out that they had won a different international college competition as a prize there satellite will get to hitch a ride on a chinese rocket. mutinous scottish no, actually we lost sight of this because the announcement was a year earlier on the high res cultural focus. so we forgot about it and thought we weren't going to hear anything any more other than all kind of traditional you hooked up the said, then we got this really positive news out as opposed to you from americans. irish mom, now they have to hurry to get everything ready in time for the launch. though, linda, that's the biggest challenge. it's extremely short notice for our mission to launch a satellite, the leech. so that's what we're most worried about. my lord. given the time

constraints, the group are pondering the idea of getting other university teams to build individual components or the body of the satellite. in the meantime, their own research continues. here, they're visiting a company that is helping out with equipment and expertise. the students are fitting their satellite with the reflective outer film to enable them to later locate it using a laser on the cubes that had 6, our cube sat had 6 sides before are completely taken up by solar cells. one partially and the other one is completely covered with the film nicholson opens up . we need to find out whether our film is suitable for outer space and has the optical properties we expect tom developed. and in particular, whether the film reflects enough of the laser beam, they want to see how it compares with a regular household mirror, which throws back over 95 percent of the beam. it's time to test the films reflective capacity. the result 2.5 millivolts. the reading means the return beam

is 2000 times weaker despite the very short distance. it's a sobering result. but even that low level of reflection, the students say, might be enough to locate the satellite hundreds of kilometers away. they also planned to attach tiny corner cubes to the exterior, to improve reflection isn't even though they're polished on 3 sides to ensure the light is reflected back where it came from, the look of it. they commonly used in aerospace know what said this is state of the art and instead of the art fitting, the pebble sized components cost $80.00 euro's each. however far more than the film for college projects like there's the financial factor is an important one. something that was likely not an issue for the 1st satellite designers. they're only aim was getting a satellite into space. in october 1957, the soviet union succeeded it. sputnik one transmitted

a signal back to earth. sputnik success shocked the west. it come it with the army does have yet on yawn on these and after the leading border funding of yet wasn't given. does vargas now selenium. it wasn't really about function. focus yet then us put, make all sputnik one could do was go beep, beep beep. it was essentially just to show a power as just like the race to the moon be off designs and technology were secondary soon by the main point was who's 1st is who's the fairest of them all? he is king. i'm for home vista, asterisk assurance, them guns in london. in response to months after sputnik, the americans launched their vanguard satellite into orbit. but the lift off was a disaster. the rock had ascended just one meter 20 off the ground.

it was a bitter set back in the cold war rivalry, but then a satellite or 2nd attempt to launch a space satellite hours long. the u. s. is parallel explorer program, was headed by venna font brown, who had earlier worked on nazi germany's b one and b, 2 rockets. in february 1958 of the american media celebrated the explorer one becoming the country's 1st satellite to enter space. it's unfair to a dollar late that when, if the ally ethel fall is the father of a is an anglican oven. if the ethel live, if he invented design, the subsequent decades saw the 2 superpowers pumping vast sums of money into their respective space ventures. eventually launching spy satellites to the militarization of space had begun. the americans were determined to keep the soviet

union in check. and in the 1980s announced plans for a laser and satellite based protective shield against enemy missiles, nicknamed star wars. the program never took off it, but the battle for space supremacy continued with a renewed focus on military applications, especially for satellites fact to the present. in february 2020 to the french city of to loose host at the ease space summit. one major point on the agenda was europe's need for a more proactive defense policy. so they could exist. they said that it is junky push. there are now a spy satellites that can communicate with our own satellites, and it gets you and foreign powers developing technologies for shooting down objects in orbit. deborah, this is about this is the real world now. it's not science fiction suppressors and something, some of our rivals are investing heavily in fip, asoft, unknown fuel chief among those rivals is china and emerging space nation after

sending a series of astronauts into orbit beginning in 2003. the country now has its own space station up and running. according to media reports, china is also planning to set up a network comprising up to 20000 satellites, bankrolled by the government. right now, the united states is still the world's biggest spender on space programs. in 2021, they invested almost $55000000000.00, followed by europe with around $14000000000.00. china has been gaining ground with $10000000000.00. less than half of that was spent by japan and russia. under pressure to respond, the e u plans to build up its own network of internet satellites by 2030. the estimated total cost is $6000000000.00 euros. she's extremely important is drug secured

communication. and when i say security is pretty secured, in other words, using quantum technologies to have a specific quantum encryptions which will allow a to protect a government and communication. all big companies, reasoning for defense. the european space agency is itself pushing for more urgency on both the internet satellite front and mand moon landings. you is settling and it wasn't a duty nietzschian. it's vital that we're part of the discussion and of chasing after holy get into thus accelerate. we need to catch up, we're accelerate in how we use space for society. and also with regard to human exploration in human exploration, europe space strategy has based criticism. in the past, decision makers have been accused of dragging their heels and being to bureaucratic and of sleeping through the news space trends. and when will vision with the alley on the next article,

you only have to look at arianna 6 and example of collective failure across the board logging. alicia that still unable to fly and is not reusable, illustrates everything that's not working here. yeah, listen ish will 20th the launch of arianna 6 has been delayed several times since 2020. but the rocket has europe's hopes pinned on it and is scheduled to take off and 2023 men of criminals, which the dom shot students have been making faster progress. the university's rocket team are currently reviewing video footage of a test flight event. they attended a butting rocket ears from across germany, relished the chance to fire their contraptions up to one kilometer into the sky. all the student version is a small test rocket powered by water pressure for in god which is pouring the water into the tank. that's on the tension mounts. according to the

group's calculations, the rocket should reach a height of almost 40 meters, but will the 47 winds put, the brakes on their efforts will dominate. so bottom line, typically, we have a successful parachute deployment for jamal schools. them, which is would you like katie here? not the rocket post flight looks really good, good and done. and then here are data with isn't that isn't like hidden as especially in light of the rugged size you might think it was a failure miss upward about. but the fact that we launched that, that the principal worked and we had a successful parish deployment, which means that it was a big success, a foreclosure shortly afterwards. launch number 2, rocket science involves a lot of trial and error. that i oh i'm

009 ah, the slightest only good. a good. this is the sorry outcome of our 2nd fly into the pie to like the lowest section stayed intact. but the head with the electronics, it has been torn apart because the parish it didn't deploy properly. it, you know, the students are now planning to switch from water pressure to solid fuel, which will deliver far more thrust. he meant if it comes on some business, macau medium term goal is to keep on taking part in college competitions, where teams of students compete against each other with their rocket as teams getting under an medium. but in a solid feel, engine is a good option because if it's straightforward structure function and handling some something and the development time is shorter than an original liquid, liquid engine concept significantly from a visit physically pick. so you can focus more on the rockets other components wouldn't ducky to constantly in a new generation of space enthusiasts lou.

but growing commercialization also means a changing nighttime sky. ready over 20000 satellites could be orbiting the earth just 10 years from now. are the heavens in danger of losing their magic? oh there and like to stand him for thousands of years, the starry nighttime sky has inspired natural scientists to ask what those points of they're actually aren't. and he's a pull to the home, the stick to enough. there's a more profound dimension involved. where you wonder, who has the authority to intervene and say, the starry sky in itself is something worth protecting since v at us, over half of all satellites, including those belonging to starling, are located in low earth orbit or leo, up to 2000 kilometers above earth. medium earth orbit is where the gps, galileo and other navigation satellites operate. lou jus stationary orbit or geo

for television satellite circle, the planet, is at 35786 kilometers lou. some operators like space x had been darkening their satellites in order to reduce their reflectance and not ruined the romance of the nighttime sky. but they continue to pose a problem for professional stargazers the honda to live in did and i, we have satellites that leave marks on images and can distort readings of if a satellite is flying right by a celestial object i am currently examining. then it's a problem i put on those who can measure done that, the spirit that indicates if it all comes down to a fundamental question, what, what prevent satellite operator is from launching the 10s, but hundreds of thousands of them. that's nothing and nobody they still me month. the fact is that there are few space regulations of lee. there is the outer space

treaty negotiated in 1967 by the un. it's terms govern the peaceful exploration and use of the moon. for example, man and a ban on the deployment of weapons of mass destruction in outer space. o ne, engage them face them, moon exploration, and assert any claim to national sovereignty over the moon, less bill, but that this is the province of all mankind. but there seem to be no bounds to the commercialization of outer space. no written stipulations on who can put how many rockets satellites or people into orbit and at which altitude and no regulations on space debris. but then it must be rest shuffle, vaughn, to create law. you need the consensus of stakeholders on van. and if a large number of the important parties say it's not really necessary to create a law, then you have a huge problem ish. problems in leesburg is probably when he,

china, russia, and the us have a manifest interest in keeping written and legal commitments to a minimum so that they can essentially do what they want was done and conceived mancha and basil one. the, i'd say, gosh, wow, the only agreement that exists is that everyone does what they can to prevent collisions. good, but there's no agreement on any details. tigers, teens with justice. michelle michelle whole more satellites means a growing risk of collisions. and there's the growing problem of space to breed garbage in space. since 1957, there have been around 6200 launches to day space debris amounts to over 130000000 objects. many just one or 2 millimeters in diameter. together they weigh in at over $9900.00 tons and pose a major challenge that isn't legal guns. it's very light to see rules like in a national park in mood. those who take their trash back home after a mission are permitted to fly though. so don't have to improve and show they will

before being allowed to fly. again, that is often before is if you can do the students in darmstadt have been given the chance to send their miniature satellite into space on board a chinese carrier rocket, or launch vehicle as a mid audio with us, but they aren't sure it's politically ok to accept such help from china, owned a not to show you this miss flags. we didn't want to decide this for every one. so we conducted the survey hostess up to now it looks like 70 to 80 percent have reservations, or even major reservations. the remainder a strongly in favor of us doing the launch food as fit and possibly launched them as well was i don't think any of this initially appreciated the scope of what we were getting involved and the mom since that became clear, we've had growing reservations and right now, it looks like we won't go ahead with the launch, miss vanham. on the other hand, that will give them more time to focus on the european space agency competition.

the earth's orbit has become a battle ground for conflicting political interests and also a new and lucrative economy. whether the various business models of the burgeoning new space sector will ultimately succeed in taking off remains written in the stars . ah, ah ah. sometimes the bases shall rise out at you. out of the highlights. freshly read a book every week, snapped them up. jam these had 1111. not a single woman. mission is to send the fast female jannen israel,

his face the gender gap in space exploration. germany's 1st female astronaut, it has been waiting for years to get her turn. a private initiative is pushing to make it happen. meet pass name is just a dream. i've always had of always wanted to see the us from la destiny forsakes starts more jason on d w. mm hm. ah. this week on world stories ukrainian refugees re settle and germany, a new cow census in corsica. we begin.